Grade 11 Biology
Diversity of Living Things
Chapter 1- An Introduction to Biodiversity
Name:_____________________ Grade:__________
Source: http://www.mrshanksclass.com/grade-11-biology.html (modified): Nelson Biology 11
pg. 1
Chapter 1.1: Biodiversity- An Introduction (text pages 8-13) PART 1
Watch the following videos (making jot notes as you watch) and read your text to complete
PART 1 of this note handout.
https://youtu.be/aqtdaIkxnQo?list=PL6CpJGY2lfZfBbs0Jje2b5xbb013qbw6F
https://youtu.be/pSUfsWzWbeg
https://youtu.be/b6Ua_zWDH6U
https://youtu.be/GK_vRtHJZu4?list=PL6CpJGY2lfZfBbs0Jje2b5xbb013qbw6F
Question 1. What is biodiversity?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
International Year of Biodiversity was 2010 and by then over 1.7 million kinds of living things
were identified. Estimated 5-50 million species on Earth!
Question 2. List the 3 types of Biodiversity
Question 3. Why is biodiversity important?
pg. 2
Define the following terms: pg 8-9
Species:
Hybridization:
Morphology:
Evolutionary change:
Genetic Diversity:
Diversity in Ecosystems –pg 10-11
- sustainability of ecosystem depends on the interactions between species and environment.
Define the following terms:
Heterotrophs
Autotrophs
Species Diversity
Structural Diversity
pg. 3
Diversity of Interactions.
-species support and depend on each other.
Contribute to the stability and productivity of their ecosystems
-the more the species variety the better (see example in text)
Influenced by the total number of individuals present in an ecosystem (see text)
Species Interactions ( complete using Table 1 on page 11)
Interaction Examples – give one
Food supply
Protection
Transportation
Reproduction
Hygiene
Digestion
pg. 4
Diversity of Habitats
List the factors that contribute to structural diversity of an ecosystem. ( 5 listed in your text)
Why is structural diversity important?
Give some (at least 3 ) examples of different types of habitats and why one may be better than
the other.
NB: PREPARE for a terminology/definitions quiz
pg. 5
Human Impact on Diversity of Living Things……Biodiversity is at Risk! (Page 12)
Read page 12 of your text and watch the following videos to help answer the questions written
below, as well as the textbook questions -Page 13 # 8-13,15.
https://youtu.be/vCkDxD0DV0Q
https://youtu.be/RaUEGGR6yLY
https://youtu.be/wXJiHr8jWBs
https://youtu.be/Ys_ORCAMArc
https://youtu.be/0Puv0Pss33M?list=RDCMUC5MDIy3yhWDrx0MyDo4QmYg
Identify at least 5 ways in which biodiversity is valuable?
Identify some causes of biodiversity loss. (e.g. Mnemonic- HICOP; HIPPO). Discuss some of
these causes with partner/or in a group.
Identify some ways in which we can reduce human impact on biodiversity .
Homework/Classwork: Page 13 # 8-13,15.
NB. Question 14 will be an Assessment OF learning presentation. Details will be
provided soon.
pg. 6
PART 2
Characteristics of life ( Refer to PowerPoint #1)
Warm Up Exercise:
Place these classifications ( see PPT #1) in order from largest to smallest.
______________________ ______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________
Brainstorm with a partner, the definition of “Life” or what it means to be 'Alive'.
Scientists developed a general sense of what they considered 'Alive' through the Medieval Times
and came up with this list.
Common Characteristics of Living Things
Criteria Description
-ability to change the ______________ of some or all of its parts
-ability to respond to ______________
-orderly, progressive change in form (___________________________)
-contains a large number of _______________ molecules and materials
-________________ of all processes (or potential to perform processes)
characteristics of living things.
Scientists quickly realized that some living things did not satisfy all of these criteria, and some
nonliving things satisfied too many of them. So, they developed a more accurate list of
Fundamental Characteristics.
pg. 7
Fundamental Characteristics of Living Things
Criteria Description
-Organized assembly of molecules into a ____________ unit (cells)
-Ability to assimilate ________________ as well as materials to
grow ad develop
-Ability to create viable & ______________ offspring
-Ability to pass on traits & characteristics to ___________________
-Ability to maintain a stable & functional _______________
environment
Classification of Living things ( Refer to PowerPoint #2)
Need a system of classification of things to make life orderly , easy and easily
understood.
Classification system serves many purposes:
Convenient-makes it easy to find things
Source of information- tells you something about the item being classified
Tool for communication- everyone can identify the same item
TAXONOMY ( Method of Classification):
The science of ___________________ and ___________________ all organisms.
The process of organizing __________ into larger and larger groups that have fewer &
fewer common _________________.
Referred to as the _________________ of ______________________
Some criteria used are: (list them from the ppt)
Father of Taxonomy: (Swedish Botanist born May 23,1707)
Linnaeus felt that each species should have a unique name- a two-part scientific name in Latin
called the _________________ ___________________
Binomial Nomenclature is _______________________________________________________
pg. 8
______________________________________________________________________________
( see page 16 of text)
Linnaeus proposed two names to describe an organism: (____________ ___________)
1st Name refers to a small group of closely related organisms -the ______________
2nd Name is descriptive of the species or who discovered it- the _______________
How to write scientific names of organisms:
- capitalize 1st name, NOT 2nd name
- typed in italics or underlined if handwritten
Examples:
Common name: Canada goose
Common Name - grape vine
Scientific Name - Vitis Scientific name: Branta canadensis
vinifera
Branta canadensis
Vitis vinifera
Traditional Levels/Systems of Classification
There are seven (7) levels of taxonomic classification. List them below with an example from
either plants or animals ( see ppt2 or page 17 of text)
Taxon Example
1.__________________________ : ________________________
2.__________________________ : ________________________
3.__________________________ : ________________________
4.__________________________ : ________________________
5.__________________________ : ________________________
6.__________________________ : ________________________
7.__________________________ : ________________________
pg. 9
Dichotomous key
( series of branching two-part statements used to identify organisms (or objects) )
Used to help identify organisms.
Structure in which a large set of items is broken down into smaller subsets, ultimately
leading to the smallest available classification unit.
Series of yes and no questions and answers lead to specific identification of organism or
object.
Example:
Dichotomous Key: construct a dichotomous key from the pictures given in PPT2, slide 18.
pg. 10
PART 3
Modern Taxonomy: Domains and Phylogeny ( Refer to PowerPoint #3)
-like the organisms the classification system is constantly _____________ and _____________.
- there are now Domains (3 of them): Eukaryota, Archae, and Bacteria
Modern 8 Levels of Classification
Taxon Example
1.__________________________ : ________________________
2.__________________________ : ________________________
3.__________________________ : ________________________
4.__________________________ : ________________________
5.__________________________ : ________________________
6.__________________________ : ________________________
7.__________________________ : ________________________
8.__________________________ : ________________________
Phylogeny
- 1859, Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution which states that all living things
are descended from a common ancestor
Evolution is___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________(see text pg. 21)
ONE way of classifying organisms is now to look at how closely related they are to each other.
Phylogeny is __________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Phylogenetic tree is _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
pg. 11
Clade: _______________________________________________________________________
Just like how a family tree shoes the relatedness/relationship between people so does a phylogenetic
tree show the evolutionary relatedness between species.
Refer to your text, pages 21-23 for examples and questions about phylogenetic trees
Question #1:
Compare and contrast traditional classification system and phylogenetic analysis.
The International Barcode life Project, iBOL
proposed by Dr. Paul Herbert, University of Guelph
Modern genetics provide new tool for identifying species
Use DNA technology to create a DNA profile of species in the form of a barcode
Aims to create DNA profile of every species
iBOL launched in 2010; over 90,000 species barcoded
Supported by 25 countries
Question #2: List some benefits of this new proposal of taxonomy
Question #3. Describe a benefit already realized.
pg. 12
Question #4: Complete the following table from page 27 of your text.
CHARACTERISTTICS OF EACH KINGDOM (pg 27)
Criteria Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia
Cell Count
(unicellular
Or
multicellular)
Reproductio
n
Mobility
Nutrition
Habitat
Cell Wall
Example
pg. 13
pg. 14
