DIPLOMA IN OFFICE TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
(BA132)
INFORMATION SKILLS FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES
(OBM101)
ASSIGNMENT II: BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION
PREPARE BY:
NAME MATRICS NUMBER
SITI NUR HANA BINTI MOHAMAD 2023418376
NOOR AZIRAH BINTI ABDUL 2023426164
RAHMAN
AIFAANUR DHINI BINTI SAIFUDIN 2023447956
ROSLIYANA BINTI MOKHTAR 2023673854
PREPARED FOR:
MADAM AIDAH BINTI SALLEH
DATE OF SUBMISSION:
21 DECEMBER 2023
i. TABLE OF CONTENT
NO. SECTION PAGE NUMBER
i. TABLE OF CONTENT 2
ii. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3
1. CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION
- DEFINES BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 4-6
2. CHAPTER 2 – CITATION (APA AND MLA)
- 15 BOOKS 7-8
- 15 JOURNALS 9-11
3. CHAPTER 3 – CONCLUSION 12-14
iii. APPENDICES
- COVER OF BOOKS AND JOURNALS 15-45
2
ii. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Peace be upon you and greetings, Alhamdulillah, praise to Allah, we are grateful that we have
successfully completed this project within the given time frame for the subject Information Skill for Academic
Purposes (OBM101). The title chosen by our group is Stress Management. Many thanks to our lecturer
Madam Aidah Binti Salleh, for providing guidance and instruction to us therefore we can complete the project
perfectly. We would also like to express our gratitude to the group members, namely Siti Nur Hana, Noor
Azirah, Aifaanur Dhini, Rosliyana, for their good cooperation and effective ideas in carrying out this task.
Finally, we would like to extend our sincere thanks to everyone who has been directly or indirectly involved in
the process of completing this task.
3
CHAPTER 1: INRODUCTION
Teens are more stressed than ever these days. (Michael, 2023) That’s because the world they’re growing up in
is far more complex, challenging, and fast-paced than the world their parents grew up in. (Michael, 2023)
Nonprofit Work is Killin’ Me is written for nonprofit community-based professionals on the front lines, carrying out
their responsibilities for triaging and healing the challenges that stem from racism and classism. (Young, 2023)
This is a training manual containing school staff self-training plus lesson plans for staff who are intending to give
stress management lessons to students in secondary schools. (James, 2021) “Tapping” was introduced as a
key element of self-help approach in the 1970s. (Stapleton, 2019) Since then, the popularity of this easy-to-
apply, yet incredibly effective tool for stress regulation and personal information. (Stapleton, 2019) if you have
ever conversed with a college-students about their life or how they are doing, it is likely you have heard
comments about how they are dealing with multiple deadlines, stress, anxiety, fatigue, and/or burnout. (Dye,
Burke, & Mason, 2021) Acceptable work health, safety and wellbeing of the workforce is a critical aspect for the
social sustainability of any nation. (Kamardeen, 2021) Pressure from third-party payers, accrediting agencies,
and other outside parties has increased the need for clinicians to quickly produce effective, high-quality treatment
plans. (Jongsma, Peterson, & Bruce, 2021) During the Renaissance, a philosophy shaping the direction of
medicine in the Western world started taking hold. (Seaward, 2020) There is a huge health crisis in the world
today that barely gets noticed in the news headlines, even though it underlies nearly every topic of conversation
among friends, family, co-workers, acquaintances, consumers, and even young teenagers. (Seaward, 2019)
Anxiety is a normal human emotion characterized by fear, worry, or uncertainty. (Seponara, 2022) You may
experience stress as full-blown panic or a subtle nudging that things in your life just aren't as they should be.
(Daugherty, 2019) This book is published at a historical moment that is seared into everyone's memory and is
likely to transform our everyday life and redefine who we are. (Hsieh, & Kramer, 2021) Teaching music can be
a rewarding, yet stressful, profession. (Li, 2020) This introductory chapter of this monograph begins with an
4
overview of the main concepts of this study: mainly stress and hardiness and the relationship between them.
(Mund, 2021) Cannabidiol, or CBD, is a phytocannabinoid, a chemical plant compound that occurs naturally in
plants in the cannabis family. (Saint Thomas, 2020) How does one navigate one's life in extremely difficult
times? (Seaward, 2021) Stress is defined as a person's physical, mental, and emotional reaction to a certain-
stimuli, often known as a "stressor." (Sujaritha, Deepa, Nandhini, Vandhana, & Mahalakshmi, 2022)
Many employees in the course of discharging their duties in organizations experience one form of stress or the
other. (Tojue, Audu, & Nnanami, 2023) Candidates for academic positions, as well as students who are still
enrolled in school, frequently experience stress in their daily lives. (Fadli, Azlina, Ar-Rayyan, Irhamna, Azlina, &
Salwani, 2023)
This is due to a variety of factors such as role in organization, career development, relationship at work,
organization structure, climate, employment conflict, hard workload, job uncertainty, confrontations with
colleagues or supervisor, lack of job stability, inadequate training in safety, low salary, lack of proper evaluation,
monitoring of safety performance, unfair rewards, treatment for compliance to safety provisions, new curricula,
teacher shortages, teachers who are burdened with having to make a variety of modifications in their personal
and professional lives, shortages of learning and teaching materials, congested timetable, the introduction of
new learning areas which deskilled them, exhaustion from work, decreased motivation, dysfunctional attitude
and behavior, and working night shifts. (Nurul, Mira, Wan, Nurul, Nur, & Siti, 2022) For college students, stress
mostly originates as of educational assessments, personal relationships, affiliation glitches, monetary, in addition
to vocation study also. (Kritika, & Bhawna, 2020) At the organisational level, stressors can be induced from
many different sources, such as role ambiguity, interpersonal relationships, and organisational change. (Wen &
HE, 2020) Stress comes from the Latin word meaning tense or uncertain. (Norasibah, Norimah, Asmawi, Emilda,
& Ahmad, 2021) Their emotions are easy to change due to fear of being abandoned and lack of self-confidence.
(Monchanok, Katakaew, & Parichat, 2021) Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) started in late 2019 and rapidly became
a global pandemic, dramatically changing our daily lives. (Jeannie, & Daehee, 2022) Many studies were
conducted for clarifying the psychological factors related to stress, and the results revealed that psychological
factors play a significant role in the occurrence of physiological and psychological stress responses. (Kavita,
2019) Stress is a feeling of emotional or physical tension. (Manoj, & Bawthra, 2020) Stress at workplace is
5
unavoidable, but it may differ from one profession to another as well as the situation based on how
individual/person tackles it. (Dhaneesh, & Iswarya, 2023) It is an inevitable thing in human life whether it’s
personal or work life. (Jyoti, & Dr. Preeti, 2022) The effect of stress on the performance of the employee’s job
is one of the biggest problems facing us now, and this occurs in our everyday society. (Harry, 2020) The ambition
of every human being is to attain that to desire a wealthy and luxury in their life. (Ishwarya, & Dr. Amutha, 2019)
6
CHAPTER 2: CITATION (APA & MLA)
E-BOOK (APA & MLA)
APA:
Daugherty, A. K. (2019). Unstressed: How Somatic Awareness can Transform Your Body’s Stress Response
and Build Emotional Resilience. New Harbinger Publications. https://Iccn.loc.gov/2019017393
Dye, L. Burke, M. G. Mason, C. P. (2021) Mindful Strategies for Helping College Students Manage Stress: A
Guide For Higher Education Professionals. Taylors and Francis. http://lccn.loc.gov/2020044660
Hsieh, E., Kramer, E. M. (2021). Rethinking Culture in Health Communication: Social Interactions as
Intercultural Encounters. Wiley. https://Iccn.loc.gov/2020040725
James, A. (2021) Managing Stress in Secondary Schools. Routledge https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003094524
Jongsma, A. E., Peterson, L. M., Bruce, T. J. (2021) The Complete Adult Psychotherapy Treatment Planner.
Wiley. https://Iccn.loc.gov/2020025451
Kamardeen, I. (2021) Work Stress Induced Chronic Diseases in Construction. CRC Press.
https://Iccn.loc.gov/2020046260
Li, Bernhard, H. C. (2020). Managing Stress in Music Education: Routes to Wellness and Vitality. Taylor &
Francis. https://Iccn.loc.gov/2020020036
Mund, P. (2021). Culture and Resilience at Work: A Study of Stress and Hardiness Among Indian Corporate
Professionals. Taylors & Francis. https://Iccn.loc.gov/2021014611
Michael, A. T. (2023) Stress Less: A Teen’s Guide to A Calm Chill Life. American Psychological Association.
https://lccn.loc.gov/2022024549
Stapleton, P. (2019) The Science Behind Tapping: A Proven Stress Management Technique for The Mind And
Body. Hay House. https://lccn.loc.goc/2018059648
Seaward, B. L. (2020). Managing Stress: Skills for Self-Care, Personal Resiliency and Work-Life Balance in a
Rapidly Changing World. Jones & Barlett Learning. https://Iccn.loc.gov/2020020982
Saint Thomas, S. (2020). The Little Book of CBD for Self-Care: 175+ Ways to Soothe, Support, & Restore
Yourself with CBD. Adams Media. https://Iccn.loc.gov/2020011314
Seaward, B. L. (2021). Essentials of Managing Stress During Times of Pandemics: A Primer. Jones & Bartlett
Learning. https://Iccn.loc.gov/2020056037
Seponara, A. (2022). The Anxiety Healer’s Guide: Coping Strategies and Mindfulness Techniques to Calm the
Mind and Body. S&S/Simon Element. https://Iccn.loc.gov/2021030891
7
Young, M. V. (2023) Nonprofit Work Is Killin’ Me: Mitigating Chronic Stress and Vicarious Trauma In Social
Service Organization. McFarland and Company, Inc. https://lccn.loc.gov/2022059889
MLA:
Daugherty, Alane K.. Unstressed: How Somatic Awareness Can Transform Your Body’s Stress Response and
Build Emotional Resilience. New Harbinger Publications, 2019. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-
Publication Data.
Dye, Lacretia. Burke, Monica, Galloway. And Mason, Cynthia, Palmer. Taylor & Francis, 2021. Library of
Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.
Hsieh, Elaine, and Kramer, Eric M.. Rethinking Culture in Health Communication: Social Interactions as
Intercultural Encounters. Wiley, 2021. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
James, Anthony. Managing stress In Secondary Schools. Routledge, 2021. Library of congress Cataloguing-in-
Publication Data.
Jongsma, Arthur E., et al. The Complete Adult Psychotherapy Treatment Planner. Wiley, 2021. Library of
Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
Kamardeen, Imriyas. Work Stress Induced Chronic Diseases in Construction: Discoveries Using Data
Analystic. CRC Press, 2021. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
Li, Bernhard, H. Christian. Managing Stress in Music Education: Routes to Wellness and Vitality. Taylor &
Francis, 2020. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
Mund, Pallabi. Culture and Resilience at Work: A Study of Stress and Hardiness Among Indian Corporate
Professionals. Taylor & Francis, 2021. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
Stapleton, Peta. The Science Behind Tapping: A Proven Stress Management Technique for The Mind and
Body. Hay House, 2019. Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication /data.
Seaward, Brian Luke. Managing Stress: Skills for Self-Care, Personal Resiliency and Work-Life Balance in a
Rapidly Changing World. Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2020. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-
Publication Data.
Saint Thomas, Sophie. The Little Book of CBD for Self-Care: 175+ Ways to Soothe, Support, & Restore
Yourself with CBD. Adams Media, 2020. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
Seaward, Brian Luke. Essentials of Managing Stress During Times of Pandemic: A Primer. Jones & Bartlett
Learning, 2021. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
8
Seponara, A. (2022). The Anxiety Healer’s Guide: Coping Strategies and Mindfulness Techniques to Calm the
Mind and Body. S&S/Simon Element. https://Iccn.loc.gov/2021030891
Thompkins, Michael, A. Stress Less: A Teen’s Guide to A Calm Chill Life. American Psychological Association,
2023. Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.
Young, Morghan, Velez. Nonprofit Work Is Killin’ Me: Mitigating Chronic Stress and Vicarious Trauma In Social
Service Organization. McFarland & Company, Inc, 2023. Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-
Publication Data.
JOURNAL (APA & MLA)
APA:
Dhaneesh R., & Iswarya V. S. (2023). Stress Management Intervention Program for teaching Staff at Private
Engineering Colleges in Tamil Nadu to Improve their Job Performance and Well-Being. Rajagiri
Management Journal, 17(3), 2023, DOI:10.1108/RAMJ-02-2023-0051.
Fadli Fizari Abu Hassan Asari, Azlina Mat Saad, Ar-Rayyan Fikri Fadli Fizari, Irhamna Fikri Fadli Fizari, Azlina
Zid, & Salwani Affandi. (2023). Stress Management During PH.D. Studies: A Share of Real
Experiences. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counselling (IJEPC), 8(51). DOI:
10.35631/IJEPC.851011.
Harry J. (2020). Stress Management and Employee Performance. European Journal of Human Resources
Management Studies, 4(1), DOI:10.5281/zenodo.3732204.
Ishwarya S., & Dr. Amutha T. (2019). Stress Management in Healthcare Sector. Journal of Management
Research and Analysis (JMRA), 2(11), https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358166090.
Jyoti K., & Dr. Preeti C. (2022). Work Stress Management an Organization with the Role of HRM. Journal of
Positive School Psychology, 6(2), http://journalppw.com.
Jeannie K., & Daehee P. (2022). Stress Management Design Guideline with Smart Devices during Covid-19.
Achieves of Design Research. Vol. 35, no. 4, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15187/adr.2022.11.35.4.115.
Kavita D. (2019). Stress Management: An Overview. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(1).
https://www.phytojournal.com/achives/2019/vol8issue1/Partx/8-1-140-254.
Kritika Khandelwal, & Bhawna Chahar. (2020). A Study of Stress Management Strategies Adopted by College
Students in Jaipur City. Journal pf Critical Reviews, 7(15).
https://www.jereview.com/admin/Uploads/Files/61dc1e25770ed3.12789018.pdf.
Manoj Kumar A., & Bawthra R. (2020). A Study on Stress Management Strategies of Studies. Asian Journal of
Sciences and Technology, 11(1), http://www.journalajst.com.
9
Monchanok C., Katekaew S., & Parichat O. (2021). Effect of Stress Management Training for the Elderly in
Rural Northen Thailand. The Open Public Health Journal,14(63), DOI:10.2147/1874944502114010062.
Nurulabilah Shaare, Mira Aishwarya Ain Mira Hussein, Wan Khayrina Sofiya Mohd Hasnurizal, Nurul Illya
Batrisya Aziz, Nur ‘Aina Samaniah Osman, & Siti Musliha Mohd Idris. (2022). A Review of Job Stress
and Its Influence on Health-Related Risk. International Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business
(IJABC), 7(42). DOI: 10.55573/IJAFB.
Norasibah Abdul Jalil, Norimah Rambeli @ Ramli, Asmawi Hashim, Emilda Hashim & Ahmad Zainal Abidin
Abd Razak. (2023). Stress Management: Which is Better Method? A Comparative Analysis Between
the Periods of Before-During Covid-19 Pandemic. Management Research Journal, 12(1). DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37134/mrj.vol12.1.4.2023.
Sujaritha J., Deepa N., Nandhini J., Vandhana V., & Mahalakshmi D. (2022). Stress and Stress Management:
A Review. Indian Journal of Natural Sciences ,13(73).
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365488803_Stress_and_Stress_Management_A_Review.
Tojue, O. G., Audu, O. L., & Nnamani, J. N. (2023). Effect of Stress Management techniques on employee job
performance in manufacturing firms in Nigeria. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews,
18(2). DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.
Wen K., & HE Yanna. (2020). Stressor and Stress Management of Chinese International Students in South
Korea during the Covid-19 Outbreak. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 14(4).
MLA:
Dhaneesh R. et. al. “Stress Management Intervention Program for teaching Staff at Private Engineering
Colleges in Tamil Nadu to Improve their Job Performance and Well-Being”. Rajagiri Management
Journal, vol. 17, no. 3, 2023, DOI:10.1108/RAMJ-02-2023-0051. Accessed 15 Dec. 2023.
Fadli Fizari Abu Hassan Asari et. al. “Stress Management During PH.D. Studies: A Share of Real
Experiences”. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counselling (IJEPC), vol. 8, no. 51,
2023, DOI: 10.35631/IJEPC.851011. Accessed 9 Dec. 2023.
Harry J. “Stress Management and Employee Performance”. European Journal of Human Resources
Management Studies, vol. 4, no. 1, DOI:10.5281/zenodo.3732204. Accessed 16 Dec. 2023.
Ishwarya S. et. al. “Stress Management in Healthcare Sector”. Journal of Management Research and Analysis
(JMRA), vol. 2, no. 1, 2019, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358166090. Accessed 15 Dec.
2023.
Jyoti K. et. al. “Work Stress Management an Organization with the Role of HRM”. Journal of Positive School
Psychology, vol. 6, no. 2, 2022, http://journalppw.com. Accessed 15 Dec. 2023.
Jeannie K. et. al. “Stress Management Design Guideline with Smart Devices during Covid-19”. Achieves of
Design Research, vol. 35, no. 4, 2022, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15187/adr.2022.11.35.4.115.
Accessed 9 Dec. 2023.
Kritika Khandelwal et. al. “A Study of Stress Management Strategies Adopted by College Students In Jaipur
City”. Journal of Critical Reviews, vol. 7, no. 15, 2020,
https://www.jereview.com/admin/Uploads/Files/61dc1e25770ed3.12789018.pdf. Accessed 9 Dec.
2023.
10
Kavita D. “Stress Management : An Overview”. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, vol. 8, no. 1,
2019, https://www.phytojournal.com/achives/2019/vol8issue1/Partx/8-1-140-254. Accessed 9 Dec.
2023.
Manoj Kumar A. et. al. “A Study on Stress Management Strategies of Studies”. Asian Journal of Sciences and
Technology, vol. 11, no. 1, 2020, http://www.journalajst.com. Accessed 15 Dec. 2023.
Mahalakshmi et. al. “Stress and Stress Management: A Review.” Indian Journal of Natural Sciences, vol. 13,
no.73,2022,
https://researchgate.net/publication/365488803_Stress_and_Stress_Management_A_Review.
Accessed 7 Dec. 2023.
Monchanok c. et. al. “Effect of Stress Management Training for the Elderly in Rural Northern Thailand”. The
Open Public Health Journal, vol. 14, no. 63, 2021, DOI:10.2174/1874944502114010062. Accessed 9
Dec. 2023.
Nurul Nabilah Shaare et. al.” A Review of Job Stress and Its Influence on Health-Related Risk”. International
Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business (IJAFB), vol. 7, no. 42, 2022, DOI: 10.55573/IJAFB.
Accessed 9 Dec. 2023.
Norasibah Abdul Jalil et. al. “Stress Management: Which is Better Method? A Comparative Analysis Between
the Periods of Before-During Covid-19 Pandemic “. Management Research Journal, vol. 12, no. 1,
2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.37134/mrj.vol12.1.4.2023. Accessed 9 Dec. 2023.
Tojue, O. G. et. al. “Effect of Stress Management techniques on employee Job performance in manufacturing
firms in Nigeria”. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, vol. 18, no. 2, 2023, DOI:
10.30574/wjarr. Accessed 7 Dec. 2023.
Wen K. et. al. “Stressors and Stress Management of Chinese International Students in South Korea during the
Covid-19 Outbreak”. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, vol. 14, no. 4, 2020,
https://www.ijicc.net/images/Vol_14/Iss_4/14438_Kankan_2020_E_R.pdf. Accessed 9 Dec. 2023.
CHAPTER 3: CONCLUSION
Not all stress is bad. (Michael, 2023) In fact, life without stress would be pretty boring, unrewarding, and
uninspiring. (Michael, 2023) That’s because most stress id the positive kind of stress. (Michael, 2023) By this
point in the book, many readers want to know what they can individually do to mitigate the fallout from chronic
stress and vicarious trauma stemming from their current nonprofit community-based social services careers.
(Young, 2023) It may be unusual to find a training manual which matches theory to practice. We all need
explanations about why we are doing what we are doing and why it should work. (James, 2021) Because TFT
is a self-help treatment, it is considered to be easy to disseminate through the development if community-based
partnership of trained mental-health practitioners and trained community leaders. (Stapleton, 2019) an example
of this mind-body connection is how your body responds to stress and worry. (Dye, Burke, & Mason, 2021.) The
following questions concern whether you experience health problems including physical and psychological
ailments, whether diagnosed or not, due to work stress. (Kamardeen, 2021) Once you perceive and make
11
meaning of a perception, again within or beyond conscious awareness, you immediately respond with a
physiological imprint, or an embodied response of the emotional evaluation you attach to that meaning.
(Daugherty, 2019) We view story and storytelling not as simple descriptions of factual or fictional events but as
a process of sense-making in a social world. (Hsieh, & Kramer, 2021) One important aspect of effective
treatment planning is that each plan should be tailored to the individual client's problems and needs. (Jongsma,
Peterson, & Bruce, 2021) The challenge can be particularly acute for music teachers and their students, who
not only belong to school systems starting early each morning, but often have before-school rehearsals or other
activities, when sleep has not been fully completed, or after-school obligations that interfere with natural napping
needs. (Li, 2020)
In the present competitive and target-oriented world, controlling stress among professionals and having a healthy
life is of utmost importance. (Mund, 2021) Psychophysiology is the term used to describe the body's
physiological reaction to perceived stressors, suggesting that the stress response is a mind-body phenomenon.
(Seaward, 2020) Right now, most of the research on CBD concerns its anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety effects,
but these two sides of CBD allow for a number of supplementary benefits that you can use to enhance your self-
care practice. (Saint Thomas, 2020) Stress has been linked to all the leading causes of death, including heart
disease, cancer, lung ailments, accidents, cirrhosis, and suicide. (Seaward, 2021) It took a lot of trial and error
to establish what healing tools worked best for me, and I continue to learn as life happens. (Seponara, 2022)
For many people, exercise can be a useful part of a psychological intervention, and it should be suggested to
those who are suffering with acute, acute episodic or chronic stress. (Sujaritha, Deepa, Nandhini, Vandhana, &
Mahalakshmi, 2022) The study concluded that there was positive and significant effect of stress management
techniques on performance of employee of manufacturing firms in Enugu State Nigeria. (Tojue, Audu, &
Nnamani, 2023) Each person has responded to stress in their own unique way, using a variety of coping
mechanisms. (Fadli, Azlina, Ar-Rayyan, Irhamna, Azlina, & Salwani, 2023) Based on the information gathered
from the articles, we can infer that job stress can have a detrimental influence on an individual's life. (Nurul,
Mira, Wan, Nurul, Nur, & Siti, 2022) Data suggests that college students were vigorous in dealing with stress
and determined to overcome by various strategies such as spends time with friends, trip planned etc. (Kritika,
& Bhawna, 2020)
12
Additionally, we found that most of the stress management strategies at the organisational level belong to the
contributions of primary prevention, while most stress management strategies at the individual level target
secondary prevention. (Wen, & HE, 2020) The objective of this study is to identify the level of stress of UPSI
students in the periods Before and During COVID-19 and to determine the level of stress experienced by the
students during the implementation of the Face-to-Face and Online teaching methods. (Norasibah, Norimah,
Asmawi, Emilda, & Ahmad, 2023) The activities, including self-practice massage, stress management, and
meditation with deep breathing exercise, help elders relax physically and mentally and promote good health
among them. (Manchanok, Katekaew, & Parichat, 2021) The COVID-19 outbreak amplified our already steadily
increasing stress among the general population. (Jeannie, & Daehee, 2022) There are numerous emotional
and physical disorders that have been linked to stress including depression, anxiety, heart attacks, stroke,
hypertension, immune system disturbances that increase susceptibility to infections, a host of viral linked
disorders ranging from the common cold and herpes to AIDS and certain cancers, as well as autoimmune
diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. (Kavita, 2019) Stress is the body’s natural response to
challenges. (Manoj, & Bawthra, 2020) Research focused mostly on how workplace stress affects productivity.
(Dhaneesh, & Iswarya, 2023) The study revealed that the high-level designated employees experience low
stress and vice versa. (Jyoti, & Dr. Preeti, 2022) Stress is at the centre of several challenges bedevilling
employee in the workplace, it cannot be eliminated hence the need to manage it to ensure efficiency and
effectiveness of the workforce, organization should ensure that their work environment is in order, jobs are
designed to accommodate employee and policies that make for flexibility in workplace should be put in place.
(Harry, 2020) The participants’ mental-emotional health is affected by their work environment, since positive re-
assessment, quitting and seeking social support are factors that could affect their physical, mental and social
well-being. (Ishwarya, & Dr. Amutha, 2019)
13
iii. APPENDICES
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