NLP Pyq

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NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING

PYQ
5 MARKS

1. Differentiate between Syntactic ambiguity and Lexical Ambiguity.


2. Define affixes. Explain the types of affixes.
3. Describe open-class words and closed-class words in English with examples.
4. What is rule-based machine translation?
5. Explain the perplexity of any language model.
6. Consider the following corpus

<s> I tell you to sleep and rest </s>


<s> I would like to sleep for an hour </s>
<s> Sleep helps one to relax </s>

List all possible bigrams. Compute conditional probabilities and predict the
next ord for the word “to”.

7. Explain Yarowsky bootstrapping approach of semi-supervised learning


8. What are the limitations of the Hidden Markov Model?
9. Explain the different steps in text processing for Information Retrieval
10. Explain the challenges of Natural Language processing
11. Explain how the N-gram model is used in spelling correction
12. Explain three types of referents that complicate the reference resolution
problem
13. Explain Machine Translation Approaches used in NLP.
14. Explain the various stages of Natural Language processing. What is Natural
language processing (NLP)? Discuss various stages involved in NLP process
with suitable example.
15. What is morphology? Why do we need to do Morphological Analysis? Explain
derivational & inflectional morphology in detail with suitable examples.
16. Discuss the challenges of text preprocessing.
17. Illustrate with suitable example different levels of NLP.
18. Identify the morphological type (noun phrase, verb phrase, adjective
phrase)of the following sentence segments.

1. that happy puppy


2. the brightest
3. leave Boston in the morning

4. the building on the corner


5. a cheap restaurant

19. Explain Regular Expression


10 MARKS

1. Explain the role of FSA in morphological analysis. Explain FST in detail.

Explain morphological parsing with FST

2. Explain the Different stages involved in NLP process with suitable example
3. What is POS tagging? Discuss various challenges faced by POS tagging.

Discuss various approaches to perform POS tagging.

What is POS? Explain Stochastic POS tagging.

4. What is parsing? Explain Top-down and bottom-up approach of parsing with a


suitable example. Compare top-down and bottom-up approach of parsing with
example
5. What do you mean by word sense disambiguation (WSD)? Discuss the
dictionary-based approach for WSD.
6. Explain Hobbs’s algorithm for pronoun resolution.
7. Explain Text summarization in detail.

What is Text Summarization? Explain different types of Text


Summarization techniques with example.

8. What is stemming? Explain Porter's stemming algorithm with suitable


examples.
9. Represent output of morphological analysis for Regular verb, Irregular verb,
singular noun, and plural noun. Also, Explain the Role of FST in Morphological
Parsing with an example
10. Explain the ambiguities associated at each level with example for Natural
Language processing
11. Describe in detail the Centering Algorithm for reference resolution.
12. Explain information retrieval versus Information extraction systems
13. Explain the Maximum Entropy Model for POS Tagging
14.

For the given above corpus,

N: Noun [Martin, Justin, Will, Spot, Pat]

M: Modal verb [can, will]

V: Verb [ watch, spot, pat]

Create a Transition Matrix and emission Probability Matrix

The statement is “Justin will spot Will”

Apply the Hidden Markov Model and do POS tagging for the given statement

15. Elaborate CFG with a suitable example. Explain potential problems in CFG.

Explain CFG with a suitable example. Discuss the following potential


problems in CFG such as 1) Agreement 2) Sub categorization 3) Movement

16. Explain with suitable example following relationships between word meanings.
Homonymy, Polysemy, Synonymy, Antonymy, Hypernomy, Hyponomy,
Meronomy
17. What is semantic analysis? Why semantic analysis is difficult? Explain
various approaches to perform semantic analysis.
18. What is a language model? Write a note on the N-Gram language model.

Describe the N-gram language model. List the problems associated with the
N-gram model.
19. Explain derivational & inflectional morphology in detail with suitable
examples.
20.Define discourse & pragmatic analysis. Discuss reference resolution problem
in detail.

Explain Discourse reference resolution in detail.

21. Explain Text Classification in detail. Define Text Classification and explain
its types
22.What do you mean by lexical ambiguity and syntactic ambiguity in Natural
language? What are the different ways to resolve these ambiguities?
23.

24.Write a note on :
a. Sentiment Analysis.
b. Text summarization.
c. Wordnet.
d. Information Retrieval
e. Machine translation
f. Parsing
g. Lemmatization
h. Ambiguities
i. Regular Expression
j. Inflectional and Derivational Morphology
k. Generic NLP system
l. Text Classification
m. Noun Phrases
n. Affective Lexicons
o.
25.Explain lexicon, lexeme, and the different types of relations that hold
between lexemes.

What are Lexical Semantics and Lexemes? Explain the relation between
different lexemes.

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