2021 ABE Board Exam Review

Area 3

Rural Electrification
Feb. 14, 2020
1. It is the energy required to move a unit charge through an element.
a. Current
b. Charge
c. Voltage
d. NOTA
Current – rate at which electrical charge flows.
Charge – an electrical property of the atomic particles of the which matter consists

2. Current that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its
temperature rating.
a. Nominal current
b. Direct current
c. Ampacity
d. Alternating current
Nominal current – normal use of current in a system or device.
Direct current – unidirectional or non-variant current flow.
Alternating current – characterized by an alternating current flow in two directions

3. Maximum current required to start the motor.

a. Ampacity
b. Locked-rotor current
c. Peak current
d. Direct current
Ampacity – current that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding
its temperature rating.
Peak current – maximum amount of current which output is capable of sourcing brief periods of time.

4. Rotating part of electric motor which is typically constructed of a laminated steel core containing
current-carrying copper wires.
a. Rotor
b. Stator
c. Generator
d. NOTA
Stator – stationary part of electric motor consisting of copper windings which is placed in a laminated iron
core.
Generator – device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy for use in an external circuit.
5. A type of DC motor in which the field windings is connected parallel with the armature.
a. Shunt-wound motor
b. Series-wound motor
c. Compound-wound motor
d. Synchronous
Series-wound motor – a type of DC motor in which the field windings is connected parallel with the
armature.
Compound-wound motor – a type of DC motor which has a series-field and shunt-field windings.
Synchronous – A type of AC motor capable of raising the power factor of systems having large induction-
motor loads.

6. Electrical equipment such as alternators, generators and electric motors operate based on what law?
a. Kirchhoff’s Law
b. Electromagnetism
c. Ohm’s Law
d. Newton’s Law
Kirchhoff’s Law: KVL – net voltage around a close circuit is zero.
KCL – sum of the current in a node must be equal to zero.
Ohm’s Law – states that the current flowing in a circuit varies directly with electrical pressure (Voltage)
and inversely in the opposition (Resistance).
Newton’s Law – Law of interaction, acceleration and inertia.

7. It is a variable resistor used to control current.

a. Potentiometer
b. Rheostat
c. Wirewound type
d. Carbon film type
Potentiometer – a common variable resistor having a three-terminal element with a sliding contact or wiper
used to control voltage.
Wirewound type – a type of resistor with a special type of wire called resistance wire.
Carbon film type – a type of resistor made by depositing thin layer of carbons.

8. Contact device installed at the outlet for connection of a single attachment plug.
a. Raceways
b. Receptacles
c. Switch
d. Conduit pipe
Raceways – are channels or wiring accessories so designed for holding wires, cables or busbars that are
either made of metal, plastic or insulating mediums.
Switch – device or group of devices or other means by which the electric motor can be disconnected from
the power supply.
Conduit pipe – most common type of electrical raceways used in all types of construction.
9. According to PEC, the maximum load to be served by the branch circuit conductors must not be
more than ____ of the ampacity of the conductors.
a. 60%
b. 70%
c. 80%
d. 90%
10. A type of cable that is a fabricated assembly of insulated conductors enclosed in flexible metal
sheath. It is use both on exposed and concealed work.
a. Armored cable
b. Metal clad cable
c. Mineral insulated cable
d. Non-metallic sheathed cable
Metal clad cable – is a factory assembled cable of one or more conductors each individually insulated and
enclosed in a metallic sheath of interlocking tape of a smooth or corrugated tube.
Mineral insulated cable – a factory assembled of one or more conductors insulated with highly compressed
refractory mineral insulation enclosed in a liquid and gas tight continuous copper sheath.
Non-metallic sheathed cable – a factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors having a moisture
resistant, flame retardant and non-metallic material outer sheath.

Feb. 16, 2020

Part 1:
1. It is an electrical element which consists of a coil of conducting wire.
a. Inductance
b. Inductor
c. Henry
d. None of the above
Inductance – property of an inductor to oppose current change.
Henry – unit of inductance.

2. It is an electrical element that acts as a switch but without physical contact and also amplifies the
signal passing through it.
a. Capacitor
b. Inductor
c. Transistor
d. Diode
Capacitor – an electrical element that stores energy in an electrostatic field.
Inductor – an electrical element which consists of a coil of conducting wire.
Diode – an electrical element that acts as a one-way switch allowing current to flow in one direction only.

3. Across an inductor, the voltage is proportional to _______.

a. Current
b. Rate of change of current
c. Resistance
d. None of the above

4. In a capacitor, the current is directly proportional to ________.

a. Voltage
b. Rate of change of voltage
c. Resistance
d. Inductance

5. Which of the following quantity does the multitester cannot measure?

a. AC Voltage
b. DC Voltage
c. AC Current
d. DC Current
6. It is an electrical instrument that records the electrical energy consumption of an electrical
equipment.
a. Multitester
b. Power factor meter
c. Kilowatt-hour meter
d. Wattmeter
Multitester – capable of measuring current, voltage and resistance
Power factor meter – measures the power factor of a transmission system.
Wattmeter – measure the electrical power.

7. Define by the NEC as all circuit conductors between the service equipment or the generator
switchboard of an isolated plant, and the final branch circuit over current device.
a. Feeder
b. Panel board
c. Service entrance
d. None of the above
Panel board – a component of an electricity supply system that divides an electrical power feed into
subsidiary circuits while providing a protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit in a common
enclosure.
Service entrance – defined as the portion of the supply conductors which extends from the street main duct
or transformer to the service or switch board of the building supply

8. Size of AWG No. 10 wire is:

a. 2.0 mm2
b. 3.5 mm2
c. 5.5 mm2
d. 8.0 mm2
AWG No. 14 – 2.0 mm2
AWG No. 12 – 3.5 mm2
AWG No. 8 – 8.0 mm2

9. The second best choice of electric wire and cables by manufacturers is:
a. Cesium
b. Silver
c. Aluminum
d. Copper
Silver – best conductor to use but high cost prevents it from being commonly used except for switch
contacts.
Cesium – best known conductor of electricity but reacts with air and water (disintegrate) and make them
useless for making connections in an electric circuit.
Copper – usual choice for conductor on commercial scale.

10. The term given to insulated stranded wire.

a. Solid wire
b. Stranded wire
c. Cord
d. Cables
Solid wire – consist of one wire
Stranded wire – consists of group of wires twisted to form a metallic string.
Cables – consists of two or more insulated wires and a bare ground wire with a protective jacket and are
larger than wires

Part 2:
1. A type of AC motor wherein the rotor or secondary windings consists merely of 28 identical copper
or cast-aluminum bars solidly connected to conducting end wings on each end.
a. Wound-rotor
b. Squirrel-cage
c. Synchronous
d. Compound-wound motor
Wound-rotor – type of AC motor wherein secondary windings are wound with discrete conductors with the
same number of poles as the primary winding on the stator.
Synchronous - A type of AC motor capable of raising the power factor of systems having large induction-
motor loads.
Compound-wound motor - a type of DC motor which has a series-field and shunt-field windings.

2. The maximum value of torque produced by the motor during overload without stalling.
a. Locked-rotor torque
b. Pull-up torque
c. Breakdown torque
d. Full-load torque
Locked-rotor torque – motor torque at zero speed or the maximum torque available to start the load.
Pull-up torque – the lowest value of torque produced by the motor between zero and full-load speed.
Full-load torque – torque output at rated speed.

3. An electrical switch which is operated mechanically by the movement of some other piece of
material or machine.
a. Limit switch
b. Pressure switch
c. Float switch
d. Time switch
Pressure switch – use to automatic control switch to limit the pressure of a gas or liquid.
Float switch – an automatic control that operates according to some predetermined level.
Time switch – it is an electric clock that automatically operates switch contacts at definite time intervals.
4. According to the guideline, for each area of this size, one 20-ampere circuit must be provided.
a. 32 m2
b. 24 m2
c. 46 m2
d. 48 m2
For every 32 m2 area, provide one 15-A circuit

5. For small appliances circuit in residence, a load of this amount must be assumed.
a. 1,500 kW
b. 1,550 W
c. 1.5 kW
d. 1.6 Amperes

6. Service entrance must have ampacity rate equal or greater than the calculated value. Common size
includes the following except:
a. 200 A
b. 50 A
c. 60 A – minimum service entrance size
d. 150 A

7. In a capacitive circuit, the current _____ voltage.

a. Leads
b. Lags
c. Is in-phase with
d. Is in out-of-phase with

8. It is a quantity that opposes the alternating current. It is the combined effect of resistances, inductive
reactance and capacitive reactance.
a. Friction
b. Total resistance
c. Total reactance
d. Impedance

9. What it the unit of a reactive power?

a. Volt-Ampere – unit of apparent power
b. Volt-Ampere Reactive
c. Watts – unit of true/active power
d. Horsepower

10. It is a process of reversing the polarity of the rotating armature.

a. Armature
b. Commutation
c. Rotor rotation
d. Magnetism
Feb. 18, 2021
1. It protects the motor due to its built-in overload device that automatically trips the switch in case
too much current will flow to the motor.
a. Motor-starting switch
b. Magnetic-starting switch
c. Reduce-voltage starters
d. None
Magnetic-starting switch - used for 1 hp to large size motor which incorporates into one unit the principle
of relay coil, the overload heater strip, and the pushbutton control.
Reduce-voltage starter - used to apply reduce voltage to the motor when the motor is starting and then apply
full voltage after the motor has gained sufficient speed.

2. A 40W fluorescent lamp produces 3,000 lumens of light in a room with a dimension of 3m by 5m.
What is the illumination of the floor?
a. 200 lx
b. 40 fc
c. 200 fc
d. 50 lx
Illumination = Lumens/A = 3000 lm/ (3m x 5m)
Illumination = 200 lm/m2 = 200 lx

3. Determine the monthly electrical consumption of a farm residence having the following loads: one
1200-watts electric iron with 2 hours usage; one 1000-watt water heater with 3 hours usage; and
one 1300-watt toaster with 30 minutes usage.
a. 4.05 kw-hour
b. 5.05 kw-hour
c. 6.05 kw-hour
d. None of the above
E = PEI + PWH + PT = 1.2kW(2hrs) + 1kW(3hrs) + 1.3kW(30/60 hr)
E = 6.05 kW-hr

4. Indication of how much work can be accomplished in a specified amount of time is:
a. Work – F*m = J
b. Power – W/t = J/s
c. Voltage – J/C or volts
d. Current – C/s or ampere

5. In a 3-phase Y-configuration system,

a. line current and the phase current are equal
b. line voltage and phase voltage are equal – for delta config
c. phase current always lags the phase voltage
d. phase voltage always lags the phase current

6. Recommended light level or illumination for machine shed.

a. 50 lx
b. 50 fc
c. 100 lx
d. 100 fc
Source: UPLB Review notes (Electrification)

7. Recommended light level or illumination for feeding area for dairy barns.
a. 110 lx
b. 110 fc
c. 220 lx
d. 220 fc
Source: UPLB Review notes (Electrification)

8. A swine house, having a dimension of 20-ft wide by 60-ft long, requires an illumination of 200 lux.
If a 25-watts fluorescent lamp with lighting intensity of 100lumen is provided, how many bulbs
will be needed for the structure?
a. 293 bulbs
b. 323 bulbs
c. 423 bulbs
d. 223 bulbs
No. of bulbs (n) = Maintained illumination / lamp illumination
lamp illumination = 100 lumen / (20ft*60ft)
lamp illumination = (0.08333 lm/ft2)*(3.28ft/1m)2 = 0.8965 lx
n = 200lx / 0.8965lx
n = 223 bulbs

9. It is the electrical pressure that cause the electron to move through a conductor.
a. Voltage
b. Potential difference
c. Electromotive force
d. All of the above

10. A circuit having two inductors, 75 microH and 125 microH is connected in series. Determine the
total inductance of the circuit.
a. 200 microH
b. 213.3 microH
c. 46.875 microH
d. None
LT = L1 + L2  Series inductors
LT = (75 + 125) microH = 200 microH

11. Find the total capacitance of two 10-microF capacitors connected in parallel.
a. 20 microF
b. 5 microF
c. 0.1 microF
d. 10 microF
CT = C1 + C2  Parallel capacitors
CT = (10 + 10) microF = 20 microF
12. In a simple circuit, when measuring the current in the line by a multimeter, the probe should be
connected in ________ with the line.
a. series
b. parallel – for measuring voltage
c. series-parallel
d. wye-delta

13. It is an instrument for measuring high AC voltages.

a. Voltmeter – for measuring low AC voltages
b. Instrument potential transformer
c. Multitester - for measuring V,R,I
d. None

14. What is the frequency of a voltage sine wave with a period of 0.05 second?
a. 1 Hz
b. 3 Hz
c. 20 Hz
d. 50 Hz
f = 1/T = 1/0.05sec = 20 Hz

15. Calculate the capacitive reactance of a 0.1 millifarad capacitor at 120V, 60 Hz source.
a. 37.70 ohms
b. 37.70 kilo-ohms
c. 26.53 ohms
d. 26.53 kilo-ohms
1 1
XC = = = 26.53 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠
2𝜋∗𝑓∗𝐶 2𝜋∗60𝐻𝑧∗0.1𝑥10−3 𝐹

Feb. 19, 2021

1. The flow of current in DC is from _____.
a. Negative to positive
b. Positive to negative
c. Negative to negative
d. None

2. It is a thermometer used to measure temperature generated by the difference in voltage between the
junction of two dissimilar metals.
a. Bimetallic thermometer
b. Thermocouple thermometer
c. Thermo-anemometer
d. All of the above

3. A 2-m x 10-m space is supplied with a light of 400 lux. How many foot-candle does a lamp provide
into the space, assuming a coefficient of utilization of 0.80 and a service factor of 0.7.
a. 25.82 foot-candle
b. 12.82 foot-candle
c. 20.82 foot-candle
d. 10.82 foot-candle

Illumination (fc) = Maintained illumination * CU * SF

fc = (400 lm/m2) (1m/3.28ft)2 (0.80)(0.70)
fc = 20.82 fc
Note: 1 lx = 1lm/m2

4. Ohms law states that:

a. I = V/R
b. I = V/Z
c. All of the above
d. None

5. A 12-ampere air-moving device with a power factor of 0.85 was connected to a 240-volt line. What
is the power in the circuit?
a. 2,200 watts
b. 2,448 watts
c. 2,848 watts
d. None of the above

P = pf(V*I) = (0.85)(240V * 12A)

P = 2448W

6. Two-twenty (220) volt line is advantageous over the 120 volt line for the reason that
______________.
a. economy is attained by using smaller wire
b. there is lower power loss
c. there is smaller percentage of power drop
d. All of the above

7. It is a simple static device consisting of a magnetic core wherein primary and secondary windings
are made and is used to increase or reduce voltages.
a. Circuit breaker – overcurrent protection devices
b. Transformer
c. Inverter – convert DC to AC
d. None of the above

8. An electrical conductor consisting of group of wires twisted to form a metallic string.

a. Wire
b. Cable
c. Stranded wire
d. None of the above

9. Factors affecting illumination:

a. Brightness
b. Contrast
c. Diffuseness
d. All of the above

10. In an inductive circuit, the inductance is 1.5 H. What is the inductive resistance at 50 Hz source?
a. 471 ohms
b. 416 ohms
c. 461 ohms
d. 417 ohms
XL = (2*pi)(f)(L) = (2*pi)(50Hz)(1.5H)
XL = 471.24 ohms

11. Find the total impedance of a series circuit containing two 25-ohm resistors and an 75-ohm
inductive reactance.
a. 125 ohms
b. 90 ohms
c. 50 ohms
d. 100 ohms

Z = √(𝑅𝑇 )2 + (𝑋𝐿 )2 = √(25𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠 + 25𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠)2 + (75𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠)2

Z = 90.14 ohms

12. The power produced by a capacitive or inductive load.

a. reactive
b. true – power produced by resistive load
c. apparent
d. None
Review RCL triangle and power triangle!
13. What is the value of the power factor for a purely resistive circuit?
a. 0
b. 1
c. 0.5
d. -1

14. What is the real power of a circuit if the apparent power is 1000VA and the reactive power is 800
VAR?
a. 1280W
b. 200W
c. 600W
d. 900W
S2 = P2 + Q2
P = √𝑆 2 − 𝑄 2 = √(1000𝑉𝐴)2 − (800𝑉𝐴𝑅)2
P = 600W
15. It is an electrical machine that converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy.
a. Generator
b. Electric motor
c. Transformers
d. None of the above

Rural Electrification – Long Quiz

Assessment for topic 1 (week1)

Easy
1. What is the standard system voltage for solar home systems?
A. 220 v B. 110 v C. 12 v D. 24 v
2. The starting current of an electric motor is ______ compared to its running current.
A. Higher B. Lower C. The same D. None of the above

3. An electrical component or device designed explicitly to have a certain magnitude of resistance.

A. Capacitor B. Resistor C. Inductor D. Magnet

4. Directly proportional to the impressed electromotive force (emf) and inversely proportional to
resistance.
A. Current B. Voltage C. Conductance D. Power

5. A closed path in a circuit in which no element or node is encountered more than once.
A. Node B. Loop C. Branch D. Mesh
Node – a junction or connection of two or more circuit elements.
Branch – any portion of a circuit with two terminals connected to it containing only a single circuit element.

6. The time interval between successive repetitions of a periodic waveform.

A. Period B. Cycle C. Frequency D. None of the above
Cycle – the portion of a waveform contained in one period of time.
Frequency – the number cycles occur in one second.

7. It is that factor by which the volt-ampere product must be multiplied in order to obtain the actual
power.
A. Service factor B. Safety factor C. Power factor D. None

8. Type of cable used for general purposes such as appliance branch circuit, and for individual branch
circuits especially in hard smooth continuous floor surface.
A. Flat cable assembly
B. Armored cable
C. Service entrance cable
D. Flat conductor cable

9. Type of outlet intended for direct connection with a lamp holder, lighting fixtures, etc.
A. Convenience outlet
B. Wall outlet
C. Lighting outlet
D. General purpose outlet

10. Refers to circuit conductors between the final over current protective device and the outlet.
A. Service entrance
B. Branch circuit
C. Short circuit
D. Electric circuit

11. An over current protective device designed to function as a switch. It is equipped with automatic
tripping device to protect the branch circuit from over load and ground fault.
A. Circuit breaker
B. Fuse
C. Switch
D. Power meter

12. It is the number of watts required by the electrical equipment in use in the building.
A. Electrical Load B. Electrical capacity C. Electrical supply D. None

13. Refers to the amount of overload the motor can tolerate continuously at rated voltage and frequency.
A. Service factor B. Power factor C. All of the above D. None

14. The best known conductor of electricity but reacts with air and water (disintegrate) making
themselves useless.
A. Aluminum B. Gold C. Silver D. Cesium

15. One mil is equivalent to:

A. 1/3000 inch B. 1/1000 inch C. 1/2000 inch D. 1000 inch

16. It is an electrical machine that convers the mechanical energy into electrical energy.
A. Generator B. Electric motor C. Transformers D. None of the above

17. It is a circuit element with resistance approaching zero.

A. Open circuit B. Short circuit C. Electric circuit D. None

18. Unit of susceptance is:

A. Ohms B. Siemens C. Ohm-m D. Ampere

19. Used to measure the quantity of electric charge.

A. Current B. Voltage C. Coulomb D. Electric field

20. Unit of magnetomotive force (mmf) is:

A. Ampere-turn B. Weber C. Tesla D. Ampere-turn per meter
Weber – magnetic flux (magnetomotive force divided by reluctance)
Tesla – magnetic field density (magnetic flux divided by area)
Medium
1. It is a type of transformer with secondary voltage is greater than its primary voltage.
A. Step-up transformer
B. Step-down transformer
C. Non-step transformer
D. None

2. It is a type of transformer that produces secondary voltages less than its primary voltage.
A. Step-up transformer
B. Step-down transformer
C. Non-step transformer
D. None

3. This happens when the electric field in a material is large enough, in which conducting paths
suddenly appear in the material. Electrons flow along one or more conducting paths, creating
electrical sparks.
A. Electrical breakdown
B. Short circuit
C. Ground
D. Electric circuit

4. These are spiraled light bulbs that far more efficient than the standard incandescent bulb. It works
by running electricity through gas inside the coils, exciting the gas and producing light.
A. Fluorescent bulb
B. Compacted fluorescent lamp
C. LED
D. Halogen lamps

5. A transformer has a 10:1 ratio. If the primary has a voltage of 120, determine the voltage on the
secondary.
A. 12 volts
B. 10 volts
C. 20 volts
D. None
𝑉𝑝 𝑁𝑝
=  Np/Ns = 10/1
𝑉𝑠 𝑁𝑠

(𝑉𝑝 )(𝑁𝑠 ) (120𝑉)(1)

𝑉𝑆 = 𝑁𝑝
= 10
= 12 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠

6. A transformer has a 8:1 ratio. If the primary has a current of 100 mA, determine the current across
the secondary.
A. 12.5 mA
B. 0.08 mA
C. 8 mA
D. 800 mA
𝐼𝑆 𝑁𝑝 𝐼 8
𝐼𝑃
= 𝑁𝑠
 100𝑚𝐴
𝑆
=1
IS = 800 mA

7. A 120-volt generator delivers 30 kilowatts to an electric furnace. The current supplied by the
generator is about:
A. 500 amps
B. 4 amps
C. 100 amps
D. 250 amps
P = VI  I = P/V = (30*1000 W)/120V
I = 250 A

8. What is power dissipated when a ½ amp current flows through a 5-ohm resistor?
A. 2 W
B. 1 W
C. 1.25 W
D. 1.5 W
P = I2R = (0.5A)2 (5ohm) = 1.25 W

9. These are control devices consisting of coils of wire acting as electromagnets that pull a plunger
(iron bar) into the core when energized.
A. Solenoids
B. Signalling devices
C. Mechanical devices
D. Sensors

10. In wye connection system having phase voltage of 440 volts and a phase current of 10 A, the line
voltage is:
A. 254 V
B. 220 V
C. 762 V
D. 440 V

VL = √3 ∗ 𝑉𝑝 = √3 ∗ 440𝑉 = 762.10 V

11. In the problem above, what is the line current?

A. 10 A
B. 5.8 A
C. 17.3 A
D. 0.2 A
For Wye config systems, line current and phase current are equal.
IL = IP = 10A
12. In a 110V, 60 hz source, determine the impedance of a combine resistor and an inductor
in series if the resistor value is 500 ohms and the inductor value is 2 Henrys.
A. 754.6 ohms
B. 500.5 ohms
C. 904.7 ohms
D. 1254 ohms
XL = 2𝜋 ∗ 𝑓 ∗ 𝐿 = (2𝜋)(60𝐻𝑧)(2𝐻) = 240𝜋
Z = √(𝑅)2 + (𝑋𝐿 )2 = √(500)2 + (240𝜋)2 = 904.70 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠

13. The capacitance of the capacitor in the starting winding of a single phase motor is 0.000125 farad.
If the connected source is 220 volts and 60 Hz and a simple circuit, what is the capacitive reactance?
A. 21.2 ohms
B. 22.1 ohms
C. 2.12 ohms
D. 2.21 ohms
1 1
XC = 2𝜋∗𝑓∗𝐶 = (2𝜋)(60𝐻𝑧)(0.000125𝐹) = 21.22 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠

14. An AC circuit has an effective value of 230 volts applied across two resistors (470 and 900 ohms)
in series. What is the voltage drop across 900-ohms resistor?
A. 230 V
B. 168 V
C. 79 V
D. 151 V
𝑅 900
V 𝑉𝑇 (𝑅 ) = (230𝑉) (470+900) = 151.09 𝑉
𝑇

15. Component of solar PV system that regulates the voltage and current coming from the PV panels
going to battery and prevents battery overcharging and prolongs the battery life.
A. PV module
B. Inverter
C. Battery
D. Solar charge controller
PV module – converts sunlight into DC electricity
Inverter – converts DC output of PV panels or wind turbine into clean AC current.
Battery – stores energy for supplying electrical appliances.

16. One application of a megger is to measure the strength of insulation resistance in ______.
A. Milli ohms
B. Mega ohms
C. Ohms
D. Kilo ohms

17. When a 2-ohm, 4-ohm and 6-ohm resistors are in wye connection, the equivalent resistors in delta
connection are:
A. 7.3, 22, 12 ohms
B. 7.3, 22, 11 ohms
C. 8.3, 22, 12 ohms
D. 8.3, 22, 11 ohms
𝑅1 𝑅2 +𝑅2 𝑅3 +𝑅1 𝑅3
Ra =
𝑅1
R1R2 + R2R3 + R1R3 = 2(4) + 4(6) + 6(2) = 44 ohms
so,
Ra = 44ohms / 2ohms = 22 ohms
Rb = 44ohms / 4ohms = 11 ohms
Rc = 44ohms / 6ohms = 7.33 ohms

18. In a 220V, 60 Hz source, determine the total impedance of a combine capacitor and inductor in
series if the capacitive reactance is 90 ohms and the inductive reactance is 200 ohms.
A. 290 ohms
B. 420 ohms
C. 110 ohms
D. 280 ohms

Z = √(𝑅)2 + (𝑋𝐿 − 𝑋𝐶 )2 No resistive load, R = 0

Z = √(200𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠 − 90𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠)2 = 110 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠

19. What is the current in the capacitor on the problem above?

A. 0.2 A
B. 2 A
C. 0.76 A
D. 1 A
IC = V/XC = 220V / 90ohms = 2.44 A

20. What is the current in the inductor on problem no. 18?

A. 0.2 A
B. 2 A
C. 0.76 A
D. 1 A
IL = V/XL = 220V / 200ohms = 1.1A

Difficult

1. If the total electric load of a certain farm residence is 145,500 watts, find the total demand load to
be considered in selecting the size of conductor wire?
A. 50,325 W
B. 53,250 W
C. 52,000 W
D. 50,200 W
Given: Total electric load (TL) = 145,500 watts
Req’d: Total demand load (TDL)
Sol’n:

(Source: UPLB Reviewer Part 3 – Electrification)

TDL = (100%∗3000𝑊)+35%(120,000𝑊−3000𝑊)+25%(145,500𝑊−120,000𝑊)
TDL = 3,000𝑊+40,950𝑊+6,375𝑊
TDL = 50,325W → Ans.

2. Determine the supply voltage of an RL circuit as shown in the figure below.

A. 120 V
B. 131 V
C. 72.25 V
D. 110 V

To solve for supply voltage in RL circuit, use vector sum:

VS = √(𝑉𝑅 )2 + (𝑉𝐿 − 𝑉𝐶 )2  Series RL circuit
VS = √(105.75𝑉)2 + (56.81𝑉)2
VS = 120.04 V

3. A wye connected system has a line voltage of 440 and a line current 10A. What is the total three-
phase apparent power if the power factor is 0.9?
A. 8.5 kVA
B. 7.24 kVA
C. 7.62 kVA
D. 6.86 kVA

S = √3 ∗ 𝑉 ∗ 𝐼 = √3 ∗ 440𝑉 ∗ 10𝐴 = 7621.024 𝑉𝐴

S = 7.62 kVA

4. Based on the previous item, what is the real power if the power factor is 0.95?
A. 8 kW
B. 7.24 kW
C. 7.62 kW
D. 8.86 kW

P = √3 ∗ 𝑉 ∗ 𝐼 ∗ 𝑝𝑓 = √3 ∗ 440𝑉 ∗ 10𝐴 ∗ 0.95 = 7239.97𝑊 = 7.24 kW

5. The percent voltage drop must not exceed 2% for a 230-volt feeder line at 20 ampere rating. If No.
14 AWG wire of 2.58 resistance in ohm/1000ft is to be used, compute for the allowable wire length
for a 2-wire feeder line.
A. 18 meters
B. 12 meters
C. 10 meters
D. 60 meters
Given: Percent voltage drop (%Vd) = 2% I = 20A
R = 2.58Ω/1000ft 2-wire feeder line
V = 230V
Req’d: Allowable wire length (L)
Sol’n:

(2∗𝐿∗𝑅∗𝐼)
Vd = → For single phase
1000
𝑉𝑑∗1000 (0.02∗230𝑉)(1000)
L= 2∗𝑅∗𝐼
= (2)(2.58)(20𝐴)
L = (44.574𝑓𝑡)(1𝑚/3.28𝑓𝑡)
L = 13.59m
Choose wire length that is equal or less than 13.59m so that the voltage drop will not exceed the allowable.
Select L = 12meters → Ans.

Check:
Allowable voltage drop (Vdallowable) = (%Vd)(V) = (0.02)(230V) = 4.6V
3.28𝑓𝑡
(2∗𝑅∗𝐿∗𝐼) (2)(12𝑚∗ )(2.58𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠)(20𝐴)
1𝑚
Voltage drop for 12m wire length (VL) = 1000
= 1000
= 𝟒. 𝟎𝟔𝟐𝑽
therefore:
VL < Vdallowable (Check!)

6. Given a 220-volt, single phase, 60Hz inductor motor which draws 7.6 amperes with a power factor
of 0.787, what parallel-connected capacitor is required to return the power factor to 1?
A. 4.67 microF
B. 47.2 microF
C. 56.3 microF
D. 22.0 microF
Given: IM = 7.6A V = 220V
f = 60Hz pf1 = 0.787 → pf2 = 1.0 (unity)
Req’d: Capacitor size (C)
Sol’n:
S = V*IM = (220V)(7.6A) = 1672W
P = V*IM*(pf) = (220V)(7.6A)(0.787) = 1315.864W
Q = √𝑆 2 − 𝑃2 = √(1672𝑊)2 − (1315.864𝑊)2 = 1031.545𝑊
XC = V2 / Q = (220V)2 / 1031.545W = 46.92 ohms
1 1 1𝑥106 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑟𝑜𝐹
C = 2𝜋∗𝑓∗𝑋 = (2𝜋)(60𝐻𝑧)(46.92𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠) ∗ 1𝐹
= 56.534 microF
𝐶
7. A 12-volts DC source supplies power to a resistor. If the current cannot be greater than 0.1 ampere
while the power of the resistor cannot be higher than 1 watt, which one will you choose among the
following resistors?
A. 100 ohms
B. 110 ohms
C. 120 ohms
D. 150 ohms

Given: V = 12V DC P not greater to 1W

I not greater to 0.1A
Req’d: Suitable resistor value ®
Sol’n:
Choose from the choices above the suitable resistor value that meets the condition (Trial & Error):
Condition:
I – cannot be greater than 0.1 A
P – cannot be greater than 1 W
then,
Select R = 150 ohms (based on trial & error)
Check:
I = V/R = 12V/150ohms = 0.08 A (Check!)
P = V2/R = (12V)2 / 150ohms = 0.96 W (Check!)
therefore:
R = 150 ohms

8. A circuit has a voltage source of 220V AC. The total load consists of a 50-ohm resistance, 86.7
inductive reactance and 86.7 capacitive reactance connected in series. What is the total current?
A. 5 A
B. 10 A
C. 20 A
D. 30 A
Given: V = 220V XL = 86.7 ohms
R = 50 ohms XC = 86.7 ohms
Req’d: Total current (I)
Sol’n:
I = V/Z
where:
Z = √(𝑅)2 + (𝑋𝐿 − 𝑋𝐶 )2 = √(50)2 + (86.7 − 86.7)^2
Z = 50 ohms
then,
I = (220V)/(50 ohms)
I = 4.4 A ≈ 5 A → Ans.

9. A poultry house has 220-volt supply, twenty-five 20-watt LED AC florescent lamps, a single phase
6-hp pump motor and scheduled to purchase a 700-watt incubator. Average ambient temperature
is 29 °C. What should be the circuit breaker amperage?
A. 20 A
B. 30 A
C. 60 A
D. Cannot be determined
P = LED power + motor power considering 30% standard motor power surge + incubator power
= 25(20w) + 6 hp (746 w/hp)(1.3) + 700 w
= 7,018.8 w
I = P/V
= 7,018.8w/220v
= 31.90A, next higher amperage available in the market is 60A

10. How much should be budgeted annually for the electrical consumption of a 30-kW coconut oil
expeller drawing 98 amperes current and having an electrical consumption of 0.05 kWh/kg copra?
It expels 500 kg of copra per hour and operates 16 h/day at 270 days/year. Electricity costs PHP
8/kWh. Use 15% cost safety factor.
A. P 1,050,000
B. P 1,650,000
C. P 995,500
D. P 993,600
Budget = (Elec. consump)(capacity of expeller)(hrs/day operation)(days per yr operation)(electricity
cost)(cost safety factor)
Budget = (0.05 kW-hr/kg)(500 kg/hr)(16hrs/day)(270days/yr)(P 8/kW-hr)(1.15)
Budget = P 993,600

SOURCE:
 Electrification notes from UPLB Reviewer
 Rural Electrification notes from UPLB Reviewer and Engr. Belonio
 Victor L. Pasado review manuals
 UPLB review manuals

Additional problems: (Source: [Link])

1.