Airigan Solutions v. (Schedule A) - Complaint
Airigan Solutions v. (Schedule A) - Complaint
v.
Plaintiff Airigan Solutions, LLC (“Airigan” or “Plaintiff”) hereby sues Defendants, the
Individuals, Partnerships, and Unincorporated Associations identified in the Caption, which are
set forth in Schedule “A” hereto (collectively “Defendants”). All of the Defendants are (i)
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promoting, selling, offering for sale and distributing goods bearing and/or using counterfeits
and/or confusingly similar imitations of Plaintiff’s registered copyrighted works, and (ii)
promoting, selling, offering for sale and distributing goods infringing Plaintiff’s patent
(collectively, the “Infringing Products”), thus unfairly competing within this district through at
Walmart.com, or Wish.com online marketplaces operating under the seller identities as set forth
on Schedule “A” hereto (the “Seller IDs”). In support of its claims, Plaintiff alleges as follows:
INTRODUCTION
1. Airigan Solutions, LLC, was founded in 2015 and is in the business of producing,
marketing and selling the patented NEGG® brand egg peeler, which was launched in 2015.
2. The genuine NEGG ® brand egg peeler (Fig. 1, below) is designed so that by placing a
standard chicken egg inside with a capful of water, tightly fastening the opposing lids, and
shaking the egg peeler, the shell is punctured and cracked so that it simply peels off in one
Fig. 1 Fig. 2
The distinctive photograph of the NEGG ® brand egg peeler found on all the packaging
and on-line sales materials was posed with parsley leaves underneath the right facing side of the
egg peeler.
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3. Defendants’ sale, distribution, and advertising of their goods are highly likely to cause
consumers to believe that Defendants are offering genuine versions of Plaintiff’s Product when
in fact they are not. To illustrate, below are several examples which vividly show that the way
Defendants’ goods are marketed is designed to confuse and mislead consumers into believing
that they are purchasing Plaintiff’s Product or that the Defendants’ goods are otherwise approved
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4. Defendants’ goods are often cheaply produced and substantially inferior to Plaintiff’s
genuine products. Plaintiff’s genuine products are made from food grade plastic; it is unknown
what Defendants’ goods are made from. As poorly manufactured products, Defendants’ goods
create risks since they are intended for use with food, namely hard-boiled eggs.
5. Defendants’ goods threaten to destroy the reputation of high quality that Plaintiff’s
Products have earned. Defendants’ goods create risks as they do not appear to be of the same
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quality as the genuine goods. Plaintiff has received numerous complaints about Defendants’
goods.
Defendants’ goods and genuine Plaintiff’s Products. Numerous purchasers of Defendants’ goods
have written online reviews to complain about the quality of the Defendants’ goods believing
7. Plaintiff is also the owner of various published photographs, videos, artwork, creative
text and product instructions appearing on its web site https://neggmaker.com/. Screenshots of
Plaintiff’s Website and Amazon Store are attached to the Complaint as “Exhibit 4” (“Plaintiff’s
Work”). The combined distinct features of Plaintiff’s Product and Plaintiff’s Mark function as a
trade dress so that consumers are certain that Plaintiff is the source of the Negg® brand egg
peeler.
8. Plaintiff is the owner of source identifying trademarks, including NEGG® (Reg. No.
5,142,630 attached as Exhibit 1) and trade dress shown in Exhibit 2 that Plaintiff uses to
distinguish its unique product (“Plaintiff’s Marks”). Plaintiff owns the overall combination and
including its product insert, which are inherently distinctive and/or have acquired secondary
meaning in the mind of the purchasing public. The Plaintiff’s packaging is the subject of U.S.
Exhibit 2. Additionally, Plaintiff owns a United States patent for its unique NEGG® product,
including U.S. Patent No. 9,968,211 for PERSONAL EGG PEELER (attached as Exhibit 3).
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9. Plaintiff’s Work, Marks, and Patent make it unlawful for competitors to infringe
Plaintiff’s rights.
10. This is an action for patent infringement pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 271, federal
copyright infringement; federal unfair competition; and common law unfair competition.
Accordingly, this Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this action pursuant to 15 U.S.C. §§
1114, 1116, 1125(a), and 1125(d); and patent infringement pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 271 and The
All Writs Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1651(a). Accordingly, this Court has subject matter jurisdiction over
this action pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1121 and 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and 1338. This Court has
supplemental jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1367 over Plaintiff’s state law claims because
those claims are so related to the federal claims that they form part of the same case or
controversy.
11. This Court may exercise personal jurisdiction over a non-resident of the State in
which the Court sits to the extent authorized by the state's laws. Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(e).
Pennsylvania authorizes personal jurisdiction over the Defendant pursuant to 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. §
5322 (a) which provides in pertinent part: “A tribunal of this Commonwealth may exercise
personal jurisdiction over a person ... as to a cause of action or other matter arising from such
person: (1) Transacting any business in this Commonwealth. Without excluding other acts
which may constitute transacting business for the purpose of this paragraph: (ii) The doing of a
single act in this Commonwealth for the purpose of thereby realizing pecuniary benefit ... (3)
Causing harm or tortious injury by an act or omission in this Commonwealth. (4) Causing harm
or tortious injury by an act or omission outside this Commonwealth ... (10) Committing any
violation within the jurisdiction of the Commonwealth of any statute, home rule charter, local
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of any order of court or other government unit.” In the alternative, Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 4(k) confers personal jurisdiction over the Defendant because, upon information and
belief, Defendants regularly conduct, transact and/or solicit business in Pennsylvania and in this
judicial district, and/or derive substantial revenue from their business transactions in
Pennsylvania and in this judicial district and/or otherwise avail themselves of the privileges and
protections of the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania such that this Court's assertion of
jurisdiction over Defendants does not offend traditional notions of fair play and due process,
and/or Defendants’ illegal counterfeiting and infringing actions caused injury to Plaintiff in
Pennsylvania and in this judicial district such that Defendants should reasonably expect such
actions to have consequences in Pennsylvania and in this judicial district, for example:
directing and/or targeting their business activities at consumers in the United States,
including Pennsylvania, through on-line platforms with Merchant Storefronts (as defined
Walmart.com, or Wish.com online marketplaces, under the Seller IDs, as well as any and
all as yet undiscovered accounts with Merchant Storefronts held by or associated with
Defendants, their respective officers, employees, agents, servants and all persons in
active concert or participation with any of them (“User Accounts”), through which
consumers in the United States, including Pennsylvania, can view the one or more of
with Defendants regarding their listings for Counterfeit Products and to place orders for,
receive invoices for and purchase Counterfeit Products for delivery in the U.S., including
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Pennsylvania, as a means for establishing regular business with the U.S., including
Pennsylvania.
b. Upon information and belief, certain Defendants are sophisticated sellers, each
operating one or more commercial businesses using their respective User Accounts
through which Defendants, their respective officers, employees, agents, servants and all
manufacture, import, export, advertise, market, promote, distribute, offer for sale and/or
otherwise deal in products, including the Counterfeit Products, which are held by or
associated with Defendants, their respective officers, employees, agents, servants and all
sales to consumers all over the world, including repeat sales to consumers in the U.S. and
d. Upon information and belief, all Defendants accept payment in U.S. Dollars
and offer shipping to the U.S., including to Pennsylvania and specifically to the
consumers located in the U.S., including Pennsylvania, for the sale and shipment of
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f. Upon information and belief, Defendants are employing and benefiting from
substantially similar paid advertising and marketing and advertising strategies in order to
make their Merchant Storefronts selling illegal goods appear more relevant and attractive
to search result software across an array of search words, including but not limited to
“NEGG”, “EGG PEELER”, and “EGG CRACKER”, and “BOILED EGG PEELER”. By
their actions, Defendants are causing concurrent and indivisible harm to Plaintiff and the
consuming public by (i) depriving Plaintiff of its right to fairly compete for space within
the various on-line marketplace search results and reducing the visibility of the Plaintiff’s
Product on various on-line marketplaces and/or diluting and driving down the retail
market price for Plaintiff’s Product; (ii) causing an overall degradation of the value of the
goodwill associated with Plaintiff’s marks and goods; and (iii) increasing Plaintiff’s
overall cost to market its goods and educate consumers about brands.
plans with one another, shared information, and coordinated their efforts, all in order to
counterfeiting and infringing activities toward consumers and causing harm in Allegheny
County, Pennsylvania.
i. Upon information and belief, Defendants likely reside and/or operate in or,
though not foreign, operate out of or from foreign jurisdictions with lax trademark and
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j. Upon information and belief, Defendants are aware of Plaintiff’s Product, and
are aware that their illegal infringing actions alleged herein are likely to cause injury to
Plaintiff in the United States, in Pennsylvania and in this judicial district specifically, as
infringing goods.
3. Venue is proper, inter alia, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1391 and 28 U.S.C. § 1400(b)
a. Upon information and belief, Defendants conduct, transact, and/or solicit business
b. Upon information and belief, Defendants or their agent(s) may be found in this
c. Upon information and belief, this is a judicial district in which a substantial part of
the events or omissions giving rise to the infringement claims occurred, or a substantial part
d. Defendants not resident in the United States may be sued in this judicial district
THE PLAINTIFF
12. Plaintiff is a limited liability company organized and existing under the laws of the
State of Connecticut, having its principal place of business at 107 John Street, Suite 1-C,
13. Plaintiff sells a unique and revolutionary patented product under the federally
registered trademark NEGG® that quickly and easily peels hard boiled eggs.
14. Plaintiff has spent substantial time, money and effort in building up and developing
consumer recognition, awareness and goodwill in its NEGG® mark and NEGG® product.
15. The success of the NEGG® product is due in part to Plaintiff’s marketing and
promotional efforts. These efforts include advertising and promotion through television, retailer
websites and other internet-based advertising, print, participation in trade shows, among other
16. Plaintiff’s NEGG® product has been featured on television (“The Today Show,”
Home Shopping Network), newspapers (New York Times, USA Today) and numerous videos on
YouTube, Facebook and other social media sites. Numerous videos featuring Plaintiff’s NEGG®
product have been collectively viewed hundreds of thousands of times, if not millions of times.
17. Plaintiff’s NEGG® product is proudly manufactured in the United States using the
18. Plaintiff owns trademark rights, trade dress, and patent rights regarding its NEGG®
product.
THE DEFENDANTS
19. The Defendants are individuals and/or business entities of unknown makeup, each of
whom, upon information and belief, either reside or operate in foreign jurisdictions, or (though
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not foreign)1 redistribute products from the same or similar sources in those locations.
Defendants have the capacity to be sued pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 17(b).
Defendants target their business activities toward consumers throughout the United States,
including within this district, and conduct pervasive business through the operation of at least
one of the Internet based online marketplaces Amazon.com, eBay.com, Alibaba.com, Temu,
20. Defendants use aliases in conjunction with the operation of their businesses, including
21. Defendants are the past and present controlling forces behind the sale of products
bearing and/or using infringements of at least one of the Plaintiff’s Patent and Work, and/or a
substantially similar copy of Plaintiff’s Work as described herein using at least the Seller IDs.
22. Upon information and belief, Defendants directly engage in unfair competition with
Plaintiff and its authorized sellers by advertising, offering for sale and selling goods bearing
and/or using counterfeits and infringements of Plaintiff’s Work and Patent to consumers within
the United States and this district through several fully interactive, commercial Internet websites
and Internet based e-commerce stores operating under, at least, the storefronts, the Seller IDs,
and any additional domain names, websites and corresponding website URLs or seller
identifications and store URL aliases not yet known to Plaintiff. Defendants have purposefully
1
Prior to filing this lawsuit, Plaintiffs viewed a public seller profile that is published by certain Defendant’s
storefronts that purports to identify the name and address of the Defendant. Solely based upon their
representation on their storefronts, the following defendants have identified themselves as US-based and are not
at this time alleged to be foreign sellers: Morning Chef, Imaginary Visions Ecommerce LLC, OSCARLETT
COMPANY LLC, OL16 LLC, and MARKETING FOREVER VISUET LLC.
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directed some portion of their illegal activities towards consumers in the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania through the advertisement, offer to sell, sale, and/or shipment of counterfeit and
23. Defendants have registered, established or purchased, and maintained the online
marketplace website storefronts and Seller IDs. Upon information and belief, Defendants have
engaged in fraudulent conduct with respect to the registration of the storefronts and Seller IDs by
providing false and/or misleading information to the Internet based e-commerce platforms where
they offer for sale and/or sell, during the registration or maintenance process related to their
respective Seller ID. Upon information and belief, Defendants have anonymously registered and
maintained some of the Seller IDs for the sole purpose of engaging in illegal infringing activities.
24. Upon information and belief, Defendants will continue to register or acquire new
seller identification aliases for the purpose of selling and offering for sale goods bearing and/or
advertised using confusingly similar imitations of Plaintiff’s Work and infringing Plaintiff’s
25. Defendants’ Internet-based businesses amount to nothing more than illegal operations
established and operated in order to infringe the intellectual property rights of Plaintiff.
26. Defendants’ business names, i.e., the Seller IDs, associated payment accounts, and
any other alias seller identification names used in connection with the sale of infringing goods
bearing and/or using Plaintiff’s Work and Patent are essential components of Defendants’ online
activities and are the means by which Defendants further their infringement scheme and cause
harm to Plaintiff. Moreover, Defendants are using Plaintiff’s Work to drive Internet consumer
traffic to their e-commerce stores operating under the Seller IDs, thereby creating and increasing
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the value of the Seller IDs and decreasing the size and value of Plaintiff’s legitimate consumer
27. Plaintiff is the owner of source identifying trademarks, including NEGG® (Reg. No.
5,142,630 attached as Exhibit 1) and trade dress shown in Exhibit 2 that Plaintiff uses to
distinguish its unique product (“Plaintiff’s Marks”). Plaintiff owns the overall combination and
including its product insert, which are inherently distinctive and/or have acquired secondary
28. Plaintiff owns a United States patent for its unique NEGG® product, including U.S.
Patent No. 9,968,211 for PERSONAL EGG PEELER (attached as Exhibit 3).
29. Plaintiff also owns copyrights for its packaging, including its product insert.
30. Plaintiff’s trademark, trade dress, patent, and copyright rights make it unlawful for
lawfully use Plaintiff’s NEGG® registered trademark in a manner that could cause
confusion as to source.
b. Because of Plaintiff’s copyrights for its packaging and trade dress rights, no
competitor can lawfully copy Plaintiff’s copyrighted expression or use packaging that
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lawfully make, use, offer for sale, or sell a competing product that infringes Plaintiff’s
patent.
31. Like many other rights owners, Plaintiff suffers ongoing daily and sustained
violations of its copyright, trademark, trade dress, and patent rights at the hands of counterfeiters
and infringers, such as Defendants herein. Plaintiff is harmed, the consuming public is duped and
confused, and the Defendants earn substantial profits in connection with the infringing conduct.
32. In order to combat the harm caused by the combined actions of Defendants and others
engaging in similar infringing conduct, Plaintiff has expended significant resources in connection
with its intellectual property enforcement efforts. The recent explosion of infringement over the
Internet has created an environment that requires companies to expend significant time and
money across a wide spectrum of efforts in order to protect both consumers and itself from
33. Upon information and belief, at all times relevant hereto, Defendants in this action
had full knowledge of Plaintiff’s copyrights, trademark rights, trade dress, and/or patent rights,
including Plaintiff’s exclusive right to use and license such intellectual property and the goodwill
associated therewith. Plaintiff has complied with Section 29 of the Lanham Act (15 U.S.C. §
1111) and has provided actual notice of its trademark registration for NEGG®. See Plaintiff’s
34. Online marketplace platforms (also referred to as “Third Party Service Provider”),
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TikTok, Walmart.com, and Wish.com, allow manufacturers, wholesalers and other third party
merchants, like Defendants, to advertise, distribute, offer for sale, sell and ship their wholesale
and retail products originating from China directly to consumers worldwide and specifically to
35. Defendants are individuals and/or businesses, who, upon information and belief, are
located in China and other foreign countries but conduct business in the United States and other
countries by means of their User Accounts and on their Merchant Storefronts on Amazon.com as
36. Through their Merchant Storefronts, Defendants offer for sale and/or sell consumer
products, including Counterfeit Products, and target and ship such products to customers located
37. Defendants are promoting and advertising, distributing, selling and/or offering for
sale copies of Plaintiff’s NEGG® product in interstate commerce that infringes Plaintiff’s
trademark rights, trade dress rights, and patent rights (collectively referred to as, “Infringing
Product(s)” or “Counterfeit Product(s)”), through the fully interactive Internet based e-commerce
Plaintiff’s claimed copyrighted expression for its packaging, and the similar trade dress
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d. Defendants make, use, offer for sale, or sell competing products that infringe
Plaintiff’s patent.
g. Defendants sell or offer the infringing goods for a retail price below the usual
38. E-commerce sales, including through e-commerce stores like those of Defendants,
have resulted in a sharp increase in the shipment of unauthorized products into the United States.
Ference Dec2., Exhibit 1, Excerpts from Fiscal Year 2021 U.S. Customs and Border Protection
(“CBP”) Intellectual Property Seizure Statistics Report. Over 89% of all CBP intellectual
property seizures were smaller international mail and express shipments (as opposed to large
shipping containers). Id. More than half (51%) of CBP seizures originated from mainland China
and Hong Kong. Id. Counterfeit and pirated products account for billions in economic losses,
2 Referring to Declaration of Stanley D. Ference III in Support of Temporary Restraining Order, filed herewith.
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resulting in tens of thousands of lost jobs for legitimate businesses and broader economic losses,
39. Third party service providers like those used by Defendants do not adequately
subject new sellers to verification and confirmation of their identities, allowing counterfeiters to
“routinely use false or inaccurate names and addresses when registering with these e-commerce
platforms.” Ference Dec., Exhibit 2, Daniel C.K. Chow, Alibaba, Amazon, and Counterfeiting
in the Age of the Internet, 40 NW. J. INT’L L. & BUS. 157, 186 (2020); see also, report on
“Combating Trafficking in Counterfeit and Pirated Goods” prepared by the U.S. Department of
Homeland Security’s Office of Strategy, Policy, and Plans (Jan. 24, 2020), attached as Ference
Dec., Exhibit 3 and finding that on “at least some e-commerce platforms, little identifying
against the risk of being caught and having their websites taken down from an e-commerce
22. Since platforms generally do not require a seller on a third-party marketplace to identify the
underlying business entity, counterfeiters can have many different profiles that can appear
unrelated even though they are commonly owned and operated. Ference Dec., Exhibit 3 at p. 39.
Further, “E-commerce platforms create bureaucratic or technical hurdles in helping brand owners
to locate or identify sources of counterfeits and counterfeiters.” Ference Dec., Exhibit 2 at 186-
187.
40. Defendants target their business activities towards consumers throughout the United
States, including within Pennsylvania, and this district in Allegheny County, and conduct
pervasive business through the operation of, at least, one fully interactive commercial Internet
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based e-commerce store via, at least, one of the Amazon.com, eBay.com, Alibaba.com,
41. Defendants have purposefully directed some portion of their illegal activities towards
consumers in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania through the advertisement, offer to sell, sale,
42. Defendants are the past and present controlling forces behind the sale of products that
infringe Plaintiff’s intellectual property as described herein using at least the Seller IDs in
Schedule “A” and the Seller IDs associated with the infringing product ASIN numbers.
Defendants have registered, established or purchased, and maintained their Seller IDs.
43. Upon information and belief, some Defendants have anonymously registered and
maintained some of the Seller IDs for the sole purpose of engaging in illegal counterfeiting or
infringement activities. On Amazon.com after notice that a particular Seller Name has sold an
infringing product with a particular ASIN number, a new Seller Name will be used (e.g. a new
“Just Launched Seller”) to sell the same infringing product under a new ASIN number associated
with the new Seller Name. The result can be a never ending “Whack–A-Mole” situation where
44. Upon information and belief, Defendants will continue to register or acquire new
Seller ID aliases for the purpose of selling and offering for sale goods that infringe Plaintiff’s
trademark rights, trade dress rights, and patent rights unless preliminarily and permanently
enjoined.
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45. Defendants’ business names, i.e., Seller IDs, associated payment accounts, and any
other alias seller identification names used in connection with the sale of infringing goods are
essential components of Defendants’ online activities and are one of the means by which
Defendants further their infringing scheme and cause harm to Plaintiff. Moreover, Defendants
are using without permission Plaintiff’s claimed copyrightable materials, trademarks, trade dress
and patents to drive Internet consumer traffic to their e-commerce stores operating under their
Seller IDs, thereby increasing the value of the Seller IDs and decreasing the size and value of
46. Upon information and belief, Defendants are concurrently targeting their infringing
activities toward consumers and causing harm within this district and elsewhere throughout the
United States. As a result, Defendants are harming Plaintiff and the consuming public for
47. By their actions, Defendants have created an illegal marketplace operating in parallel
to the legitimate marketplace for Plaintiff's genuine goods. Defendants are causing concurrent
and indivisible harm to Plaintiff and the consuming public by (i) depriving Plaintiff and other
third parties of their right to fairly compete for space within search engine results and reducing
the visibility of Plaintiff’s genuine goods on the World Wide Web and internet, including on
Amazon.com, (ii) causing an overall degradation of the value of the goodwill associated with
Plaintiff’s trademark rights, and (iii) increasing Plaintiff’s overall cost to market its goods and
48. Plaintiff is suffering irreparable and indivisible injury and has suffered substantial
property. The natural and intended byproduct of Defendants’ actions is the erosion and
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destruction of the goodwill associated with Plaintiff’s name and associated trademarks and the
Defendants’ infringement was a cause in Plaintiff’s unit sales decreasing during the last
several months over the same time period the previous year. Plaintiff has thus lost profits.
50. Plaintiff has suffered and will suffer irreparable injury as a result of Defendants’
continued sale of infringing products, and monetary damages are inadequate to compensate
a. Defendants sell cheaper and inferior competing egg peeler products that
infringe upon Plaintiff’s claimed copyrightable materials, trademarks, trade dress, and
patents. Defendants’ sale of infringing products has caused Plaintiff loss of market share,
b. Plaintiff cannot effectively exercise its rights under copyright, trademark, trade
dress, and patent which also damages Plaintiff’s relationship with its actual and/or
potential re-sellers.
c. Defendants have infringed in the past and threaten to infringe in the future.
51. Upon information and belief, Defendants’ payment and financial accounts are being
used by Defendants to accept, receive, and deposit profits from Defendants’ trademark
counterfeiting and infringing and unfairly competitive activities connected to their Seller IDs and
any other alias domain names or seller identification names being used and/or controlled by
them.
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52. Plaintiff has no adequate remedy at law. Upon information and belief, Defendants
are likely to transfer or secret their assets to avoid payment of any monetary judgment awarded
to Plaintiff.
53. Defendants would suffer no cognizable harm from ceasing infringing conduct.
b. Defendants sell other products, so they would suffer little harm if they stopped
c. Plaintiff will suffer great harm to its competitive position and business if
54. The public interest will be served when it protects Plaintiff from infringement of its
55. Defendants are engaging in the above-described illegal counterfeiting and infringing
activities knowingly and intentionally or with reckless disregard or willful blindness to Plaintiff’s
rights. If Defendants’ infringing activities are not preliminarily and permanently enjoined by this
56. The harm and damages sustained by Plaintiff have been directly and proximately
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57. Upon information and belief, each Defendant did not obtain an opinion from United
States Counsel about the legality of offering for sale its Infringing Products.
58. Upon information and belief, each Defendant operates more than one merchant
storefront.
59. Upon information and belief, each Defendant operates merchant storefronts across
60. Upon information and belief, each Defendant has sold more than 150,000 units of the
61. Upon information and belief, each Defendant’s profits from the sale of the Infringing
62. Upon information and belief, each Defendant’s profits from the sale of the Infringing
63. Upon information and belief, each Defendant’s profits from the sale of the Infringing
64. Plaintiff hereby adopts and re-allege the allegations set forth in the preceding
65. Plaintiff is the owner of U.S. Patent No. 9,968,211 (“the ‘211 patent”), issued May
15, 2018, for “PERSONAL EGG PEELER” and which covers Plaintiff’s NEGG® product. A
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66. Defendants have infringed and continue to infringe the ‘211 patent either directly or
271, by making, using, selling, importing and/or offering to sell infringing products, namely the
personal egg peelers that are nearly identical to Plaintiff’s NEGG® product. Ference Dec.,
Exhibit 4.
has injured Plaintiff and it, therefore, is entitled to recover damages adequate to compensate it
has been willful and deliberate because Defendants have notice of or knew of the ‘211 patent and
have nonetheless injured and will continue to injure Plaintiff, unless and until this Court enters
an injunction, which prohibits further infringement and specifically enjoins further manufacture,
use, sale, importation and/or offer for sale of products or services that come within the scope of
well as monetary damages and other remedies as provided by the Patent Act, including damages
that Plaintiff has sustained and will sustain as a result of Defendants’ illegal and infringing
actions as alleged herein, enhanced discretionary damages and reasonable attorneys’ fees and
costs.
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72. Defendants had actual notice of Plaintiff’s exclusive rights in and to the Plaintiff’s
Works.
73. Defendants did not attempt and therefore inherently failed to obtain Plaintiff’s
consent or authorization to use, manufacture, reproduce, copy, display, prepare derivative works
of, distribute, sell, transfer, rent, perform and/or market Plaintiff’s Works.
74. Defendants’ unlawful actions have caused and are continuing to cause unquantifiable
damages to Plaintiff and are unjustly enriching Defendants with profits at Plaintiff’s expense.
75. Without permission, Defendants knowingly and intentionally reproduced, copied, and
promoting, distributing, displaying, offering for sale and/or selling products that utilize features
that are, at a minimum, substantially similar to the Plaintiff’s Works. Defendants’ unlawful and
willful action as alleged herein constitute infringement of the Plaintiff’s Works, including
plaintiff’s exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute and/or sell such Works in violation of 17
U.S.C. § 501(a).
76. Defendants’ knowing and intentional copyright infringement, as alleged herein, has
caused substantial and irreparable harm to Plaintiff in an amount as yet unknown but to be
proven at trial, for which Plaintiff has no adequate remedy at law, and unless enjoined,
Defendants will continue to cause substantial and irreparable harm to Plaintiff. Plaintiff is
entitled to injunctive relief, Plaintiff’s actual damages and Defendants’ profits in an amount to be
proven at trial, enhanced discretionary damages for willful copyright infringement, and
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77. Plaintiff hereby adopts and re-allege the allegations set forth in the preceding
78. The Defendants have made and sold in interstate commerce Infringing Goods that
embody Plaintiff’s Trade Dress, including, using Plaintiff’s Works and/or Trade Dress as a
means to attract, divert and take sales from Plaintiff, thus unfairly competing.
79. As result of the Defendants’ conduct as set forth herein, consumers could be confused
and induced to purchase the Defendants’ Infringing Goods, mistakenly believing them to be
80. Defendants’ Infringing Goods using, offered for sale, and sold under copies of
Plaintiff’s Mark are virtually identical in appearance to Plaintiff’s respective, genuine goods.
However, Defendants’ Infringing Goods are different and likely inferior in quality. Accordingly,
Defendants’ activities are likely to cause confusion in the trade and among the general public as
81. Defendants, upon information and belief, have used in connection with their
advertisement, offers for sale, and sale of the Infringing Goods, false designations of origin and
false descriptions and representations, including words or other symbols and trade dress which
tend to falsely describe or represent such goods and have caused such goods to enter into
commerce with full knowledge of the falsity of such designations of origin and such descriptions
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82. Defendants have authorized infringing uses of Plaintiff’s Trade Dress in Defendants’
advertisement and promotion of their Infringing and infringing branded goods. Defendants have
also misrepresented to members of the consuming public that the Infringing Goods being
83. Defendants knowingly and willfully used in commerce products and/or packaging
designs that are identical or confusingly similar to, and constitute reproductions of Plaintiff’s
Works and Trade Dress and affixed, applied and used false designations of origin and false and
sale and/or sale of Infringing Products with the intent to cause confusion, to cause mistake and to
deceive the purchasing public into believing, in error, that Defendants’ substandard Infringing
Goods are Plaintiff’s or related products, and/or that Defendants’ Infringing Goods are
authorized, sponsored, approved, endorsed or licensed by Plaintiff and/or that Defendants are
consumers as to the source of such Infringing Goods, and allowing Defendants to capitalize on
the goodwill associated with, and the consumer recognition of, the Plaintiff’s Trade Dress and
84. Additionally, Defendants are using infringements of Plaintiff’s Trade Dress in order
to unfairly compete with Plaintiff and others for space within search engine organic results,
thereby jointly depriving Plaintiff of a valuable marketing and educational tool which would
otherwise be available to Plaintiff and reducing the visibility of Plaintiff’s genuine goods on the
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85. Defendants’ above-described actions are in violation of Section 43(a) of the Lanham
86. Plaintiff has no adequate remedy at law, and has sustained indivisible injury and
Court, Defendants will continue to wrongfully reap profits and Plaintiff will continue to suffer
irreparable injury to its respective goodwill and business reputations, as well as monetary
damages.
well as monetary damages and other remedies as provided by the Lanham Act, including
damages that Plaintiff has sustained and will sustain as a result of Defendants’ illegal and
infringing actions as alleged herein, and all gains, profits and advantages obtained by Defendants
as a result thereof, enhanced discretionary damages and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs.
88. Plaintiff hereby adopts and re-allege the allegations set forth in the preceding
distribution, sale, and/or offering for sale of goods bearing and/or using marks that are virtually
identical, both visually and phonetically, to Plaintiff’s Trade Dress in violation of Pennsylvania’s
90. Specifically, Defendants are promoting and otherwise advertising, selling, offering
for sale, and distributing goods bearing and/or using infringements of Plaintiff’s Trade Dress.
Defendants are also using infringements of Plaintiff’s Trade Dress to unfairly compete on online
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marketplaces with Plaintiff and others for space in marketplace search results across an array of
91. Defendants’ infringing activities are likely to cause and actually are causing
confusion, mistake, and deception among members of the trade and the general consuming
public as to the origin and quality of Defendants’ products by their use of Plaintiff’s Trade Dress.
92. Plaintiff has no adequate remedy at law and are suffering irreparable injury and
relief, an order granting Plaintiff’s damages and Defendants’ profits stemming from their
infringing activities, and exemplary or punitive damages for Defendants’ intentional misconduct.
1116, 35 U.S.C. § 283, and Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65 enjoining Defendants, their
agents, representatives, servants, employees, and all those acting in concert or participation
promoting, distributing, selling or offering to sell their Infringing Goods that infringe on
Plaintiff’s Patent; from infringing, or diluting Plaintiff’s Trade Dress; from using Plaintiff’s
Mark, or any mark or trade dress similar thereto; from using Plaintiff’s Works or substantially
similar copies of Plaintiff’s Works, in connection with the sale of any unauthorized goods; from
using any logo, trade name or trademark or trade dress that may be calculated to falsely advertise
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the services or goods of Defendants as being sponsored by, authorized by, endorsed by, or in any
way associated with Plaintiff; from falsely representing themselves as being connected with
Plaintiff, through sponsorship or association, or engaging in any act that is likely to falsely cause
members of the trade and/or of the purchasing public to believe any goods or services of
Defendants are in any way endorsed by, approved by, and/or associated with Plaintiff; from
using any reproduction, Infringing, infringement, copy, or colorable imitation of Plaintiff’s Mark
or Works in connection with the publicity, promotion, sale, or advertising of any goods sold by
Defendants; from affixing, applying, annexing or using in connection with the sale of any goods,
a false description or representation, including words or other symbols tending to falsely describe
or represent Defendants’ goods as being those of Plaintiff, or in any way endorsed by Plaintiff
and from offering such goods in commerce; from engaging in search engine optimization
strategies using colorable imitations of Plaintiff’s name or trademark; from further infringement,
inducement and contributory infringement of the patent-in-suit; and from otherwise unfairly
c. Entry of an Order that, upon Plaintiff’s request, any Internet marketplace website
operators and/or administrators that are provided with notice of the injunction, including but not
Walmart.com and Wish.com, identify any e-mail address known to be associated with
Defendants’ respective Seller ID, and cease facilitating access to any or all e-commerce stores
through which Defendants engage in the promotion, offering for sale, and/or sale of goods
d. Entry of an Order that, upon Plaintiff’s request, any Internet marketplace website
operators and/or administrators who are provided with notice of the injunction, including but not
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Walmart.com, and Wish.com, permanently remove any and all listings and associated images of
Infringing Goods that infringe on Plaintiff’s Patent; from infringing, or diluting Plaintiff’s Trade
Dress; from using Plaintiff’s Mark, or any mark or trade dress similar thereto; from using
Plaintiff’s Works or substantially similar copies of Plaintiff’s Works, via the e-commerce stores
operating under the Seller IDs, including any and all listings and images of goods bearing and/or
using infringements of Plaintiff’s Mark or Works, or copies of that are substantially similar,
linked to the same seller or linked to any other alias seller identification name being used and/or
controlled by Defendants to promote, offer for sale and/or sell goods bearing and/or using
e. Entry of an Order that, upon Plaintiff’s request, any Internet marketplace website
operators and/or administrators who are provided with notice of the injunction, including but not
Walmart.com, and Wish.com, immediately cease fulfillment of and sequester all Infringing
Goods that infringe on Plaintiff’s Patent; from infringing, or diluting Plaintiff’s Trade Dress;
from using Plaintiff’s Mark, or any mark or trade dress similar thereto; from using Plaintiff’s
Works or substantially similar copies of Plaintiff’s Works, in its inventory, possession, custody,
f. Entry of an order requiring Defendants to account to and pay Plaintiff for all profits and
damages resulting from Defendants’ infringing and unfairly competitive activities and that the
g. Entry of an award pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1117 (a) and (b) of Plaintiff’s costs and
reasonable attorneys’ fees and investigative fees associated with bringing this action.
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U.S.C. § 504(b), in an amount to be proven at trial for willful copyright infringement of the
i. In the alternative to Plaintiff’s actual damages and Defendants’ profits for copyright
infringement of the Plaintiff’s Works pursuant to 17 U.S.C. § 504 (b), for statutory damages of
$150,000.00 per infringement pursuant to 17 U.S.C. § 504 (c) for willful copyright infringement,
which Plaintiff may elect prior to the rendering of a final judgment, together with Plaintiff’s
costs and reasonable attorney’s fees and investigative fees associated with bringing this action.
infringement of its patent, but in no event less than a reasonable royalty for the use made of the
invention by the Defendants, together with interest and costs as fixed by the Court pursuant to 35
U.S.C. § 284 and/or 35 U.S. Code § 289, and that the award be trebled as provided for under 35
U.S.C. § 284.
k. Entry of an Order finding that this case is exceptional and an award to Plaintiff of its
l. Entry of an Order that, upon Plaintiff’s request, any financial institutions, payment
processors, banks, escrow services, money transmitters, or marketplace platforms, and their
related companies and affiliates, identify and restrain all funds, up to and including the total
amount of judgment, in all financial accounts and/or sub-accounts used in connection with the
Seller IDs or other domain names, alias seller identification names, or e-commerce store names
or store URLs used by Defendants presently or in the future, as well as any other related
accounts of the same customer(s) and any other accounts which transfer funds into the same
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n. Entry of an order for any further relief as the Court may deem just and proper.
Respectfully submitted,
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SCHEDULE “A”
DEFENDANTS BY STORE NAME AND SELLER ID
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LISTING OF EXHIBITS
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