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- Gap-Filling

2.1. Form Completion

Exercise 2.1.1:.
Answer:
1. M-A-C A-D-D-A-M-S
2. B-R-A-I-T-H-W-A-I-T-E
3. EH10 6PZ

- A: Sorry. Could I have your name again?

- B: Yes, certainly, that's Martin Mac Addams.
- A: So. that's Martin and could you spell your second name for me. please?
- B: It's ( I) M-A-C (capital A) A-D-D-A-M-S. Shall I give you my address?
- A: Yes, please.
- B: It's 263, Braithwaite Avenue.
- A: How do you spell that?
- B: (2) B-R-A-I-T-H-W-A-1-T-E.
- A: And the rest of your address?
- B: Newington, Edinburgh, (3) EH 10 6PZ.
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Exercise 2.1.2:
Answer:
1. C-L-O-U-G-H-B-O-R-O-U-G-H
2. C23 XAE
3. P-R-I-S-C-I-L-L-A
Audioscript:
- A: Hello. This is Clare Johnson speaking. Is this the information desk?
- B: That's right. What can I do for you?
- A: Well, I've got the number of your college but I don't seem to have the address and
I need to send you some documents to enrol in one of your courses.
- B: Have you got a pen ready?
- A: Yes, I have.
- B: Now, you'll need to make it out to the Admissions Department and our address is
Preston Technical College, Cloughborough Road, Preston and ....
- A: Sorry, could you slow down a bit, please? I didn't catch the word after College.
- B: It's Cloughborough. Do you want me to spell that for you?
- A: Yes, please.
- B: It's (1) C-L-O-U-G-H-B-O-R-O-U-G-H.
- A: Thanks.
- B: And the postcode is (2) C23 XAE.
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- A: Oh, could I also have the name of the Head of the Admissions Department?
- B: Yes, of course. It's Priscilla Winters.
- A: How do you spell her first name?
- B: It's (3) P-R-I-S-C-I-L-L-A.
- A: Thank you very much. You've been very helpful.

Exercise 2.1.3:
Answer:
1. 7. W-H-Y-A-L-L-A
2. 8. C-A-I-R-N-S
3. 9. BRS 329
Audioscript:
- Well, it's been great speaking to you again.
- B. Likewise. Well, you're always welcome to stay when you come over to Brisbane.
We've got plenty of space and there's lots to do.
- A. You know, I might take you up on that offer. I was thinking of coming over next
spring. The only thing is - I haven't got your new address.
- B. You'd better make a note of it then. Got a pen? (Yeah) The new place has got a
fancy name. It's Whyalla Lodge. I know you won't be able to spell that! It's (1) W-H-
Y-A-L-L-A. That's an Aboriginal word, you know.
-
-
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A. All right. Carry on.
B. Cairns Drive, Stepton, Brisbane.
- A. Cairns? Is that spelt with a K?
- B. No, it isn't. You spell it (2) C-A-I-R-N-S. You got that?
- A. And what's the postcode?
- B. It's (3) BRS 329.
- A. Right. Thanks, Rob. Speak to you soon. Bye.
- B. Bye-bye then.

Exercise 2.1.4:
1. S-T-A-M-B-O-U-R-N-E
2. BS15 3FD
3. C-U-C-K-M-E-R-E
4. LE2 1 JA
5. L-E-S-L-E-Y
6. B-E-X-S-T-O-N-E
7. TR3 6EP
8. Y-O-N-G H-E-O-N
AudioScript:
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You will hear a man talking to a helpline assistant about filling in a census form. First you will
have some time to look at questions I — 8. [Pause the recording for 30 seconds]
Now listen carefully and answer questions I - 8.
- Hello, this is Alistair Norseman. Is this the census helpline?
- B. Yes, that's right. What can I do for you?
- A. I wonder if you can help me. I got this census form through the post a few days
ago and I'm not sure what to do.
- B. Right. First, I'll need to take down some personal details. You said that your first
name was Alistair.
- A. Yes, that's right.
- B. Is that spelt with a 'D' or a 'T'?
- A. With a 'T'.
- B. Oh thanks. I've got that down. And would you mind spelling your second name?
Did you say it was Northman?
- A. No, Norseman. And it's spelt N-O-R-S-E-M-A-N. You know, like the Vikings.
- B. Right. Mr Norseman. Can you see the number at the top of the form in the right-
hand corner? That's your reference number.
- A. Oh yes. I can see it. Do want me to read it out to you?
- B. Just a minute. The screen's still loading. We've been having a few problems with
the server today ... Right, go ahead.
- A. It's BR 747 905 EKX.
-
-
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B. Okay. I'm just going to have to confirm your address.
A. Well, it's 139 Stambourne Way....
- B. Could you just spell the name of the road so that I can check? Sometimes it's
misspelt on the database.
- A. Yeah, sure. It's (I) S-T-A-M-B-O-U-R-N-E.
- B. Yes, I've got that. And the rest of your address?
- A. Stoke Gifford, Bristol. And the postcode is (2) BS15 3FD.
- B. Yes, that all seems to be in order. So, is it your permanent address or are you only
living there temporarily?
- A. Well. I'm a student so I'm only here until my course finishes and that runs up to
the end of the next academic year. So does that mean I don't have to fill it in?
- B. I'm afraid it doesn't. Everybody has to do it. It's required by law. But we could do it
over the phone if it's easier for you and you've got the time. We'll go through it step
by step. It's easier when I explain and it only takes between I0 and 15 minutes.
- A. That's quite long. Won't it be expensive?
- B. No, it's a free service. You won't be charged.
- A. Okay then.
- B. So how many people live in the house?
- A. Three altogether including myself and we're all students.
- B. Now, I'm going to need all of your permanent addresses. Have you got your
friends' to hand?
- A. Yes, hang on. They're in the address book. Here they are.
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- B. Right. Could you give me yours first?

- A. Yes. It's 56 Cuckmere Close, Brayfield, Leicester.
- B. Sorry, I didn't catch the name of your road.
- A. It's Cuckmere and it's spelt (3) C-U-C-K-M-E-R-E.
- B. C-U-C-K-M-E-R-E, I've got that.
- A. Oh yes. and the postcode is (4) LE2 1 JA.
- B. Right and the next person.
- A. Um... Lesley Smith. And the address is...
- B. Wait a sec. Could you spell the first name, please?
- A. Yes, of course. It's (5) L-E-S-L-E-Y.
- B. And the address?
- A.107 High Street, Bexstone, Trowbridge.
- B. And how is Bexstone spelt?
- A. (6) B-E-X-S-T-O-N-E.
- B. Thank you for your patience. I'm afraid the line isn't clear this end.
- A. That's all right. And her postcode is (7) TR3 6EP. So the final student is Yong Heon
Park and he is from Korea. I've got his address here but I can't make out all the
words. Do you need it? I can call him if you like.
- B. No, that won't be necessary but you'll need to spell his name for me.
- A. It's (8) Y-O-N-G H-E-O-N and Park — the last one's easy.
- B. Right, I've got all that. We'll be sending him a separate form for foreign students in

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the next couple of days. Now then, let's move on to section two...

Exercise 2.1.5:
Answer:
1.30 2. 3 3. Free/no cost 4.(own) music 5.10
Audioscript:
- A: Hello. This is Oriental Garden. Can I help you?
- B: Oh, hello. I hope so. I called you last week about reserving a table but I wasn't sure
about the numbers. And I said, if you remember, that I'd get back to you about it this
week.
- A: Yes, that's right. You wanted to book a party for a group of students, didn't you?
(uh-hu) I do remember but I'm afraid I don't have your name to hand. Being so near
to Christmas we're rather busy.
- B: That's all right. The name is Katherine Mackey.
- A: Sorry. I can't seem to find it. I'll write it down again. Is it Catherine with a C or a K?
- B: With a K and Mackey is spelt M-A-C-K-E-Y.
- A: That's fine.
- B: Do you cater for large groups? I'm afraid there are more than I anticipated - about
(1) thirty of us.
- A: Did you say thirteen or thirty?
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- B: Thirty.
- A: Well. That's quite a big number. The maximum we can seat at each table is
twelve; so there will be (2) three tables of ten. I hope that will be all right. But there
is a separate area at the back of the restaurant for functions which you can hire out
at (3) no extra cost for groups of twenty and over. We generally hang up happy
birthday balloons but you're welcome to decorate it yourselves and even choose
your (4) own music. We find that it is quite popular with students and you won't be
disturbed by the other customers. Would you like to book those tables?
- B: Oh, yes that sounds great. Do we have to pay a deposit?
- A: I'm afraid you do and at least five days before the meal. Anyway, it's usually £ 12
per person for individual bookings but it'll be (5) £1O per head for your group
because of its size, and the balance is paid when you've finished the meal. With
large groups like yours we do a set menu which includes one drink - alcoholic or non-
alcoholic.

Exercise 2.1.6:

1. Keiko 2. Japanese 3. JO6337

4. 21C 5. 4/four months
6. Advanced English Studies

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Audioscript
- Officer: Yes, what can I do for you?
- Student: My friend is in homestay, and she really enjoys it, so I’d like to join a family
as well.
- Officer: Okay, so let me get some details. What’s your name?
- Student: My name is Keiko Yuichini.
- Officer: Could you spell your family name for me?
- Student: It’s Yuichini, that’s Y-U-I-C-H-I-N-I
- Officer: And your first name?
- Student: It’s Keiko. (1) K-E-I-K-O
- Officer: That’s Keiko Yuichini. OK. And you’re female. And your nationality?
- Student: I’m (2) Japanese.
- Officer: Right and could I see your passport, please?
- Student: Here it is.
- Officer: OK, your passport number is (3) JO 6337. And you’re how old?
- Student: I’m 28 years old.
- Officer: Now, you live at one of the colleges, which one?
- Student: Willow College, umm, room (4) 21C
- Officer: Right, 21C Willow College, and how long are you planning on staying with
homestay?
- Student: About (5) four months, longer if I like it.
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- Officer: And what course are you enrolled in?

- Student: Well, I’ve enrolled for twenty weeks in the..um..(6) Advanced English
Studies because I need help with my writing, and I’m nearly at the end of my first
five-week course.

Exercise 2.1.7:
Answer:
1. 24 Ardleigh 2. BH5 20P
3. 077 86 643 091 4. Newspaper

Audioscript
- World Tours. My name is Jamie. How can I help you?
- Good morning. I want some information on self-drive tours in the USA.
- Could you send me a brochure?
Of course. Could I have your name please?
- Andrea Brown.
- Thank you. And your address?
- (1) 24 Ardleigh Road.
-
-
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Can you spell that?
A-R-D-L-E-l-G-H Road.
- Postcode?
- (2) BH520P
- Thanks. And can I have your phone number?
- Is a mobile alright?
- Fine.
- (3) It's 07786643091.
- Thank you. And can I ask you where you heard about World Tours? From a friend?
Or did you see an advert somewhere?
- No. (4) I read about you in the newspaper .

Exercise 2.1.8:
Answer:
1. 3.30 2. 60 3. Abingdon
4. OX143HB 5. 07789612744
Audioscript
- Receptionist: Good morning. Taxi 4U. How can I help you?
- Sam: Oh, good morning. I’d like to book a taxi to the airport, please.
- Receptionist: Right…and which airport is that?
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- Sam: London Heathrow.

- Receptionist: That’s fine. And when do you need the taxi for?
- Sam: My flight leaves from terminal 5 at 7.20 on the Wednesday of 6th July, next
week.
- Receptionist: Wednesday the 6th at 7.20 a.m. (1) So you’ll need the taxi at 3.30. OK.
Can I have your name please?
- Sam: Sam Williams.
- Receptionist: And your address?
- Sam: (2) 60, Willowside Bank, Abingdon. (3) That’s A-B-I-N-G-D-O-N.
- Receptionist: Thank you. And the postcode is?
- Sam: (4) OX14 3HB
- Receptionist: OX14 3HB. And can I have a contact number for you?
- Sam: Yes, of course. (5) My mobile is 07789 612 744
- Receptionist: Thank you. 07789 612 744. Now we’ll be picking you up at 3.30. Is that
OK?
- Sam. Yes, that’s fine.

Exercise 2.1.9:
Answer:
1. 1/one 2. Francis 3. 23 Cypress
HoisachIELTS.com
4. CB3 9NF
7. Friday 16th April
5. Taxi 6. breakfast

Audioscript
- Receptionist: Silver Tulip Hotel. Good afternoon. How can I help you?
- Edward: Ah, yes. Good afternoon. I’d like to book a room for next Friday.
- Receptionist: Certainly, sir. How many nights will you be staying?
- Edward: (1) Just one, please.
- Receptionist: And would you like a single or double room?
- Edward: A double room, please.
- Receptionist: A double room. And would you like twin beds or a king-sized bed?
- Edward: A king-sized bed, please.
- Receptionist: Let me see. Yes, we do have a double room available for next Friday.
Would you like me to book it for you?
- Edward: Yes, please.
- Receptionist: could I have your name, please?
- Edward: Yes, it’s Edward Francis.
- Receptionist: Is that F-R-A-N-C-E-S?
- Edward: No. (2) It’s F-R-A-N-C-I-S.
- Receptionist: F-R-A-N-C-I-S?
- Edward: Yes, that’s right.
- Receptionist: And your home address please, sir.
- Edward: Yes, it’s 23 Cypress Avenue, Cambridge.
- Receptionist: Is that C-Y-P-R-U-S?
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- Edward: No. (3) C-Y-P-R-E-S-S. Like the tree.

- Receptionist: Oh, I see. And your postcode is?
- Edward: (4) CB3 9NF
- Receptionist: and it’s for just one night?
- Edward: yes, that’s right.
- Receptionist: we can reserve a parking space for you. Are you coming by car?
- Edward: (5) Actually, I’ll be taking a taxi from the station.
- Receptionist: that’s fine. And one last question: would you like dinner and breakfast?
- Edward: (6) No dinner, thank you. But I’d like breakfast.
- Receptionist: just breakfast. So, to confirm. (7) You’re arriving on Friday the 16th of
April and leaving on Saturday the 17th. That’s one night in a double room with a king-
sized bed with breakfast
- Edward: That’s right. Thank you very much.

Exercise 2.1.10:
1. a farm 2. Fruit 3. chickens
4. (the) animals 5. Summer 6. supermarkets
7. local shops 8. (the) public
Audioscript
My name’s Alice and (1) I work on a farm in the south east of England. (2) Mostly, we grow
fruit, (3) but we also keep chickens, ducks and dairy cows. So, we have to work outside
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quite a lot, even in the winter, when it’s cold and dark. That’s the worst part of the job,
really. (4) You know, having to go out in the rain and snow to feed the animals. (5) But the
summer’s totally different. I really enjoy being outdoors, helping the fruit pickers and
loading the trucks. (6) We deliver most of our fruit to supermarkets. (7) But we also supply
local shops with our milk, eggs and cheese. In fact, we produce so much cheese and fruit
that (8) we even sell them directly to the public in our farm shop.

Exercise 2.1.11:
1.Pargetter 2.East 3.library
4.morning/mornings 5.postbox
Audioscript
Thorndyke’s.
- Good morning. Is that Mr Thorndyke?
- Speaking. How can I help?
- I’ve got quite a few things which need painting and fixing in the flat and I wonder
whether you'd be able to do the work.
- I’m sure I’d be able to help but let me take down a few details.
- Yes, of course.
- Well, firstly, how did you hear about us?
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- It was my friend Mav Hamoton ... you did some excellent work for her a couple of
years ago.
- Do you remember?
- Oh, yes, that was in West Park Flats, lovely lady.
- Yes, she is.
- And what’s your name, please?
- It's Edith Pargetter.
- Edith ... can you spell your surname, please?
- (1) It's P-A-R-G-E-double T-E-R.
- Double T, right. And do you live in West Park Flats as well?
- (2) No, actually it’s East Park, Flat 4.
- Oh, right, that’s over the road, I seem to remember - quite difficult to get to.
- (3) Yes, it’s at the back of the library.
- Right, I know. And what’s your phone number?
- 875934 but I’m out a great deal in the afternoons and evenings.
- (4) So would the best time to ring you be in the morning?
- Yes.
- Fine. I've made a note of that. Can I just ask, I'll be in a van and I know parking’s
rather difficult round your flats. Where would you recommend?
- Well, (5) I always tell people in larger vehicles to park by the postbox on the other
side of the road from the entrance.

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Exercise 2.1.12:
1. 4/four 2. 46 Wombat 3. 3345 9865
4. Thursday
Audioscript
- Good morning. Welcome to the Early Learning Childcare Centre. How may I help
you?
- Hi. I spoke to you last week about enrolling my daughter for next year.
- Oh, yes. I’ll just get some details from you. So, you're her mother?
- That’s right.
- And, can I have your name?
- It’s Carol, Carol Smith.
- And your daughter’s name?
- It's Kate.
- Now, we have several groups at the centre and we cater for children from three to
five years old. How old is your daughter?
- She’s three now but she turns four next month.
- (1) I’ll put four down because that's how old she'll be when she starts.
- Fine, she’s so excited about her birthday and coming to the centre.
- That’s good to hear. And what's your address?
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- (2) It’s 46 Wombat Road, that's W-O-M-B-A-T. Woodside 4032.

- And what’s the phone number?
- (3) Oh ... it’s ... 3345 9865.
- So, have you decided on the days you’d like to bring your daughter here?
- I’d prefer Monday and Wednesday if possible.
- Mmm. I'll check, Monday’s fine, but I think the centre is already full for Wednesday.
Erm. Yes. Sorry. It seems to be a very popular day. We can offer you a Thursday or a
Friday as well.
- Oh dear. (4) I suppose Thursday would be all right because she has swimming on
Friday.
- OK, got that.

Exercise 2.1.13:

1. Grieg 2. 15(th) March/ March 15(th)

3. 4 Ellendale 4. W52AT
Audioscript
- Police: Hello, London Police Department.
- Anna: yes, I would like to report a robbery.

-
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- Police: Alright, just a minute while I pull up the form. OK, could you give your first
name and last name?
Anna: Anna Grieg.
- Police: Anna, Greg? G-R-E-G?
- Anna: No, Grieg. (1) G-R-I-E-G.
- Police:: Got it. Alright moving on: gender – female. Date of birth?
- Anna: (2) the 15th of March, 1980.
- Police: Alright, thanks. Just a few more personal information questions and then we
can address your claim.
- Anna: Alright.
- Police: What is the address?
- Anna: 4 Ellendale Street. (3) That’s E-L-L-E-N-D-A-L-E.
- Police: Oh right, Ellendale Street. Yeah we’ve had a lot of break-ins in that area
lately. And the postal code?
- Anna: (4) W5 2AT
- Police: And are you a citizen of the UK?
- Anna: No
- Police: Ok, what type of citizenship do you have?
- Anna: well, I lived in the United States for most of my life, but I am actually of
Grenadian nationality.
- Police: Okay, so is that the country that issued your passport?
- Anna: Yes.
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- Police: Alright.

Exercise 2.1.14:
1. Framlington 2. 07987 44 11 92 3. 2/two adults
4. 5/five nights (only) 5. 4/four
Audioscript
- Receptionist: Good afternoon, Italianbreaks. My name’s Margaret. How can I help
you?
- John: Hi, I’d like to book a short break in Italy – hotel and flights combined.
- Receptionist: Anywhere in particular?
- John: Yes. Venice, if possible. We’ve been looking at some of your brochures and I
want to check if you have any special deals.
- Receptionist: Right. Let’s have a look and see what we’ve got. Right, mmm. Okay.
I’ve got the screen up. Can you just give me a few personal details?
- John: Sure.
- Receptionist: First, can I just take your name please and a contact telephone
number?
- John: Certainly. (1) It’s John Framlington. That’s F-R-A-M-L-I-N-G-T-O-N and I’ll give
you my mobile number. I can’t always remember it. Yes, here it is. It’s (2) 07987 44
11 92.
-
-
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Receptionist: 44 11 92
John: That’s it.
- Receptionist: and how many people is it for?
- John: (3) just two adults.
- Receptionist: Okay. Any particular price range?
- John: It’s our first wedding anniversary and…
- Receptionist: Congratulation!
- John: Thank you. So we wanted somewhere nice, but not too expensive. We would
like to make it something to remember. Maybe, in the medium price range.
- Receptionist: Okay. How many nights do you plan to stay?
- John: (4) Five nights only. That gives us plenty of time to do sight-seeing and to
relax.
- Receptionist: Right, that’s five nights only. And what type of hotel?
- John: We initially thought of going for a five star, that might be too expensive. So
we’ve been looking at four star hotels.
- Receptionist: We’ve got quite a few in our brochure, (5) but the one I would
recommend is the Hotel Scotland. It’s four star and I know there are rooms
available because I have just made a booking for another client there.
- John: I didn’t notice that one. I don’t know how I didn’t see it.
- Receptionist: It’s easy to miss them. I’ve also stayed there myself as we sometimes
have to go and check out the hotels and of all the ones I visited this was my
favourite.
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- John: oh, right

Exercise 2.1.15:
1. 27 Bank Road 2. 730453 3. dentist
4. 1200 5. Sable 6. 1997
7. stolen
Audioscript
- Woman: Hello, motor insurance department
- Man: Oh hello, I’d like to ask about insurance for my car.
- Woman: Yes, of course. I’ll just take a few details. What’s your name?
- Man: Patrick Jones.
- Woman: And your address?
- Man: (1) It’s 27 Bank Road.
- Woman: 27 Bank Road. Is that in Greendale?
- Man: Yes.
- Woman: And what’s your daytime phone number?
- Man: (2) My work number is 730453
- Woman: And could I ask what your occupation is?
- Man: (3) dentist
-
-
-
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Woman: OK, now a few details about your car. What size of the engine?
Man: (4) it’s 1200 ccs
Woman: Thank you. And the make and model?
- Man: It’s a Hewton Sable.
- Woman: Could you spell the model name please?
- Man: (5) Yes, S-A-B-L-E
- Woman: Ah yes. Thanks. And when was it made?
- Man: (6) 1997
- Woman: Lovely. Right. I presume you’ve had a previous insurer?
- Man: Yes.
- Woman: Right. We need to know the name of the company.
- Man: Yes, it was Northern Star.
- Woman: Thank you, and have you made any insurance claims in the last five years?
- Man: Yes, one in 1999.
- Woman: And what was the problem?
- Man: (7) It was stolen, but…
- Woman: That’s fine, Mr Jones. That’s all we need to know at the moment…
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Exercise 2.1.16:
1. Charlton 2. 115 3. cash
4. parking 5. music 6. entry
Audioscript:
- OFFICIAL: Hello?
- WOMAN: Oh, hello. I wanted to enquire about hiring a room in the Village Hall, for
the evening of September the first.
- OFFICIAL: Let me just see ... Yes, we have both rooms available that evening. There’s
our Main Hall - that’s got seating for 200 people. Or there’s the Charlton Room ...
- WOMAN: Sorry?
- OFFICIAL: The Charlton Room – (1) C-H-A-R L-T-O-N. That’s got seating for up to one
hundred.
- WOMAN: Well, we’re organising a dinner to raise money for a charity, and we’re
hoping for at least 150 people, so I think we’ll go for the Main Hall. How much would
that cost?
- OFFICIAL: Let's see. You wanted it for the evening of September the first?
- WOMAN: Yes, that’s a Saturday.
- OFFICIAL: (2) So from six pm to midnight that'd be £115 - that’s the weekend price,
it’s £75 on weekdays.
- WOMAN: That’s all right.
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OFFICIAL: And I have to tell you there’s also a deposit of £250, which is returnable of
course as Iong as there's no damage. (3) But we do insist that this is paid in cash ,
we don't take cards for that. You can pay the actual rent of the room however you
like though - cash, credit card, cheque ...
- WOMAN: Oh, well I suppose that's OK. So does the charge include use of tables and
chairs and so on?
- OFFICIAL: Oh, yes.
- WOMAN: (4) And what about parking ?
- OFFICIAL: Yeah, that's all included. The only thing that isn't included is ... you said
you were organising a dinner?
- WOMAN: Yeah.
- OFFICIAL: Well, you’ll have to pay extra for the kitchen if you want to use that, it’s
£25. It’s got very good facilities - good quality cookers and fridges and so on.
- WOMAN: OK, well I suppose that’s all right. We can cover the cost in our entry
charges.
- OFFICIAL: Right. So I’ll make a note of that. Now there are just one or two things you
need to think about before the event. (5) For example, you’ll have to see about
getting a licence if you’re planning to have any music during the meal.
- WOMAN: Oh, really?
- OFFICIAL: It’s quite straightforward, I’ll give you the details later on. (6) And about a
week or ten days before your event you’ll need to contact the caretaker, that’s Mr
Evans, to make the arrangements for entry - he’ll sort that out with you.
- WOMAN: And do I give him the payment as well?
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- OFFICIAL: No, you do that directly with me.

Exercise 2.1.17:

1. second/2nd
2. Braithwaite
3. Sports Journalism
4. 0774 562 008
Audioscript:
- A: I'm really sorry to keep you but before you go, could I just ask you which year
you're in?
- B: Yes, it's my first year at this university but I'm actually in my (1) second year.
- A: Do you belong to the Students' Union?
- B: Well. I joined when I first started my course but I can't say that I've been very
active.
- A: Would you be willing to attend any of our meetings?
- B: Ok. Where are they and when do they take place?
- A: You've got all the details on this sheet. Would you mind providing me with some
personal background information?
- B: Sure.
-
-
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A: Right. if I could just start with your name...
B: Michael Braithwaite.
A: Could you just spell your second name, please?
- B: Certainly, (2) B-R-A-I-T-H-W-A-1-T-E.
- A: Right. and your age.
- B: 20 - actually, I'm 21 next month.
- A: I'll just write down the age you are now. And which department are you with?
- B: Well, you may still find me registered with the Business Studies Department.
because that was my original course, but I've changed to (3) Sports Journalism.
- A: That'll be enough, I think. We should be able to find the rest of your information
from the bursar but just in case, can I have your mobile number?
- B: Uh, yes of course. Do you want my email address as well?
- A: No, that won't be necessary yet. We'll get it off you later.
- B: Okay then. (4) It's 0774 562 003, sorry double oh 8.
- A: Right. I've got that. Thank you for your time and we look forward to seeing you at
the next meeting.
- B: Yeah, thanks. Bye.

Exercise 2.1.18:

1.hostel 2.Buckleigh 3.PE97QT

4.waiter 5.politics
HoisachIELTS.com

Audioscript:
- CAROLINE: Good Morning. Youth Council. Caroline speaking.
- ROGER: Oh, hello, I’m interested in standing for election to the Youth Council, and I
was told to give you a call.
- CAROLINE: That’s good. Could I have your name, please?
- ROGER: Yes, it’s Roger Brown .
- CAROLINE: Thank you. I’m Caroline, the Youth Council administrator. So do you know
much about what the Council does, Roger?
- ROGER: I’ve talked to Stephanie - l think she’s the chair of the Council.
- CAROLINE: That's right.
- ROGER: And she told me a lot about it. How it’s a way for young people to discuss
local issues, for example, and make suggestions to the town council. That's what
made me interested.
- CAROLINE: Fine. Well let me take down some of your details. First of all, how old are
you. You know the Council is for young people aged from 13 to 18?
- ROGER: I’ve just turned 18.
- CAROLINE: And where do you live, Roger?
- ROGER: Well, that’s a bit complicated. At the moment I’m looking for a flat to rent
here, (1) so I’m in a hostel from Monday to Friday. I go back to my parents’ place at
the weekend.
- CAROLINE: OK so where’s the best place to send you some information about the
Council.
- ROGER: Oh to my parents’ address, please. (2) That's 17, Buckleigh Street - B-U-C-

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KL-E-l-G-H Street, Stamford, Lincolnshire, though you don’t really need the county.
CAROLINE: Oh, I know Stamford - it’s a lovely town. And what’s the postcode?
- ROGER: (3) PE9 7QT
- CAROLINE: Right, thank you. So are you working here, or are you a student.
- ROGER: I started studying at the university a couple of weeks ago, and I've got a
parttime job for a few hours a week.
- CAROLINE: What do you do?
- ROGER: Well, I’ve done several different things. I've just finished a short-term
contract as a courier, and (4) now I’m working as a waiter in one of the big hotels.
- CAROLINE: Uhuh. That can't leave you much time for studying!
- ROGER: Oh, it’s not too bad. I manage to fit it all in.
- CAROLINE: What are you studying?
- ROGER: My ambition is to go into parliament eventually, (5) so my major subject is
politics . That’s partly why I think the Youth Council is important and want to be a
part of it.
- CAROLINE: And I suppose you’re also taking a minor subject, aren’t you? I know a lot
of people study economics too.
- ROGER: I chose history. To be honest, I’m not finding it as interesting as I expected!

Exercise 2.1.19:
1. special offer
2. vegetarian
HoisachIELTS.com

3. -garden.com
4. (Thursday) 14th December
5. 0786 587 644
Audioscript:
- B: Right. So how much does it cost all together?
- A: Depends on when you want to book. We have a (1) special offer on at the
moment. If you come in the week, it works out cheaper. So. it's only 16.50 if you
dine here between Monday and Thursday but 18.50 on Friday and the weekend. You
do have to pay extra for any additional drinks but tips are included in the price.
- B: Oh, ok. That sounds reasonable. Do we get a choice of different courses? I love all
kinds of Chinese food but some of us are vegetarian.
- A: But of course! You get a very good selection for the price and (2) not all dishes
contain meat. For each course there is a choice of four different dishes. If you visit
our website at www.oriental (3) -garden.com, you can take a look at the menu
together and send us your orders before you arrive.
- B: Just a minute. Just getting a pen.... Is oriental garden all one word?
- A: No, there's a dash separating the words... So when are you planning to come? I'm
afraid that the week before Christmas is already booked up.
- B: No, I understand. How about the 12th of December. Is that okay?
- A: Let me have a look. Yes, that seems to be all right. That's Tuesday.
- B: Oh no! I thought it was Thursday. Could you make it Thursday at - say - 8 o'clock?
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A: Yes, that's absolutely fine. So that'll be (4) Thursday the 14th at eight o'clock.
Could I take a contact number from you?
- B: Urn. I'll give you my mobile number. I can never remember the thing off the top of
my head. Hang on. Here it is - (5) it's 0786 587 644.
- A: Thank you very much. We look forward to seeing you. Goodbye.
- B: Goodbye.

Exercise 2.1.20:
1. Geoffrey 2. 19th September 3. 210 4. cash
Audioscript:
- Reception: Good afternoon. Royal. Mount Hotel. How may I help you?
- Customer: Hello ... Er, I'd like to book a twin room, please, for next week.
- Reception: One minute, please ... just check if we have one available.... Yes, we do,
sir. Now, I just need to take down a few details, if I may.
- Customer: Yes, of course.
- Reception: What name is the booking under?
- Customer: My name ... (1) Duncan Geoffrey. That's G-E-O-double F-R-ELY.
- Reception: G-E-O-double F-R-E-Y. Aha. And could I have a contact telephone number,
please?
- Customer: Yes, 5762 23821.
- Reception: When will you be arriving, sir?
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- Customer: (2) Some time on the evening of the nineteenth.

- Reception: Of September?
- Customer: Yes, and we'll be leaving on the twenty-third. How much will that be in
total?
- Reception: So ... That's a twin room ... For a twin, it would normally be £235, but I
can give you a special rate as it's tow season: (3) £210 for the six nights.
- Customer: Great. Thank you.
- Reception: And how would you like to pay, sir? We accept cash, cheque, or credit
card.
- Customer: (4) I'll pay cash on arrival, if that's OK.
- Reception: Of course, sir. We look forward to seeing you.

Exercise 2.1.21:
1. Carter 2. 636197 3. Riverside Hotel 4. 2.00/2/two
Audioscript:
Tourist Office assistant (TOA)
- TOA: Hello, how can I help you?
- Tourist: Urn, hello. Is it possible to book a bus tour of the city here?
- TOA: Of course, sir. When would you Like to take the tour? There are tours in the
morning, afternoon, and evening ... sometimes it's nice to see the city at night with

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the buildings lit up.
Tourist: We'll be going out for dinner tonight, so, we'd prefer to go this afternoon.
Oh, and it's for two people.
- TOA: Right. Now I just need some details. Can you give me the names of the two
people, please?
- Tourist: Yes. Susan Field, and James Carter.
- TOA: Susan Field and James - sorry, can you spell your surname for me, please?
- Tourist: It's Carter. (1) C-A-R-T-E-R.
- TOA: Thank you. And can I have a contact telephone number?
- Tourist: Why do you need one?
- TOA: Just in case we have to cancel the tour and need to contact you.
- Tourist: I see. Well, my mobile number is (2) 07988 636197 (0-7-9-double 8 6 3 6 1 9
7).
- TOA: That's 07988 636197. Now, can you also tell me which hotel you're staying at?
- Tourist: The Crest Hotel. Oh no, sorry. That's the hotel we're staying in next week. (3)
It's the Riverside Hotel.
- TOA: Oh! The Riverside is a lovely hotel. Are you enjoying your stay?
- Tourist: Yes, we are, very much. We'd definitely recommend it to others.
- TOA: Oh, I am glad. Now, I can book you on the tour at 4 p.m. Would that suit you?
Alternatively, there is one at two.
- Tourist: (4) Two would be better for us, please.
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Exercise 2.1.22:

1. rains 2. (any) electrical equipment 3. crouch down

4. first aider 5. 80%/eighty per cent
Audioscript:
- Charlotte: Do you want to make a start on our Natural Earth project? I think our idea
of a lightning safety presentation is great, don't you, Rachel?
- Rachel: Yes, I think it'll be really good ... I have a few ideas already.
- Charlotte: Great! Me, too. I think we should divide it into two parts: what to do if
you're inside when lightning strikes, and what to do if you're outside. What do you
think?
- Rachel: That's good, but we need more. Something about planning for this kind of
event. And also, what to do if someone gets hit by lightning.
- Charlotte: I can't believe I forgot that! Of course! Well, what should we talk about in
the first part?
- Rachel: I think we should say it's important to be aware. (1) Lightning is always
before rain, so don't wait until it rains. As soon as you hear thunder or lightning, you
should get inside.
- Charlotte: OK, yes. And then if you're indoors, you should avoid water. Stay away
from doors and windows, and don't use the telephone.
-

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Rachel: (2) Or any electrical equipment. In fact, if you can, switch it off first. And
you should wait half an hour after the last clap of thunder before going back outside.
Charlotte: And if you're outside when it storms, you also need to avoid water. Try
and get inside as soon as possible. There are certain things you should avoid ... open
spaces ... anything large and made of metal. And of course the obvious one: trees.
- Rachel: (3) But we should mention that if lightning strikes very near you, you need to
crouch down.
- Charlotte: Oh! Is that right? I thought you had to stand still.
- No, that's actually wrong - you're supposed to crouch down ...
- Charlotte:... and put your hands over your ears. The noise can damage your hearing
if you don't. OK ... I think we've got quite a lot here. Only the last part to go. Now:
what to do if someone gets hit.
- Rachel: I think we should say that it's very rare for someone to get hit by lightning.
Our talk sounds as if there's danger all around! We should try and make it sound a
bit more reassuring!
- Charlotte: Yes, you're right - we'll say it doesn't happen often. It's just better to be
safe than sorry. But what should we say about getting hit by lightning?
- Rachel: Well, I think we should say it's safe to touch people who've been hit by
lightning they don't have any electrical charge! (4) If there's a first aider around,
then they should help them. Otherwise, it's just best to call for an ambulance. (5)
And we should remind our audience that eighty per cent of lightning victims don't
get fatally injured! That should calm everyone's nerves!
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Exercise 2.1.23:
1. system
2. instructions
3. help / assist
4. variety
5. expensive
6. parking space(s)
7. entrance
Audioscript:
- A: Excuse me. I wonder if you'd mind answering a few questions.
- B: Will it take long? I haven't got much time. I've got a lecture in about ten minutes.
- A: No, it won't take more than a few minutes and it will benefit you. You see, the
Student Union has put together this questionnaire to find out if there are any
problems with the facilities on campus and hopefully come up with a few ideas with
a view to solving them.
- B: Oh, all right then if it's quick.
- A: Great. Right, first question. Which facilities do you tend to use the most?
- B: Well, I don't use the library as much as I should and I haven't set foot inside the
gym.
- A: Is there any reason for this?
- B: Um. There are plenty of books but the few times I went to use the library I
couldn't really get the hang of (1) the system so I don't really bother now. There's a

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reasonable selection of books in the library downtown.
A: So, what you're saying is that we need a better database with clearer (2)
instructions.
- B: I suppose so. and the reason I don't use the gym is I prefer out-door exercise like
football or rugby. One good thing is the outdoor pitches are really well looked after
and there's always (3) someone on hand to help you if you need anything.
- A: Fine. One minute ... lust taking that down. How about the other facilities that you
use?
- B: Well, um ... I think I use the cafeteria the most and ... urn ... the car park. The
cafeteria's ok, I suppose. It's cheap and the food's quite nice, but one thing I find is
that it doesn't have a great deal of (4) variety. I've had hamburgers twice this week
already.
- A: But it doesn't discourage you from using it.
- B: No, as I said, I use it the most but that's because it's on campus and the food is
reasonable. Anyway, I don't really have enough time to go into town to eat and even
if I did. I (5) couldn't afford to do it every day.
- A: I see. So it's only the menu you're concerned about?
- B: Pretty much, yeah. It's clean and the staff are friendly enough.
- A: You mentioned the car park.
- B: Yes, it's usually all right if you get in early before nine o'clock but if, for instance,
you've got a later lesson at say around I I o'clock then it's pretty much impossible to
find a (6) parking space. Take today, I had to park in one of the back streets behind
campus. It took me more than 5 minutes to reach the (7) entrance, sometimes it's
more than 10.
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- A: Hmm. That's a difficult one. I'll have to put it to the committee.

- B: Thanks, I'd appreciate it but I really must be going.

Exercise 2.1.24:
1. food
2. Safety and Security
3. social beings
4. motivated and successful
5. winning a medal
Audioscript:
- Tutor: Well, Simon. How are you getting on with your research?
- Simon: To be honest, there was quite a lot to cover and I'm not even half way
through my materials. Motivation in the Workplace seems to be a well-discussed
topic and there is a lot of divergence of opinions.
- Tutor: Indeed there is. And this can make it difficult to decide which approach you
want to take. So that's why you should make sure that you've got a clear idea in your
head before you go ahead with your draft. It's too easy to digress and end up
discussing a completely different subject.
- Simon: Well, I've got quite a few ideas together. First of all, I've been looking at the
definition of motivation in the workplace — you know; and what makes you tick so
to speak. And I found out that basically you can put it down to internal and external

-
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factors such as personal drive and the working environment.
Tutor: Could you be more specific?
- Simon: Umm ... according to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, there are five levels of
need. He presents this as a pyramid diagram to illustrate his point. The first and most
fundamental one is at the bottom of the pyramid and demonstrates people's
physiological needs. These are really basic requirements such as (1) food, water, a
healthy body and so on. In the developed world these are things we take for granted
but there are those in poorer countries who regard them as a luxury. The next level
is to do with (2) safety and security. He states that we need to have a roof over our
heads to feel secure and to live in a society with a proper law enforcement system,
that sort of thing... Again, something most of us would take for granted. Uh both of
these levels are based on external factors but this is not always the case. The third
one could be seen as being more internal, although not entirely. That's the
importance of love and belonging. Maslow believes that humans are (3) social
beings and therefore need to bond and interact with others in order to achieve
their potential. Without interaction a person becomes introverted and may even
suf-fer from psychological problems.
- Tutor: So, how did you apply these theories to the essay itself?
- Simon: Well, if these needs are not satisfied, there is a detrimental effect on the
general overall performance in the workplace. The lower the level, the more
immediate the effect on the person con-cerned. I've put together a file of
psychological case studies to back up my point if you want to take a look. Tutor: I
don't think that will be necessary at this point but I'd like to go through them with
you in next Monday's seminar. So what did you make of the final levels? Simon:
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Well, these are more directly associated with the workplace. The next one outlines
the importance of both self-respect and the respect we receive from others. So love
and friendship only accounts partially for our sociological and psychological needs. I
suppose you could say that mutual respect and status in the workplace is a
prerequisite for a (4) motivated and successful worker. And finally — at the top of
the pyramid — self-actualisation.
- Tutor: And what does that mean to you?
- Simon: Well, I think it's pretty much a universal concept. It means realising your
capabilities and utilising them in order to fulfil your potential. It motivates people to
do things such as studying for a degree, opening a business, (5) winning a medal in
sporting events and that sort of thing. In a word, it's the key to success and self-
fulfilment.
- Tutor: So what do you conclude from all this?
- Simon: Basically, it seems that most people require a reasonably good standard of
living in order to reach their potential. For instance, you don't hear of many top
bankers or politicians who come from a poor background, do you? Both money and
education is added to the equation which often equals success. Urn ... so
fundamental needs have to be met in order for the employee to succeed. Without
these it is often the case that he or she lacks self-respect and consequently the
motivation to get ahead.
- Tutor: Well, you seem to have covered the main points in the first section. Now let's
focus on the workplace itself...

HoisachIELTS.com
Exercise 2.1.25:
1. European
2. financial independence
3. unstable economically
4. community spirit
5. poor
6. religion
7. family/familial
Audioscript:
Lecturer: So, welcome to your introductory history lecture. Today we will be examining
history in its most general terms and attempting to personalise it with questions such as
what does it mean to me and how it shapes the world that we live in. Naturally, one lecture
is hardly sufficient to cover such an extensive area but I hope to pro-vide you with enough
background information to inspire you to do more research for yourselves.
I'm first going to focus on the more personal aspect of what history means to us. In the
auditorium today many of us come from diverse cultural backgrounds - Europe. Asia.
Australia and so on. We all have our individual cultures, don't we? Where do they come
from? Why am I the way I am? This is where History comes in. Think on this: if you had been
born in another country, how would your attitude to the world differ? Take family life. for
example; in (1) European and North American culture you can see that families form tight
nuclear units. Basically, the parents or parent lives with their children, without any other
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relatives. including the grandparents. When they come of age. the children often leave
home and set up their own lives, eventually buying their own homes. All of this would
indicate a prolonged period of affluence in society, which subsequently leads to greater (2)
financial independence and personal freedom at a younger age. Some may perceive this as
being a positive phenomenon and rightly so - it can be. However, on the flip side of the coin,
it can also form the basis for social disintegration with families drifting apart. However, even
in the most affluent societies, during times of recession this trend changes and children
often stay with their parents for much longer. This is also true for people who live in (3)
economically unstable countries such as those in South America or Africa. It has been
observed on countless occasions that financial constraints bring both the family and the
community together creating stronger social cohesion. An example of this in Britain was
during the Second World War when money was short and food was rationed. People's
homes were often bombed and many lost their livelihood but they worked together to
repair their lives; women farmed the land when the men were away fighting. This is what is
commonly known as (4) community spirit, which comes to light in times of hardship - the
slums of Mumbai are one of the best examples of this. Many people are often crowded
into one dwelling, food is scarce, disease is rife and there is (5) poor sanitation. Yet, despite
all these obstacles, the people seem to be happy with their lives - something, unfortunately,
which does not always apply to western society. These models, however, can only serve as
generalisations as there are other factors which may come into play. For instance, they can-
not be applied to family life in the oil-rich Middle East where (6) religious laws play a key
part in the social pattern. In this case, religious doctrine, not financial dependence, has
shaped family life and society as it has done for many centuries. The importance of the

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extended family is paramount in these countries; with the elders deciding (7) familial,
social and political norms. So we've covered some but by no means all the factors that
affect us personally. These and others will be analysed in greater detail later on in the
course.
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2.2. Sentence Completion

Exercise 2.2.1:
1. not that difficult 2. (highly) knowledgeable
3. alone 4. not pass

Audioscript:
- Sally: Hi, Dad. How are you?
- Father: I'm fine, Sally. How's the course going?
- Sally: It's going well, actually. (1) I'm really enjoying my math course at the moment,
mainly because it's not that difficult compared to the other modules.
- Father: Good. And what about the tutors - what are they like?
- Sally: (2) Well, I've got four, and they're all highly knowledgeable, but Professor
Jones is my favourite - I really respond well to the way he teaches.
- Father: And are your fellow students nice, too?
- Sally: Yes, I've made lots of new friends, and everyone seems to be very hard-
working. The course has lots of group work, but to be honest, this isn't really the way
I like to study – (3) I prefer to study alone.
- Father: Oh, well, I suppose not everything can be perfect.
- Sally: I know, Dad, you're right. In fact, there is one thing I'm a bit concerned about.

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My statistics module. (4) I think I might not pass it.
Father: Well, let's wait and see, shalt we - there's plenty of time to improve. Don't
worry about it yet, OK?
- Sally: Thanks, Dad, try not to.

Exercise 2.2.2:
1. fortnight / 2 weeks
2. end of January
3. (full) adult price / £6.20
4. Students' Union Office
Audioscript:
- Simon: Did you want to ask something?
- Student: Err. yes. how often do the tours run and is there an admission charge?
- Simon: Well. Let me see...The answer to that is that we still run (1) fortnightly
excursions for this particular attraction but we've introduced a few new tours; umm,
you'll have to check your updated itineraries for any changes. There should be a
revised list attached to the back of your brochure. As for the admission charge, er
according to this. the student rate was E3.80 until the (2) end of January but you'll
see that it went up at the beginning of the following month to E4.15. which is not
going to break the bank even on a student's budget, and its still much lower than the
(3) full adult price of £6.20. You will have to show your student card when you go in
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- so don't forget to bring it along. Well that's about it. apart from booking. This can
be done in two ways: you can either do it at the reception at the (4) Students'
Union Office during office hours or go online and book it through our website
www.citytours.com.uk. You are welcome to browse and our site is really user-
friendly so you shouldn't have any problems. Now, let's take a look at the night life...

Exercise 2.2.3:
1. week or two 2. giving of presents 3. at the bottom
4. Christmas morning 5. the chimney 6. big turkey dinner
7. the Commonwealth 8. watch football
Audioscript:
The Christmas season begins very early in Britain. By the end of October, you may see
Christmas decorations in the streets and Christmas cards and gifts in the shops.
Traditionally, people start to decorate their houses a (1) week or two before 25th
December, which is Christmas Day.
There are a lot of traditions connected with Christmas. The most important one is the (2)
giving of presents. Family members wrap up their gifts and leave them (3) at the bottom of
the Christmas tree to be found on (4) Christmas morning. Children leave a long sock or
stocking at the end of their bed on Christmas Eve, 24th December, hoping that Father
Christmas will come down (5) the chimney during the night and bring them small presents,
fruit and nuts. They are not usually disappointed. Sometimes on Christmas Day, the family
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will sit down for a (6) big turkey dinner and Christmas pudding. Later in the afternoon, they
may watch the Queen on television as she delivers her traditional Christmas message to the
United Kingdom and (7) the Commonwealth. If they have room for even more food, they
may enjoy a piece of Christmas cake or eat a hot mince pie. 26'h December is also a public
holiday, Boxing Day, and this is the time to visit friends and relatives or (8) watch football.

Exercise 2.2.4:
1. (a) US tour/ trans-Atlantic tour
2. her local theatre
3. 12 / twelve years ago
4. wasn't that/very good
Audioscript:
- RP: And here on Radio Southendean, we have a special guest this evening, Anne
French, director of 'Never too far', the smash hit musi-cal from the West End of
London, which is currently touring the country. And it's being staged for three nights,
from the 22nd to the 24th of March, at our very own Southendean Theatre.
Welcome to our studio, Anne. I'm so glad you could make it.
- Anne: Me too, it's been all go. We've had a tremendously busy schedule. We've just
finished our last show in the West End and are working 24/7 preparing for our (1)
Trans-Atlantic tour coming up at the end of May. It'll be my first time in the US and
I'm really looking forward to it.
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- RP: That sounds great: but it sounds like you really have got a lot on your plate. So
Anne, why us?
- Anne: That's what I've been asking myself. No. seriously, John. This was… IS my (2)
local theatre. And that's why it's so special. I used to go to school around the corner
from here. Can you believe that? (RP laughs) I started directing performances in this
very theatre: purely on an amateur basis. Of course, I was still very inexperienced. I
suppose it must have been ... what? 10? No, (3) 12 years ago? This is where it all
started: and this is where I finally got my break.
- RP: So, you must have a lot of happy memories here.
- Anne: Yeah, so many good memories. Umm... One that springs to mind is when we
put on the local Christmas panto. It was the first time I'd ever directed anything and
to be honest it (4) wasn't that good. On the big day. I remember being really
nervous but luckily everyone was so supportive. They cheered and booed in all the
right places and I've never been given so many flowers in all my life. It really feels like
I'm coming home.
- RP: It's good to have you back. So, tell us a bit about the musical. Not all of us have
been to the West End, you know.

Exercise 2.2.5:
1. mini tape recorder 2. stationery 3. World Trade 4. 10.30 am
Audioscript:
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- Judy: Well, you're going to be busy - and so am I. We've got a long list of essays to do
starting the week after next, but that's okay. I'm good at word processing. What
concerns me is taking notes at the seminars and lectures. I hope that I can keep up.
Only I'm not that quick at getting things down and when I try to write fast. I can't
understand my own writing. Can we use an iPod or something?
- Gary: Well, I don't think they're that clear when you are recording in a big area.
Some students take photos of other people's notes after-wards but I think it's better
to have one of those (1) mini tape recorders - you know, the ones like the journalists
have. I've heard they're really good.
- Judy: Yeah, that sounds like exactly what I need, but where can I get hold of one of
these recorders?
- Gary: The university shop sells them. They're not too expensive either. How much
were they? Umm I think it was something like 20 or 25 pounds. Anyway, it wasn't
too much.
- Judy: Great. I haven't been to the shop yet so I can take a look around and buy
whatever I need.
- Gary: Well, you know that you have to supply your own (2) stationery as well as text
books. They've got a big selection if you need anything.
- Judy: I don't think so. I've got all that I need - pens, pencils, notebooks - no
difference from college, really. So what's your first lecture on?
- Gary: Just a minute. Emm, it says somewhere on my handbook. Here it is 'The
Influence of Globalisation on (3) World Trade' and that's first thing on Monday
morning at nine o'clock.
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- Judy: Sounds like the perfect way to start your week (laughs). Rather you than me.
- Gary: I'm sure it'll be okay. What about you?
- Judy: Well, I'm luckier than you. Most of my lectures start after ten o'clock and I
don't start mine until mid-morning on Tuesday and it says here that it's on 'The
History of Archaeology', and it's from (4) 10.30 to 12.
- Gary: Well, good luck with that one. I think I prefer mine.
- Judy: Anyway, I'm off to the shop now. Don't want to be late for lunch.
- Gary: Okay. See you there then!

Exercise 2.2.6:
1.old-fashioned 2.hygiene 3.demotivate 4.risen 5.control
Audioscript:
- Simon: That tutorial went pretty well I thought. How did yours go?
- Suzie: Yeah, fine. He seemed to be pleased with what I'd found out. So what've you
been researching for your essay?
- Simon: Oh you know, mainly Maslow's theory and all that.
- Suzie: Oh, I haven't had a proper look at that yet. But from what I saw, I found his
theories a bit (1 ) old-fashioned. Mine is more focused around the two-factor
theory.
- Simon: That's by the American psychologist, Herzburg, right?
-
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Suzie: Uhu I've been reading up on it over the last few weeks and it's really
interesting. I've made pages of notes and come up with loads of ideas. How come
you haven't had a look? It's one of the compulsory topics we need to cover.
- Simon: I know, but I've been so tied up with reading other stuff and I just haven't got
round to it yet. So what's it about anyway? So, would you recommend it as a top
read?
- Suzie: I wouldn't go that far but I can tell you that ifs worth reading for this essay. It
sets out a lot of ideas really clearly and it's really helped me to generate ideas and
organise my first draft. Briefly, Herzburg created two categories. The first one is (2)
hygiene factors and the second is motivating factors.
- Simon: So, how is hygiene associated with motivation?
- Suzie: Well actually, it's not really to do with keeping physically healthy; more like
keeping psychologically healthy. Some of the examples he gives are: pay, which
obviously is one of the main reasons we work; the number of hours we spend in our
workplace — he suggests that we can be (3) demotivated by working long hours
with poor reward — and the effect that working conditions have on the employee.
He also mentions about differences in leadership styles and the relationship
between colleagues in the working environment.
- Simon: So far that sounds pretty similar to Maslow's theory. What's the difference?
- Suzie: Well, there are a number of differences but the main one is that he did not
consider Maslow's more basic needs at the bottom of the pyramid to be relevant to
modern life. The standard of living has (4) risen a lot since the early twentieth
century.
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- Simon: Ah. I see. You mentioned motivating factors.

- Suzie: Yes, these are also important and include the need to experience things like a
sense of achievement, challenge and responsibility, and opportunities to gain
promotion. Basically, he is saying that it is essential that we should have some (5)
control over our working environment and that, generally speaking, people who
work in a team are more likely to succeed than those who don't.
- Simon: Thanks Suzie. That's given me quite a lot to think about. I'll take a look at it
over the weekend.

Exercise 2.2.7:
1. pumping 2. produced 3. John Kay 4. water 5. faster
Audioscript:
Lecturer: Today's lecture forms part of the 19th century Britain module. Last week we took
a look at the 'Jacobin Tradition' and the changing attitude of the working class. Today, we're
going to explore the origins of one of the most significant phenomena in modern history -
the Industrial Revolution. This can be traced back as far as Thomas Savey, who invented a
rudimentary steam engine in 1698. Its (1) primary purpose was pumping water out of
mines. However, simple as it was, it had far-reaching implications on the technology and
society of the time, proving to be the prototype for all the other engines which followed -
the engines which powered the Industrial Revolution. Engine performance only really
showed a significant improvement with the discovery of smelting coal in 1709. (2) Coal
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production doubled between 1750 and 1800. From this we can draw two conclusions.
Firstly, engines had become powerful enough to delve much deeper into the ground and
secondly it also suggests that there was a growing demand for the commodity due to
extensive industrial growth. A pioneering spirit was emerging at this time - a time which
signalled an extraordinary technological advancement by extraordinary people. One of the
most well-known of these inventors was (3) John Kay - J-0-H-N K-A-Y - who invented the
'flying shuttle' in 1733. This was the machine which would enable weavers to double their
output. This was obviously a bonus for the newly-established factories in the Midlands,
which were growing in response to the rising demand for better quality cloth in the towns
and cities. Naturally, many of the workers there saw it as a threat to their jobs and therefore
Kay's original prototype was destroyed and his product wasn't introduced on to the market
until 1770. This, however, did not halt the march of progress. Other important textile
machines were invented in the 1760s. The first one, known as the hand-operated Spinning
Jenny, was a multiple spinning wheel, closely followed by (4) Richard Arkwright's water-
powered spinning frame. The latter was taken up by large factories and spread from the
valleys of Derbyshire to Lancashire and on to Scotland.
By 1799, steam-powered engines had really taken off. They were powering an ever-
increasing number of machines in paper, flour and textile mills, all of which were driving the
economy. It was at this time that a network of canals was being built. As you can imagine,
once this infrastructure was put in place, it dramatically improved the (5) speed and
efficiency of the transportation of heavy goods such as coal and steel - both essential for
the development of industry. It also meant that they could be transported a much greater
distance. The upshot of this was that many places which were previously inaccessible were
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opened up to trade. At this point, I'd like to turn to another form of transportation which
was still in its infancy at the time but destined to become one of the most important driving
forces behind the Industrial Revolution.

Exercise 2.2.8:
1. cities
2. from Greece
3. for survival
4. Tokyo
5. to 18.2 million
6. increase
7. of the environment
So far we've summed up some of the more evident reasons for our cultural diversity and
you will almost certainly find a good few more as we work through the booklist. Now, let's
turn to a more panoramic approach to history. Our modern world is almost totally a product
of what we have accomplished over the last seven thousand years - when the first (1)
Mesopotamian cities were established by the Sumerians - some researchers may go even
further back to our-first ancestors. However, this takes us back into prehistory when facts
were yet to be recorded and this is not covered in our course. It wasn't until the (2) Greek
historian Herodotus emerged in the 5th century BC that we had any clear evidence to work
from. His findings will be covered in the Ancient History module which will commence in the

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second term. So, how has ancient history shaped the world we live in? First of all, we need
to take a journey back in time to focus on the topography. This is perhaps the most
immediately obvious way that our world has changed. Thousands of years ago, Europe and
North America were covered with huge swathes of forest and human settlements were
limited to isolated tribal communities who were often nomadic or lived in small villages.
Wild animals such as bears and wolves roamed freely and man hunted for food. It is not
surprising, therefore, that during this time man had to fight (3) for survival which meant
mortality was high.
However, over the centuries, as the population expanded, the wood-land was steadily cut
down only to be replaced by ever-growing (in both size and number) human settlements.
The results of this can be seen today in the form of megacities such as (4) Tokyo, with a
population of around 30 million; and there are a number of cities such as Shanghai, Mexico
City and New York all boasting a population of over 15 million. And according to projections
these figures could rise dramatically. Mexico City, for example, was shown to have a
population of I 7.1 million in the year 2000. However, by 2015 the forecast shows that it
will have risen to (5)18.2 million. That's an increase of over a million in a matter of 15 years.
Cities such as Rio de Janeiro and Beijing follow the same pattern within the same timeframe
with a small but significant increase of 1-2 million. There are others, however, such as (6)
Jakarta and Lagos which appear to show an enormous increase —the figure for the latter
one, Lagos, jumping from 13.4 million to a staggering 23.2 million; almost doubling the size
of the population. So, we have progressed over the course of four or five thousand years
from a handful of scattered tribes living off the land to a highly technologically advanced
global society with a population of over 7 billion and still growing; and with it the
impending and serious repercussions of (7) environmental destruction and mass
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starvation. How and why did it happen? What will happen in the future? Of course, its not
our job to predict — we're historians. But, needless to say, every fact which comes into
being is history in the making and that's what makes our subject so fascinating. Now, let's
move on to the development of political systems and their influence on our lives today.

Exercise 2.2.9
1. dust particles 2. Partial deafness/ complete deafness
3. behaviour 4. More irritably 5. Instability
6. negative 7. Control 8. Noise pollution
Audioscript:
These days, we know a lot about contaminated air, contaminated water, and so on. We
know that smoke, chemical substances, and (1) dust particles pollute our environment.
We are not so familiar with the concept of pollution from noise and especially with its
psychological effects. Generally, the physical effects are not surprising: (2) partial or
complete deafness can result from excessive noises — airports, some factories, even some
discos! But did you know that it is possible to kill a person with the right or wrong noise?
(3) Psychologists now believe that noise has a considerable effect on people's attitudes and
behaviour. Experiments have proved that in noisy situations, even temporary ones, people
behave (4) more irritably and less cooperatively; in more permanent noisy situations, many

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people cannot work hard, and they suffer from severe anxiety and (5) instability as well as
other psychological problems.
However, psychologists distinguish between "sound" and "noise". "Sound" is measured
physically in decibels. "Noise" cannot be measured in the same way because it refers to the
psychological effect of sound, and its level of "intensity" depends on the situation. Thus, for
passengers at an airport who expect to hear aeroplanes taking off and landing, there may be
a lot of sound, but not much noise, that is, they are not bothered by the noise. By contrast,
if you are at a concert and two people behind you are whispering, you feel they are talking
noisily even if there is not much sound. You notice the noise because it affects you
psychologically.
(6) Both sound and noise can have negative effects, but what is important (7) is if the
person has control over the sound. People walking down the street with stereo earphones,
listening to music that they enjoy, are receiving a lot of decibels of sound, but they are
probably happy hearing sounds, which they control. On the other hand, people in the street
without stereo earphones must tolerate a lot of noise which they have no control over. (8) It
is noise pollution that we need to control in order to help people live more happily.
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Exercise 2.2.10:
1. body structure 2. Tail 3. Hands and feet
4. large brains 5. Make a plan 6. Possesses the secret
Audioscritp:
Man has always been interested in apes because they are at the same time so like him and
so unlike him. (1) In their basic anatomy or body structure, they are very similar, and for
this reason they are both classified as primates, the highest form of animal. (3) They also
resemble each other in having hands and feet instead of claws (like cats) or hooves (like
horses). (2) Likewise, neither has a tail.
(4) Both men and apes have large brains compared to their body size, and this helps again
to distinguish them from other species of animals. But, compared to the chimpanzee, for
example, man's brain is our times as large. Like man, apes can use tools. For example, an
ape may pick up a stick and put it in an ants' nest to make the ants come out. Similarly, apes
have been known to make tools, for example, by breaking off branches to use as sticks. (5)
Man, however, is quite different, in fact, unique among animals, because he can make a
plan, and then make a tool by following that plan.
All human beings everywhere have a language, and there are thousands of different
languages in the world. All these languages are equally complex, and they are very different
from the cries of apes and other animals.
Finally, we can use fire-making to differentiate men from apes. (6) Man has possessed the

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secret of making fire for thousands of years. In contrast, neither apes nor any other animals
possess this secret,
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2.3. Table Completion

Exercise 2.3.1:
Listen to the conversation carefully. Fill in the table below as you listen:
1. USA 2. New Zealand
3. Chemistry 4. Social Science
- Rich: Hi, my name is Rich from the (1) United States. Are you from Australia?
- Maria: No, I'm from (2) New Zealand.
- Rich: And what are you studying?
- Maria: I'm studying (3) Chemistry. And what are you studying here?
- Rich: I'm studying (4) Social Science.

Exercise 2.3.2:

1.2020 2.flight
3.429 4.dinner
Audioscript:
- So how many days are the trips and how much do they cost?
The first one I told you about is a self-drive tour through California which lasts
-
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twelve days and covers 2020 kilometres. The shortest journey is 206 km and the
longest is 632 kilometres. The cost is £525 per person. (2) That includes
accommodation, car rental and a flight but no meals.
- And the other trip?
- That lasts nine days but you spend only three days on the road. You cover about 980
kilometres altogether.
- So is that cheaper then?
- Yes, it's almost a hundred pounds cheaper. (3) It’s £429 per person, which is a good
deal.
- So that covers accommodation and car hire. What about flights?
- They aren’t included. (4) But these hotels offer dinner in the price.
- Well, thank you very much. I'll be in touch when I’ve had a chance to look at the
brochure.
- I’m pleased to help. Goodbye.
- Goodbye.

Exercise 2.3.3:

1.babies 2.Eshcol
3.evening 4.Gormley
Audioscript:
HoisachIELTS.com

- WOMAN: Can I help you?

- MAN: Yes, I’ve just moved to this area with my wife and children and I’d like to know
where we can all register with a doctor at a Health Centre.
- WOMAN: Okay. Well, there’s Doctor Green at The Harvey Clinic. (1) We always
recommend her for babies , because she’s very good with them and she runs a
special clinic.
- MAN: Oh ... actually my youngest child is five, so that wouldn’t be any good for us.
- WOMAN: Right.
- MAN: Is there anywhere else I could try?
- WOMAN: Yes, the Eshcol Health Practice is the next one on my list.
- MAN: How do you spell that?
- WOMAN: (2) E-S-H-C-O-L. And it’s Doctor Fuller, who has space on his list. The clinic
only opened a year ago, so the facilities are all very modern.
- MAN: That sounds good.
- WOMAN: (3) And it’s particularly good if you’re busy during the day, because they
also do appointments in the evening . They’re closed on Saturday, though. The only
other place on the list is the Health Centre on Shore Lane. You can register with
Doctor Gormley, (4) that’s G-O-R-M-L-E-Y . He’s new there, but the centre has a very
good reputation.
- MAN: Oh yes, I think I know the road. That would be the best one.

Exercise 2.3.4:

1. heart
HoisachIELTS.com 2. primary school
3. 4.30 4. ages
Audioscript
- You might also be interested to know the Centre is running a pilot scheme of talks
for patients. I’ve got the list here. Actually, they look very interesting.
- What sort of things?
- Well, the first one’s about giving up smoking. It’s next week, the twenty-fifth of
February, at 7 pm, and that’s in Room 4. (1) It says, the talk will stress the health
benefits particularly for people with asthma or heart disease .
- That sounds very interesting.
- There’s also a talk for families with children. It’s on Healthy Eating, and takes place
on the first of March at five o’clock.
- Will that be at the Health Centre?
- Erm, (2) actually it’s at the primary school on Shore Lane . I imagine they’re inviting
the parents of pupils there - it says here ‘all welcome’.
- Mmm, I might go to that if I have time.
- There’s a couple of other talks - one giving advice about how to avoid injuries while
doing exercise. It’s on the ninth of March. Oh, (3) it’s a late afternoon talk, at four
thirty , and it’ll be in Room 6. (4) It also says the talk is suitable for all ages . And
finally, there’s a talk called ‘Stress Management’ which is ...
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Exercise 2.3.5:

1.glass 2.cooker
3.week 4.fence
Audioscript:
- Now, what would you like me to do?
- Firstly and most urgently is in the kitchen. With all the weather damage, (1) the glass
in the door has cracked and I’d need that fixing ...
- I presume you mean replacing?
- Oh, yes. And as soon as possible ...
- What I'll do is come round tomorrow morning and do that immediately.
- Thank you so much. The other things aren’t so urgent but...
- Now, I'll make a note of everything you want doing.
- Well, in the kitchen I’d like some painting doing.
- All the kitchen walls?
- (2) Just the area over the cooker. It’s very greasy...
- Right... it does tend to get that way!
- Yes!
- Well, if you want a proper job done (3) what I’d need to do is strip the old paint and
plaster it about a week before I paint it.
- Of course. Now, May tells me you also do work in the garden.
-
-
-
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that’s right.
(4) Well, I’d like you to replace a fence.
Just One?
- Yes, at the far end.
- Fine. Shouldn’t be a problem.
- And that’s the lot.
- Fine. Yeah, as I say I can come round tomorrow morning to look over things with
you.
- That’s great, thank you.
- So, I’ll look forward to seeing you tomorrow at...

Exercise 2.3.6:

1. 300 2. Sunshade
3.balcony 4.forest/forests 5. 319
Audioscript:
- MAN: Greek Island Holidays, can I help you?
- WOMAN: Yes, I hope so. I have a friend who’s just come back from Corfu and she’s
recommended some apartments in Arilas. She thought they might be on your list.
- MAN: Arilas, Arilas, let me see. Can you give me the names?
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- WOMAN: Yes, the first’s Rose Garden Apartments. I’d like to go with another friend
in the last week of October.
- MAN: Well, we’ve got a lovely studio flat available at that time. I’m sure you’d enjoy
the entertainment programme there too, with Greek dancing in the restaurant.
- WOMAN: And the cost for each of us?
- MAN: £219.
- WOMAN: That sounds very reasonable! I’m just jotting down some notes. Now the
second one she mentioned was called Blue Bay.
- MAN: Blue Bay? Yes, in fact that’s very popular and it has some special features.
- WOMAN: Really?
- MAN: The main attraction is the large swimming pool with salt water.
- WOMAN: Much healthier, I understand.
- MAN: That’s right. (1) And it isn’t far from the beach, either - only 300 metres , and
only around half a kilometre to some shops, so you don’t have to be too energetic.
- WOMAN: Is it much more expensive than the first one?
- MAN: Let me just check. I think at the time you want to go it’s around £260 - no £275
to be exact.
- WOMAN: Right, I’ve got that. Now there are just two more apartments to ask you
about. Urn, I can’t read my own writing! Something to do with sun ... Sunshine, is it?
- MAN: (2) I think you meant the Sunshade Apartments . They’re on a mountainside.
- WOMAN: Any special features?
- MAN: Yes, each room has its own sun terrace and there are shared barbecue
facilities.
-
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WOMAN: Sounds lovely!
MAN: Yes, it is rather well-equipped. It also provides water sports - it has its own
beach.There are facilities for water-skiing.
- WOMAN: Any kite-surfing? My friend’s quite keen.
- MAN: Not at the hotel but I’m sure you’ll find some in Arilas. There’s also satellite TV
in the apartments.
- WOMAN: And how much is that one?
- MAN: £490 with two sharing.
- WOMAN: You mean £245 each?
- MAN: I’m afraid not! Each person has to pay that amount and there must be at least
two in an apartment.
- WOMAN: I don’t think that would be within our budget, unfortunately. And the last
one sounds a bit expensive too - the Grand!
- MAN: Actually it’s quite reasonable. (3) It’s an older style house with Greek paintings
in every room, and a balcony outside.
- WOMAN: Sounds nice. What are the views like?
- MAN: (4) Well, there are forests all round and they hide a supermarket just down
the road, so that’s very useful for all your shopping needs. There’s a disco in the area
too.
- WOMAN: And the price?
- MAN: (5) £319 at that time , but if you leave it till November it goes down by 40%.
- WOMAN: Too late, I’m afraid.
- MAN: Well, why don’t I send you a brochure with full details, Ms ... ?
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- WOMAN: Nash. But don’t worry about that. I’m coming to Upminster soon and I’ll
call and get one. I just wanted to get an idea first.
- MAN: Well, that’s fine. We’ve got plenty here when you come.

Exercise 2.3.7:

1. 10,0000 2. relative 3. missed

4. item 5. Ludlow
Audioscript
- WOMAN: If you’ve got a minute, could I just check a couple of points about
insurance? I got one policy through the post but I’d like to see if yours is better.
- MAN: Fine. What would you like to know?
- WOMAN: Well, the one I’ve got has benefits and then the maximum amount you can
claim. Is that like yours?
- MAN: Yes, that’s how most of them are.
- WOMAN: Well, the first thing is cancellation. If the holiday’s cancelled on the policy
I’ve got, you can claim £8,000.
- MAN: We can improve on that, Ms Nash. (1) For Greek Island holidays, our
maximum is £10.000 .
- WOMAN: That’s good - of course our holiday won’t even cost £1,000 together!
-
-
-
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MAN: It’s still sensible to have good cover. Now, if you go to hospital, we allow £600.
WOMAN: Yes, mine’s similar.
MAN: (2) And we also allow a relative to travel to your holiday resort .
- WOMAN: My policy just says their representative will help you.
- MAN: You can see there’s another difference there. And what happens if you don’t
get on the plane?
- WOMAN: Nothing, as far as I can see on this form.
- MAN: (3) Don’t you have missed departure ?
- WOMAN: No, I’ll just jot that down.
- MAN: We pay up to £1,000 for that, depending on the reason. And we’re particularly
generous about loss of personal belongings - up to £3,000, (4) but not more than
£500 for a single item .
- WOMAN: Then I’d better not take my laptop!
- MAN: Not unless you insure it separately.
- WOMAN: OK - thanks very much for your time - you’ve really been helpful. Can I get
back to you? Your name is?
- MAN: Ben - Ludlow. (5) That’s L-U-D-L-O-W . I’m the Assistant Manager here. I’ll give
you my number. It’s 081260 543216.
- WOMAN: But didn’t I phone 081260 567294? That’s what I’ve got on the paper.
- MAN: That’s the main switchboard. I’ve given you my direct line.
- WOMAN: Right, thank you very much for your time.
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Exercise 2.3.8:

1.secondary 2.flute 3.cinema

4.concert 5.market 6.Bythwaite
7.actor
Audioscript:
- ROB:Good morning. Stretton Festival box office. How can I help you?
- MELANIE:Oh, hello. My family and I are on holiday in the area, and we’ve seen some
posters about the festival this week. Could you tell me about some of the events,
please?
- ROB:Of course.
- MELANIE:First of all, are there still tickets available for the jazz band on Saturday?
- ROB:There are, but only £ 15 . The £12 seats have all been sold.
- MELANIE:OK. And the venue is the school, isn't it?
- ROB: (1) Yes. That’s right, the secondary school. Make sure you don’t go to the
primary school by mistake! And there’s an additional performer who isn't mentioned
on the posters - Carolyn Hart is going to play with the band.
- MELANIE:Oh, I think I’ve heard her on the radio. Doesn’t she play the oboe, or flute
or something?
- ROB: (2) Yes. the flute . She usually plays with symphony orchestras, and apparently
this is her first time with a jazz band.
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MELANIE:Well, I’d certainly like to hear her. Then the next thing I want to ask about
is the duck races - I saw a poster beside a river. What are they, exactly?
- ROB:Well, you buy a yellow plastic duck - or as many as you like - they’re a pound
each. And you write your name on each one. There’ll be several races, depending on
the number of ducks taking part. And John Stevens, a champion swimmer who lives
locally is going to start the races. (3) All the ducks will be launched into the river at
the back of the cinema , then they’ll float along the river for 500 metres, as far as
the railway bridge.
- MELANIE:And are there any prizes?
- ROB: (4) Yes, the first duck in each race to arrive at the finishing line wins its owner
free tickets for the concert on the last night of the festival.
- MELANIE: You said you can buy a duck? I’m sure my children will both want one.
- ROB: (5) they’re on sale at a stall in the market . You can’t miss it - it’s got an
enormous sign showing a couple of ducks.
- MELANIE:OK. I’ll go there this afternoon. I remember walking past there yesterday.
Now could you tell me something about the flower show, please?
- ROB:Well, admission is free, and the show is being held in Bythwaite Hall.
- MELANIE:Sorry, how do you spell that?
- ROB: (6) B-Y-T-H-W-A-l-T-E. Bythwaite.
- MELANIE:Is it easy to find? I’m not very familiar with the town yet.
- ROB:Oh, you won’t have any problem. It’s right in the centre of Stretton. It’s the only
old building in the town, so it’s easy to recognise.
- MELANIE:I know it. I presume it’s open all day.
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- ROB:Yes, but if you’d like to see the prizes being awarded for the best flowers, you’ll
need to be there at 5 o’clock. (7) The prizes are being given by a famous actor ,
Kevin Shapless. He lives nearby and gets involved in a lot of community events.
- MELANIE:Gosh, I’ve seen him on TV. I’ll definitely go to the prize-giving.
- ROB:Right.

Exercise 2.3.9:
1. ten-day
2. sleeping bag
3. catch the train
4. fifteen days
5. horse riding
6. luxury caravan
7. climbing
Audioscript:
You will hear two students discussing what they will do during the summer break. First you
will have some time to look at questions 1-7. [Pause the recording for 30 seconds]
Now listen carefully and answer questions 1-7.
- Celine: It's less than two months to the summer break. What are you going to do?
- Simon: Slow down. Celine, we've still got our exams to get through. Shouldn't you be

-
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looking through your revision notes rather than browsing the Summer Camp
website?
Celine: Oh come on, Simon. There's plenty of time for revision. It says here that
we've only got until the end of this month to book a place.
- Simon: What for?
- Celine: The Summer Camp of course! Haven't you been listening?
- Simon: Of course I have, but unlike you I'm working. How do you know I want to
come anyway?
- Celine: Stop messing around. You were only talking about it last month.
- Simon: Okay. So. what's included in the package? And more importantly how much
will it cost? My student grant won't stretch that far.
- Celine: Well, there are three different packages. The first one is the shortest course
and that one should certainly suit your budget. It's a (1) ten-day break in the west of
Scotland starting from mid-July and it costs only £175. What do you think?
- Simon: So far, so good. Go on.
- Celine: Well, it includes provisions for three meals a day - cooked by you, of course:
camping equipment and facilities - you've got to bring your own (2) sleeping bag,
though; and activities such as hiking in the mountains and canoeing and swimming in
the nearby lake - or should I say loch? And that's about it really.
- Simon: Sounds very healthy but I'm not too sure about swimming in the lake. And
how about transportation? How are we supposed to get there?
- Celine: Yeah, that's not very special. It says here that you have to (3) catch the train
to Invergarry, and, from there, there is a special minibus service that will take you to
the site.
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- Simon: Inver where?

- Celine: Invergarry. Anyway, the second package is better. It's at the end of June and
it's (4) fifteen rather than the usual fourteen days. I suppose it's to allow for your
journey, settling in and all that.
- Simon: Is that in Scotland too?
- Celine: Not that far away actually. It's in the Lake District near a lake called Derwent
Water.
- Simon: More lakes?
- Celine: Let me finish. It's got everything from the cheaper package plus water skiing,
orienteering and (5) horse riding.
- Simon: I like the sound of horse riding but you still haven't told me how much it is.
- Celine: Just a minute. Here it is. It says here that it's £295 but that includes the coach
journey to and from campus.
- Simon: And the last one?
- Celine: Well, this one's longer than the others - three weeks to be exact - and you
won't need to mess about with camping equipment. You get to stay in a (6) luxury
caravan with its own kitchen, comfortable beds and toilet. You'll have to share,
though. And another good thing is - no washing-up - you'll have all your meals
provided on site. There's a decent-looking restaurant with a fixed menu.
- Simon: Where is it?
- Celine: It's near a place called Newquay in Cornwall. You can try out different water
sports like surfing. bodyboarding and sailing. Or, if that's not your thing, there are
outward-bound activities, such as (7) climbing, abseiling, and caving and potholing.
-
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Simon: So, how much will that set me back?
Celine: Well, it is a three-week vacation in August so it's bound to be more
expensive. It says here that it's even got a games room and WiFi facilities. Oh yes ...
how much was it? Uh, £526. Can't see any-thing about transport though. What do
you reckon? Is that too much?
- Simon: I don't know. I'm going to have to talk to my bank manager.

Exercise 2.3.10:
1. helpful tips
2. ten/10
3. books
4. research methods
5. Thursday seminar
6. in November
Audioscript:
- Lecturer: Right. If we could all settle down, we can make a start. Now, I'd like you to
take out the handouts that I gave you in the last seminar. I hope that you've all had
time to look at them. You'll be referring to them a lot over- the next few months. All
the basic information that you'll require to write your dissertation is covered on the
sheet. The stages you need to cover, criteria that need to be met, the booklist and a
full page of (1) helpful tips are all included but I'm sure that you've got some
questions of your own, so fire away.
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- James: Yes, Professor Jenkins. The list of books is really long. How do we choose
which ones to read and how many should we be looking at?
- Lecturer: Good question James. Well, you're looking at a minimum of (2) ten, any
fewer and your bibliography will look rather thin. Of course, in most cases, it won't
be necessary to read the entire book. The index in the front will guide you and you
should be able to choose which parts are necessary once you've made a rough plan
of what you're going to write. As for which ones, well the (3) first four on the list,
which are the main reference books, are more or less compulsory. You won't be
able to form the basis for your argument without them. I suggest that initially you
read them and then, after brainstorming some ideas, choose from the remaining
books which ones you think would be useful. There will be individual tutorials held to
discuss your choices but if you can't wait you could always email me a rough outline
of your plan and proposed list earlier. Which reminds me - don't miss next Tuesday's
tutorial - which I strongly recommend you all to attend and it's on (4) research
methods. You will be given some useful advice on how to find and approach your
materials along with the opportunity to ask any outstanding questions you may
have. And in the (5) one on Thursday you will have the chance to go through some
of the choices you've made - as a group. Is that clear?
- James: Oh yes, thanks. So when do we need to submit our draft?
- Lecturer: Well, you'll have three weeks to put together your bibliography and then
another two to finalise your draft. So, that will take you into the (6) second week of
November which is when it needs to be handed in by. So all being well, you should
be well into the essay itself by Christmas.

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Exercise 2.3.11:
1. Angela
2. 10.50 ('Ten pounds fifty' is incorrect because the instructions say 'write no more than two
words and/or a number'.),
3. Tango 4. Wednesday, 5. 10.00
Audioscript:
Hello, everyone. Sorry to interrupt your class. I just want to make a quick announcement
about our summer timetable. Shimmers Dance School will be offering new classes this
spring due to strong demand. (1) Angela Stevenson will be back this term, running the
ballet class. This class will be on Tuesdays, and instead of the normal hour from 6.30 to
7.30, we'll be running the class for an hour and a half, so it will continue until 8 o'clock. (2)
This means we have to charge higher fees, but only slightly higher: from £8.50 (eight
pounds fifty) to £10.50. That's only £2.00 for the extra half hour! Next, (3) Janine Davis will
still be teaching the tango classes. Instead of being on Mondays, (4) these classes will be
on Wednesday nights from 7 o'clock to 8 o'clock. The fee will still be £7.50 for the hour.
Last but not least, (5) Andrew is taking over the tap class. This class is for early risers as it
starts at 8.30 on Saturday morning and finishes at 10. We expect this class to be very
popular as tap is a great way to get fit while learning new dancing skills. This will cost
£11.00. All the other classes remain the same as the winter timetable. We hope there's
something for all of you at Shimmers!
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Exercise 2.3.12:
1. 5-10 2. online dangers 3. friends (online) 4 Test Doctors
Audioscript:
Internet safety is a big concern nowadays, and to protect your children and teenagers
online, it's a good idea to monitor the sites they visit. Don't be put off from letting your kids
use the Internet; it's essential for their education, and can help them make friends too!
Now, let me tell you a bit about some sites we've found for children. Of course, there's a
limited number of sites for the very young, but we would suggest one called Playtime
Online. It's designed for children from four to six years old. It's really colourful and helps
children learn skills for games. Children love it, and it helps them when they begin school.
(1) Then, from say five until about ten years of age, there's a really useful website called
Moving Up. This takes Playtime Online a step further and enhances the maths and language
skills of the child. Teachers speak highly of this site for child development.
When children get into their teens, the Internet can be a more dangerous place. (2) Net
Aware, for the twelve- to sixteen-year age group, makes young people more aware of
online dangers. It's a good site for your child to look at before they start surfing on their
own.
Now, all teenagers love chatting, and (3) Chat Electric is a site designed specifically for teens
from thirteen to sixteen to make friends online with people their own age.
The last site is invaluable for teens studying for exams. (4) Sixteen- to eighteen-year-olds

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love Test Doctors, which is a site designed to help students revise for their exams and is full
of handy hints and tips. The site is run by subject specialists, so it's packed full of
information.

Exercise 2.3.13:
1. register 2. 5/five years 3. spies
4. British Nationality 5. work permits
Audioscript:
Many people have immigrated to Britain and become citizens over the last 200 years, and in
today's lecture, I'd like to look at the various laws or acts of parliament introduced to deal
with those people who came to live in Britain. In 1793, there was the Aliens Act, which the
British government introduced to control the number of refugees fleeing to Britain to
escape the Revolution in France. Compared to today, when refugees have to complete a
long and complicated application process before arrival, in 1793, (1) all that was required
by the authorities was that individuals had to register at the port where they arrived. The
collection of personal information started in 1844 with the Naturalisation Act, which was
updated in 1870. The main difference in the 1870 Act was (2) that applicants who wanted
to stay in Britain had to have served the Crown, or to have lived in the country for at least
five years before being considered. Both these acts allowed the government to control the
number of people coming into the country. These changes were fairly insignificant regarding
people's freedoms and the amount of state intervention involved. However, in the
twentieth century, this began to change. The Alien Registration Act was introduced in 1914
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and when the First World War broke out, all aliens over the age of sixteen had to register at
local police stations, be of 'good character', and demonstrate a working knowledge of
English. (3) The reason for this act was to create a feeling of patriotism among migrant
communities, and also to stop spies from Europe infiltrating the country.
And after the Second World War, the meaning of British nationality was re-defined again,
this time to encourage residents from British colonies to come to Britain to help rebuild the
country. (4) This was the British Nationality Act of 1948. The condition was that potential
migrants had to demonstrate that they wanted to work and were fit and healthy. Finally,
there was the Commonwealth Immigration Act of 1962. Legislation was passed to restrict
the number of Commonwealth immigrants to Britain. Although many people still wanted to
come to Britain to obtain good jobs, (5) the Act now meant applicants had to get work
permits, which were given mostly to skilled immigrants, such as doctors.
In the next session I want to look at more contemporary acts, for instance ...

Exercise 2.3.14:
1. assistant 2. ranges 3. [client) support
Audioscript:
Good morning, everyone. I'd like to talk to you all about the department restructure, and
how it will affect our work. As you know, the company is expanding, and this means we'll
need to recruit more staff and optimise our ways of working. So, I want to look at each of
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our teams, and the changes which are planned to start next month. The Sales Team, headed
by Gary Wilson, will be responsible for not only increasing the amount of business we do
with our current customers, but also searching out new clients. As this is likely to be a
labour-intensive task, Gary's team will need more staff, which is where Linda French's
Human Resources Team comes in. Linda and Gary will collaborate on finding and employing
twenty new sales members as soon as possible. However, not all staff will be recruited from
outside. If this company is going to continue to thrive, (1) each of the current team
managers will need an assistant, and these positions will be internal appointments.
Human Resources are sending out an email to all staff this week asking them if they would
like to apply for one of the new positions, and interviews will begin next month.
Now, in order for the Sales Team to increase revenue, the Research and Development Team
have to come up with some innovative products which will be better than those offered by
other companies. Therefore, Zoe's team will start a month-long project to learn more about
what our competitors make to help inform our design process. (2) Their target will be to
design and create two new ranges of products this year. As always, if any of you have an
idea for a product, please contact Zoe about it; all ideas are welcome.
Lastly, but just as importantly, I'd like to talk about Ian Smith's team. Obviously, after-care
service is crucial to the expansion of the company, so IT Support will be making sure that all
our customers are called to discuss our service as part of the follow-up system. (3) Ian's
team will also be upgrading our client support package to facilitate twenty-four-hour
access, seven days a week. Ian believes strongly that this will increase our competitiveness,
and be a real selling point for potential customers.
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Exercise 2.3.15:
1. Trelawney 2. IF512WJ3 3. 31A Molefield
4. 07741 669861 5. [email protected] 6. With (a/nay) neighbor
7. 43.50
Audioscript: CS = Customer Service
- CS: Intercity Flowers. How can I help?
- Customer: Hi. I'd like to send a dozen red roses to arrive tomorrow morning, please.
- CS: Certainly, sir. I just need a few details to complete the order. What's your name,
please?
- Customer: Brian Trelawney.
- CS: [typing] That's B-R-I-A-N T-R-E-L-…
- Customer: Yep, (1) T-R-E-L-A-W-N-E-Y.
- CS: Brian Trelawney. Have you ordered with us before, Mr. Trelawney?
- Customer: Yes, I have. I've got a customer number if that would help. It's IF512WJ3.
- CS: (2) I-F-5-1-2-W-J-3. Ah yes. Can you just confirm your address, sir?
- Customer: (3) 31A Molefield Road, Bragton.
- CS: Sorry, 31E or 31A?
- Customer: 31A, for Alpha.
- CS: M-O-L-E-F-I-E-L-D?
- Customer: That's correct.
- CS: We don't have a phone number for you on our database.
-
-
-
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Customer: (4) My mobile number is oh seven four one double six nine eight six one.
CS: 0741 669861.
Customer: (4) Oh, that's double seven, actually.
- CS: Thanks. I thought it was bit short. Thank you. OK, that's in. Your e-mail address,
please. We'll send you an e-mail confirming the order.
- Customer: Don't laugh. (5) It's [email protected].
- CS: Is "topgun" one word, sir?
- Customer: Yes, that's t-o-p-g-u-n at g-r-a-b dot corn.
- CS: If nobody answers the door tomorrow, what shall we do, sir?
- Customer: There'll definitely be someone there.
- CS: But just in case, sir. Can we leave them at the front door, or with a neighbour, or
next to the house?
- Customer: (6) OK, leave them with any neighbour. That'd be fine.
- CS: OK, sir, that's a dozen red roses for tomorrow to 31A Molefield. (7) That'll be
43.50.
- Customer: The last time it was 34.50.
- CS: That was a special promotion for Valentine's Day, sir. It's back to its normal price
of 43.50.
- Customer: Oh, I see. Fine.
- CS: Now if I can just take your credit card details, sir ...

Exercise 2.3.16:
1. London 2. Cigarette 3. Shanghai 4. Electricity
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5. 1898 6. 1917 7. Melbourne 8. Shoplifter

9. 1986
Audioscript:
- Davia: Hey Nigel, have you seen this article about those paintings?
- Nigel: "The 5 greatest modern paintings in the world"? Are you thinking of going to
see them all?
- Davia: Well, if you're thinking of buying me a round-the-world ticket, taking in
Germany, China, Australia, America, and the UK, then yes, I will.
- Nigel: Oh yeah, I was just popping down to the travel agent's to pick it up. You
should be so lucky. Still, it would be fun to see them all. I really like Pistashio's work,
and "Afternoon Tea" really is a classic painting. We could go to see it, you know. (1)
It's only down the road in London.
- Davia: I'll tell you what. If you can guess the year it was painted, I'll give you the train
ticket to London.
- Nigel: Cool. Hmmm. End of the nineteenth century ... er ... 1899?
- Davia: Oh, so close. Two years out.
- Nigel: 1901?
- Davia: Wrong again! Good guess, though. It was a hundred years before the Van
Boch painting, which I hate. It's just a drawing of a cigarette.
- Nigel: Well, what do you expect? (2) It is called "Cigarette".
- Davia: Anyway, if you get yourself over to Beijing, you can see it.
- Nigel: (3) Shanghai, actually.
-
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Davia: All right, so Beijing got the Olympics, and Shanghai gets a ciggy. Good deal!
Anyway, I'm not too partial to Van Boch's stuff. (4) I do like Whistleton, though, and
I love the colours in "Electricity".
- Nigel: I'm with you there. It's a bit of a miracle how the painting still looks fresh
today. Those sparks seem to jump out at you, even though it was painted about two
years before the end of the nineteenth century.
- Davia: (5) You know, we could make it to Berlin, even if it were just to see a piece of
canvas from 1898 called "Electricity". Well, we could go clubbing, too.
- Nigel: Hold on a minute! If we're really going to pull our fingers out and genuinely
make an effort to see a modern classic, (7) we should fly over to Melbourne to see
Rowland's "Post Office".
- Davia: Sad story that. (6) He painted it in 1917 in the war. He died the week after he
finished the painting. Still, we could go over there for the Melbourne Cup. I love
horse racing.
- Nigel: You're all heart. So, we've just about got enough cash to cover next month's
rent and we're on about flying Down Under. Anyway, it's 1916. Oh, hang about, no, it
is 1917. I stand corrected, by myself. When he painted it, it was such a different style
of painting, such a revolutionary portrayal of everyday life. I suppose it defined a
new movement.
- Davia: Well, that's more than can be said for Pincher. Washington's never really
tickled my fancy, and I wouldn't spend a fortune to fly there to see a picture of an
old woman stealing a bag of peas from a supermarket. What a load of rubbish! 1986
wasn't a vintage year for art.
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- Nigel: That depends. (8) Calling it "Shoplifter" wasn't very imaginative, (9) but in
1986, he did paint one picture every week, including "Shoplifter". That is amazingly
prolific.
- Davia: What about if a shoplifter walked into the Washington Gallery and stole
"Shoplifter"?
- Nigel: It'd be great publicity.
- Davia: Yeah, and some sort of justice.

Exercise 2.3.17:
1. paying attention / concentration 2. Lydia
3. Spelling, grammar 4. 5e
5. pronunciation 6. 6a
7. effort 8. Basic grammar
Audioscript:
- Teacher 1: So let's get started. Just to reiterate, this is just an informal chat about
how things are going with French lessons here at school. From what you've said,
there's not much to discuss in terms of the syllabus or equipment, and things are
basically going really well.
- Teacher 2: That's right. I really enjoy teaching here.
- Teacher 1: That's good news. I notice in some classes, you are even ahead of
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schedule, which is practically unheard-of. You have mentioned a few
underperforming students, though.
- Teacher 2: Well, there's only one student with major problems, but I'd like to just
flag a few of them and maybe mention something to the parents. A stitch in time
saves nine, sort of thing.
- Teacher 1: OK, who's first?
- Teacher 2: I'll take them in class order. 2b. Brian Jones. He's a strange sort of guy,
not bad at all, and his results put him up there in the top 10% of the class. His
reading and listening skills are superb.
- Teacher 1: So, what's the problem with Brian?
- Teacher 2: (1) He really has trouble paying attention. When we're in the middle of a
role-play, his mind will just wander and he's in a world of his own. It's not particularly
disruptive. It's just that it happens pretty often.
- Teacher 1: Let's just make a note about concentration levels. If he can't pay
attention in other classes, too, it could be serious.
- Teacher 2: Now on to 4c. It's a great class. We're having some really good
discussions. However, I think Lydia Robinson is finding things tricky.
- Teacher 1: Lydia? Is that Robert's sister?
- Teacher 2: They really look alike. (2) That's Lydia with a Y, so it's L-Y-D-I-A.
- Teacher 1: OK, so what's up with Lydia?
- Teacher 2: She's not a bad student, really, but she's very bookish. (3) You know, her
spelling and grammar are excellent, but she really doesn't understand much when I
speak French, and her listening is poor. She just needs to open up more and start
communicating
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- Teacher 1: So, she needs to be putting her spelling and grammar to good use?
- Teacher 2: You could say that. OK. (4) Now on to class, er… 5e. Jemima Wragg is
doing well in her written work, and her vocabulary is probably the best in class.
- Teacher 1: Yes. I've taught 5e. Jemima seemed OK.
- Teacher 2: It's when she opens her mouth that things go wrong. (5) Her
pronunciation is just awful. Maybe we could ask her parents to make sure that she
does more listening and maybe get a private tutor. I really think that would help her
pronunciation.
- Teacher 1: OK, who's the last one? I think I can guess.
- Teacher 2: (6) John Sunn in 6b, no 6a. I wrote that wrong.
- Teacher 1: Yes, he switched from 6b to 6a.
- Teacher 2: Well, he is a real challenge. Don't get me wrong. He has 100% attendance
and (7) he really tries hard, so his effort is exemplary, but what (8) lets him down is
his basic grammar. He really hasn't grasped it.
- Teacher 1: So, he gives it his all, but he's not going to get any further with his
grammar the way it is.
- Teacher 2: That's about the long and the short of it. Every piece of written work is on
time, but it's virtually incomprehensible because of his lack of basic grammar.

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2.4 Summary/Note/Flow-chart Completion

Exercise 2.4.1:
1. cold 2. Stuffed up 3. Vitamin C 4. Liquids
5. back home 6. Chicken soup 7. cup
Audioscript:
- Tom: Hi, Ellen. What's the matter with you?
- Ellen: I think I've got a terrible (1) cold. My nose is (2) stuffed up and I've got a sore
throat.
- Tom: Oh, that's too bad. You should be at home in bed. It's really important to get a
good rest.
- Ellen: Yeah, you're right.
- Tom: And have you taken anything for it?
- Ellen: No, I haven't.
- Tom: Well, you should take some (3) vitamin C and it's also a good idea to drink lots
of (4) liquids.
- Ellen: That s a good suggestion. I've a bottle of vitamin C at home.
- Tom: Have you seen a doctor?
- Ellen: Not yet
- Tom: Well, you'd better see a doctor first, and then go (5) back home to rest.
- Ellen: Yeah, I'll do it right now.
- Tom: Ellen, it's also helpful to cook (6) chicken soup with some garlic in it, and drink

-
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a (7) cup every half an hour. It really works.
Ellen: Oh, chicken stock for a cold? OK, I'll try it. Thanks.
- Tom: I hope you recover soon.

Exercise 2.4.2:
1. cheap 2.easy 3. Automatic 4. Lens
5. 45 pounds 6. colour 7. yellow
Audioscript:
- Shop assistant: Good morning. Can I help you?
- Customer: Yes, I want to buy a camera. What kind do you recommend?
- Shop assistant: Well, it all depends. We have many kinds of cameras here. How
much money do you want to spend?
- Customer: I want something (1) cheap and (2) easy to handle
- Shop assistant: Are you an experienced photographer?
- Customer: No, I’ve had no experience at all.
- Shop assistant: Here’s a camera that would suit you very well. It’s got a very good
(4) lens and it’s all (3) automatic, so it’s very easy to use. Just press one button, and
it’s done.
- Customer: How much does it cost?
- Shop assistant: It’s only (5) 45 pounds.
- Customer: Can I try?
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- Shop assistant: Of course. Here you are.

- Customer: Well, I think the price is reasonable and I like that it is automatic, but I
don’t like the (6) colour. Do you have any other colour?
- Shop assistant: Yes. How about this (7) yellow one?
- Customer: It looks better. It is the same price?
- Shop assistant: Yes.
- Customer: All right. I will take this yellow one. Here is 50 punds.
- Shop assistant: Here is your change.

Exercise 2.4.3:

1. Mr. Collins 2. three days ago 3. single

4. 405 5. fourth 6. Monday
7. Friday 8. 7:10
Audioscript:
- Receptionist: Good evening, sir.
- Mr. Collins: Good evening. My name is Arthur Collins. I believe you have a room
reserved for me.
- Receptionist: Just a moment, (1) Mr. Collins. Let me see... Collins... yes, Mr. Collins.
You booked a (3) single room (2) three days ago. Is that right?
-
-
HoisachIELTS.com
Mr. Collins: Yes, that's right.
Receptionist: Mr. Collins, your room number is (4) 405 on the (5) fourth floor.
Would you fill in this form, please?
- Mr. Collins: Certainly.
- Receptionist: How long do you intend to stay in the hotel, Mr. Collins?
- Mr. Collins: Let me see... today is (6) Monday and... probably I'm going to leave on
(7) Friday morning.
- Receptionist: On Friday morning, I see
- Mr. Collins: Oh, excuse me. Where shall I put my passport number
- Receptionist: Just at the bottom. That's right. Thank you.
- Mr. Collins: Oh, would you please wake me up at (8) 7:10 in the morning, please?
- Receptionist: Ten past seven, certainly. Porter, please take Mr. Collins's suitcase to
his room. Mr. Collins, please follow him.
- Mr. Collins: Thank you
- Receptionist: You are welcome.

Exercise 2.4.4:
1. host 2. remains 3. 4,000
4. original 5. stars and planets 6. some
7. sun and moon 8. calendar
Audioscript: