List of Solar System Objects by Size - Wikipedia
List of Solar System Objects by Size - Wikipedia
This article includes a list of the most massive known objects of the Solar System and partial lists of
smaller objects by observed mean radius. These lists can be sorted according to an object's radius and
mass and, for the most massive objects, volume, density, and surface gravity, if these values are available.
These lists contain the Sun, the planets, dwarf planets, many of the larger small Solar System bodies
(which includes the asteroids), all named natural satellites, and a number of smaller objects of historical
or scientific interest, such as comets and near-Earth objects.
Many trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) have been discovered; in many cases their positions in this list are
approximate, as there is frequently a large uncertainty in their estimated diameters due to their distance
from Earth.
Parts-per-million chart of the
Solar System objects more massive than 1021 kilograms are known or expected to be approximately
relative mass distribution of the
spherical. Astronomical bodies relax into rounded shapes (spheroids), achieving hydrostatic equilibrium, Solar System, each cubelet denoting
when their own gravity is sufficient to overcome the structural strength of their material. It was believed 2 × 1024 kg
that the cutoff for round objects is somewhere between 100 km and 200 km in radius if they have a large
amount of ice in their makeup;[1] however, later studies revealed that icy satellites as large as Iapetus
(1,470 kilometers in diameter) are not in hydrostatic equilibrium at this time,[2] and a 2019 assessment suggests that many TNOs in the size
range of 400–1,000 kilometers may not even be fully solid bodies, much less gravitationally rounded.[3] Objects that are ellipsoids due to
their own gravity are here generally referred to as being "round", whether or not they are actually in equilibrium today, while objects that
are clearly not ellipsoidal are referred to as being "irregular."
Spheroidal bodies typically have some polar flattening due to the centrifugal force from their rotation, and can sometimes even have quite
different equatorial diameters (scalene ellipsoids such as Haumea). Unlike bodies such as Haumea, the irregular bodies have a
significantly non-ellipsoidal profile, often with sharp edges.
There can be difficulty in determining the diameter (within a factor of about 2) for typical objects beyond Saturn. (See 2060 Chiron as an
example) For TNOs there is some confidence in the diameters, but for non-binary TNOs there is no real confidence in the masses/densities.
Many TNOs are often just assumed to have Pluto's density of 2.0 g/cm3, but it is just as likely that they have a comet-like density of only
0.5 g/cm3.[4]
For example, if a TNO is incorrectly assumed to have a mass of 3.59 × 1020 kg based on a radius of 350 km with a density of 2 g/cm3 but is
later discovered to have a radius of only 175 km with a density of 0.5 g/cm3, its true mass would be only 1.12 × 1019 kg.
The sizes and masses of many of the moons of Jupiter and Saturn are fairly well known due to numerous observations and interactions of
the Galileo and Cassini orbiters; however, many of the moons with a radius less than ~100 km, such as Jupiter's Himalia, have far less
certain masses.[5] Further out from Saturn, the sizes and masses of objects are less clear. There has not yet been an orbiter around Uranus
or Neptune for long-term study of their moons. For the small outer irregular moons of Uranus, such as Sycorax, which were not discovered
by the Voyager 2 flyby, even different NASA web pages, such as the National Space Science Data Center[6] and JPL Solar System
Dynamics,[5] give somewhat contradictory size and albedo estimates depending on which research paper is being cited.
There are uncertainties in the figures for mass and radius, and irregularities in the shape and density, with accuracy often depending on
how close the object is to Earth or whether it has been visited by a probe.
Graphical overview
Relative diameters of the fifty largest bodies in the Solar System, colored by orbital region.
Values are diameters in kilometers. Scale is linear.
Relative masses of the bodies of the Solar Relative masses of the Solar planets. Relative masses of the solid bodies of the
System. Objects smaller than Saturn are not Jupiter at 71% of the total and Saturn at Solar System. Earth at 48% and Venus at
visible at this scale. 21% dominate the system. 39% dominate. Bodies less massive than
Pluto are not visible at this scale.
For simplicity and comparative purposes, the values are manually calculated assuming that the bodies are all spheres. The size of solid
bodies does not include an object's atmosphere. For example, Titan looks bigger than Ganymede, but its solid body is smaller. For the giant
planets, the "radius" is defined as the distance from the center at which the atmosphere reaches 1 bar of atmospheric pressure.[11]
Because Sedna and 2002 MS4 have no known moons, directly determining their mass is impossible without sending a probe (estimated to
be from 1.7x1021 to 6.1×1021 kg for Sedna[12]).
[note 2]
Radius Volume Mass Surface area Density
[note 1] Image
Body
(km) (R🜨) 9
(10 km ) 3 (V🜨) (10 21
kg) (M🜨) 6
(10 km ) 2
🜨 (g/cm3)
Jupiter 69 911 ± 6[15] 10.97 1,431,280 1,321 1 898 187 ± 88[15] 317.83 61,419[16] 120.41 1.3262 ± 0.0003[1
[15]
58 232 ± 6
Saturn 9.140 827,130 764 568 317 ± 13[15] 95.162 42,612[17] 83.54 0.6871 ± 0.0002[1
(136 775 for A Ring)
[15] [15]
Uranus 25 362 ± 7 3.981 68,340 63.1 86 813 ± 4 14.536 8083.1[18] 15.85 1.270 ± 0.001
[15
Neptune 24 622 ± 19[15] 3.865 62,540 57.7 102 413 ± 5[15] 17.147 7618.3[19] 14.94 1.638 ± 0.004[15
[15] [15]
Venus 6052 ± 1 0.9499 928.43 0.857 4 867.5 ± 0.2 0.815 460.2[21] 0.903 5.243 ± 0.003
[15
Mars 3 389.5 ± 0.2[15] 0.5320 163.18 0.151 641.71 ± 0.03[15] 0.107 144.37[22] 0.283 3.9341 ± 0.0007[1
Ganymede
Jupiter III
2 634.1 ± 0.3 0.4135 76.30 0.0704 148.2 0.0248 86.999[23] 0.171 1.936
Titan [24]
2 574.73 ± 0.09 0.4037[a] 71.50 0.0658 134.5 0.0225 83.3054[25] 0.163 1.880 ± 0.004
Saturn VI
Mercury 2 439.4 ± 0.1[15] 0.3829 60.83 0.0562 330.11 ± 0.02[15] 0.0553 74.797[26] 0.147 5.4291 ± 0.007[15
Callisto
2 410.3 ± 1.5[24] 0.3783 58.65 0.0541 107.6 0.018 73.005[27] 0.143 1.834 ± 0.003
Jupiter IV
Io [5]
1 821.6 ± 0.5 0.2859 25.32 0.0234 89.32 0.015 41.698[28] 0.082 3.528 ± 0.006
Jupiter I
Moon [29]
1 737.5 ± 0.1 0.2727 21.958 0.0203 73.46[30] 0.0123 37.937[31] 0.074 3.344 ± 0.005
[29
Earth I
Europa
1 560.8 ± 0.5[5] 0.2450 15.93 0.0147 48.00 0.008035 30.613[32] 0.06 3.013 ± 0.005
Jupiter II
Triton [a][24]
1 353.4 ± 0.9 0.2124[a] 10.38 0.0096 21.39 ± 0.03 0.003599 23.018[33] 0.045 2.061
Neptune I
Pluto
1 188.3 ± 0.8 0.187 7.057 0.00651 13.03 ± 0.03 0.0022 17.79 0.034 1.854 ± 0.006
134340
star giant planet terrestrial planet dwarf planet moon of Earth moon of Jupiter moon of Saturn moon of Uranus moon of Neptune moon of Pluto
[note 2]
Radius Volume Mass Surface area Density
[note 1] Image
Body
(km) (R🜨) 9 3
(10 km ) (V🜨) (10 21
kg) (M🜨) 6
(10 km ) 2
🜨 (g/cm3)
Eris [b][34]
1 163 ± 6 0.1825[b] 6.59 0.0061 16.6 ± 0.2
[35]
0.0028 17 0.033 2.52 ± 0.07
136199
Haumea
798 ± 6 to 816[36] 0.12 1.98[c] 0.0018 4.01 ± 0.04[37] 0.00066 8.14 0.016 2.018[38][d]
136108
Titania
788.9 ± 1.8[24] 0.1237[e] 2.06 0.0019 3.40 ± 0.06 0.00059 7.82[39] 0.015 1.711 ± 0.005
Uranus III
Rhea [e]
763.8 ± 1.0 0.1199[e] 1.87 0.0017 2.307 0.00039 7.34[40] 0.014 1.236 ± 0.005
Saturn V
Oberon
761.4 ± 2.6[a][24] 0.1195[a] 1.85 0.0017 3.08 ± 0.09 0.0005 7.285[41] 0.014 1.63 ± 0.05
Uranus IV
Iapetus
735.6 ± 1.5[5] 0.1153 1.66 0.0015 1.806 0.00033 6.8 0.013 1.088 ± 0.013
Saturn VIII
Makemake +19
715 −11[42] 0.112 1.53 0.0014 ≈ 3.1 0.00053 6.4 0.013 ≈ 2.1
136472
Gonggong
615 ± 25[43] 0.0983 1.03 0.0009 1.75 ± 0.07 0.00029 4.753 0.009 1.72 ± 0.16
225088
Charon
Pluto I
606.0 ± 0.5 0.0951 0.932 0.0009 1.586 ± 0.015 0.00025 4.578[44] 0.009 1.70 ± 0.02
Umbriel [24]
584.7 ± 2.8 0.0918 0.837 0.0008 1.28 ± 0.03 0.00020 4.3[45] 0.008 1.39 ± 0.16
Uranus II
Ariel
578.9 ± 0.6[24] 0.0909 0.813 0.0007 1.25 ± 0.02 0.000226 4.211[46] 0.008 1.66 ± 0.15
Uranus I
Dione
561.7 ± 0.45[24] 0.0881 0.741 0.0007 1.095 0.000183 3.965[47] 0.008 1.478 ± 0.003
Saturn IV
Quaoar
543 ± 2 0.0879 0.737 0.0007 1.20 ± 0.05[48] 0.0002 3.83 0.008 2.0 ± 0.5[49]
50000
Tethys
533.0 ± 0.7[24] 0.0834 0.624 0.0006 0.617 0.000103 3.57[50] 0.007 0.984 ± 0.003[51
Saturn III
Ceres
469.7 ± 0.1[52] 0.0742 0.433 0.0004 0.938[53] 0.000157 2.85[54] 0.006[54] 2.17
1
Sedna +157
453 −129 0.0785 0.516 0.0005
90377
star giant planet terrestrial planet dwarf planet moon of Earth moon of Jupiter moon of Saturn moon of Uranus moon of Neptune moon of Pluto
[note 2]
Radius Volume Mass Surface area Density
[note 1] Image
Body
(km) (R🜨) 9 3
(10 km ) (V🜨) (10 21
kg) (M🜨) 6
(10 km ) 2
🜨 (g/cm3)
2002 MS4
400 ± 12[57] 0.0628 0.2681 0.0002
307261
star giant planet terrestrial planet dwarf planet moon of Earth moon of Jupiter moon of Saturn moon of Uranus moon of Neptune moon of Pluto
Varda [61]
373 ± 8 245 ± 6 1.23 ± 0.04 cubewano; binary · [61]
174567
0.76 ~ 0.87
2003 AZ84 362 ~ 386 ± 6 [59][63]
150 ~ 210 (assuming HE) (assuming plutino; binary
208996 (assuming HE)
HE)
Ixion [64]
354.8 ± 0.1 – – plutino
28978
Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà [72]
229762
321 ± 14 136.1 ± 3.3 1.02 ± 0.17 SDO; binary · [73]
Vesta [82]
262.7 ± 0.1 259 3.46 belt asteroid type V · [82]
4
Pallas [84][85]
256 ± 2 204 ± 3 2.92 ± 0.08 belt asteroid type B
2
Enceladus [87]
252.1 ± 0.2 108.0 ± 0.1 1.609 ± 0.005 moon of Saturn · [88]
Saturn II
Legend:
Miranda [90]
235.8 ± 0.7 65.9 ± 7.5 1.2 ± 0.15 moon of Uranus · [91]
Uranus V
Hygiea [96]
216 ± 4 87.4 ± 6.9 2.06 ± 0.20 belt asteroid type C · [85]
10
Proteus [5]
Neptune VIII
210 ± 7 44 ≈ 1.3 moon of Neptune · [5]
Huya [68]
38628
203 ± 8 > 50 > 1.43 plutino; binary · [98]
Legend:
[87]
Mimas ·
198.2 ± 0.3 37.49 ± 0.03 moon of Saturn [88][24]
Saturn I
Nereid [24]
170 ± 25 moon of Neptune
Neptune II
Interamnia [102]
704
166 ± 3 35.2 ± 5.1 belt asteroid type F · [85]
Ilmarë [103]
163 ± 18 moon of 174567 Varda
Varda I
Europa [85]
160 ± 2 23.9 ± 3.8 belt asteroid type C
52
Hiʻiaka [37]
≈ 160 17.9 ± 1.1 moon of Haumea · [37]
Haumea I
Davida [85]
149 ± 2 26.6 ± 7.3 belt asteroid type C
511
Actaea [105]
143 ± 12 moon of 120347 Salacia
Salacia I
Sylvia [85]
137 ± 2 14.3 ± 0.5 outer belt asteroid type X; trinary
87
Lempo [106]
136 ± 9 plutino; trinary
47171
Eunomia [85]
135 ± 2 30.5 ± 1.9 belt asteroid type S
15
[58]
Hyperion ·
135 ± 4 5.62 ± 0.05 moon of Saturn [58][24]
Saturn VII
Euphrosyne [85]
134 ± 2 16.5 ± 2.6 belt asteroid type C; binary
31
Cybele [108]
131.5 ± 1.5 14.8 ± 1.8 outer belt asteroid type C
65
Chariklo [109]
≈ 130 centaur; has rings
10199
Juno [85]
127 ± 1 27.0 ± 2.4 belt asteroid type S
3
Hiisi [106]
126 ± 8 secondary of 47171 Lempo
Lempo II
Hektor [110]
125 ± 13 7.9 ± 1.4 Jupiter trojan (L4) type D; binary · [110]
624
Sila [111]
124 ± 15 10.8 ± 0.22 cubewano; binary
79360
Legend:
Nunam [111]
118 ± 15 secondary of 79360 Sila
79360
Bamberga [85]
114 ± 2 10.2 ± 0.9 belt asteroid type C
324
Patientia [112]
112.9 ± 2.3 10.9 ± 5.3 belt asteroid type C · [113]
451
Psyche [85]
112 ± 2 26.2 ± 2.9 belt asteroid type M
16
Ceto [93]
112 ± 5 5.4 ± 0.4 extended centaur; binary · [114]
65489
Herculina [115]
111.2 ± 2.4 belt asteroid type S
532
[115]
Hesperia ·
110 ± 15 5.86 ± 1.18 belt asteroid type M [113][116]
69
Thisbe [85]
109 ± 2 11.6 ± 2.2 belt asteroid type B
88
Doris [85]
108 ± 2 6.9 ± 2.9 belt asteroid type C
48
Chiron [68]
108 ± 5 centaur; has rings
2060 or 95P
[58]
Phoebe ·
106.5 ± 0.7 8.29 ± 0.01 moon of Saturn [58][24]
Saturn IX
Fortuna [85]
105.5 ± 1.0 8.8 ± 1.4 belt asteroid type G
19
Camilla [112]
107
105 ± 4 11.2 ± 0.3 outer belt asteroid type C; trinary · [113]
Themis [85]
104 ± 2 6.2 ± 2.9 belt asteroid type C
24
Amphitrite [85]
102 ± 1 12.7 ± 2.0 belt asteroid type S
29
Egeria [85]
101 ± 2 9.2 ± 2.1 belt asteroid type G
13
Iris [85]
100 ± 5 13.5 ± 2.3 belt asteroid type S
7
Legend:
From 50 to 99 km
This list contains a selection of objects 50 and 99 km in radius (100 km to 199 km in average diameter). The listed objects currently include
most objects in the asteroid belt and moons of the giant planets in this size range, but many newly discovered objects in the outer Solar
System are missing, such as those included in the following reference.[59] Asteroid spectral types are mostly Tholen, but some might be
SMASS.
[note 2] [note 5]
Radius Mass Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type
(km) (1018 kg) r·M
Elektra [85]
99.5 ± 1 6.4 ± 0.2 belt asteroid type G; multiple
130
Bienor +3 [117]
99 −3.5 centaur
54598
Hebe [85]
97.5 ± 1.5 12.4 ± 2.4 belt asteroid type S
6
Larissa [118]
97 ± 3 ≈ 4.2 moon of Neptune · [f][24]
Neptune VII
Ursula [120]
96.8 ± 1.3 8.4 ± 5.3 belt asteroid type C · [113]
375
Eugenia [85]
94 ± 1 5.8 ± 0.1 belt asteroid type F; trinary
45
Hermione [121]
121
94 ± 3 5.0 ± 0.3 outer belt asteroid type C; binary · [113]
Daphne [85]
94 ± 7 6.1 ± 0.9 belt asteroid type C; binary
41
Aurora [122]
93.8 ± 3.6 6.2 ± 3.6 belt asteroid type C · [113]
94
Bertha [113]
154
93.4 ± 0.9 9.2 ± 5.2 belt asteroid type C · [113]
Janus [58]
89.5 ± 1.4 1.898 ± 0.001 moon of Saturn · [58]
Saturn X
Aegle [112]
96
88.9 ± 0.8 6.4 ± 6.3 belt asteroid type T · [113]
[118]
Galatea ·
88 ± 4 2.12 ± 0.08 moon of Neptune [124][24]
Neptune VI
Phorcys +8 [114]
87 −9 ≈ 1.67 secondary of 65489 Ceto · [114]
Ceto I
Palma [125]
372
86.8 ± 1.4 5.2 ± 0.6 belt asteroid type B · [113]
Metis [112]
86.5 ± 1 8.0 ± 1.9 belt asteroid type S · [113]
9
Alauda [125]
86 ± 28 6.06 ± 0.36 belt asteroid type C; binary · [126]
702
Hilda [115]
85.3 ± 1.6 outer belt asteroid; Hildas
153
Himalia [5]
85 4.2 ± 0.6 moon of Jupiter · [127]
Jupiter VI
Namaka [37]
≈ 85 1.8 ± 1.5 moon of Haumea · [37]
Haumea II
Weywot
≈ 85 <≈5 moon of 50000 Quaoar
Quaoar I
Freia [120]
84.2 ± 1.0 2.0 ± 4.2 outer belt asteroid type P/type X · [113]
76
[128]
Amalthea ·
83.45 ± 2.4 2.08 ± 0.15 moon of Jupiter [129][24]
Jupiter V
Agamemnon [115]
83.3 ± 2.0 Jupiter trojan (L4) type D
911
Elpis [112]
82.6 ± 2.3 3 ± 0.5 belt asteroid type CP/type B · [113]
59
Eleonora [85]
82.5 ± 1.5 7.5 ± 2.7 belt asteroid type A
354
Nemesis [85]
81.5 ± 2.5 3.4 ± 1.7 belt asteroid type C
128
Puck [130]
81 ± 2 moon of Uranus
Uranus XV
Io [115]
85
77.4 ± 1.9 2.6 ± 1.5 belt asteroid type FC/type B · [113]
Minerva [112]
77.08 ± 0.65 3.5 ± 0.4 belt asteroid type C; trinary · [113]
93
Alexandra [112]
77.07 ± 0.32 6.2 ± 3.5 belt asteroid type C · [113]
54
Laetitia [113]
39
77 ± 2 4.7 ± 1.1 belt asteroid type S · [113]
Nemausa [85]
75 ± 1.5 3.9 ± 1.6 belt asteroid type G
51
Kalliope [85]
75 ± 2.5 7.7 ± 0.4 belt asteroid type M; binary
22
Despina [24]
75 ± 3 moon of Neptune
Neptune V
Manwë [133]
≈ 75 ≈ 1.41 resonant KBO (4:7); binary · [133]
385446
Pales [115]
≈ 74.9 4.2 ± 2.2 belt asteroid type C · [113]
49
Parthenope [85]
74.5 ± 1 5.5 ± 0.4 belt asteroid type S
11
Arethusa [122]
74.0 ± 2.4 belt asteroid type C
95
Pulcova [112]
73.7 ± 0.4 1.4 ± 0.1 belt asteroid type F; binary · [134]
762
Flora [85]
73 ± 1 4.0 ± 1.6 belt asteroid type S
8
Ino [85]
72.5 ± 1.5 2.2 ± 1.3 belt asteroid type Xc
173
Adeona [85]
72 ± 1.5 2.4 ± 0.3 belt asteroid type Xc
145
Irene [120]
14
72 ± 1 2.9 ± 1.9 belt asteroid type S · [113]
Melpomene [85]
70.5 ± 1 4.5 ± 0.9 belt asteroid type S
18
Lamberta [85]
70.5 ± 1 1.9 ± 0.3 belt asteroid type Ch
187
Aglaja [113]
47
71 ± 4 3.2 ± 1.7 belt asteroid type C · [113]
Patroclus [112]
70.2 ± 0.4 1.36 ± 0.11 Jupiter trojan (L5) type P; binary · [113]
617
Julia [85]
70 ± 1.4 4.3 ± 3.2 belt asteroid type S
89
Typhon [117]
69 ± 4.5 0.87 ± 0.03 resonant SDO (7:10); binary · [135]
42355
Massalia [125]
67.8 ± 1.8 5 ± 1.04 belt asteroid type S · [113]
20
Portia [5]
67.6 ± 4 moon of Uranus
Uranus XII
Emma [112]
66.2 ± 0.1 1.38 ± 0.03 belt asteroid type X; binary · [113]
283
Paha +4 [106]
66 −4.5 0.746 ± 0.001 moon of 47171 Lempo · [136]
Lempo I
Lucina [137]
65.9±? belt asteroid type C
146
Achilles [112]
65.0 ± 0.3 Jupiter trojan (L4) type DU
588
Panopaea [112]
70
64.0 ± 0.4 4.33 ± 1.09 belt asteroid type C · [113]
Thule [115]
63.3 ± 1.8 outer belt asteroid type D
279
Hestia [115]
46
62.07 ± 1.7 3.5 belt asteroid type P/type Xc · [139]
[note 2] [note 5]
Radius Mass Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type
(km) (1018 kg) r·M
Leto [112]
68
61.3 ± 1.6 3.28 ± 1.9 belt asteroid type S · [113]
Undina [120]
60.46 ± 0.85 4.43 ± 0.25 belt asteroid type X · [113]
92
Bellona [140]
28
60.45 ± 1.90 2.62 ± 0.15 belt asteroid type S · [113]
Diana [141]
78
60.30 ± 1.35 1.27 ± 0.13 belt asteroid type C · [113]
Anchises [120]
60.2 ± 1.5 Jupiter trojan (L5) type P
1173
Bernardinelli-
Bernstein 60 ± 7 comet [142]
C/2014 UN271
Galatea [143]
59.4 ± 1.4 6.13 ± 5.36 belt asteroid type C · [113]
74
Deiphobus [144]
59.1 ± 0.8 Jupiter trojan (L5) type D
1867
Äneas [145]
59.01 ± 0.40 Jupiter trojan (L5) type D
1172
Kleopatra [85]
59 ± 1 3.0 ± 0.3 belt asteroid type M; trinary
216
Athamantis [85]
59 ± 1 2.3 ± 1.1 belt asteroid type S
230
Diomedes [146]
58.89 ± 0.59 Jupiter trojan (L4) type D
1437
Terpsichore [147]
58.9 ± 0.4 6.19 ± 5.31 belt asteroid type C · [113]
81
Epimetheus [58]
58.1 ± 1.8 0.5266 ± 0.0006 moon of Saturn · [58]
Saturn XI
Victoria [85]
58 ± 1 2.7 ± 1.3 belt asteroid type S
12
Circe [112]
57.7 ± 1.0 ≈ 3.66 ± 0.03 belt asteroid type C · [113]
34
Leda [113]
38
57.7 ± 0.7 5.71 ± 5.47 belt asteroid type C · [113]
Odysseus [148]
57.3 ± 0.3 Jupiter trojan (L4) type D
1143
Alcathous [149]
56.8 ± 0.9 Jupiter trojan (L5) type D
2241
Melete [115]
56
56.62 ± 0.85 4.61 belt asteroid type P · [113]
Mnemosyne [150]
56.3 ± 1.4 ≈ 12.6 ± 2.4 belt asteroid type S · [113]
57
Nestor [151]
56.2 ± 0.9 Jupiter trojan (L4) type XC
659
Harmonia [152]
55.6 ± 0.2 belt asteroid type S
40
Leleākūhonua +7 [153]
55 −5 sednoid
541132
Euterpe [120]
54.9 ± 0.8 1.67 ± 1.01 belt asteroid type S · [113]
27
Antilochus [112]
54.4 ± 0.3 Jupiter trojan (L4) type D
1583
Thorondor [133]
54 0.5 secondary of 385446 Manwë · [133]
Manwë I
Thalia [154]
23
53.8 ± 1.1 1.96 ± 0.09 belt asteroid type S · [113]
Erato [155]
53.5 ± 0.3 belt asteroid type BU/type Ch
62
Astraea [156]
53.3 ± 1.6 2.9 belt asteroid type S · [139]
5
Eos [113]
51.76 ± 2.8 ≈ 5.87 ± 0.34 belt asteroid type S/type K · [113]
221
Aegina [157]
51.7 ± 0.2 belt asteroid type C
91
Leukothea [158]
51.5 ± 0.6 belt asteroid type C
35
[note 2] [note 5]
Radius Mass Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type
(km) (1018 kg) r·M
Menoetius [159]
51.4 ± 0.25 secondary of 617 Patroclus
Patroclus I
Isis [113]
51.4 ± 1.4 1.58 ± 0.52 belt asteroid type S · [113]
42
Klotho [112]
50.4 ± 0.3 1.33 ± 0.13 belt asteroid type M · [113]
97
Troilus [160]
50.3 ± 0.5 Jupiter trojan (L5) type FCU
1208
From 20 to 49 km
This list includes few examples since there are about 589 asteroids in the asteroid belt with a measured radius between 20 and 49 km.[161]
Many thousands of objects of this size range have yet to be discovered in the trans-Neptunian region. The number of digits is not an
endorsement of significant figures. The table switches from × 1018 kg to × 1015 kg (Eg). Most mass values of asteroids are assumed.[113][162]
[note 2] [note 5]
Radius Mass Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type – notes
(km) (1015 kg) r·M
Asterope [163]
49.8 ± 0.6 belt asteroid type T/type K
233
Thebe [128]
49.3 ± 2 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter XIV
Lutetia [85]
49 ± 1 1700 ± 20 belt asteroid type M
21
Kalypso [164]
48.631 ± 13.299 ≈ 5630 ± 5000 belt asteroid type XC · [113]
53
Notburga [113]
48.42 ± 2.335 belt asteroid type XC
626
Proserpina [165]
26
47.4 ± 0.85 748 ± 895 belt asteroid type S · [113]
Juliet [5]
46.8 ± 4 moon of Uranus
Uranus XI
Urania [85]
44 ± 1 1300 ± 900 belt asteroid type S
30
Ausonia [85]
46.5 ± 1.5 1200 ± 200 belt asteroid type S
63
Beatrix [112]
44.819 ± 1.326 belt asteroid type X
83
Concordia [112]
44.806 ± 0.419 belt asteroid type C
58
Echidna [135]
44.5 ± 3 moon of 42355 Typhon
Typhon I
Automedon [166]
44.287 ± 0.898 Jupiter trojan (L4) type D
2920
Antiope [167]
43.9 ± 0.5 828 ± 22 belt asteroid type C; binary · [167]
90
Prometheus [58]
Saturn XVI
43.1 ± 2.7 159.5 ± 1.5 moon of Saturn · [58]
Danaë [168]
42.969 ± 1.076 2890 ± 2780 belt asteroid type S · [113]
61
Thetis [169]
42.449 ± 1.014 1200 belt asteroid type S · [162]
17
Pandora [170]
42.397 ± 1.251 belt asteroid type M
55
Huenna [171]
42.394 ± 0.779 383 ± 19 belt asteroid type B/type C; binary · [172]
379
Virginia [173]
42.037 ± 0.121 2310 ± 700 belt asteroid type X/type Ch · [113]
50
Feronia [113]
41.975 ± 2.01 ≈ 3320 ± 8490 belt asteroid type TDG · [113]
72
Poulydamas [174]
41.016 ± 0.313 Jupiter trojan (L5) type C
4348
Logos [175]
41 ± 9 458 ± 6.9 cubewano; binary · [175]
58534
Pandora [58]
40.7 ± 1.5 137.1 ± 1.9 moon of Saturn · [58]
Saturn XVII
Thalassa [118]
40.7 ± 2.8 moon of Neptune
Neptune IV
Niobe [120]
40.43 ± 0.4 belt asteroid type S
71
Pomona [176]
40.38 ± 0.8 belt asteroid type S
32
Belinda [5]
40.3 ± 8 moon of Uranus
Uranus XIV
Elara [177]
39.95 ± 1.7 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter VII
Cressida [5]
39.8 ± 2 moon of Uranus
Uranus IX
Amycus [94]
38.15 ± 6.25 centaur
55576
[note 2] [note 5]
Radius Mass Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type – notes
(km) (1015 kg) r·M
Hylonome [178]
37.545 centaur
10370
Socus [112]
37.831 ± 0.404 Jupiter trojan (L5) type C
3708
Nysa [120]
37.83 ± 0.37 belt asteroid type E
44
Rosalind [5]
36 ± 6 moon of Uranus
Uranus XIII
Maja [120]
35.895 ± 0.46 belt asteroid type C
66
Ariadne [179]
35.67 ± 0.627 ≈ 1210 ± 220 belt asteroid type S · [113]
43
Iphigenia [113]
112
35.535 ± 0.26 ≈ 1970 ± 6780 belt asteroid type C · [113]
Xiangliu
≈ 35 ± 15 moon of (225088) Gonggong
Gonggong I
Dike [180]
33.677 ± 0.208 belt asteroid type C
99
Echeclus [117]
32.3 ± 0.8 centaur
60558 or 174P
Desdemona [5]
32 ± 4 moon of Uranus
Uranus X
Eurybates [112]
31.943 ± 0.149 Jupiter trojan (L4) type CP
3548
Eurynome [181]
31.739 ± 0.476 belt asteroid type S
79
Eurydike [182]
31.189 ± 0.802 belt asteroid type M
75
Halimede [5]
≈ 31 moon of Neptune
Neptune IX
Phocaea [112]
25
30.527 ± 1.232 599 ± 60 belt asteroid type S · [113]
Naiad [118]
30.2 ± 3.2 moon of Neptune
Neptune III
Schwassmann–
[183]
Wachmann 1 30.2 ± 3.7 comet
29P
Neso [5]
≈ 30 moon of Neptune
Neptune XIII
Angelina [184]
29.146 ± 0.541 belt asteroid type E
64
Pasiphae [177]
28.9 ± 0.4 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter VIII
Alkmene [185]
28.811 ± 0.357 belt asteroid type S
82
Nessus [117]
28.5 ± 8.5 centaur
7066
Polana [186]
27.406 ± 0.139 belt asteroid type F
142
Bianca [5]
27 ± 2 moon of Uranus
Uranus VIII
Mathilde [187]
26.4 103.3 ± 4.4 belt asteroid type C · [188]
253
Hidalgo [120]
26.225 ± 1.8 centaur
944
Orus [112]
25.405 ± 0.405 Jupiter trojan (L4) type C/type D
21900
Amalthea [112]
25.069 ± 0.633 belt asteroid type S; binary
113
Prospero [5]
≈ 25 moon of Uranus
Uranus XVIII
Setebos [5]
≈ 24 moon of Uranus
Uranus XIX
Carme [177]
23.35 ± 0.45 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter XI
Klytia [189]
22.295 ± 0.471 belt asteroid type S
73
[note 2] [note 5]
Radius Mass Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type – notes
(km) (1015 kg) r·M
Sao [5]
≈ 22 moon of Neptune
Neptune XI
Echo [190]
21.609 ± 0.286 315 ± 32 belt asteroid type S · [113]
60
Metis [128]
21.5 ± 2 ≈ 119.893 moon of Jupiter · [191]
Jupiter XVI
Ophelia [5]
21.4 ± 4 moon of Uranus
Uranus VII
Lysithea [177]
21.1 ± 0.35 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter X
Laomedeia [5]
≈ 21 moon of Neptune
Neptune XII
Cordelia [5]
20.1 ± 3 moon of Uranus
Uranus VI
Psamathe [5]
≈ 20 moon of Neptune
Neptune X
From 1 to 19 km
This list contains some examples of Solar System objects between 1 and 19 km in radius. This is a common size for asteroids, comets and
irregular moons.
[note 2] [note 5]
Radius Mass Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type – notes
(km) (1015 kg) r·M
Urda [192]
19.968 ± 0.132 belt asteroid type S
167
Hydra [193]
19.65 48 ± 42 moon of Pluto · [194]
Pluto III
Siarnaq [177]
19.65 ± 2.95 moon of Saturn
Saturn XXIX
Koronis [195]
19.513 ± 0.231 belt asteroid type S
158
Nix [193]
19.017 45 ± 40 moon of Pluto · [194]
Pluto II
Ganymed [112]
18.838 ± 0.199 ≈ 167 ± 318 Amor asteroid type S · [113]
1036
Okyrhoe [196]
18 ± 0.6 centaur
52872
Helene [58]
17.6 ± 0.4 moon of Saturn; Dione trojan (L4)
Saturn XII
Sinope [177]
17.5 ± 0.3 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter IX
Hippocamp [118]
Neptune XIV
17.4 ± 1 ≈ 50 moon of Neptune · [118]
Leucus [112]
17.078 ± 0.323 Jupiter trojan (L4) type D
11351
Stephano [5]
≈ 16 moon of Uranus
Uranus XX
Arrokoth [197]
15.85 ± 0.25 cubewano; contact binary
486958
Ida [198]
15.7 42 ± 6 belt asteroid type S; binary · [199]
243
Atlas [58]
15.1 ± 0.9 6.6 moon of Saturn · [58]
Saturn XV
Ananke [177]
14.55 ± 0.3 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter XII
Albiorix [177]
14.3 ± 2.7 moon of Saturn
Saturn XXVI
Pan [58]
14.1 ± 1.3 4.95 moon of Saturn · [200]
Saturn XVIII
Linus [201]
Kalliope I
14 ± 1 ≈ 60 asteroid moon of 22 Kalliope · [202]
Dioretsa [203]
14 ± 3 centaur; damocloid
20461
Perdita [5]
13 ± 1 moon of Uranus
Uranus XXV
Telesto [58]
12.4 ± 0.4 moon of Saturn; Tethys trojan (L4)
Saturn XIII
Mab [5]
12 ± 1 moon of Uranus
Uranus XXVI
Phobos [204]
11.1 ± 0.15 10.659 moon of Mars · [205]
Mars I
Paaliaq [5]
≈ 11 moon of Saturn
Saturn XX
Francisco [5]
≈ 11 moon of Uranus
Uranus XXII
Leda [177]
10.75 ± 0.85 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter XIII
Calypso [58]
10.7 ± 0.7 moons of Saturn; Tethys trojan (L5)
Saturn XIV
Polymele [115]
10.548 ± 0.068 Jupiter trojan (L4) type P
15094
Margaret [5]
≈ 10 moon of Uranus
Uranus XXIII
Ferdinand [5]
≈ 10 moon of Uranus
Uranus XXIV
Cupid [5]
9 ±1 moon of Uranus
Uranus XXVII
[note 2] [note 5]
Radius Mass Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type – notes
(km) (1015 kg) r·M
Ymir [5]
≈9 moon of Saturn
Saturn XIX
Trinculo [5]
≈9 moon of Uranus
Uranus XXI
Eros [206]
8.42 ± 0.02 6.687 ± 0.003 Amor asteroid type S · [206]
433
Adrastea [5]
8.2 ± 2 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter XV
Kiviuq [5]
≈8 moon of Saturn
Saturn XXIV
Tarvos [5]
≈ 7.5 moon of Saturn
Saturn XXI
Kerberos [207]
Pluto IV
≈ 6.333 16 ± 9 moon of Pluto · [208]
Gaspra [209]
6.266 20–30 belt asteroid type S · [210]
951
Deimos [5]
6.2 ± 0.18 1.476 moon of Mars · [211]
Mars II
Skamandrios [110]
6 ± 1.5 asteroid moon of 624 Hektor
Hektor I
Ijiraq [5]
≈6 moon of Saturn
Saturn XXII
Styx [207]
Pluto V
≈ 5.5 ≈ 7.65 moon of Pluto · [208]
Romulus [214]
5.4 ± 2.8 asteroid moon of 87 Sylvia
Sylvia I
Masursky [215]
5.372 ± 0.085 belt asteroid type S
2685
Erriapus [5]
≈5 moon of Saturn
Saturn XXVIII
Callirrhoe [177]
4.8 ± 0.65 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter XVII
Alexhelios [216]
4.45 ± 0.8 asteroid moon of 216 Kleopatra
Kleopatra I
Esclangona [217]
4.085 ± 0.3 inner belt asteroid type S; binary
1509
Themisto [5]
≈4 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter XVIII
Daphnis [58]
3.8 ± 0.8 0.077 ± 0.015 moon of Saturn · [58]
Saturn XXXV
Petit-Prince [218]
3.5 ± 1 asteroid moon of 45 Eugenia
Eugenia I
Praxidike [177]
3.5 ± 0.35 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter XXVII
Bestla [5]
≈ 3.5 moon of Saturn
Saturn XXXIX
Remus [214]
≈ 3.5 asteroid moon of 87 Sylvia
Sylvia II
Kalyke [177]
3.45 ± 0.65 moon of Jupiter
Jupiter XXIII
Cleoselene [216]
3.45 ± 0.8 asteroid moon of 216 Kleopatra
Kleopatra II
Tempel 1 [220]
3 ± 0.1 Jupiter-family comet; Deep Impact flyby and impacted
9P
Phaethon [221]
2.9 Apollo asteroid type F
3200
Borrelly [223]
2.66 Jupiter-family comet
19P
Šteins [112]
2.58 ± 0.084 belt asteroid type E
2867
[note 2] [note 5]
Radius Mass Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type – notes
(km) (1015 kg) r·M
Atira [224]
2.4 ± 0.25 Atira asteroid type S; binary
163693
Annefrank [225]
2.4 belt asteroid type S
5535
Balam [226]
2.332 ± 0.107 0.51 ± 0.02 belt asteroid type S; trinary · [227]
3749
Pallene [228]
2.22 ± 0.07 moon of Saturn
Saturn XXXIII
Florence [122]
2.201 ± 0.015 0.079 ± 0.002 Amor asteroid type S; trinary · [229]
3122
Wild 2 [230]
2.133 Jupiter family comet
81P
Litva [231]
2.115 Mars-crosser type EU; trinary
2577
Churyumov–
[232]
Gerasimenko 2 0.00998 Jupiter-family comet · [233]
67P
Donaldjohanson [234]
1.948 ± 0.007 belt asteroid type C
52246
Cuno [235]
1.826 ± 0.051 Apollo asteroid type S/type Q
4183
1986 DA [236]
1.575 Amor asteroid type M
6178
Toutatis [238]
4179
1.516 0.0505 Apollo asteroid type S · [238]
Methone [228]
1.45 ± 0.03 moon of Saturn
Saturn XXXII
Carpo (moon)
1.44 Moon of Jupiter
Jupiter XLVI
Polydeuces [58]
1.3 ± 0.4 moon of Saturn; Dione trojan (L5)
Saturn XXXIV
APL [243]
≈ 1.25 belt asteroid type S
132524
Camillo [122]
1.153 ± 0.044 Apollo asteroid type S
3752
Cruithne [244]
1.036 ± 0.053 Aten asteroid type Q; quasi-satellite of Earth
3753
Below 1 km
This list contains examples of objects below 1 km in radius. That means that irregular bodies can have a longer chord in some directions,
hence the mean radius averages out. In the asteroid belt alone there are estimated to be between 1.1 and 1.9 million objects with a radius
above 0.5 km,[245] many of which are in the range 0.5–1.0 km. Countless more have a radius below 0.5 km. Very few objects in this size
range have been explored or even imaged. The exceptions are objects that have been visited by a probe, or have passed close enough to
Earth to be imaged. Radius is by mean geometric radius. Number of digits not an endorsement of significant figures. Mass scale shifts from
× 1015 to 109 kg, which is equivalent to one billion kg or 1012 grams (Teragram – Tg). Currently most of the objects of mass between 109 kg
to 1012 kg (less than 1000 teragrams (Tg)) listed here are near-Earth asteroids (NEAs). The Aten asteroid 1994 WR12 has less mass than the
Great Pyramid of Giza, 5.9 × 109 kg. For more about very small objects in the Solar System, see meteoroid, micrometeoroid, cosmic dust,
and interplanetary dust cloud. (See also Visited/imaged bodies.)
[note 2] Mass [note 5]
Radius Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type – notes
(m) (109 kg) r·M
Ra-Shalom [120]
990 ± 25 Aten asteroid type C
2100
Geographos [112]
980 ± 30 Apollo asteroid type S
1620
Midas [120]
975 ± 35 Apollo asteroid type S
1981
Mithra [122]
924.5 ± 11 Apollo asteroid type S
4486
1998 OH [122]
831.5 ± 164.5 Apollo asteroid type S
12538
Tantalus [246]
824.5 ± 22.5 Apollo asteroid type Q
2102
Braille [247]
820 Mars-crosser type Q
9969
Apollo [249]
≈ 750 Apollo asteroid type Q
1862
Icarus [251]
730 Apollo asteroid type S
1566
Dactyl [252]
700 asteroid moon of 243 Ida
Ida I
Castalia [253]
700 Apollo asteroid type S; contact binary
4769
Moshup [255]
658.5 ± 20 2490 ± 54 Aten asteroid type S; binary · [256]
66391
1950 DA [257]
29075
653 ≈ 2000 Apollo asteroid type S · [258]
Hartley 2 [260]
570 ± 80 ≈ 300 Jupiter-family comet · [260]
103P
Nyx [262]
500 ± 75 Amor asteroid type V
3908
Ryugu [265]
432.5 ± 7.5 ≈ 450 Apollo asteroid type Cg · [266]
162173
Hermes [269]
400 ± 50 Apollo asteroid type Sq
69230
Didymos [270]
65803
390 ± 4 527 Apollo asteroid type Xk; binary · [271]
Aten [112]
365 ± 15 Aten asteroid type S
2062
Aegaeon [228]
330 ± 60 moon of Saturn
Saturn LIII
1994 CC [273]
310 ± 30 266 ± 32.9 Apollo asteroid type Sq; trinary · [274]
136617
Golevka [276]
265 ± 15 Apollo asteroid type Q
6489
[note 2] Mass [note 5]
Radius Refs
Body[note 1] Image Type – notes
(m) (109 kg) r·M
Bennu [277]
101955
262.5 ± 37.5 78 ± 9 Apollo asteroid type B · [278]
Squannit [256]
225.5 ± 13.5 asteroid moon of 66391 Moshup
Moshup I
1988 EG [283]
199.5 ± 1.35 Apollo asteroid type S
6037
2010 TK7 189.5 ± 61.5 Aten asteroid; Earth trojan (L4) [284]
Itokawa [287]
173 35.1 ± 1.05 Apollo asteroid type S · [287]
25143
Apophis [288]
162.5 ± 7.5 ≈ 61 Aten asteroid type Sq · [289]
99942
[291]
(277475) 2005 WK4 142 Apollo asteroid type S
Zoozve [294]
≈ 118 Aten asteroid type X; co-orbital with Venus
524522
Dimorphos [271]
85 ± 15 asteroid moon of 65803 Didymos
Didymos I
YORP [297]
61.8 Apollo asteroid type S
54509
Kamoʻoalewa [298]
41 Apollo asteroid type S; quasi-satellite of Earth
469219
Duende [299]
23.75 Aten asteroid type L
367943
+2 [304]
2011 MD 3 −1 Apollo asteroid/Amor asteroid type S
[305]
2008 TC3 2.05 0.00008 Apollo asteroid type F/type M · [305]
[306]
2023 BU 1.5 Apollo asteroid
[307]
2008 TS26 ≈ 0.49 Apollo asteroid
Gallery
Solar system planets, major moons, and 3 stars of different sizes are shown comparatively in three levels of
zoom: one for the rocky planets, one for the gas giants, and one for the stars.
See also
List of gravitationally rounded objects of the Solar System
List of dwarf planets
List of minor planets
List of natural satellites
List of near-Earth asteroids by distance from Sun
List of Solar System objects most distant from the Sun
List of space telescopes
Lists of astronomical objects
Notes
a. Radius estimated using equatorial radius and assuming body is spherical
b. Radius has been determined by various methods, such as optical (Hubble), thermal (Spitzer), or direct imaging via spacecraft
c. Calculated in Wolfram Alpha using semi axes of 1050 × 840 × 537 (Ellipsoid volume: 1.98395×10^9 km3 (https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i
=ellipsoid+volume+semi-axis+lengths+1050+840+537))
d. Best fit, assuming Haumea is in hydrostatic equilibrium
e. Radius estimated by using three radii and assuming body is spheroid
f. The mass estimate is based on the assumed density of 1.2 g/cm3, and a volume of 3.5 × 106 km3 obtained from a detailed shape model in
Stooke (1994).[119]
1. Name of body, including alternative names using Roman numerals to designate moons (such as "Saturn I" for Mimas), and numbers to designate
minor planets
2. Mean radius including uncertainties
3. Given as surface gravity (1 bar for gaseous planets)
4. Figures from default source Johnston's Archive—List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects,[59] if otherwise not mentioned in the References column
5. Reference column specifically for radius (r) and mass (M) citations
References
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Further reading
NASA Planetary Data System (PDS) (http://www.psi.edu/pds/)
Asteroids with Satellites (http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoons.html)
Minor Planet discovery circumstances (http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/iau/lists/NumberedMPs.txt)
Supplemental IRAS Minor Planet Survey (SIMPS) and IRAS Minor Planet Survey (IMPS)
External links
Planetary fact sheets (http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/planetfact.html)
Asteroid fact sheet (http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/asteroidfact.html)