Teaching Science in Elementary (Physics and Earth Science) – Activities

Lesson 4: Constructivist Theory in Teaching Science

A. ACTIVATE
Activity A.1
Recall the best moments you had in your science class. What were you doing? What was your lesson? Who
was your teacher? What made it the best moment?

One of my best moments in my science class was during a hands-on experiment exploring the
principles of buoyancy. The lesson was focused on understanding how objects float or sink in different
liquids, and it was led by Mrs. Acio an enthusiastic and dedicated science teacher. During the
experiment, we were tasked with designing and building small boats using various materials such as
aluminum foil, plastic straws, and cardboard. Each boat had to be capable of floating in a container
filled with water while carrying a specified load of pennies. As we worked in small groups to construct
our boats, Mrs. Acio moved around the classroom, offering guidance, asking probing questions, and
encouraging us to think critically about our designs. He challenged us to consider factors such as
buoyant force, displacement, and weight distribution in our creations. Once the boats were
constructed, we eagerly placed them in the water and watched with anticipation as they floated or
sank based on their design and the number of pennies they could support. Throughout the
experiment, Mrs. Acio facilitated discussions among the groups, encouraging us to reflect on our
observations, troubleshoot any challenges we encountered, and share our findings with the class.
What made this moment so memorable was the combination of hands-on learning, collaborative
problem-solving, and enthusiastic teaching. By engaging us in a real-world experiment and guiding us
through the process, Mrs. Acio sparked our curiosity, fostered a sense of teamwork, and deepened
our understanding of scientific concepts.

B. ANALYZE
Activity B.1
From the list below, circle the principles of constructivist teaching and learning.
1. Engage the students in the discovery and examination of relevant and meaningful problems.
2. Organize the curriculum into activities and broad primary concepts.
3. Explore and value the students’ perspectives.
4. Encourage the students to investigate and challenge their assumptions.
5. Use assessment to diagnose and guide the student learning.
6. The teacher uses multiples forms of assessment and flexible groupings.
7. Knowledge is shaped by experience.
8. Learning is a persona interpretation of the world.
9. Learning is solely by doing.
Activity B. 2
How does a constructivist classroom look like compared to a traditional classroom? Characterize a
constructivist classroom by completing the list of features in the second column.

TRADITIONAL CLASSROOM CONSTRUCTIVIST CLASSROOM

Adherence to fixed curriculum In pursuing the interests and queries of the students

Textbooks and workbooks It is the original materials and manipulatives

The instructor gives and the students receive In learning it involves interaction and expanding on
prior knowledge for students.

Knowledge is inert The knowledge is fluid and evolves with experiences.

Assessment via paper-and-pen test The exams, observations, points of view, and student
work are used to assess students.

The instructor assumes authoritative role The Instructor talks to pupils and engages in
negotiation.

The students work individually The student’s works as group.

C. ABSTRACT
Activity C.1
How would you like to be taught in science?
1. Ask your colleagues the same question and tabulate your answers.
2. Find out patterns and themes.
3. Categorize your responses as constructivist or non-constructivist teaching and learning approaches.

As per my classmates, Using practical experiments and activities to teach science increases student
involvement and enjoyment while improving learning. Students are encouraged to investigate
scientific ideas through experiments and generate their own hypotheses by implementing inquiry-
based learning strategies. Students can apply scientific concepts to real-world situations and
collaborate to find solutions when real-world linkages and collaborative learning are integrated into
their education. Deepening comprehension and accommodating various learning styles are achieved
through the use of project-based learning activities and multimodal techniques. Additional
opportunities for students to engage with real-world professionals and witness science in action are
offered by field trips and guest lecturers. All things considered, this dynamic approach to teaching
science develops a lifelong passion and enthusiasm for the natural world in children by creating an
engaging learning environment where they actively participate in exploring, experimenting, and
finding.
4. Come up with your personal definition of constructivist teaching.

Through supportive questioning, constructivist teaching encourages students to expand on their ideas
and utilize those ideas to support their viewpoints. It can also challenge students to think more
broadly about the course or topic. In order to increase students' motivation to learn and expand their
comprehension, constructivist teachers also connect their lessons to their students' interests and daily
lives. As a result, students are better able to grasp big ideas and critical concepts like cause and
effect and inquiry-based learning.

D. APPLY
Activity D. 1
Try out your knowledge and understanding of constructivist teaching strategies by selecting appropriate
strategies that will complete the table of alignment below. Make sure that the teaching strategies match the
target topic and competencies.

TOPICS COMPETENCIES CONSTRUCTIVIST TEACHING

STRATEGIES
Characteristics of solids, Describe different objects Conduct an experiment aimed at demonstrating the
liquids, and gases based on their characteristics distinctions between different states of matter.
(e.g., shape, weight, volume,
ease of flow)

Human sense organs Enumerate healthful habits to The first exercise of the lesson would involve the
protect the sense organs pupils using their senses. And allow them to assess
how to care for it and what would occur if it wasn't.

Animals Describe animals in their Activity: the teacher plays a description of an

immediate surroundings animal, then lets the students name it by playing the
sound it makes.

Heat and electricity Describe sources of light, Let the experts handle it and attend the class where
sound, heat, and electricity the subject matter is more easily explained.

Proper disposal of waste Identify the effects of Using a projector and films to explain and facilitate
decaying materials on one’s a conversation about the health and safety
health and safety implications of improper disposal would be
beneficial.

III. Lesson Synthesis

Are there downfalls in using constructivist teaching approach?
Although constructivist teaching methods have many advantages, such as developing critical
thinking, problem-solving abilities, and a deeper comprehension of the subject, there may also be
drawbacks to take into account. One difficulty with constructivist approaches is their time-consuming
nature, which may necessitate additional preparation, guidance, and one-on-one time with teachers.
Furthermore, especially if they are used to more organized, teacher-directed training, kids may find
constructivist learning to be too open-ended and experimental for them. Inadequate direction and
clarification may lead to misconceptions, therefore it might be concerning to make sure all pupils fully
participate and develop appropriate understandings. Furthermore, because traditional modes of
evaluation, such standardized examinations, might not adequately reflect the depth of understanding
and skills produced through inquiry-based learning, evaluating student learning in a constructivist
classroom can be challenging.
When does constructivist teaching strategy work best?
Constructivist teaching strategies are most effective in environments that value active engagement,
critical thinking, and collaboration. They work best when students are encouraged to construct their
own understanding through exploration, inquiry, and reflection. Constructivist approaches thrive in
contexts where learning is seen as a dynamic process shaped by students' prior knowledge,
experiences, and interactions with the environment. These strategies are particularly well-suited for
topics that involve complex concepts, real-world applications, and multiple perspectives. Subjects
such as science, social studies, and problem-solving disciplines benefit from constructivist methods
because they allow students to explore, question, and make connections between abstract ideas and
concrete experiences. In addition, constructivist teaching strategies excel in classrooms that prioritize
student-centered learning and foster a supportive, inquiry-driven culture. When teachers serve as
facilitators rather than lecturers, guiding students through meaningful learning experiences,
constructivist approaches can lead to deeper understanding, increased motivation, and lifelong
learning skills.