ASSESMENT REVIEWER

QUESTIONS:
Bottle Sterilization:

1. Can you mention without looking at the materials in front of you the
materials needed for bottle sterilization?
2. What is the very first thing to do in bottle sterilization?
3. Is the bottle used for mixing the milk the same as the feeding bottle to
feed the infant? Why?
4. What is the supposed to be sterilized for?
5. How many minutes are you going to sterilize the nipples or tops?
6. How many minutes are you going to sterilize the feeding bottles and
other materials?
7. Where are you going to place the feeding bottles and the other materials
after sterilizing?

Formula Preparation:

1. Can you mention the materials to be used in formula preparation?

2. What are you going to use in transferring mixed milk to feeding bottle?
3. What method are you going to use in mixing and shaking the feeding
bottle?
8 method figure motion
4. What is colic spasm?
5. How to prevent colic spasm?

Infant Bathing:

1. Is there really a need to check room temperature? Why?

2. Why do we need to check the water temperature?
3. Why do we undress the baby without the diaper?
4. How are you going to hold the baby? Football grip.
5. Which part of the baby are you going to wash first? 3 method figures of
motion.
6. In shampooing the baby, how will you prepare the baby for that?
Sprinkle the baby with a little amount of water on his tummy.
7. Why do we need to fold the baby's ear lobes?
8. How will you clean the umbilical cord of the baby?

Feeding Infant:

1. Can you show me the exact position of the baby when you feed him?
2. Can you tell me which part of the baby is the so-called sebaceous glands
or oil glands?
3. We are not to use cotton on the baby's face, why?
4. How will you stimulate the rooting reflex of the baby?
5. How will you burp the baby?
6. Can you mention the 3 methods of burping the baby?

Bed to Wheelchair:

1. How will you prepare the wheelchair?

2. What will you say to your client before doing the activity? Please
cooperate.
3. Which part are you going to move first? Why?
4. Can you show me how will, you transfer your stroke client in which the
left side is the affected part?
5. In transferring the stroke client from wheelchair to bed, how are you
going to do it?
6. What is the use of gait belt for some patients? Why?

Crutches:

1. 2 Point Gait
2. 3 Point Gait

CHILD CARE TESDA REVIEWER

1. WHAT ARE SOME REASONS WHY INFANT CRIES?
*Infant is wet, hungry, or uncomfortable, needs attention.
2. WHAT IS COLIC?
*Air in the gastrointestinal tract that can cause vomiting and abdominal
spasm.
*Abdominal spasm.
3. WHAT WILL YOU DO IF THE CHILD HAS TEMPER TANTRUMS?
*Stay calm, ask the child what happen, don't argue, Ignore the behavior
but provide safety and security to the child, divert his attention.
4. WHAT IS TANTRUM?
*Overacting, showing up, exaggerated display outburst reaction of a
child.
5. FIRST AID FOR COLIC/ABDOMINAL SPASM?
*Burp the baby after every feeding of milk.
*Position the baby on his tummy, then gently tap the baby's back until
the air releases.
6. HOW TO PREVENT COLIC?
*Do not overfeed the baby, always remember to burp the baby.
*Always fill nipple with milk before feeding the baby.
7. WHAT SAFETY PRECAUTION SHOULD BE OBSERVED IF TODDLER IS
IN THE CRIB?
*Raise the crib side rails securely.
8. WHY SHOULD TODDLERS BE ALLOWED TO WALK AND EXPLORE
THEIR SURROUNDINGS?
*To satisfy toddler's curiosity and sensory development.
9. HOW WOULD YOU ENHANCE TODDLER'S PHYSICAL GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT?
*Provide ball to kick and throw.
*Allow to ride bicycle and run around.
*Climb the stairs with supervision.
*Balanced diet and enough sleep.
10. WHAT CAN YOU DO TO DEVELOP THE SOCIAL FUCNTIONS OF A
CHILD?
*Gross motor skills - by bringing them to the park to play, run, skip, and
jump.
*Fine motor skills is by writing, coloring, play dough, puzzles.
11. WHAT CAN YOU DO TO DEVELOP THE SOCAIL FUNCTIONS OF A
CHILD?
*By letting them interact with other children or people.
*By bringing them to the park to mingle with other kids.
*By means of sharing.
12. HOW WOULD YOU BOOST A CHILD'S SELF-ESTEEM?
*Expose, explore and experience.
*Allow child to express his/her feeling and ideas.
*Allow simple task or chores.
*Praise positive behavior.
13. WHAT ARE THE ACTIVITIES THAT ENHANCES INTELLECTUAL
AND CREATIVE NEEDS OF A CHILD?
*Storytelling, painting, drawing and make-believe play.
14. HOW DO YOU DEVELOP BONDING WITH THE CHILD?
*Spend more time talking and playing with the child.
*Allow the child to participate or do simple chores together.
15. WHAT ARE THE BEST OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES FOR 8–10-YEAR-
OLD CHILD?
* Organized sports such as basketball, football.
16. WHAT ARE THE HYGIENE PRACTICES THAT YOU SHOULD
INSTILL TO CHIDREN?
*Hand washing before and after eating, tooth brushing, bathing and care
of hair and nails.
17. WHAT ARE THE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ARE YOU GOING TO DO
WHEN THE INFANT STARTS CRAWLING?
*Keep surroundings clean and free of sharp and small objects that might
be swallowed by the infant and plastic/paper bags that can suffocate the
infant.
18. WHAT WILL YOU DO IF THE CHILD HAS FEBRILE SEIZURE OR
CONVULSIONS DUE TO HIGH FEVER?
*Stay calm, make sure your child is in safe place and cannot fall down or
hit something hard.
*Lay the child on his or her side to prevent choking.
*Watch for the signs of breathing difficulty, including any color change in
your child's face.
*If the seizure lasts more than 10minutes, or the child turns to blue, it is
probably the more serious type of seizure- call 161 right away.
*Do not try to hold or restrain the child.
*Do not put anything on the child's mouth.
*Do not try to give a fever reducing medicine, during the episode of
convulsion.
*Do not try to put the child in to cool or lukewarm water to cool off.
19. HOW WILL YOU KNOW IF THE CHILD IS READY TO BE TOILET
TRAINED?
*If the child show eagerness to go to the toilet.
*Shows signs of bowel and sphincter control.
*Able to control/hold the ability to urinate/defecate.
20. WHAT WILL YOU DO IF CHILD HAS TOILETING ACCIDENT?
*Stay calm and clean up the child gently.
*Assure that accidents do happen and do not nag on the child.
21. WHAT ARE THE THINGS TO CONSIDER IN DRESSING UP THE
CHILD?
*Occasions, child's age and preference, weather condition, child's
cultural background.
22. WHAT PRECAUTION WOULD YOU TAKE TO AVOID ACCIDENT
WITH CHILD'S TOYS?
*The size of a toy should not fit the hole of a toilet tissue paper.
*Make sure no broken pieces and sharp edges on toys and keep away
from stairs or scattered in walkways.
23. WHAT ARE THE PRECAUTIONS WHEN PREPARING MEAL FOR
ASTHMATIC CHILD?
*Avoid serving foods such as chicken, sea foods (crabs, shrimps),
peanuts, chocolates, legumes (peas, beans), egg white.
24. WHAT WILL YOU DO IF THE CHILD SWALLOWED A CHEMICAL
AGENT?
*Determine the type of chemical being swallowed.
*Call PCC (poison control center) stating the child's age, condition,
amount and time swallowed, save the bottle of poison.
*If it is a liquid and corrosive chemical, offer a milk or plenty of water to
dilute the poison, do not induce vomiting.
*If it is tablet do not give anything by mouth, because it will make the
drug absorb faster.
25. WHAT WILL YOU DO IF THE CHILD HAS BURNS?
*Have affected part immersed in cold water.
*Never put toothpaste on the affected area.
*Call 161 for moderate to severe burns.
26. WHAT WILL YOU DO WHEN YOU AND THE CHILD IS INSIDE A
BURNING HOUSE?
*Presence of mind and act immediately and do not panic.
*Bring the child out of the house to a safer place.
*Locate any place to escape or use fire exit.
*If any if you are using the door to get out touch the knob first, if it is hot
do not open it, instead use the window possible to escape.
*Get a blanket and wet it to cover the child and yourself.
*Assist first the child and secure her safety before yourself.
*Call for help by calling the fire department.
27. WHAT IS THE DIET FOR AN ACTIVE CHILD?
*Give nutritious and energy giving foods. Such as grain products like
(bread, cereal, rice, spaghetti). Body regulates foods such as vegetables,
fruits, milk products, meat and fish.
*Offer a small but frequent meal.
*Provide nutritious finger foods.
28. WHAT WILL YOU DO IF THE CHILD HAS POOR APPETITE?
*Encourage healthy eating habits.
*Calmly accept food refusal.
*Have regular meals and snacks.
*Fluids are given after meal is finish.
*Serve favorite foods with not so favorite ones.
*Avoid using food as a reward/punishment.
29. CARRYING AN INFANT
*Always support the child's head.
*Hold the infant close to you Do not carry other objects while you are
carrying the child.
*Do not hold the infant while you are talking on the phone or cooking at
the stove.
30. COLOSTRUM
*The clear yellow fluid in the breast before the time the body makes milk.
*A nourishing substance and contains antibodies the baby needs.
31. PROLACTIN
*Hormone which is responsible for milk production in the mammary
gland.
32. BREASTFEEDING
* Usually 6-8 minutes at each breast, mother should drink 6-8 glasses of
fluid each day.
33. ASSISTING WITH BREASTFEEDING
*Remind mother to wash her hands each feeding.
*Nipples are usually washed with soapy water and rinsed thoroughly
during daily bathing.
34. STERILIZING BOTTLES AND NIPPLES
*To destroy bacteria that might cause illness.
35. THREE TYPES OF FORMULA
*Ready-to-feed formula (prepared formula)
-shake it before opening and pour the contents into sterile bottle.
-this type of formula needs no preparation.
*Powdered formula
-costs less per serving than ready-to-feed formula, use a previously
boiled water.
*Concentrated liquid formula - the least expensive type of formula -
dilute exactly as the directions state.
36. STERILIZING THE BOTTLES AND NIPPLES
*Scrub bottles, nipples, and caps with hot soapy water.
*Rinse thoroughly with hot water.
*Remove the nipples and caps 10 to 15 minutes after the full boil begins.
*Remove the bottles 25minutes after the full boil begins.
37. ASSISTING WITH BOTTLE-FEEDING USING FORMULA
*Always check the temperature of the liquid in the bottle before giving it
to the baby.
*Infants should be held during bottle feeding, do not prop bottles, do not
leave babies unattended.
*The nipple should be full of liquid to prevent the baby from sucking and
swallowing air.
38. BURPING THE INFANT
*Helps the baby get rid of the excess air Prevent build-up of air by
feeding the infant slowly and stopping after every 2 ounces to burp the
baby.
39. TWO METHODS FOR BURPING A BABY
*Method A: cover your shoulder with a clean cloth, hold the baby in a
vertical position so his head is resting on your shoulder, gently rub
and/or pat the baby's back with your other hand until you hear the
burp.
*Method B: Sit the infant on your leg so his feet are dangling on your
side, put one of your hands on the infant's chest, and lean the baby so
your hand supports him, gently rub, and pat the baby's back with your
other hand until you hear the burp.
40. INFANT'S STOOL
*The bottle-fed infant will have stools that are yellowish or mustard-
colored, lumpy but soft.
-one to three bowel movements each day is normal for an infant who is
bottle-fed every
3-4hours.
-it is unusual for the stools of bottle-fed babies to look as if there are tiny
seeds in them.
*Breast-fed infants will have stools that are yellowish or mustard-
colored, but the color may change slightly and may appear to have a
greenish-tint, depending on the mother's diet.
-stools of infants who are breast-fed will be looser and smoother than
those of bottle-fed infants. A bowel movement after every feeding or only
once or twice a day is usual for an infant who is breast-fed every 3-
4hours.
*Diarrhea -stools may appear green and watery, running right out of the
diaper
-there may be a foul odor, and stool frequency will increase.
-caused by equipment not sterilized properly, by carelessly prepared or
spoiled formula, by allergies.
41. CHANGING DIAPERS
*Change the diapers often to decrease odor and irritation of the baby's
skin.
*Clean the baby's genital area each time you change the diaper. Apply
lotion or cream.
*Observe the baby's skin each time you change the diaper for color,
texture, and discharge.
42. CARE OF THE UMBILICAL CORD
*Within 5 to 10 days, the cord will become dry, turn black and eventually
fall off, forming the umbilicus.
*Keep the diaper folded down away from the cord, a wet diaper on top of
the cord could cause an infection.
*At every diaper change, wash the cord with alcohol on a cotton ball. The
alcohol will speed up the drying process and will keep the cord clean.
*Binders or belly bands are no advised.
*Wet umbilical cord stump or fetid odor indications of abnormality.
43. CIRCUMCISION
*The surgical removal of the loose piece of skin, the prepuce (foreskin)
*It may be done to increase the cleanliness of the penis.
44. GIVING THE INFANT A TUB BATH
*Wash the sink or tub with a disinfectant cleanser and rinse thoroughly.
*Line the sink or tub with a bath towel.
*Place a towel on the counter next to the sink or tub, as you may want to
lay the infant down to dry him.
*Fill the tub or sink with 1 to 2 inches of warm water (warm to touch the
elbow)
*Undress the infant, wrap him in a towel or blanket and bring him to the
tub or sink.
*Using a cotton ball moistened with warm water and squeezed out, gently
wipe the infant's eyes from the nose toward the ears. Use a clean cotton
ball for each eye.
*Dry the infant's head with a towel.
*Unwrap the infant, and gently place him on the towel in the sink or tub.
One of your hands should always be holding the baby.
*Wash the infant's boy with the soap and the washcloth, being careful to
wash between the folds of the skin.
*Rinse the infant thoroughly with warm water.
*Dry the infant well.
ELDERLY CARE

1. WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE IN GIVING BACK RUB TO A BED

RIDDEN CLIENT?
*To stimulate circulation, promote relaxation, prevent bedsores, promote
sense of well-being.
2. WHAT ARE THE BASIC CONSIDERATIONS IN ASSISTING YOUR
CLIENT WITH HIS PERSONAL NEEDS?
*Capability of the client.
*Promoting independence as much as possible.
*Maintaining privacy, dignity, and safety of the client.
3. HOW COULD YOU HELP YOUR CLIENT MAINTAIN HIS SELF-ESTEEM
AND SENSE OF INDEPENDENCE?
*Encourage him to do as many functions for himself as possible.
*Proper grooming.
*Allow to verbalize feelings and ideas.
4. WHAT IMPORTANT SAFETY PRECAUTIONS MUST BE DONE WHEN
TRANSFERRING A CLIENT FROM BED TO WHEELCHAIR?
*Lock the wheels of the wheelchair and bed.
*Apply proper body mechanics.
5. WHAT ARE PHYSICAL CHANGES RELATED TO AGING?
*Loss of skin elasticity, underlying fat becomes thin and more fragile.
*All bodily processes are slow.
*Hair turns gray and may change in texture.
*Senses becomes less accurate, needs aids like eyeglasses, hearing aid.
*Posture becomes more stooped.
*Less sensitive to temperature.
6. WHAT ARE THE BASIC CONSIDERATIONS IN THE CARE OF A CLIENT
WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE?
*Safety of the patient.
*Orient to reality (time, date, place, person, weather)
*Adequate nutrition.
*Monitor closely, do not restrain the client.
7. WHAT IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO CONTROL THE SPREAD OF
INFECTION?
*Proper handwashing.
*Use of protective gear like mask, gloves, eye shield, gowns.
8. WHAT ARE THE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO BE OBSERVED WHEN
CARING FOR CLIENT WITH DIMINISHED VISION?
*Adequate indoor lightning with area lights and nightlights.
*Do not disarrange the furniture if possible.
*Orient the client to his room.
*Use large print labels.
*Keep away objects/materials that create hazards and increase the risk
of falls.
9. HOW WOULD YOU PREVENT FALLS IN THE BATHROOM?
*Keep the bathroom floor dry at all times.
*Put a non-slippery mat.
*Use grab bars of the tub and toilet.
*Slippers/shoes should be properly fit.
10. HOW WOULD YOU KNOW THAT THE BOTTLE CONTENT IS
POISONOUS?
*Symbol of skull with cross long bones.
11. WHAT PROTECTIVE DEVICES CAN BE USED FOR INFECTION
CONTROL?
*Glove, gown, cap, mask, goggles.
12. WHAT ARE THE COMMON SIGNS OF HYPOGLYCEMIA (LOW BLOOD
SUGAR)?
*Irritability, tremors, double vision, nausea and vomiting, sweating,
drowsiness, pale skin, lightheadedness.
13. WHAT ARE THE TYPICAL SIGNS OF IMPENDING HEART
ATTACK/MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION? *Persistent chest pain, not
relieved by rest and client medication, shortness of breath, dizziness, low
blood pressure, pale color, wet and clammy skin.
14. WHAT WILL YOU DO IF YOU SUSPECT A PERSON TO BE HAVING A
HEART ATTACK? BP IS 150/100MMHG.
*Place the victim in semi sitting position, to ease the work of the heart
and breathing.
*Loose tight clothing at the neck, chest, waist.
*Reassure victim and give prescribed medication, if any.
*Seek medical assistance at once.
15. WHAT IS THE FRIST COMMON SIGN OF INFECTION?
*Fever.
16. HOW WOULD YOU RESPOND TO YOUR CANCER CLIENT'S
STATEMENT. "I WISH I WOULD DIE NOW.”
*Allow client to ventilate feelings.
*Be a good listener and make him/her comfortable.
17. HOW WOULD YOU REACT WHEN CRITICIZED BY YOUR COLLEAGES
AT THE WORKPLACE?
*Ignore them and do your job well.
*If it won’t stop, and already bothering you approach the person and ask
the reasons of why she/he is acting like that. You may report it to your
supervisor or superior.
18. WHAT IS THE RECOMMENDATION DIET FOR AN ELDERLY WITH
HEART DISEASE?
*Low salt, low fat, low calorie.
19. WHAT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION WHEN PREPARING
MEALS FOR YOUR DIABETIC CLIENT?
*The sugar content of the food or calorie requirement of the client.
*Moderation in the diet.
20. WHAT WILL YOU DO IF YOU FOUND THE BEDROOM WALLS PAINTED
WITH STOOLS BY YOUR CLIENT WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE?
*Stay calm, clean, and sanitize the walls.
21. WHAT IS BODY MECHANICS?
*Proper use of the human body to work and to avoid injury and strain.
*A-B-C in body mechanics (alignment, balance, coordinated body
movement.
22. WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF USING PROPER BODY MECHANICS?
*To prevent injury, avoid fatigue.
*Make the best use of strength.
23. WHAT IS THE CHAIN OF INFECTION?
*From the source, then reservoir to the portal of exit, then mode of
transmission to portal of entry, then to the susceptible host, then back to
the source.
24. DIFFERENTIATE STERILIZATION FROM DISINFECTION?
*DISINFECTION - the process of killing pathogenic organism using
strong chemicals.
*STERILIZATION-the process of killing pathogenic organism using heat.
25. WHAT IS MEDICAL ASEPSIS?
*Practices are used to remove or destroy pathogens and to prevent their
spread from one person to another or place to another.
*Also called as "clean technique."
26. HOW DO YOU CONTROL SEVERE BLEEDING?
*Place a direct pressure on the bleeding site with clean or sterile
dressing.
*Elevate the injured limb above the level of the heart to decrease the flow
of the blood.
*Apply pressure supplying artery.
*Seek medical assistance at once.
27. LOCATION OF THE BRACHIAL PULSE?
*Inner aspect of the arm/biceps 28.
28. WHAT IS BLOOD PRESURE?
*The pressure exerted by the circulating volume of blood on the walls of
the arteries and veins and on the chambers of the heart.
29. MEDICAL TERM FOR STROKE?
*Cerebrovascular accident.
30. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS FOR STROKE?
*Sudden left or right body paralysis, sudden weakness on either the left
or right side of the body *Sudden blurring of vision, distorted speech,
disorientation.
31. MANAGEMENT FOR HYPERTENSION (silent killer)?
*Ask the patient her/his activities.
*Place the victim in a sitting or semi fowlers position.
32. TRIAD OF SYMPTOMS/CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS FOR DIABETES
MELLITUS?
*Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia.
33. MANAGEMENT FOR HYPOGLYCEMIA?
*Give sodas, 10 hard candies or dilute 3 spoonsful of sugar in a glass of
water.
34. BREAK IN THE CONTINUITY OF BONES?
*Fracture.
35. MANAGEMENT FOR FRACTURE?
*Apply splint to immobilize the fracture and to prevent further damage.
*Application of cast: care of cast-should be kept dry.
36. REFERS TO ACTION OF WALKING?
*Ambulation.
37. ASSISTING IN AMBULATION
*Use the proper procedure for the client to come to a standing position.
*Use a guarding belt for extra support stand on the client’s weaker side
and a little behind him.
*One hand should be on the guarding belt, the other hand in front of the
collarbone on the weaker side.
38. USING ASSISTIVE WALKING DEVICES
*Canes, crutches, and walkers must always have rubber tips on the
ends.
*Tips should not be worn, wet or torn.
*Screws and bolts should be securely in place.
*Wooden and crutches should be smooth, without cracks.
*To go upstairs: advance the strongest leg to the next step. Bring the
cane or crutches and then the weaker leg to the step.
*To go downstairs: advance the cane or crutches to lower step, followed
by the weaker leg and then the strong one.
*The hand piece of each device should be level with the hip to allow a
slight bend at the elbow when client is standing.
39. CANES (single-tipped cane, tripod or quad-cane)
*A cane is usually used on the stronger side.
*Place the cane about 12 inches in front on his stronger side.
*Bring the weaker leg forward so that it is even with the cane.
*Bring the stronger leg forward, just ahead of the cane.
40. CRUTCHES
*Assist a client who cannot put complete weight on one or both legs.
*The client puts his body weight on his hands and arms, not on the top
of the crutch under his arms.
*Swing through -place crutches 8-12 inches in front of the body, swing
body past crutches.
*Swing to -place crutches 8-12inches in front of the body while bearing
weight on strong leg, swing body to crutches.
*Two-point gait -bring the foot and left crutch 8-12inches forward, bring
left foot and right crutch 8-12inches forward.
*Three-point gait -place crutches 8-12inches front of the body with
weaker leg, bring strong leg forward in front of crutches.
*Four-point gait -bring right crutch 8-12inces forward, bring left foot in
front of crutch, bring left crutch in front of left foot.
41. WALKER
*Helps a person who requires support because of greater imbalance or
weakness.
*If the walker is being moved, the client's feet should be stationary.
*If the walker is stationary, the client can move his feet.
*The walker should be picked up and moved, not slid along the ground.
42. HEARING AID CARE
*Remove the earmold gently from the body of the hearing aid.
*Wash the earmold gently with mild soap and water.
*Carefully remove any earwax with the pipe cleaner or toothpick.
* Dry thoroughly.
43. BODY TEMPERATURE
*Three types: glass, battery-operated electronic digital readout,
chemically treated paper. *Normal temp: 37°C or 98°F, range 36.5-
37.5°C.
*Route: rectal (1-3mins), oral (3-5mins), axillary (5-7mins)
44. MEASURING THE PULSE
*Adult: 60-80bpm, child 80-100bpm, infant 100-140bpm, newborn 140-
160bpm
*Pulse site: temporal, carotid, apical, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal,
pedal (dorsalis).
45. MEASURING RESPIRATIONS
*Respiration is the process of inhaling or exhaling.
*Adult: 12-20cpm, child: 20-30cpm, infant: 30-60cpm.
46. BLOOD PRESSURE
*Systolic: heart contraction, diastolic: heart relaxation.
*120/80mmHg.
47. INDWELLING CATHETER
*Used when a client is unable to urinate normally.
*Used to keep an incontinent (one who cannot control his urine or feces)
client dry.
48. ANGINA
*Is a brief, temporary pain, or heaviness in the chest.
*Usually after resting and medication the client no longer experiences
discomfort.
49. DIABETES MELITTUS
*When the body cannot change carbohydrates(sugar and starches) into
energy because of an imbalance of insulin.
50. ARTHRITIS
*Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid, gout.
*Inflammation and destruction of the joints.
51. BED MAKING.
*To prevent pressure sore.
*Three basic beds: closed bed- usually made when it will remain empty
for a while.
-open bed -used when it will be occupied within a short period of time.
-occupied bed -is made with the client in the bed.
52. BASIC KINDS OF CLEANING PRODUCTS
*Soaps and detergents, all-purpose cleaner, abrasives/bleach, specialty
cleaners.
53. USING COMMON CLEANING PRODUCTS
*Bathtub stains -white vinegar or paste of hydrogen peroxide and baking
powder.
*Tile cleaner -baking soda.
*Windows and painted surfaces-mix carefully 5 cups water, 1 teaspoon
detergent, 1 pint rubbing alcohol, ½ cup sudsy ammonia.
*Mattress stain solution-%½ cup water, ½ cup white vinegar.
54. DUSTING
*Dampen the rag with a light spray of water or a commercial spray, dust
from top to bottom.
55. WASHING DISHES
*Scrape the food off the dish, wash the least dirty first (glasses,
silverware, plates, cups and saucers) most dirty last (pots, and roasting
pans).
*Wash dishes in hot, soapy water and rinse in clear water.
*Drain dishes Dry dishes with a clean cloth.
56. CLEANING BATHROOMS
*Keep the floors dry.
*Cleaning the shower walls and bathtubs.
*Sinks.
*Toilet bowl.
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS
1. Why do you encourage the client to urinate prior to bed bathing ?
*Because coldness of the water may psychologically precipitate the
patient.
*To urinate thus wetting the bed adds burden to the caregiver.
2. How will you undress and dress a client with right-sided paralysis?
*Work on the affected part when dressing, and on the unaffected part
when undressing.
3. How would you determine the maximum inflation point when taking BP?
*When pulse cannot be palpated or heard(stop sound + 30).
4. What is the purpose of rubber draw sheet in perineal care?
*To prevent the bed from getting wet or soiled.
5. What is the importance of indwelling catheter care?
*To prevent infection from getting into the urinary system.
6. How often would you change the position of a bedridden patient?
*Every two hours.
7. Why is there a need to apply the principles of body mechanics when
transferring and mobilizing disabled client?
*To prevent discomfort and injury of the patient and the caregiver.
8. What are the considerations in preparing meals for the elderly clients?
*Present illness, easy to digest foods, ability to chew.
9. What are the CABs of CPR?
*Circulation, airway, breathing.
10. What are the indications that you must stop CPR
*Breathing and pulse are present, transport equipment arrives, physician
takes responsibility, area is unsafe, first aider is exhausted.
11. What is the importance of a back rub to a bed-ridden client?
*To improve circulation, promote relaxation.
12. What are the basic considerations in assisting your client with his
personal needs?
*Provide privacy and safety.
13. How could you help your client maintain his self-esteem and sense
of independence?
*Assist only, when necessary, don't let them feel useless.
14. What important safety precautions must be taken when
transferring client from bed to a chair?
*Practice body mechanics, lock the wheels of wheelchair and bed, see to
it that wheelchair is functioning.
15. What are some physical changes related to aging?
*Gray hair wrinkled and fragile skin, few teeth, limited movement.
16. What is the basic rule in the care of clients with Alzheimer’s
disease?
*Always remind the patient.
17. What is the most effective way to control the spread of infection?
*Hand washing, wearing of Personal Protective Equipment
18. What are the safety precautions to be observed when caring for a
client with diminished vision?
*Always provide proper illumination wherever the client goes, do not
disarrange furniture, remove obstacles along his/her way.
19. How would you prevent falling/slipping in the bathroom?
*Provide non-skid mat, use of side rails.
20. How would you know if the bottle content is poisonous?
*Symbol of X and skull on the bottle.
21. What protective devices can be used for infection control?
*Gown, mask, eye protector, gloves, bonnet PPE (Personal Protective
Equipment)
22. What are the common signs that the diabetic client has low blood
sugar?
*Dizziness, sweating, hunger pangs, cold clammy skin.
23. What is the typical sign of an impending heart attack? (Crushing
and pain)
* Chest pain that cannot be alleviated with drugs.
24. What is the first common sign of an infection?
*Fever.
25. What will you do if your client has blood pressure of 150/100
mmHg?
*Remind client to take his meds, take BP after 30 minutes from taking
meds, if BP is the same, go to the nearest hospital.
26. How would you respond to your client's statement, "I wish I would
die now?
*Apply open-ended communication and let the patient talk more about it.
(Ask questions)
27. How would you react when criticized by your colleagues at the
workplace?
*Talk to the colleague. If a conflict cannot be resolved, go to your
supervisor to settle the matter.
28. What is the recommended diet for an elderly person with heart
disease?
*Low fat, low salt, high fiber.
29. What is the most important consideration when preparing meals
for your diabetic client?
*Do not serve food with plenty of sugar, low calorie diet.
30. What would you do if you found out that a client is afflicted with
Alzheimer’s Disease?
*Report the matter to the doctor, be calmer and gentler, always remind
the client.
31. What are the proper steps in cleaning ceilings, walls, and floor?
*Start at the ceilings, the walls, then side floor to the center.
32. What are the commonly used home disinfecting agent solutions?
*Soap and water, zonrox, chlorine and toilet bowl cleaner.
33. Why is feather duster not a recommended tool for dusting?
*It will make dust scatter (use damp cloth instead)
34. Why do we need damp cloth to dust furniture and fixture?
*To capture the dust.
35. What is the proper sequence in cleaning toilet bowl?
*Soak the bowl with cleansing solution for 5 minutes, clean the sides,
then brush the bowl, then rinse.
36. What is the importance of garbage segregation?
*To minimize rodents that may bring bacteria to cause a disease.
37. What is the difference between making up an open bed, close bed,
or occupied bed?
*Open bed is ready for client, close bed has no patient, occupied bed has
patient.
38. Why is there a need to sort clothes, linen, and fabric before
washing?
*To prevent discoloration.
39. What are the types of electric flat iron?
*Steam and dry.
40. What is the importance of body mechanics in the performance of
the task?
*Prevent injury and promote ease in work.
41. What is the first thing to do before vacuuming a carpet?
*Use carpet roller to pick up small objects., Pick small object that may
clog the vacuum.
42. How would you test if walls are washable?
*Test with cloth wet with water. If water absorbs, then walls are not
washable.
43. How would you control household pests like mosquitoes,
cockroaches and flies?
*Clean the house regularly.
44. What are basic stitches used to mend torn seams?
*Running, darning, backstitch (like a blanket stitch)
45. How would you remove catsup or tomato sauce stains on fabrics ?
*Soak in water first before laundry.
46. What should you do to have smooth and easy ironing?
*Use fabric conditioner.
47. What are the advantages of using fabric conditioners?
*For smooth and easy ironing, saves time and effort.
48. What is the basic step in the maintenance of a machine dryer?
*Check the filter.
49. What is the importance of hand washing techniques?
*To prevent infection.
50. Where is the best place for bathing an infant?
*On a flat surface near the sink.
51. Why shouldn't you leave the infant/toddler alone while bathing?
*To prevent drowning and injury.
52. How do you prevent diaper rash?
*Keep the baby dry always, change diaper as needed to prevent UTI.
53. Why is it important to dispose of soiled clothes and diapers
properly?
*To prevent the spread of infection.
54. How long do you sterilize the feeding bottles and nipples?
*Bottles 15-minute, nipple 5-minutes.
55. When do you start counting the time for the sterilization process?
*Start counting when the water is boiling.
56. What are the different types of milk formula?
*Powdered and liquid form.
57. What will you do with the left-over milk?
*Dispose it properly.
58. When do you burp an infant?
*Every after feeding.
59. What are ways to prevent colic?
*Keep the baby warm, don't give pacifier, shake the bottle without
causing air to be stored.
60. How would you know if an infant or toddler is choking?
*The baby turns blue and cannot make a sound.
61. What will you do if infant doesn't respond to your first aid
procedure?
*Call 911, shout for help.
62. Where do you use a tympanic thermometer?
*In the ear (eardrum).
63. What will you do if the child's heartbeat is more than 120 beats
per minute while at rest?
*Call 911 or go to the nearest hospital.
64. What are the basic food groups needed by growing children?
*Grow, glow, and go.
65. What precautions must you take while serving hot soup or dishes?

*Cool the food first before serving, serve with a tray.

66. How would you control a bleeding wound?
*Apply direct pressure over the wound.
67. When do you use a splint?
*During fracture and when limbs are not to be moved.
68. What are some reasons why infant cries?
*Wet, hungry, uncomfortable.
69. What will you do if a child has temper tantrums?
*Provide safety to the patient, stay calm, don't entertain the tantrums.
70. What safety precautions should you observe if a toddler is in the
crib?
*Avoid too many toys and pillows.
71. Why should toddlers be allowed to walk and explore their
surroundings?
*To enhance sensory and motor development to explore and develop
motor development or skills.
72. How would you enhance toddler's physical growth and
development?
*Let them play and explore.
73. What safety precautions are you going to take when infant starts
crawling?
*Electric plugs should be covered, small objects should not scatter on the
floor, clean the floor all the time.
74. What will you do if the toddler has convulsions due to fever?
*Give medicine to lower down fever, do sponge bath, prevent further
injury If fever is still high, bring the child to the nearest hospital.
75. How would you know if the child is ready to be toilet trained?
*When he executes bladder and bowel control.
76. What will you do if the child meets a bathroom/comfort room
accident?
*Clean the child, do not nag. See to it that the same accident will not
happen again.
77. What are the things to consider in dressing up the child?
*Weather, culture, preference.
78. What precautions would you take to avoid accidents while child is
playing?
*Always keep an eye to the child, remove obstacles that may harm the
child.
79. What actions should you avoid while feeding a preschooler?
*Do not give compromise or reward. (How to properly introduce the food,
put some colors or shapes on their food.
80. What are the precautions when preparing meal for asthmatic
child?
*Do not give allergic food that may trigger asthma. Like eggs, seafood etc.
81. What will you do if the child swallowed foods with chemical
agents?
*Report the situation to the parents, call PCC, save the container of the
chemical agent.
82. What will you do if the child has burns?
*For 1st and 2nd degree burn -immerse the part to a cold water, apply
burn ointment and report the situation to parents. For 3 rd degree burn -
rush the patient to the nearest hospital right away. And call 911 right
away.
83. What will you do in case of fire at home?
*Evacuate from the area, call fire department. Cover your Patient and
yourself with wet blanket and crawl towards the quit area.
84. What are the activities that enhance intellectual and creative needs
of the child?
*Playhouse, make-believe play, drawing, painting, reading.
85. How would you develop bonding with a child?
*Always attend to child's need, play with the child.
86. How would you boost a child's self-esteem?
*Praise him for a job well done. Hug, kiss, clap for them.
87. What is the best outdoor activity for an 8–10-year-old child?
*Biking, basketball, swimming etc.
88. What indoor activities enhance gross motor skills development?
*Dancing, gymnastics, etc.
89. What are some of the hygiene practices that you should instill in
children?
*Brushing of teeth, bathing, nail cutting, grooming.

CPR
1. BSI (Body Substance Isolation) is the scene safe?
2. I am I am a caregiver can I help?
3. Hey, hey, hey, Sir, are you ok? 3x
4. Check the carotid and put your face close to the nose within 10 seconds
(you can count)
5. Ask for bystanders to call Ambulance with AED location is CHP Mandaue
Infront of JB Rock store.
6. Start CPR 5 cycles, 30 compressions and give 2 blows.
7. For recovery position, IIsa ang kamot duol nimo e cross ang usa ka
kamot sa iya dughan then I move paingun nimo.
8. Why are we using that recovery position? To patent the airway para
makaginhawa tarung or makasuka if needed.
Note: For Child 15 compressions give 2 blows pero ONE HAND ang
gamiton 5 cycles japon
(call ambulance with AED gehapon ni)
For infant 12 months (1 year old) 15 chest thrust then 2 blows isulod
ang mouth ug ilong sa imong baba 5 cycles japon pero dili na mutawag ug EMS
(Emergency Medical Service kay pwede naman idagan nimo sa hospital ang bata.)
Bottle Sterilization
1. Prepare the materials (mention all the materials)
2. Wash my hands.
3. Butangan ug tubig ang sterilizing pot huwaton ug mobukal ang tubig.
4. Waswasan ang materials sulod sa planggana nga nay clean water
ibutang sa planggana nga nay soapy water.
5. Brasan ang feeding bottles ug nipples ug uban pang part sa takub.
6. Ibutang sa planggana nga nay clean water waswasan ang tanang
materials.
7. Gamit ang tong. ibutang ang feeding bottle upside down ang porma
sulod sa nagbukal ng tubig, mao sad ang ubang materials.
8. After 5 to 10 mins...kuhaon ang nipples arn dili molanay gamit ang tong
ibutang sa sterile rack.
9. Assume: human na ang 15-20 mins. isunod ug kuha ang feeding bottles
ug uban pang materials ibutang sa sterile rack.

Formula Preparation:
1. Prepare the materials (mention tanang materials sa atubangan nimo)
2. Wash my hands.
3. Pour water into the measuring cup.
4. Loose scoop milk gamit ang spatula using 1 is to 2 ratios (1 is for 100ml
water and 2 is for 2 scoops of milk)
5. Kutawon ang milk gamit ang teaspoon.
6. Ibalhin ang kinutaw nga milk sa feeding bottle gamit ang funnel.
7. E shake ang milk gamit ang 8 method figure motion para malikayan ang
bubbles that can cause colic spasm.

Infant Feeding
1. Prepare the materials then lingcod sa chair with the baby ( butangi ug
towellete imong shoulder)
2. How do u know that the baby is ready for feeding?
*I will touch the side lips of the baby using the nipple or using picky
finger. I will touch the rooting reflex which is the face. Mo open na dayon
ang mouth sa baby ana.
*E insert ang nipple sa baby's mouth.
3. How do you know that the baby is full?
*If magdul-ay ang bata.
4. Can u perform the 3-burping method?
*Cuddling/Sitting/Prone.
5. How do you know that the baby is choking?
*If he cries without sounds or turns blue in color.

Infant Bathing
1. Prepare the materials (mention tanan naa sa atubangan nimo)
2. Wash my hands.
3. Check room temperature (isira ang bintana, door or aircon)
4. Check baby’s temperature (gamita ang thermometer)
5. Check water temperature(gamiti ug elbow)
6. Hubuan ang baby except sa diaper kay unahon mn ug clean ang upper
part.
7. Hold the baby using (FOOTBALL GRIP POSITION) fold the earlobes aron
d masudlan ug tubig ang dunggan.
8. Kuha ug cotton bas-on ug clean tubig then clean the eyes first (from
inner to outer cantus sa babaw ug sa ubos sa mata) Gamit ang towellete
3 figure motion from forehead to chick to chin then li-og. sa kilid napod
from forehead to chick to chin then li-og.
9. Shampohan ang bata..rinse it properly then ibalik sa table ang bata.
10. Tanggalon ang diaper, clean ang lubot sa baby from gikan sa
gawas pasulod ang systema.
11. Dalhon napod ang bata sa bathtub (football; grip position japon)
Wash the body of the baby napod using hypoallergenic soap..then dalhon
balik sa table e pat dry..

ORAL QUESTIONING
1. Enumerate steps in complete bed bathing for adults.
2. Draw the steps how to clean the female perineal care.
3. Give 4 factors of stroke.
4. Give 4 examples of Alzheimer's disease patient management.
5. Give 4 examples of Diabetes patient management.
6. Give 4 examples of Asthma patient management.
7. When to S-T-O-P CPR?
8. Difference between open bed & occupied bed.
9. Steps on how to clean a toilet.
10. Difference between colorfast and non-colorfast.

Demo:
1. Vital Signs.
2. Bandaging & Splinting (how to make square knot and 1- pull release to
untie the not).
3. Baby bathing (only tub bath), but to be sure just review the whole
process. Study the 2 types of positions on how to carry the baby while
giving a bath or feeding (cradle & football).
4. Bottle washing and Sterilization.
5. Baby feeding, review about different types of reflexes.
6. Burping positions.
*There are 3 types: over your shoulder, sitting on the lap & prone
position perpendicularly on the lap.
7. Mobilization
-Transfers (chair-wheelchair-bed and vice versa).
-types of gaits
-parts of the wheelchair.
-uses of canes, rationale on who uses quad cane, single cane & walker
and why?
-types of quad cane (left & right canes)
-CPR, assessor will give the scenario. We applied the basic CPR in 1
cycle, just wait for the assessor if she will instruct the covid version or
the chest compression only.
*CARE FOR CHILD WITH ASTHMA*
 Have a plan system w/ doctor. Emergency contact information and what
to do when symptoms occur.
 Identify and avoid trigger factors/ causative agent.
 Take prescribed short-acting and long-acting medications immediately.

*RISK FACTORS OF STROKES*

 Cigarette Smoking
 High Blood Pressure
 Sedentary Lifestyle
 Obesity
 Family History, Gender, Rase

*CARE FOR ALZHEIMER*

 Establishing Environment, Establish definite routes.
 Keep an automated Calendar and Watch that’s accessible for the Patient.
 Label belongings, rooms, and personal articles to avoid confusion.
 Hygiene and Dressing

*CARE FOR DIABETIC*

 Stop smoking.
 Monitoring Blood sugar Daily.
 Keep blood pressure and total cholesterol under control by eating a
healthy salt, fat diet.
 Stop consuming alcohol.
 Regular intake of medications.
 Pay attention and take care of your feet.
 Have regular exercise.
 Schedule physical and eye checkup.
 COLOR FAST- Color and dyes do not bleed or run from the clothing.
 NON-COLOR FAST colors & dyes do bleed or run from the clothing.

*UNIVERSAL COLOR CODES IN HEALTHCARE WASTE

MANAGEMENT*
 Yellow -infections waste/ pathological wastes and sharps (BIOHAZARD)
 Red -pharmaceutical waste, genotoxic waste, and chemical waste
(POISON)
 Yellow -Radioactive waste (RADIOACTIVE)

*COLOR CODING FOR BIOMEDICAL WASTE*

 Yellow -pathological waste, soiled (infectious) waste.
 Red -contaminated waste (recyclable)
 White -sharp (translucent) waste
 Blue -medical glass ware
*RESCUE BREATHING*
ADULT

 Slow full breath every 5 seconds

 10 to 12 times per minute
 Check for breathing & circulation after the 10 to 12 cycles.

CHILDREN

 1 slow breath every 3 seconds 15 to 20 time per minute

CPR (no pulse, no breathing)

 30 chest compressions, 2 ventilations, 5 cycles/ 2minutes

WHEN TO STOP CPR?

S- spontaneous breathing & pure are restored
T- tum over to medical professionals or properly trained authorities
O- operator is exhausted
P- physician assumes responsibility
S - scene becomes unsafe
S-signed waiver to stop CPR
Automated External Defibrillator is available.

Recovery Position - to facilitate drainage of secretions this promotes SITTING,

Lying on your back, stomach, or side.

*STEPS IN CLEANING TOILETS*

Things to Prepare:

 Toilet cleaner
 Multi surface cleaner
 Brush
 Squeegee
 Rags/cloths, Hand Gloves /Rubber Gloves
 Garbage Bag
 Glass cleaner
 Sponge

Steps:

1. Gather the things needed in a container / trolley.

2. Turn on the lights inside the toilet and place your things nearest to you.
3. Wear protective gloves for safety.
4. Remove floor mat & trash.
5. Apply the cleaning solution into the toilet bowl and cover the toilet for a
while.
6. Using the multi surface cleaner, spray/apply on the body of the toilet
bowl.
7. Using the glass cleaner, spray and clean the mirror inside, clean using
squeegee.
8. Using multi surface cleaner, spray in on the sink and use cloth to
disperse and clean.
9. “ “
10. Using the toilet cleaner, spray it & wipe the cover of the bowl and
the toilet seat.
11. For the final touch , use another dry cloth to wipe off the bowl.
12. Using a toilet bowl brush, scrub the inside of the bowl thoroughly.
Flush it 2 times to remove cleaning solution and odor.
13. To clean the bathroom walls and floor, use soap water and brush
off the dirt of the walls. Rinse w/ clean water.
14. Mop the floor dry.
15. Wait for the room to dry up, then put basic amenities.
16. Replace w/ new floormat and garbage bag.
17. Switch off the lights.

PERINIAL CARE OF A WOMAN:

(Top and Bottom)

1. Inguinal Are (2sides)

2. Labia Majora
3. Labia Minora

CRUTCHES
WHEELCHAIR

CANE