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MODULE 2
Art Appreciation and the Human Faculties
Lesson 2.1. Art and the Human Essence
Lesson 2.2. The Process of Art Appreciation
Lesson 2.3. Art and the Perception of Reality
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Chapter Overview
It takes an artist to make art. One may perceive beauty on a daily basis.
However, not every beautiful thing that can be seen or experienced may
truly be called a work of art. Art is a product of man’s creativity,
imagination, and expression.
Not everyone can be considered an artist, but all are spectators of art.
We are able to distinguish what is fine and beautiful from what is not and
what is good quality and from poor. This gives us a role in the field of art
appreciation.
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Lesson 2.1. Art and the Human Essence
1. Relate the Study of Art to the Fields of Philosophy and Psychology.
REFERENCES
Readings
Orate, Allan (2000). “Art and Perception of the World,” in UE Today, Vol. 12, No. 2., pp. 7-8 & 14.
Gombrich, Ernest (1960). “Pygmalion’s Power,” excerpt from Art and Illusion: A Study on the Psychology of
Pictorial Representation, pp. 80-83.
Malek, A. 2018). What is the Most Fundamental Essence of Humanity?
https://www.researchgate.net/post/What-is-the-Most-Fundamental-Essence-of-Humanity
Videos
Dust in the Wind. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tdCtgvslYdI
Magkaugnay. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rE0hE17K4Hs
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An Anonymous quote says: “There is a lot of difference between Human being and
Being human”. How do you view this pictures? Explain..
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The basic question in studying Humanities is “Who Am I?” And the basic answer to that
question is I am a Human Being.
What is then a Human being?
• Human being is a composite of body and soul.
• It has three Human Faculties: The Mind, The Will and The Senses.
a. On the Level of the Mind: Man is capable of reasoning and thinking.
b. On the level of the Will: Man has emotions and feelings.
c. On the level of the Senses: He is capable of Perception and Sensing.
Art is analyzed based on the three human faculties.
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THE BASIC QUESTION IN THE HUMANITIES
KEY
CONCEPTS
What is a human
Being?
“I am a human
Who am I? “Humanities”
being.”
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THE
HUMAN
ESSENCE
???
“The essence of humanity is to strive towards
the freedom of the will based on real knowledge of
the world and of itself– a subjectivity and the
dialectical unity of the opposites of the objectivity of
blind Nature (and as a part of Nature itself); in this
infinite, eternal and ever-changing universe. This
essence is an acquired ability that allows man to
effectively change the conditions of his physical,
mental and social existence based on the positive
knowledge of the world and of himself (as a social
being); in such a way as to progressively reduce the
contradiction between subjective man and objective
Leonardo, Vitruvian Man, 1490 Nature, between humanity and the world, but never
completely eliminating it.’
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DR. ALLAN C. ORATE, UE
Art is based on how we perceive reality…
THREE HUMAN FACULTIES
MIND REASON THINKING
WILL EMOTION FEELING
SENSES PERCEPTION SENSING
Eyes Sensation Seeing
Ears Hearing
Nose Smelling
Tongue Tasting
Skin Touching
Imagination Imagining
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DR. ALLAN C. ORATE, UE
ANALYSIS OF ART BASED ON THE
THREE HUMAN FACULTIES
LEVEL OF THE SENSES
1. PERCEPTUAL ELEMENTS
Sense-Data: Lines, Color, Shapes, etc.
2. REPRESENTATIONS
Things, People, Objects, Events
LEVEL OF THE WILL
3. EMOTIONAL SUGGESTIONS
Happy, Sad, Afraid etc.
LEVEL OF THE MIND
4. INTELLECTUAL MEANING
Ideas, Concepts, Symbolism 10
DR. ALLAN C. ORATE, UE
Mondrian,
Composition with
Red, Yellow and
Blue, 1924
VISUAL ELEMENTS
COLORS: Red, Yellow,
Blue, White, Black
SHAPES: Rectangles,
Square
LINES: Straight,
Horizontal and Vertical
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DR. ALLAN C. ORATE, UE
Amorsolo
Winnowing VISUAL ELEMENTS
Rice, 1957 COLOR
SHAPES
LINES
REPRESENTATIONS
PEOPLE:
Woman
Farmers
ANIMALS:
Chicken
Carabao
THINGS:
Trees
Nipa Hut
Sky
Clouds
Mountain
EVENTS
Winnowing
Planting
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DR. ALLAN C. Cooking
ORATE, UE
Munch
The Scream
1893
VISUAL ELEMENTS
COLORS, SHAPES, LINES
REPRESENTATIONS
PEOPLE, THINGS, EVENTS
EMOTIONAL SUGGESTION
FEAR OR TERROR: Shown by the
facial expression of the woman,
and by the curving lines of red,
yellow, orange of the sky
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DR.
DR. ALLAN
ALLAN C.
C. ORATE,
ORATE, UE
UE
Stynweck,
The Vanities
of Human
Life 1645
VISUAL ELEMENTS
COLORS, etc.
REPRESENTATIONS
THINGS, etc.
EMOTIONS SUGGESTIONS
SADNESS
INTELLECTUAL MEANINGS
CONCEPTS, IDEAS, SYMBOLS
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INTELLECTUAL MEANING: Ideas, Concepts and Symbols in Art
From the Book
of Ecclesiastes
in the Bible
MEMENTO MORI
Reflecting about
Death
Stynweck
The Vanities
of Human Life
1645
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LIGHT Optimism SHELL Wealth SKULL Death DARK Pessimism
Hope, God
MUSICAL CLOCK Time
INSTRUMENTS
Beauty LAMP End of Life
HELMET Power SAMURAI Suicide
JAR Celebration
BOOK Knowledge
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DUST IN THE WIND
Composed by Kerry Livgren
Sung by The Kansas, 1977
I close my eyes, only for a moment and the moment's gone.
The meaning of All my dreams pass before my eyes, a curiosity.
the lyrics is based Dust in the wind, all they are is dust in the wind.
on the verse from
the Bible, Genesis Same old song, just a drop of water in an endless sea.
3:19: “You are All we do crumbles to the ground though we refuse to see.
from dust, and Dust in the wind ,all we are is dust in the wind.
into dust you
shall return.”
Now, don't hang on, nothing lasts forever but the earth and sky.
It slips away, and all your money won't another minute buy.
Dust in the wind, all we are is dust in the wind.
https://www.yo
Dust in the wind, everything is dust in the wind.
utube.com/wat
ch?v=tdCtgvsl
YdI
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Looking at the image (black dot) what insights or realizations can you discover? Give at least two (2).
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Lesson 2.2. The Process of Art Appreciation
1. Identify the Human Faculties as Basis for the Appreciation of Art.
REFERENCES
Readings
Gombrich, E. (1960). Pygmalion’s Power. Excerpt from Art and illusion: A Study on the Psychology of
Pictorial Representation.
De Botton, A. (2015). What is art for? Alain de Botton’s Animated Guide. Art and
Design. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZVlQOyt FCRI
Word Press Site. (August 2018). All Around Art: Providing Art for the 5 Senses.
https://accentartandframe.com/blog/index.php/all-around-art-providing-art-for-the-5-senses
Popova, M. (2013). Art as Therapy: Alain de Botton on the 7 Psychological Functions of Art.
https://www.brainpickings.org/2013/10/25/art-as-therapy-alain-de-botton-john-armstrong/
Videos
Lee, J. (2013). Design for All 5 Senses. https://www.ted.com/talks/jinsop_lee_design_for_all_5_senses#t-270024
The School of Life. (2014). What is Art for? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sn0bDD4gXrE
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1 2
Ultimate Experience
Chart (example)
10
5
3 4
0
Sight Touch Smell Sound Taste
Picture 1 Picture 2
Picture 3 Picture 4
Design for all 5 Senses
https://www.ted.
com/talks/jinsop
_lee_design_for
_all_5_senses#t
-270024
By using the scale (rate from 1-10) , which among the pictures gives you the most satisfying
experience. 21
Traditionally speaking, art is meant for the pleasure of the eyes. However, as the world innovated, how we
look at arts, the doors to how it actually benefits all the five senses, as well as our brain has been discovered
and manifested in many ways.
Did you know that one of the latest advances of art in the present is its ability to be experienced through
all five basic senses? While in most of museums, visitors can only experience the artworks by viewing them,
some have been updating their art game by making sure that their exhibits have neutral smells and sounds,
factors that can alter the experience significantly and enable the visitors to focus and appreciate the artworks
fully. All of the senses—sight, sound, touch, smell, and hearing—are a part of the museum experience.
Did you know that art has a lot more scientifically-proven benefits on your brain? In fact, there is a deeper
reason why artworks are displayed and hanged in almost every place integral to your life—your homes, your
workplace, vacant spaces, and hospitals.
More than making you feel happy, relaxed, thinking, or calm, differently themed artworks can do wonders
for your mental health and overall disposition and well-being. If you think art is used in spaces as just fillers
and decorations, you might be surprised that it’s a lot more than that. In fact, many studies have proven the
correlation between the impacts of artworks and their effects on productivity, relaxation, de-stressing, and even
healing from health issues. What more if you can experience art through all your five senses? 22
KEY
CONCEPTS
ART APPRECIATION
APPRECIATION
PERSON as WORK OF ART
spectator/viewer as object
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ART APPRECIATION
Positive Wow!
perceptual Sense-Data and Representation
emotional Feelings
intellectual Meanings
response to Communication and Reaction
the beauty Value that delights
of artworks Painting, Sculpture, Music
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What is Art for?
https://www.y
outube.com/
watch?v=sn0
bDD4gXrE
Art as Therapy: The 7 Psychological Functions of Art
“Like other tools, art has the power to extend our capacities beyond those that nature has originally endowed us with. Art
compensates us for certain inborn weaknesses, in this case of the mind rather than the body, weaknesses that we can refer to as
psychological frailties.”
De Botton and Armstrong go on to outline the seven core psychological functions of art:
1. Remembering - Art is a way of preserving experiences, of which there are many transient and beautiful examples,
and that we need help containing.
2. Hope - Cheerfulness is an achievement, and hope is something to celebrate. If optimism is important, it’s because
many outcomes are determined by how much of it we bring to the task.
3. Sorrow - Art can offer a grand and serious vantage point from which to survey the travails of our condition.
4. Rebalancing - Art can save us time — and save our lives — through opportune and visceral reminders of balance and
goodness that we should never presume we know enough about already.
5. Self-understanding - Despite our best efforts at self-awareness, we’re all too often partial or complete mysteries to
ourselves. Art can help shed light on those least explored nooks of our psyche and make palpable the hunches of
intuition we can only sense but not articulate.
6. Growth - Besides inviting deeper knowledge of our own selves, art also allows us to expand the boundaries of who
we are by helping us overcome our chronic fear of the unfamiliar and living more richly by inviting the unknown.
7. Appreciation - One of our major flaws, and causes of unhappiness, is that we find it hard to take note of what is
always around us. We suffer because we lose sight of the value of what is before us and yearn, often unfairly, for the
imagined attraction elsewhere. 25
Wow! Or Yak?
Question
1. Which art do you appreciate or
captivates you most?
2. Does your opinion about the artwork
change the longer you look at it?
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Lesson 2.3. Art and the Perception of Reality
1. Evaluate the Merit or Demerit of Works of Art Based on the Concept of Art as
Reality.
2. Apply the Concept of Art as Reality to the Renaissance Style of art, cubism, de
stilj, and ready-made art.
REFERENCES
Readings
Orate, A. (2000). Art and Perception of the World. UE Today, Vol. 12, No. 2., pp. 7-8 & 14
Anapur, E. (December 2016). How Perception in Art Changes our Views.
https://www.widewalls.ch/magazine/perception-in-art
Videos
What is the Treachery of Images?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atHQpANmHCE&t=1s
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According to Picasso,
“We all know art is not truth. Art is a lie that makes us realize truth, at least the truth that is
given us to understand. The artist must know the manner whereby to convince others of the
truthfulness of his lies.”
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Perception in art stands for a complex relation between visual stimuli and a personal understanding of
them. It is a theoretical postulate that aims to clarify the relation between artworks and individual opinions
and evaluations. Far from being a universally established matrix of understanding art, perception is
conditioned by a context from which observation and evaluation are made.
Instead of general models of understanding, it is conditioned by numerous factors, including political,
social, cultural, gender and racial. It affects how we see art and what meanings we attribute to it, but is also
an active factor in artistic creation. It would be hard to make assertions about the meaning of art without the
previously established notions of value that come from multifaceted perceptual conditionings. The views of
both an artist and an observer contribute to the understanding of art, and the first is not distinguished in its
importance from the second.
As seen from numerous historical examples perception affects the meaning we attribute to art, and often
such understandings change over the course of time. Some universal postulates may persist, but most of them
are dependent on the particular social mores of a given time. Perception and our opinions are closely linked.
Turning to art, we can see that throughout history evaluation of artistic styles changed over the course of
time, which contributes to the above assertion of a connectedness between our opinions and perception of
art.
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talent
KEY
CONCEPTS
skill
passion
emotion
?
idea
truth Art is
Art is… reality reality.
goodness
beauty
form
expression
representation
power 30
What is this? Who is this?
Does this Does this
art look real? art look real?
Leonardo
Picasso,
The Mona Lisa
The Weeping
1501
Woman,
1924
STYLE
STYLE
Renaissance Art 31
Cubism
Which art looks more real?
You see only You see
the front many views
view of the of the
woman. woman.
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Which art looks most real?
Does this
art look real?
Mondrian,
Composition
with Red,
Yellow and Blue,
1924
STYLE
De Stijl
Or Plastic Art
New Plastic Art
Neoplasticism
Concretism
You see red, yellow
and blue.
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Which art looks most real?
Does this art look real?
Malevich,
White on
White,
1917
STYLE
Suprematism
You see white
on white.
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Does this art look real?
Duchamp,
Fajardo, The Fountain (Urinal), 1917
From Rags
to Riches
1984
STYLE
Ready
Made
Art
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Which art looks most real of all?
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Art seen as
representational image
Art seen as abstract image but
still representational
ART AND
Art seen as form composed of
REALITY shapes, colors etc.
Art seen as
pure form
Art seen as the
object itself 37
What is this? Who is this?
Matisse, Cover of Time Magazine,
Portrait of Mrs. Matisse Van Gogh, Chair with a Pipe June 24, 2002.
This is not a blue woman! This This is not a chair. This is a This is not
is a blue painting! painting! Tom Cruise. This is a picture!
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Picasso, Marie Therese Picasso, Dora Maar Picasso, Jacqueline with
Walter 1937 with Cat, 1941 Crossed Hands 1941
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Burnt-Jones
Pygmalion 1878
“A moment of complete happiness
never occurs in the creation of a work
of art. The promise of it is felt in the act
of creation, but disappears towards the
completion of the work. For it is then
that the painter realizes that it is only a
picture he is painting. Until then he has
almost dared to hope that the painting
might spring into life.” Lucian Freud,
from Gombrich (1960), Art and Illusion,
p. 80. 40
Rene Magritte
The Treachery
of Images
Video 2.2
THIS IS NOT A PIPE https://www.yout
ube.com/watch?
v=atHQpANmH
CE&t=1s
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Instructions: The answer to each question should have at least a minimum of 50 words.
Analysis
1. Which art do you appreciate or captivates you most? (Module 2.2)
Assessment
1. Looking at the image (black dot) what insights or realizations can you
discover? Give at least two (2). (Module 2.1)
Reflection
1. Did you enjoy the activity? Why?
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RUBRICS FOR GRADING
EXCELLENT ABOVE AVERAGE AVERAGE BELOW AVERAGE POOR
(10 PTS) (8 PTS) (6 PTS) (4 PTS) (2 PT)
CRITERIA
Uniqueness of idea Uniqueness of idea Uniqueness of idea Minimal detail Absolute minimal
ANALYSIS: is thorough, is informative and is present, but some provided, needs effort.
Creativity and informative, and well thought. details improvement.
uniqueness demonstrates missing/incorrect.
significant effort.
Message is Message is Message is present, Minimal detail Absolute minimal
ASSESSMENT: thorough, informative and but some details provided, needs effort.
Clarity: Message is informative, and well thought. missing/incorrect. improvement.
clearly addressed demonstrates
significant effort.
The relevance is The relevance is The relevance is Minimal detail Absolute minimal
REFLECTIONS: thorough, informative and present, but some provided, needs effort.
Impact: The idea is informative, and well thought. details improvement.
relevant to present demonstrates missing/incorrect.
situation significant effort. 43
Module 2
a. Group Activity: Make an artwork out of the given materials, according to the
instructions.
b. Analyze the visual elements, the representation, the emotional suggestions and
the intellectual meanings of the artwork.
c. Share your analysis with your groupmates.
d. Write your analysis in the paper provided.
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Instruction:
Group yourselves into 5-10 members and select your leader and secretary. Follow the instructions
provided. Analyse the artwork and list down your findings. The group will present their analysis
during class. The presentation should be documented and submitted/turn in by each member of the
group to their Google Classroom.
A. Analyze the artwork by the following:
•Share your analysis with your groupmates
1.visual elements
2.representation
3.emotional suggestions
4.intellectual meanings
B. Presentation by group
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GROUP 1
Cut the yellow art paper, making a rectangle 1 x 1.5 inches. Paste this yellow rectangle in the black
cartolina, in landscape orientation, exactly in the position 6 inches from the top side and 8 inches from the side.
GROUP 2
In landscape orientation, cut the yellow cartolina horizontally measuring 8 inches from the top side.
Paste the yellow cartolina over the black cartolina.
GROUP 3
Cut the brown art paper making a rectangle measuring 1 x 2 inches. Paste the brown rectangle at the
center of blue cartolina in landscape orientation.
GROUP 4
In landscape orientation, cut the yellow cartolina in half. Paste the yellow cartolina over the orange
cartolina. Cut the brown art paper, making an isosceles triangle measuring 2 inches on each side. Paste the brown
triangle along the line of yellow and orange cartolina 10 inches from the left.
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RUBRICS FOR ACTIVITY 2
Needs
Excellent Good Fair
CRITERIA Improvement
(16-20 points) (11-15 points) (6-10 points)
(1-5)
All members actively Some members did not
Group All members participated The group does
participated in the participate in the
Participation in the activity, but the not show any
activity, and the group activity, and the group
and group does not show a collaboration and
collaborated collaboration is not
Collaboration unified collaboration. participation at all
harmoniously. harmonious
The artwork is very The artwork is not The artwork is not
The artwork looks
Aesthetic pleasing to see, and it pleasing to look at, pleasing to see, and all
pleasing, but does not
Value and instructions abides with all the and many instructions instruction are not
follow some instructions.
instructions. are not followed. followed
The group analyzes the The group analyzes the The group analyzes the The group analyzes
Analysis artwork correctly in all artwork correctly in artwork correctly in the artwork correctly
four levels. only three levels. DR. ALLAN
only C. ORATE, UE in only one level.
two levels. 47
MODULE 2
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