PHILIPPINE PRESIDENTS - his body lies within the special monument

on Quezon Memorial Circle.

1) GENERAL EMILIO AGUINALDO
- a province, a city, a bridge and a university
- First president of the Philippines First in Manila are named after him.
Republic (Malolos Republic) - featured in the 20-peso bill, for the
- youngest president Declaration of Filipino as the national
- he became the country’s leader at age of language
28 - first Filipino featured on the cover of TIME
- longest-lived president died at 94 Magazine
- one of the active leaders of KKK - fought for the passage of the Tydings-
- Signed the Pact of Biak na Bato, creating a McDuffie Act (1934)
truce between the Spanish and Philippine - ranked 4th in the Philippine Bar Exam in
revolutionaries. 1903
- known as the President of the
3) JOSE P. LAUREL
Revolutionary Government
- he fought against the Spanish and - the third to sit at the office during Japanese
American to retain our independence occupation of World War II
- Featured in the front and back of the - “Puppet Republic”
Philippine 5-peso bill (not circulated - was the only Filipino president to have
anymore) been shot outside of combat
- waved the Philippine flag in declaring the - criticized as a traitor by some, his
independence of the Philippines in 1898 indictment for treason was superseded
- led the Philippines in the Spanish-Philippine later by an amnesty proclamation in 1948.
War and the American-Philippine War - only Philippine president who served the
- led the proclamation of the Philippine three branches of government – he became
Independence. a senator, congressman, associate justice,
and president
2) MANUEL L. QUEZON
- organized KALIBAPI (Kapisanan sa
- first president of the Commonwealth of Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas) or
the Philippines. Association for Service to the New
- known as the “Father of National Philippines), a provisional government
Language” (Ama ng Wikang Pambansa) during Japanese occupation.
- died of tuberculosis in Saranac Lake, New - was assassinated twice, but he survived
York. and recovered
- first Senate president elected as President - declared Martial Law and war between the
of the Philippines Philippines and the U.S./United Kingdom in
- first president elected through a national 1944.
election - founder of the Lyceum of the Philippines
- first president under the Commonwealth - ranked 2nd in the Philippine Bar Exam in
- created National Council of Education 1915
- initiated women’s suffrage in the
4) SERGIO OSMENA SR.
Philippines during the Commonwealth
- approved Tagalog/Filipino as the national - 4th president of the Philippines and the
language of the Philippines 2nd president of the Commonwealth
- during his presidency, the Philippines - Philippine Trade Act, also known as the
joined the International Monetary Fund. Bell Trade Act, provided for the
- became president at 65, making him the continuation of free trade with the
second oldest president to hold office Philippines and the United States from
- first Visayan to become president 1946-1954.
- joined with US Gen. Douglas McArthur in - Philippine Rehabilitation Act, also known
Leyte on October 20, 1944 to begin as the Tydings Rehabilitation Act,
restoration of Philippine freedom after resulted to the creation of the Philippine
Japanese occupation. War Damage Commission to take charge of
- Philippine National Bank was rehabilitated war damage payments.
and the country joined the International - Parity Rights- grant US citizens and
Monetary Fund corporations the same rights as Filipinos in
- founder of the Nacionalista Party the utilization and exploitation of Philippine
- ranked 2nd in the Philippine Bar Exam in natural resources.
1903 - Military Base Agreement - gave US free use
- Founder and Editor of a Spanish of 23 base sites for 99 years (shortened to
newspaper, El Nuevo Dia, in Cebu City 25 years in 1959) renewable in the
- featured in the 50-peso bill, First Philippine expiration of the treaty.
Assembly, Leyte Landing. 6) ELPIDIO R. QUIRINO
5) MANUEL A. ROXAS - 6th president of the Philippines and the
- was the 5th president of the Philippines, 2nd president of the Third Republic
the 3rd (and last) president under the - served as vice president under Manuel
Commonwealth, and the 1st president of Roxas – when Roxas died in 1948, Quirino
the Third Republic of the Philippines. became president in the age of 57.
- held office for only one year, 10 months, - First President from Ilocos
and 18 days. - created Social Security Commission
- Inaugurated as the first president of the - created Integrity Board to monitor graft
new Republic after the World War II. and corruption
- In his time, the country has started - In 1948, Quezon City was the capital of the
reconstruction from war damage and the Philippines
Philippines started breathing without - peso and dollar exchange rate at his time
foreign rule. was 1 US = P2
- the Philippine Rehabilitation Act and - Hukbalahap Guerrilla movement was active
Philippine Trade Act laws were accepted by during his presidency
the congress - Two principal objectives:
- featured in the 100-peso bill -economic reconstruction
- Ranked 1st in the Philippine Bar Exam in -restoration of people's trust and
1913 confidence in the government
- Signed the Treaty of General Relations¬ - Created the President's Action Committee
based on this treaty, the United States on Social Amelioration (PACSA) and the
withdrew and surrendered all rights of Agricultural Credit Cooperatives Financing
supervision, control or sovereignty over the Administration (ACCFA) to help farmers in
Philippines marketing their crops.
- Established rural banks to provide credit
facilities in the barrios
- Total Economic Mobilization Program- to - became president when Magsaysay died in
employ natural resources, manpower, and 1957
technical knowledge for economics - known for promoting “Filipino First Policy,”
progress. which favored Filipino businesses over
- Established (LASEDECO Law Settlement foreign investors
and Development Corp.) for landless - established the Austerity Program focusing
farmers . on Filipino trade and commerce
- Ranked 2nd in the Philippine Bar Exam in - Famous poet and known as the “Prince of
1915 Visayan Poets” and the “Bard from Bohol.”
- the first president to have his remains
7) RAMON MAGSAYSAY SR.
buried at the Libingan ng mga Bayani
- 7th president of the Philippines and the 3rd - ranked 7th in the Philippine Bar Exam in
president of the Third Republic 1923
- Man of the Masses- promised to give
9) DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL
common tao justice
- Opened the gates of Malacanang Palace to - 9th president of the Philippines
the masss - a lawyer and economist, born in Lubao,
- died in an aircraft disaster while boarding Pampanga Father of Gloria Macapagal
the presidential plane. Arroyo
- first president who sworn into the office - Poor boy of Lubao
wearing Barong Tagalog during the - ranked 1st in the Philippine Bar Exam in
inauguration 1936
- led to defeat the Hukbalahap movement - Established the first Land Reform Law,
- Chairman of the Committee on Guerrilla allowing for the purchase of private
Affairs farmland to be distributed in inexpensive,
- his presidency was referred to as the small lots to the landless
Philippines’ “Golden Years” for it was the - placed the Philippine peso on the free
cleanest and lack of corruption currency exchange market and encouraged
- Philippines was ranked second in Asia’s exports
clean and well-governed countries during - was Philippine representative to the United
his presidency Nations General Assembly three times
- established the National Resettlement and - made June 12 1898 as the Philippines’
Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA) Independence Day
among other agrarian reforms - signed the Minimum Wage Law
- made the Philippines a member of the - signed the law to create the Philippine
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization Veteran’s Bank
- established the Land Bank of the
8) CARLOS P. GARCIA
Philippines
- lawyer, poet, and teacher - featured in the 200-peso bill
- the 8th president of the Philippines and 4th
president of the Third Republic
- served as a guerrilla leader during the
Pacific War Born in Bohol, served as the
10) FERDINAND E. MARCOS
vice president of Ramon Magsaysay and
secretary of Foreign Affairs for 4 years
- 10th president of the Philippines and the - reorganized the structure of the executive
last president of the Third Republic branch of government.
- “Make this country great again” - 1987 Constitution
- one of the most controversial leaders of the - signed the Family Code of 1987, a major
20th century civil law reform, and 1191 Local
- a lawyer and Senate President for three Government Code, which reorganized the
years structure of the executive branch of
- ruled the Philippines for 21 years and was government
removed from office after the People - initiated charitable and social activities
Power Revolution. helping the poor and the needy
- First president to win a second term. - Generics Law of 1988
- declared Martial Law on Sept. 22, 1972 by - CARL – Comprehensive Agrarian Reform
virtue of Proclamation No. 1081 Law
- increased the size of Philippine military and - Named “Woman of the Year” in 1986 by
armed forces. TIME magazine
- by 1980 the Philippine GNP was four times - featured on the new 500-peso bill together
greater than 1972. with her husband, Benigno Aquino Jr.
- by 1986 the Philippines was one of the
12) FIDEL V. RAMOS
most indebted countries in Asia.
- built more schools, roads, bridges, - Ramos is the 12th president of the
hospitals, and other infrastructure than all Philippines
former presidents combined - chief-of-staff of the Armed Forces of the
- only president whose remains are interred Philippines before he became president
inside a refrigerated crypt - was also a civil engineer
- the longest-ruling president of the - Philippines 2000
Philippines, he ruled for 21 years - restored economic growth and stability in
- ranked 1st in the Philippine Bar Exam in the country, even during the Asian Financial
1939 Crisis in 1997
- the first, and the only non- Catholic
11) CORAZON C. AQUINO
president of the Philippines.
- the 1st woman president of the - was widely credited as the most effective
Philippines president because he led the Philippines to
- the 1st woman to become president of an economic growth.
Asian country - during his time, the Philippines was cited as
- a democracy icon Asia’s Next Economic Tiger because he
- 1 of the 100 Women Who Shaped World brought back economic growth
History 20 Most Influential Asians of the - promoted family-planning practices to help
20th Century to solve the country’s growing population
- was a prominent figure in the People Power - Hosted the 4th Asia Pacific Economic
Revolution that brought down Ferdinand Cooperation Leader’s Summit (APEC) in the
Marcos' dictatorship. Philippines in 1996
- Restored democracy. - signed peace talks and agreement with the
- abolished the 1973 Marcos Constitution rebels such as the Moro National Liberation
and ushered in the new Constitution of the Front and New People’s Army
Philippines.
- received British Knighthood from Her - 15th president of the Philippines
Majesty Queen Elizabeth II (Knight Grand - the first bachelor president
Cross of the Order of St. Michael and St. - created the no “wang-wang” (street siren)
George) policy
- The Philippine Stock Exchange became an - “Daang Matuwid”
international favorite during his presidency - Initiated shifting to K-12 education in the
- Ranked 8th in the Philippine Civil Philippines
Engineering Licensure - Won in the first ever automated election
- death penalty was reinstated while he was - Peace agreement with the Moro Islamic
in office Liberation Front in October 2012 thru
- the only military officer who reached the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Movement.
rank of five stars general/admiral de jure - Oversaw 7.1% growth of the Philippine
who rose from second lieutenant up to economy in 2012 besting other South East
commander-in-chief of the armed forces Asian Countries.
- Signed the Human Rights Victims
13) JOSEPH E. ESTRADA
Reparation and Recognition Act of 2013
- Estrada is the 13th president of the (RA10368),
Philippines and the 1st film actor to - Changed the Philippines’ reputation as “the
become a president in the country sick man of Asia” to “brightest spot in
- Father of the Masses Asia”
- during his years in office, economic growth - Signed a landmark law mandating the state
was slow, and he faced impeachment free contraceptives to poor couples and
proceedings teach sex education in schools.
- became the first president in Asia to be - Filed a suit at a UN linked international
impeached from an executive role arbitration tribunal in The Hague to
- 2nd one who was forced to leave the office invalidate China’s claim of Philippine
because of People Power III in Edsa claimed territories in the West Philippine
- was ousted from the presidency in 2001. Sea.

14) GLORIA MACAPAGALA ARROYO 16) RODRIGO ROA DUTERTE

- the 14th president of the Philippines - the 16th president of the Philippines
- the 2nd female president - a lawyer, prosecutor and politician of
- the first Filipino president whose parent Visayan descent from the southern island
was a former president of Mindanao
- “Strong Republic” - transformed one of the most dangerous
- the Hello Garci disgrace cities (Davao) into one of the world’s safest
- the peso strengthened by nearly 20% in when he was a mayor.
making it the best performing currency of - He was 71 when he became president –
the year in Asia in 2007. making him the oldest president to hold
- Philippine economy grew at its fastest in 3 office
decades in 2007, GDP exceeding 7% growth - Duterte has made impressive progress in
- First president to take oath outside Luzon asserting
- -eVAT Law was implemented under her - Philippine sovereignty and dignity in the
term international arena, in aligning the country

15) BENIGNO SIMEON C. AQUINO III

with Asian values instead of Hollywood 1. Who led the longest revolt in the Philippines
manufactured cultural norms during the Spanish times?
- April 3, 2017, Universal Access to Quality
Answer: Francisco Dagohoy
Tertiary Education Act, was signed into law,
paving the way for free college education in • It lasted for 85 years (1744-1829). Francisco
all state colleges and universities. Dagohoy rose in rebellion because a Jesuit
- September 21, 2018, Duterte signed priest refused to give his brother, Sagarino,
Administrative Order No. 13, removing a Christian burial as he had died in a duel.
non-tariff barriers in the importation of
2. Who was the Spanish governor-general who
agricultural products, to address soaring
ordered the deportation of Jose Rizal to Dapitan?
inflation rates.
- The permanent court of Arbitration Answer: Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol
awarded a landmark victory to the
• Jose Rizal was deported days after he
Philippines, winning all arguments against
founded the La Liga Filipina on July 6, 1892.
China.
La Liga Filipina, ostensibly a civic
- He initiated decongesting the Ninoy Aquino
association composed of Filipinos that had
International Airport in Manila, the
as its motto 'Unus Instar Omnium' ('One
country’s main gateway
Like All'), was considered by the Spanish
- Duterte launched a 24-hour complaint
authorities as "dangerous".
hotline, 8888
- Boracay Island, Manila Bay, Laguna Lake 3. What was the name of the Filipino soldier who
was rehabilitated during his term led the Cavite Mutiny of 1872?
- Launched the Build! Build! Build!
Answer: Sergeant Lamadrid
Infrastructure Program
- signed the TRAIN Law – Tax Reform for • Ferdinand La Madrid was a mestizo
Acceleration and Inclusion – and sergeant who led the mutiny after Spanish
Comprehensive Tax Reform Program authorities subjected his co-soldiers at the
- Anti-Drug Campaign Engineering and Artillery Corps to personal
- “Change is Coming” taxes from which they had previously been
exempted. The taxes obliged them to pay a
17) FERDINAND R. MARCOS JR.
monetary sum and to do the "polo y
- commonly referred to as Bongbong and by servicio" or forced labor!
the initials BBM
4. Who wrote the "Kartilla", considered the 'bible'
- campaign for the Presidency was anchored
of the Katipunan movement?
on the theme of unity
- won by a landslide with more than 31 Answer: Emilio Jacinto
million votes, about 58.8 percent of the
total vote, the highest margin of victory in • Jacinto was the adviser on fiscal matters
the country since 1981 and secretary to Andrés Bonifacio, the
- early terms focused on economic recovery leader of the Katipunan movement. The
from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic primer he wrote consisted of 13 teachings
- which the members of the (Katipunan)
were expected to follow. "A life that is not
Philippine History Trivias dedicated to a noble cause is like a tree
without a shade or a poisonous weed" was
one of the 13 teachings. Jacinto was also
the editor of the Katipunan newspaper 8. Who named the country 'Islas de San Lazaro'?
called "Kalayaan", which translates to
Answer: Ferdinand Magellan
"Freedom".
• It was Easter Sunday then, March 31, 1521,
5. Who created the designs for the Philippine
the feast day of St. Lazarus.
national flag?
9. What was the first name of Diego Silang's wife
Answer: Emilio Aguinaldo
who continued the revolt against the Spaniards in
• General Emilio Aguinaldo, while in exile in the Ilocos region after Diego's death?
Hong Kong in 1897, conceived the design
Answer: Gabriela
for the flag, drawing inspiration from the
flags used by the Katipunan and the Cuban • She was the first Filipino woman to lead a
revolutionaries. The flag had blue and red revolt against the Spaniards. She led the
horizontal bands with a white triangle at group for four months after her husband's
the flag's left side. Inside the triangle was a death before she was captured and
yellow sun with eight rays, representing the executed in Vigan, Ilocos Sur on September
first eight provinces which had revolted 20, 1763.
against the Spaniards. At each corner of the
10. Who was the hero of the Battle at Tirad Pass?
triangle were the three stars for the three
main islands of the Philippines (Luzon, Answer: Gregorio del Pilar
Visayas and Mindanao). The flag was sewn
• The Battle of Tirad Pass, sometimes
by Agoncillo with her daughter Lorenza,
referred to as the "Philippine
and Doña Delfina Herbosa de Natividad,
Thermopylae", was a battle in the
Jose Rizal's niece.
Philippine-American War fought on
6. Who was the last general of the Filipino- December 2, 1899 in Tirad Pass, a narrow
American revolution to surrender to the trail leading to Cervantes, a town in Ilocos
Americans? Sur. The 60-man Filipino contingent was
commanded by Brigadier General Gregorio
Answer: Simeon Ola
del Pilar but they were later defeated by
• He surrendered through Colonel Bandholtz the American soldiers under Major Peyton
in Guinobatan, Albay Province on C. March. Del Pilar was "one of the
September 25, 1903 and then took the youngest generals in the Philippine
oath of allegiance to the United States. Revolutionary Forces during the Philippine
Revolution and the Philippine-American
7. Which of the following former presidents died in
War." Of the 60 Filipinos, 52, including Del
a plane crash?
Pilar, were either killed or wounded.
Answer: Ramon Magsaysay
11. The Hispanic Period had started in the
• On March 16, 1957, he, together with some Philippines in 1500s. Who was the first Governor of
friends and newspapermen went to Cebu the Philippines?
on a speaking engagement. At a little past
Answer: Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
midnight, March 17, he boarded on the
plane 'Mt. Pinatubo' for Manila. The plane • In 1572, Miguel Lopez de Legazpi became
unfortunately crashed into a mountain in the first Governor of the Philippines and
Cebu. He and his companions were killed, established a government together with
except for Néstor Mata, a newspaperman. Augustinian and Dominican friars.
12. For how many years did Spanish rule last in the December, 1888. These Illustrados used the
Philippines? pen to express their freedom of speech
against the corrupt Spanish rulers.
Answer: 333
11. Andres Bonifacio decided to persuade and talk
• The Spaniards occupied the Philippines
to Rizal on the upcoming revolution during the
from 1565 to 1898, exactly 333 years.
latter's exile in Dapitan. Who did Bonifacio sent?
Spanish rule ended after the signing of the
Treaty of Paris in 1898, which withdrew Answer: Pio Valenzuela
Spain from the Philippines, Guam, Cuba
• Ex-La Liga Filipina (Spanish for "The
and Puerto Rico.
Philippine League") member and Katipunan
13. Raja Lakandula and Raja Sulayman revolted ("Freedom" in Filipino) founder, Andres
against Governor Guido de Lavezaris, because of Bonifacio, and his chancellors had decided
the abuses by the Spaniards. What is the revolt to persuade Dr. Rizal to join the Katipunans.
called? The Katipunan group sent Pio Valenzuela,
Dr. Rizal's friend, for the group's appeal but
Answer: Manila Revolt
Rizal refused to engage in violence.
• The successor to Miguel Lopez de Legaspi,
12. Filipinos remembered Dr. Jose Rizal as the
Governor-General Guido Lavezaris, had
patriot of the masses. He was executed by the
sequestered all the properties of the
Spanish authorities in Luneta (Bagumbayan by
Rajahs. The revolt failed because of the
then), Manila in December 30, 1896. Which of
loyalty of the Spanish and Filipino troops to
these capital punishments was used to execute
the Governor-General.
him?
14. Dr. Jose Protacio Rizal is Philippines' national
Answer: Shooting
hero because of his large contribution to
independence during the 19th century. What was • During the Spanish period, the garotte and
his main weapon against the Spaniards? shooting were the most common methods
of execution in the Philippines. In Dr. Rizal's
Answer: Pen
case, he was shot by the firing squad on
• The proverb "the pen is mightier than the the morning of 30th December, 1896 for
sword" was used with reference to treason (against Spain).
novelists like him. His many literary works
13. The massive raid in the printing press of "Diario
include the novels "Noli Me Tangere"
de Manila" (Spanish for "The Newspaper of
("Touch Me Not"), "El Filibusterismo" ("The
Manila") had alarmed the Katipunan members due
Reign of Greed"), and the poem "Mi Ultimo
to the arrest of their several comrades. After the
Adios" ("Farewell, Beloved Country").
second general meeting, these men decided to tear
15. Jose Rizal and other Illustrados (Spanish for up this important document. Which of these was
Filipino intellectuals) had established this group of it?
propaganda writers. The name of this progressive
Your Answer: residence certificates (cedula)
society newspaper against Spain was
_______________. • The cause of "Cry of Pugadlawin" (The
word "cry" here means a rallying call or
Answer: La Solidaridad
signal and "Pugadlawin" means hawk's nest
• La Solidaridad ("The Solidarity") was in Filipino): The Katipunan existence was
created in Barcelona, Spain on 13 th revealed by Teodoro Patiño to his sister
and later told to a priest about the • First Filipino Priest- Martin Lakandula
organization. The Spanish authorities had was ordained as an Augustinian priest in
arrested and executed several Katipunan 1590
members after the raid on the printing • First president from Mindanao- Rodrigo
press. Duterte
• As the sign of commitment to the • First Battle- Battle of Mactan
Katipunans, Bonifacio and the large group • First Spanish governor general- Miguel
of Katipuneros tore up a "cedula" (Spanish Lopez de Legaspi
for residence certificate) in Pugadlawin, • First archbishop- Domingo Salazar
Balintawak. The Katipunans dominated the • First revolt- revolt of Esteban Taes
first battle in Calookan with the small • First man who used Filipino as title of
victory but they retreated in Mandaluyong, citizenship- Luis Rodriguez Varela
then in Balara after the Spanish • First republic- Malolos Republic
reinforcements had defeated the forces of  First president of Katipunan- Deodato
the revolutionaries. Arellano
• First Army Chief- General Artemio Ricarte
14. The Tejeros Convention happened in which
 First American civil governor- Williaam
Philippine province?
Howard Taft
Answer: Cavite • First Filipino Chief Justice- Cayetano
Arellano
• Bonifacio was in negotiations aimed at
• First Labor Union- Union Obrera
uniting the Katipuan factions in Tejeros,
Democratica, founded by lsabelo delos
Cavite. He was invited by Magdalo to settle
Reyes
the governorship of the country, but
• First Speaker of Philippine Assembly- Sergio
Magdalo settled for revolutionary
Osmena
government and Magdiwang ("Celebrate"
• First woman senator- Geronima Pecson
in Filipino) agreed to retain Katipunan.
• First national artist- Fernando Amorsolo
15. The Spanish-American War brought an end to
Spanish rule. In May 1898, the Americans, under
Commodore George Dewey won "The Battle of
______ ______".

Answer: Manila Bay

• "The Battle of Manila Bay" had lasted only

few hours during 1st of May 1898. The USS
Olympia and the fleet of ships under U.S.
Navy's Asiatic Squadron Commander,
Commodore George Dewey had dominated
the Manila Bay. The battle lasted only a few
hours till the Spanish fleet under Admiral
Patricio Montojo was defeated.

FIRSTS:

• First Filipino Christians- Rajah Humabon

and Rajah Kolambu
A. Know and act upon the “ought to be” and the
“ought to do”
B. Be integrated in speech, feelings, thinking and
action
C. Be able to follow the dictates of one‟s
experience
D. Be acceptable by society

6. Without limiting the rights of parents to rear

their children, the constitution provides
compulsory
elementary education for _____
PLEASE READ AND MEMORIZE THESE QUESTIONS A. All school children of pre-school age
B. All children of school age
1. Ano ang pangalan ng alagang aso ni Dr. Jose C. All physically able individuals
Rizal? D. Adult citizens and out-of-school youth
A. Pandak
B. Bantay 7. He established the tobacco monopoly during the
C. Usman Spanish Era.
D. Ondo A. Jose Basco
B. Rafael Izquierdo
2. Being a rationalist in life, what was the reported C. Basilio Agustin
request of Dr. Jose Rizal to his executioners in D. Francisco Rizzo
Bagumbayan?
A. Not to miss their target 8. A candidate was detained for working against
B. Not to shoot him at the back political party. Which right can be invoked?
C. Shoot to kill A. Right to his political beliefs
D. Not to shoot him on the head B. Right to his aspirations
C. Right to seek redress
3. Voting is a privilege in a democracy. Those who D. Right to vote according to one‟s conscience
are deprived their votes are normally _____.
A. Franchised 9. The fundamental right invoked by filing the “writ
B. Exiled of amparo” is _____.
C. Disenfranchised A. The right to self defense
D. Execute B. The right to due process
C. The right to life, liberty, and security
4. How do countries register dislike or D. The right to be defended by a public attorney
disagreement of another country‟s discussion
through 10. A child after birth has a right to a name. This is
diplomatic means? actually:
A. File a diplomatic protest A. A right for just treatment
B. Recall all its nations B. A right for survival
C. Declare war immediately C. A right to suffrage
D. Retaliate by arresting nationals of the country D. A right to his identity

5. To be a moral person is to _____.

11. During the June 12, 1898 Declaration of
Independence, a band played the „Marcha 17. What does “capital” in economics refer to?
Nacional A. Investment and loss computed
Filipino.‟ What band was this? B. Outcome of a business transaction
A. Pangkatkawayan ng Pateros C. Money/machines invested to transact business
B. Kawit Cavite Band D. Profit and labor spent for the business
C. Malabon Band
D. San Francisco de Malabon 18. When a combination of independent business
organizations form to regulate production, pricing
12. Where would you commit a drug dependent for and marketing of goods by the members, which
him to achieve a natural, tensionless ad anxiety- term applies?
free state? A. Cartel
A. NFPI B. Monopoly
B. DARN (Drug Abuse Rehabilitation Network) C. Depression
C. DARE D. Inflation
D. Bukang Liwayway Center
19. Why is the Price Tag Law important?
13. Which human right violation is a deliberate and A. To show that the product is of high quality
systematic extermination of an ethnic or national B. To show the price and ask for more discount
group? C. To show the price and to attract buyers
A. Genocide D. To discourage and minimize price haggling
B. Politicide
C. Homicide 20. What goods are increasingly demanded when
D. Parricide income increases?
A. Substitute goods
14. To what classification of rights does the right to B. Normal goods
live and to love belong? C. Prestige goods
A. Political D. Inferior good
B. Natural
C. Statutory 21. Free trade means:
D. Constitutional A. Levels of taxing is mutual between countries
B. Goods are all imported
15. What does a professional code of ethics C. Goods come in untaxed
prescribe for all? D. Government restrict entry of identified goods
A. Moral standards and ethical behavior
B. Rules and regulations in practicing the profession 22. What does a “nuclear family” consist of:
C. Strict implementation of laws of the land A. Grandfathers and grandmothers
D. Civic-mindedness and social consciousness B. Father, mother, sons and daughters
C. Sons, daughters and cousins
16. “Man is to be hailed as a social being.” What D. Sons, daughters and in-laws
does this line mean?
A. He necessarily attends social events 23. Which peace efforts are most government
B. He must introduce himself in social gatherings engaged in when they have representatives in
C. He does not live only for himself other countries to promote
D. He does not need other people international cooperation and harmony?
A. Diplomacy 29. The Prime Meridian passes through:
B. Disarmament A. Rome
C. International organization B. Warsaw
D. Collective security C. London
D. New York
24.Which principle states that no man in the
country is above the law and the laws must be 30. The surface of the Earth between the Tropic of
obeyed by all and applied to Cancer and Arctic Circle is a:
everyone rich or poor, lowly or powerful, without A. Circle
fear or favor? B. Cone
A. Social justice C. Plane
B. Rule of Law D. Zone
C. Separation of church and state
D. Rule of the Majority 31. Which city suffered from the first atomic bomb
on August 6, 1945?
25.In which form of government does power or A. Hiroshima
authority resides in a few persons who govern for B. Chernobyl
their own interest? C. Moscow
A. Oligarchy D. Nagasaki
B. Monarchy
C. Democracy 32. Pre-colonial trade in the Philippines was
D. Parliamentary prosperous. What system did they use for their
business transactions?
26.Which department has the authority to make A. Money
laws and to alter them when needed? B. Barter
A. Executive C. Credit
B. Legislative D. Banking
C. Judicial
D. Administrative 33. Typical of Greek civilization (800-600 BCE)
without which a single political unit was able to
27. Where are the world’s major religions such as stay strong:
Hinduism, Buddhism and Judaism being practiced? A. Towns and cities
A. Asia B. Strong army
B. Africa C. Strong Navy
C. South America D. City States
D. Europe
34. Who among the leaders of the Katipunan used
28. Name the least developed and poorest country the penname Agapito Bagumbayan?
in Central America, also known as “Banana A. Julian Felipe
Republic.” B. Andres Bonifacio
A. El Salvador C. Pio Valenzuela
B. Nicaragua D. Emilio Jacinto
C. Guatemala
D. Honduras 35. Who was the Spanish Governor-General who
established the “tobacco monopoly” in 1781?
A. Francisco Rizzo
B. Jose Basco 41. The military provinces that were unpacified
C. Basilio Agustin during the Spanish period were called:
D. Rafael Izquierdo A. Alcaldia
B. Alcalde mayor
36. Various expeditions by Spanish adventures C. Indulto de comercio
were completed by the 17th century resulting in D. Corregimientos
the Hispanic conquest of Latin America. Who was 42. After the revolution, Macario Sakay went
the Spanish commander who led an expedition underground and established a republic based on
against the Inca Empire setting up settlements as the ideology of the Bonifacio-Jacinto Katipunan.
far as Buenos Aires in 1536? What do you call the Republic established by
A. Hemon Cortez Macario?
B. Basco Dagama A. Republika ng Katipunan
C. Inez dela Cruz J.R. Pole B. Republika ng mga Filipino
D. Pizzarro C. Republika sa Gitnang Katagalugan
D. Republika ng San Cristobal
37. The author of “Flora de Filipinas” circa 1837,
the botanical illustrations of plant specimens that 43. He was the American President who said, “Ask
grew into the Philippine not what America will do for you, but what
herbarium: together we can do for thefreedom of man.”
A. Gov. Narciso Claveria A. Gerald Ford
B. Gov. Polavieja B. Franklin Roosevelt
C. Padre Emmanuel Gonzales C. Harry Truman
D. Fr. Manuel Blanco D. John F. Kennedy

38. Who is the first man to replace myth with 44. The Benevolent Assimilation proclamation on
natural laws and uses observing that all living December 21, 1879 was the first official indication
things are elements of nature? of American policy regarding the Philippines, it
A. Aristotle expressly indicated the intention of the United
B. Pythagoras States to stay in the Philippine by exercising the
C. Cladius Ptolemy right of sovereignty over the Filipinos. Who was the
D. Thales of Melitus American president who issued this “Benevolent
Assimilation” policy?
39. Birth place of Jose Rizal: A. Wilson
A. Intramuros, Manila B. Eisenhower
B. Calamba, Laguna C. Roosevelt
C. Malolos, Bulacan D. McKinley
D. Kawit, Cavite
45. Which best describes the division of the
40. What was the first book published in the legislature into the Senate and the House of
Philippines? Representatives?
A. Pasiong mahal A. Bicameralism
B. Doctrina Christiana B. Bipartisanship
C. Del superior Govierno C. Unicameralism
D. Co-legislative powers
D. Barlaame Josaphat
46. Who was the last Spanish Governal-General of 52. What is the possible consequence of
the Philippines? meritocracy in a social system?
A. Ramon Blanco A. Rule by the wealthy and powerful.
B. Diego de los Rios B. Leadership by people of talent.
C. Basilio Agustin C. Culture of elitism.
D. Fermin Jaudenes D. Rule by those with noble birth.
47. Which demonstrates interconnectedness
between social and environmental injustice? 53. Which constitutional safeguard prevents one
A. Industrialized countries’ toxic disposed to poorer branch of government from becoming powerful or
countries. abusive?
B. Temperature warming and rise of sea level. A. Impeachment
C. Desertification of verdant regions. B. Ombudsman
D. Extinction of rare animal species. C. Check and Balance
D. Laissez Faire
48. Participation in governance, including the right
to vote and seek public office is secured within the 54. What is the predominant characteristic of
citizenry’s ________________. eastern religion?
A. Political rights A. Optimism
B. Right of suffrage B. Secularism
C. Socio- civic rights C. Mysticism
D. Right to due process D. Pessimism

49. Participation in governance, including the right 55. What economic policy in 16 th century in
to vote and seek public office is secured within the Europe influenced Spain’s expansionist policy to
citizenry’s ___________________. discover new lands?
A. Right to due process A. Spice-trading
B. Socio-civic rights B. Capitalism
C. political rights C. Mercantilism
D. right of suffrage D. Colonialism

50. Tax imposed on all employed and practicing 56. The right invoked in the “writ of habeas data” is
professionals ________________________.
A. Income tax A. The right to information privacy.
B. Real estate tax B. Right to gather information data.
C. Community tax C. The right to search for information.
D. Inheritance tax D. Right to transmit data.

51. Which policy of the state provides preferential 57. Whose philosophy advocates the use of reason
attention to the welfare of the less fortunate in understanding the existence of God?
members of the Philippines society? A. St. Benedict
A. Social justice B. St. Peter
B. Criminal justice C. St. John
C. Distributive justice D. St. Thomas Aquinas
D. Bill of rights
58. Which is a check on the executive department 63. Agency tasked to nurture Philippine Arts
by the judiciary in the principle check and balance A. NBI
among branches of the government? B. CCP
A. Impeachment of the Chief of Justice of the C. NCAA
Supreme Court. D. NCCA
B. Determining the salary of the President and Vice-
President. 64. The ultimate objective of the comprehensive
C. Declaring a legislative measure unconstitutional. Agrarian Reform is:
D. Declaring an act of the President A. Abolish share tenancy in favor of lease tenancy.
unconstitutional. B. Distribute all arable lands to the landless.
C. Establish once cultivated land.
59. Which is the fundamental law of the land? D. Ensure the cultivation of idle lands.
A. Bill of Rights
B. Constitution 65. Which was the first labor union in the country
C. Civil Criminal Code founded by Isabelo de los Reyes on July1901?
D. Ten Commandments A. Association of the Philippine Labor
B. Union Obrera Democratica
60. Gregoria de Jesus saw her husband ________ C. Union Trabajadores de Filipinos
charge for treason by fellow Filipinos who have D. Association de Compania Tabacalera
formed the Philippine Revolutionary force to fight
Spain. 66. Through the Galleon Trade (1565-1815), the
A. Marcelo H. Del Pilar Philippines had extended contacts with
B. Emilio Aguinaldo ________.
C. Andres Bonifacio A. Spain
D. Jose Rizal B. Spice Island
C. China
61. What did Nelson Mandela mean to South D. Mexico
African
and the rest of the world? He gave up armed 67. How many days are needed after which an
struggle and chose the peaceful way to freedom. enrolled bill becomes a law?
Nelson Mandela is a world leader who is a model of A. 75 days
_________________. B. 90 days
A. Black supremacy C. 60 days
B. Armed struggle D. 30 days
C. Non-violence
D. Imprisonment 68. What law passed on August 1909 by the U.S.
Congress established a partial free trade in the
62. Which band played the Marcha Nacional Philippines?
Filipino of the national anthem on June 12, 1898 A. Bell Trade
during the declaration of Philippine Independence? B. Payne-Aldrich Act
A. Pangkat Kawayan ng Pateros C. Treaty on General Relations
B. Kawit Cavite Band D. Underwood-Simmons Act
C. Malabon Band
D. San Francisco Monte Band 69. In a matriarchal family which family member
plays the leading role?
A. Grandmother 75. The Philippines is the only ___________
B. Mother country in the world.
C. Oldest sister A. Communist
D. Aunt B. Buddhist
C. Christian
70. Who was the Spanish mestizo priest who first D. Muslim
led the native secular clergy in the Secularization 76. In social trends, how do you call those who are
Movement in 1861? for the revival of the classics?
A. Father Jacinto Zamora A. Existentialists
B. Father Gregorio Aglipay B. Rationalists
C. Father Pedro Pelaez C. Jose Rizal
D. Father Jose Burgos D. Reformists

71. What was the term given by Marcelo H. De Pilar 77. What happens to a good action when it is
to hidden control and domination by Spanish perform on account of an evil motive?
religious priests over the colonial government? A. It becomes good
A. Pase region B. It becomes evil
B. Las suerte partidas C. It becomes morally good
C. Complace D. It becomes an amoral act
D. Frailocracia
78. The tax required to be paid annually by all adult
72. While authority should be respected, its citizens of the Philippines is the ______________.
opinion may be an error. Which of the following A. Community tax
represents a better/more certain avenue to the B. Income tax
truth? C. real estate tax
A. Replication (repeat and check) D. Inheritance tax
B. Selective observation
C. Overgeneralization 79. The fundamental right invoked by filling the
D. Fallacious reasoning “writ of amparo” is ________________.
A. The right to due process
73. Who is known as the “Father of the Local B. The right to self-defense
Government Code”? C. The right to be defended by a public attorney
A. Joey Lina D. The right to life, liberty and security
B. Joseph Estrada
C. Jovito Salonga 80. What is one of the man-made wonders of the
D. Aquilino Pimental Philippines?
A. Rice terraces
74. Who was the first editor of La Solidaridad, and B. Mount Makiling
an orator of the Reform Movement? C. Manila Bay
A. Juan Luna D. Taal Volcano
B. Graciano Lopez Jaena
C. Jose Rizal 81. As a Social Science teacher which should
D. Marcelo H. Del Pilar Teacher Nora avoid?
A. Abreast with all the other issues
B. Appreciative of change
C. Facilitator of learning D. Thailand
D. As a sage on the stage 88. What was the power to set aside certain by the
82. Governor General Narciso Claveria was Kingdom of Spain to the Governor-General of the
responsible for the ________________. Philippines?
A. Abolition of the Galleon Trade A. Veto power
B. Establishment of the Tobacco Monopoly B. Condign Power
C. Use of Spanish surname by Filipinos C. Conditioned Power
D. Establishment of the Galleon Trade D. Compensatory power

83. Whose philosophy gives prominence to faith in 89. What best describes the form of government of
understanding the existence of God? England with its parliament, a prime minister, and a
A. St. Benedict queen (or king)?
B. St. Peter A. Constitutional monarchy
C. St. Augustine B. Anarchism
D. St. John C. Ethnocracy
D. Demarchy
84. Who among the following Filipino statesmen
was the most vocal to speak against the country’s 90. Who was the revolutionary leader who refused
foreign policy of close association with Americans? to surrender to the Americans even after General
A. Claro M. Recto Malvar’s surrender, and declared himself President
B. Manuel Luis Quezon and Commander-in-Chief of the Supreme
C. Cayetano Arellano Government of the Tagalog Archipelago?
D. Jose P. Laurel A. Julian Montalan
B. Macario Sakay
85. Of the seven continents comprising continues C. Licerio Geronimo
land mass surrounded by big bodies of water, the D. Artemio Ricarte
biggest (30.1 percent of the earth) is
______________? 91. Which religious missionaries first arrived in the
A. Asia Philippines?
B. Australia A. Dominicans
C. Europe B. Franciscan
D. Northern America C. Jesults
D. Augustinians
86. Civilization is where large ideas and tools, as
well as human settlements flourished. Where do 92. Who were the aboriginal settlers in the islands,
historians say civilization had first been born? prior to succeeding migrants who crossed the seas
A. China from the Southern Philippines?
B. Middle East A. Sumatians
C. Egypt B. Malayans
D. Jordan C. Borneans
D. Negritos
87. Which is the largest country in Asia?
A. China 93. What religious institution is the only living
B. Philippines remnant of the Philippine Revolution of 1896
C. Japan today?
A. Philippines Independent Church B. Carlos P. Garcia
B. Roman Catholic Church C. Manuel Roxas
C. Unitarian Church of the Philippines D. Ramon Magsaysay
D. United Church of the Philippines
100. During their discussion of the Noli Me
94. A young girl left her baby at the household of a Tangere, the students debated on the identity of
monastery. The child grew up without knowing her the Filipino. During much of the Spanish
mother and father. What right is deprived of the occupation, how were the natives of the Philippines
child? called?
A. Self defense A. Principalia
B. Survival trait B. Indios
C. Self-assertion C. Insulares
D. Denial trait D. Peninsulares

95. Which type of justice implies the duty of one

individual to give another what he is due?
A. Social justice
B. International justice
C. Commutative justice
D. Distributive justice

96. The Philippine currency and its stability is

protected and supervised by:
A. NEDA
B. Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP)
C. Bureau of Treasury
D. Boy Scout of the Philippines (BSP)

97. Which is the greatest value according to the

teachings of Karl Marx?
A. Health
B. Pleasure
C. Elimination of selfish desires
D. Absolute equality

98. Voting is a privilege in a democracy. Those who

are deprived their votes are normally:
A. Franchised
B. Exiled
C. Disenfranchised
D. Execute

99. Who is the president who is known for his

“Filipino-First” Policy and Austerity Program?
A. Diosdado Macapagal
Answer Key:

1. C

2. B

3. C

4. A

5. C

6. B

7. A

8. A

9. C

10. D

11. D

12. B

13. A

14. B

15. A

16. C

17. C

18. A

19. D

20. B

21. C

22. B

23. A

24. B

25. A

26. B

27. A
28. D

29. C

30. D

31. A

32. B

33. D

34. B

35. B

36. D

37. D

38. D

39. B

40. B

41. D

42. C

43. D

44. D

45. A

46. B

47. A

48. A

49. C

50. A

51. A

52. B

53. C

54. A

55. C
56. A

57. D

58. D

59. B

60. C

61. C

62. C

63. D

64. B

65. B

66. D

67. D

68. B

69. B

70. C

71. D

72. A

73. D

74. B

75. C

76. C

77. B

78. A

79. D

80. A

81. D

82. C

83. C
84. A

85. A

86. B

87. A

88. A

89. A

90. B

91. D

92. D

93. A

94. C

95. C

96. B

97. D

98. C

99. B

100. B