Subject : Science
Grade :9
Term : 2nd Term
Competency : Explores life and life processes in order to improve the productivity of
biological systems
Competency level : Investigates the mechanical support and movements in organisms
Unit : 8 - Support and movement in organisms
This lesson investigates on the movement of plants and animals, support,
effect of muscles and bones in movement and in -situ conservation
Activity 1
The vessel A contains names of a few animals and vessel B contains appendages used by
animals for their movements.
Vessel A Vessel B
Nails Legs
Iguana Dog Rat snake
pseudopodia fins
Pigeon Tiger Tuna flippers wings
scales
Whale Penguin Butterfly
feathers
Amoeba Bat Dragon fly
Monkey
Elephant Human Snail
Millipede Earthworm
Frog Cockroach
I. By observing the animals in vessel A or by watching videos on them match the appendages
in vessel B and compete the following table.
Name of the animal Appendages used for movement
Ex: Iguana Legs
II. Write down the animals who do not have special appendages for movement from those
who mentioned in vessel A.
III. Write down the animals whose appendages are not directly related to the movements
from those who mentioned in vessel B.
IV. Write down the names of animals who use bones apart from muscles for their movement
from those who mentioned in vessel A.
• Animals move their body parts and most of them use muscles for their movement.
Invertebrates use muscles while vertebrates use both muscles and bones for their
movement.
• Bones gives rigidity to the body and through that provides mechanical support.
• The various muscles attached to the bones aid in movement of bones.
Let’s make an elbow joint
Y rubber band
A
X rubber band
B
• Design and operate a model of an elbow joint as shown in the above diagram using
the materials that you can easily find at home.
Activity 2
• Answer the following questions according to the operation of the model.
1. What will happen if the length of the “X” rubber band is decreased?
2. Will the length of the “Y” rubber band increase or decrease when the length of “X” rubber
band is decreased?
3. Does the length of the “Y” rubber band increase or decrease as B moves upward?
4. When the bicep muscles contract the lower part of the elbow lifts up. Then, the length of
the triceps muscles ……………………. . When the hand is stretched the length of the triceps
muscles …………………… . while the length of the biceps muscles ………………….. .
(Use increase or decrease as necessary to fill the blanks)
Movements of plants
• Growth of a part in a plant as a response to a stimulus or change of location due
to a turgor change is known as movements of a plant.
Movements of plants
Tropic Nastic
( A direct influence between the ( Response of the direction does
direction of the stimulus and not depend on the direction of the
direction of the response) stimulus)
Positive Negative
Nyctinastic
Haptonastic
Geotropism Geotropism
Seismonastic
Phototropism
Photonastic
Hydrotropism
Chemotropism
Thigmotropism
Activity 3
Following are some of the plants that can be found in the garden.
AA AB AC
AD AE AF
Relevant cases are not mentioned as A, B, C, D respectively.
i. Elongation of roots downwards of an uprooted temple tree plant
ii. a branch of a tamarind plant when dark falls
iii. a vine wound in a tree
iv. elongation of the apex upwards in a temple tree plant
v. shrinking of leaves of mimosa plant when touched
vi. a sesbania tree after the sun set
1. Match the cases in correct order.
2. Mention the type of movement of plants for each instance.
Ex: positive phototropism, nyctinastic movements etc...
Activity 4
• Fil the following paragraph using the suitable words. Once you complete the
paragraph you will be able to understand what is in-situ conservation.
• Below the paragraph is a list of words to be used to fill the blanks.
ono
Plants cannot (a)…………………….. . But animals can (b)…………………… . Therefore,
when all the necessary (c)……………………. are received by the plants, they
(d)……………..in their habitat. If it is essential to (e)……………….. plants, it should be
done in their (f)……………….Conservation of animals in its living environment is known
as (g)……………………….. Plants are conserved in Sri Lanka through
(h)………………………forests.
External factors/ conserve/ locomote/ grow/ locomote/ habitat/ strictly reserved/ / in-situ
conservation
Translated by : Nayomi Wijesooriya
Answers
Activity 1
i.
Name of the animal Appendages used for locomotion
Iguana Legs
Dog Legs
Pigeon Legs / wings
Tiger Legs
Tuna Fins
Whale Flippers
Penguin Legs
Butterfly Wings
Amoeba Pseudopodia
Bat Flippers
Dragon fly Wings
Monkey Legs
Elephant Legs
Human Legs
Frog Legs
Cockroach Legs / wings
Millipede Legs
ii. Rat snake, snail, earthworm
iii. nails, scales, feathers
iv. Iguana, dog, rat snake, pigeon, tiger, tuna, whale, penguin, bat, monkey, elephant, human, frog
Activity 2
i. B moves upwards
ii. Increase
iii. Increase
iv. (a) increase (b) decrease (c) increase
Activity 3
1. F, E, C, D, B, A
2. i. Positive geotropism
ii. Nytinastic movement
iii. Positive thigmotropism
iv. Positive phototropism
v. Haptonastic movement
vi. Nyctinastic movement
Activity 4
(a) locomote (b) locomote (c) external factors (d) grow (e) conserve
(f) habitat (g) in-situ conservation (h) strictly reserved
