Voyager

INTRODUCTION

Voyager Live is an Xubuntu-based distribution and live DVD showcasing the Xfce desktop
environment. Its features include the Avant Window Navigator or AWN (a dock-like navigation bar),
Conky (a program which displays useful information on the desktop), and over 300 photographs and
animations that can be used as desktop backgrounds.
Ways to enable/disable OS services

How to enable a service

As an example, to enable Apache web server in Debian, do the following -

# update-rc.d apache2 defaults

... this will enable the Apache web server to start in the default run levels of 2,3,4 and 5. Of
course, you can do it explicitly by giving the run levels instead of the defaults keyword as
follows:

# update-rc.d apache2 start 20 2 3 4 5 . stop 80 0 1 6 .

The above command modifies the sym-links in the respective /etc/rcX.d directories to start or
stop the service in the destined runlevels. Here X stands for a value of 0 to 6 depending on
the runlevel. One thing to note here is the dot (.) which is used to terminate the set which is
important. Also 20 and 80 are the sequence codes which decides in what order of
precedence the scripts in the /etc/init.d/ directory should be started or stopped.

To enable the service only in runlevel 5, you do this instead -

# update-rc.d apache2 start 20 5 . stop 80 0 1 2 3 4 6 .

How to disable a service

To disable the service in all the run levels, you execute the command:

# update-rc.d -f apache2 remove

Here -f option which stands for force is mandatory.

Basic interaction with the OS
Dekstop Layout
1. Taskbar. This area consists of the Menu, quick launch application icons, workspaces
and the system tray.
2. Favourites. It contains all of user favourite applications like terminal,
settings etc depends on user.
3. Time and date. It displays the time and date on the desktop background.
4. Ram and disk usage. It displays usage of Ram memory and disk.
Menu Icons
1 - Search Bar. Here you can start typing the name of an application and the Menu
will show that application to you in the list.
2 - All Settings. This is the Settings Manager, similar to the Control Panel in
Windows. This is where you can adjust things like your Display resolution and Power
settings.
3 - Lock Screen. Clicking on this icon will lock your screen. A handy feature to have
when you are away from your computer for a short time and want it secured. Enter
your password to unlock your screen when you return.
4 - Logout. Clicking on this icon will bring up a new dialogue window giving you the
option to, Log Out, Restart, Shut Down, Suspend or Hibernate your computer.
5 - Login Name. The name of the currently logged in user.
File Search
File Search is an easy to use GUI file search utility found under Menu, Accessories, File
manager.
Upon opening File Search, you will see this file search window. Click on Search tab at the
top and click Search folders.
File Search uses the locate command to search for files. The locate command relies on a

database it maintains of the files on your computer. That database gets automatically

updated periodically - normally once a day. Before conducting a search, it is a good idea to

manually update the database index to make sure that any file changes made since the last

update are reflected in the search results. Click the gear icon in upper-right corner and

choose Update Search Index.

You can also use the gear button for other options like displaying advanced settings
in the search window. The advanced settings display lets you filter search results by
file modification dates, file types, file extensions, etc.

Application
Voyager comes with an impressive inventory of top-rated software packages to provide a
wide range of built-in uses:

 Kodi Media Center 16.1

 Mpv Media Player
 GIMP 2.8.16
 Gthumb
 Pitivi 0.95.1
 Clementine
 RadioTray
 Kazam
 Bleachbit
 Firewall Gfuw
 Firefox 46
 Pidgin
 LibreOffice5.1
 Gnome Calendar
Very few Linux distros supply users with add-on packages to get the latest features easily.
This is one of Voyager Live's strong points. It includes a post-installation script to let users
quickly and easily select and download special software integrated into the Xfce framework.
Wine application is a compatibility layer capable of running many Windows programs in
Linux. Software programs are designed for different operating systems, and most won't work
on systems that they weren't designed for. Windows programs won't natively run in Linux
because they contain instructions that the system can't understand until they're translated by
the Windows environment. In that same way, Linux programs won't run under the Windows
operating system because Windows is unable to interpret all of their instructions. Through
Wine's compatibility layer, when a Windows program tries to perform a function that Linux
doesn't normally understand, Wine will translate that program's instruction into one
supported by Linux.

Boot-loading configuration
Voyager Linux and most other Linux distributions now use the GRUB2 boot loader. You can
change its settings to select a default operating system, set a background image, and
choose how long GRUB counts down before automatically booting the default OS.
We configured GRUB2 on Ubuntu 14.04 here, but the process should be similar for other
Linux distributions. You may have customized the original GRUB’s settings by editing its
menu.lst file in the past, but the process is now different.
GRUB2 doesn’t use a menu.lst file. Instead, its main configuration file is the
/boot/grub/grub.cfg file. However, you shouldn’t edit this file by hand! This file is just for
GRUB2’s own usage. It’s automatically created by running the update-grub command as
root — in other words, by running sudo update-grub on Ubuntu.
Your own GRUB settings are stored in the /etc/default/grub file. Edit this file to change
GRUB2’s settings. Scripts are also located in the /etc/grub.d/ directory. For example, on
Ubuntu, there are scripts here that configure the default theme. There’s also an os-prober
script that checks the system’s internal hard drives for other installed operating systems —
Windows, other Linux distributions, Mac OS X, and so on — and automatically adds them to
GRUB2’s menu.
When you run the update-grub command, GRUB automatically combines the settings from
the /etc/default/grub file, the scripts from the /etc/grub.d/ directory, and everything else,
creating a /boot/grub/grub.cfg file that’s read at boot.
In other words, to customize your GRUB2 settings, you’ll have to edit the /etc/default/grub
file and then run the sudo update-grub command.

Customization
Voyager Linux uses the XFCE desktop environment because it strikes a good balance
between resource usage, functionality and customization for the user. It's relatively light on
resources which makes it suitable for installation on older computers, giving them a new
lease on life, as well as on newer systems.
Navigating the applications menu and the file system is straightforward, intuitive and is
similar to what many people coming from a Windows XP or Windows 7 environment are
used to. At the same time, XFCE offers a variety of ways for people to customize the look
and feel of their desktop work environment to suit their own tastes if that is what they want to
do.
That is what this section of the manual is all about. If you get bored with the default setup,
you can change it to your liking in a variety of ways. Linux Lite comes with a few themes and
icon sets pre-installed already and switching to one of those is quick and easy. You can also
download and apply other themes, icons and mouse pointers to your system if you'd like.
The panel along the bottom of your screen that holds the Menu launcher and various
indicator icons can be customized in a variety of ways too.
In this section, we'll start off with the more basic ways to customize your desktop. (Over
time, we may add examples to this page of additional programs that can be added to your
system to spice things up a bit more.)
Some of the most basic changes people like to make are changing the desktop background
(wallpaper), deciding whether or not to have certain icons show on the desktop and
sometimes they may want to change something about the menu shown when right or middle
clicking on the desktop. Desktop Settings is where to look for making those types of
changes.
There are two ways to access the Desktop Settings menu. One way is to simply right click
on the desktop and choose Desktop Settings.

Another way is to choose Desktop from the main Settings Manager window, which
can be accessed by going to Menu, Settings, Settings Manager.
By default, backgrounds are stored in the file system under the /usr/share/backgrounds/xfce
folder. Images in that folder are shown as choices in the Backgrounds tab. Just click on the
image you want and it will instantly switch to that for your background. If you want to add
some of your own pictures to the choices, open your file manager As Administrator, enter
your password, then navigate to that folder and paste your image into it.
(HINT: You can just right click your desktop, choose Open as Administrator, enter your
password and it will open the Thunar file manager at your Desktop folder. From there, just
navigate to where your picture is stored, copy it, then navigate to
/usr/share/backgrounds/xfce and paste it in.)
If you prefer, you can change the folder location that the Background tab defaults to for
choices. For example, if you have a folder called "Wallpapers" under your Home folder, you
can tell the system to look there instead. Click the drop-down box next to the word Folder:
and pick Other to navigate your way to /home/yourname/Wallpapers. Some people prefer
doing this because it eliminates the need to be Administrator when adding new
backgrounds.
There are a few other options associated with the background images. You can choose from
different styles to display them in, choose a background color if they do not cover the entire
screen, have the backgrounds change after a certain amount of time and whether or not you
want to have the same background on each workspace. If you decide to have a different
background for each workspace, uncheck the Apply to all workspaces box, pick a wallpaper
for the workspace you are on, then drag the window to another workspace and select a new
wallpaper for it there.

Now let's take a look at the Menu tab under Desktop Settings

Under Desktop Menu, it is asking if you want an applications menu to show up as a choice
when you right click on the desktop and whether you want that menu to show the icons for
the applications listed, or just their names.
Lastly, under the Icons tab you can change various settings regarding the icons on the
desktop - their size, whether to activate them with a single, or double click, etc. Under
Default Icons you can choose whether or not to show certain default icons on the desktop.
Installation of programmes
Voyager Software is a graphic user interface (GUI) tool to easily install and remove popular
software in Linux Lite. It is a convenient way to gather the most commonly used applications
together and present them to the user.
The applications listed in Voyager Software are not built-in with Voyager Linux. Your
computer must be connected to the internet in order to download and install these
applications. If the application you are looking for is not listed in Voyager Software, please
use Install/Remove Software (Synaptic Package Manager) to search for it and install it.
Installing some of the more widely popular programs on Linux Lite like Kodi, Skype and
Spotify is just a few simple steps on Voyager Linux.
Go to Menu, All, Software .

Select any application that user wants, for example Spotify. Then click install.
Authenticate

The application will start installing.

The user can launch the app after the installation finished.
Uninstallation
Removing Additional Software in Linux Lite is just a few simple steps.
Click on Menu, All, Software, and select which application the user wants to
uninstall. For example, Spotify.

Click remove, and a pop-up will confirm again whether the user really want to
uninstall.

Click remove, and authenticate using user password, and tje application will be
uninstalled.
System configuration

Linux cpu/hardware information

Use any one of the following command:

# less /proc/cpuinfo
OR
# lscpu

Linux show free and used memory in the system

Use any one of the following command:

# cat /proc/meminfo
OR
# free
# free -m
# free -mt
# free -gt
C++ program development using command line compilation

Use any one of the following syntax to compile the program called demo.c:

cc program-source-code.c -o executable-file-name

OR

gcc program-source-code.c -o executable-file-name

OR

## assuming that executable-file-name.c exists ##

make executable-file-name

In this example, compile demo.c, enter:

cc demo.c -o demo

OR

## assuming demo.c exists in the current directory ##

make demo

If there is no error in your code or C program then the compiler will successfully create an
executable file called demo in the current directory, otherwise you need fix the code. To
verify this, type:

$ ls -l demo*
How do I run or execute the program called demo on Linux?

Simply type the the program name:

$ ./demo

OR

$ /path/to/demo