2014-2023 Environment Analysis of India

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THE MODI DECADE - ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

Bhuvan A Jha

bhuvanstudyiq
FORESTS & THEIR PROTECTION

ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE

WILDLIFE CONSERVATION

NAMAMI GANGE PROGRAM

RIVER INTERLINKING

RENEWABLE ENERGY

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FORESTS & THEIR PROTECTION

- India State of Forest Report 2021


(Biennial, Forest Survey of India)

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FORESTS & THEIR PROTECTION

- Activists say that remote sensing data does


not tally with the figures cited in the government
reports.

- Also alleged that commercial plantations like


coffee and rubber have been included in the
category of forests.

- Underutilisation of CAMPA Funds ( 2,900


crore in 2009-’12 to around Rs 51,000 crore in
2019-’22)

- Forest Conservation Act 1980 proposed


amendment

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ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE

Between 2018 and 2022, the number of wildlife, forest, environment, and
coastal zone clearances increased 21 times, from 577 to 12,496.

Supreme Court the driver to entrench "environmental rule of law" into


India's environmental governance.

ESG Framework formalised through Business Responsibility &


Sustainability Report.

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ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE

Fast-paced clearances reduce the time for discussions on the


environmental impacts of projects and thereby lower environmental
safeguards.

India has been a bystander as the ESG (environmental, social and


governance) revolution swept through advanced economies and global
investment practices.

In March 2020, a draft Environment Impact Assessment notification


came under widespread criticism for allowing projects to operate without
prior environmental clearances and for diluting safeguards.

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WILDLIFE CONSERVATION

- Project Tiger completes 50 years, India’s conservation efforts a global example.

- The Return of the Cheetahs!

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WILDLIFE CONSERVATION

- Criticism of the Cheetah Reintroduction


Project

- Increased human-animal conflict

- Lack of recognition for Forest Guards

- Invasive Species

- Development vs Conservation debate

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NAMAMI GANGE PROGRAM

- Outlay of Rs 20,000 crore to clean and


rejuvenate the Ganga river.

- 193 sewerage infrastructure projects have


been taken up with a cost of over 30
thousand crore rupees.

- 254 projects out of 442 completed, focus of


policy on creation of sewage infrastructure
for untreated domestic and industrial
wastewater

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NAMAMI GANGE PROGRAM

- Significant Delays in Projects +


Underutilization of funds by certain states

- Limited impact: 71% of the monitoring


stations on the river reported alarming levels
of faecal coliform

- Open Defecation Free Villages- Sludge


Management Absent

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RIVER INTERLINKING

- Temporal + Spatial Distribution of water

- Ken-Betwa Link Project in Madhya Pradesh


is the 1st project

- Commercial importance - Inland waterways

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RIVER INTERLINKING

- Ken-Betwa Link Project may submerge


9,000 hectares of land, including the tiger
and vulture habitat of Panna Tiger Reserve

- Distortion in the existing environment due


to construction of canals and reservoirs

- What happens when Rivers change their


course?

- Displacement of communities including


PVTGs

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

- International Solar Alliance between 97


tropical countries with the aim of building a
transnational electricity grid to supply solar
power to 140 countries.

- India’s updated NDC target to reduce


emissions intensity of its GDP has been
enhanced to 45 percent by 2030

- India’s commitment to Renewables serious

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RENEWABLE ENERGY

- International Solar Alliance - only India and


France have made financial contributions to the
alliance.

- Under Paris Climate Agreement, India fell


short of renewables target : achieving 119
GW/ 175GW by Nov 2022.

- Climate Action Tracker (independent


research group) rates Indian efforts as ‘Highly
Insufficient’.

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[email protected]

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bhuvanstudyiq

[email protected]

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