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CellStructureSE Landonsmith

The document summarizes the key organelles found in animal, plant, and bacterial cells. It discusses their functions through questions and interactive diagrams. In animal cells, organelles like the mitochondria and ribosomes help cells live and function, while plant cells have chloroplasts for photosynthesis and a cell wall. Bacterial cells differ in lacking a nucleus and containing structures like flagella, pili, and capsules instead.

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Landon Smith
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83 views

CellStructureSE Landonsmith

The document summarizes the key organelles found in animal, plant, and bacterial cells. It discusses their functions through questions and interactive diagrams. In animal cells, organelles like the mitochondria and ribosomes help cells live and function, while plant cells have chloroplasts for photosynthesis and a cell wall. Bacterial cells differ in lacking a nucleus and containing structures like flagella, pili, and capsules instead.

Uploaded by

Landon Smith
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Name LANDON W SMITH Date: 11/27/2023

Student Exploration: Cell Structure

Vocabulary: cell membrane, cell wall, capsule, centriole, chloroplast, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton,
endoplasmic reticulum, flagellum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nucleoid, nuclear
membrane, nucleolus, nucleus, organelle, pilus, plasmid, plastid, ribosome, vacuole, vesicle

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

1. What do you think are some of the structures inside a cell that help it to live and perform its

role in an organism?

Mitochondrion, Ribosomes

2. How do you think plant cells differ from animal cells? (Hint: What can plants do that animals

cannot?)

They have a cell wall and they have Chloroplast, which converts radiant energy tochemical

energy

Gizmo Warm-up
The Cell Structure Gizmo allows you to look at typical
animal, plant, and bacterial cells under a microscope.
On the ANIMAL CELL tab, click Sample to take a
sample of an animal cell. On the dropdown menu,
select Centriole.

1. Find the centrioles (Highlighted in green). Make a


sketch of the centrioles in the space below.

2. Read the description of the centrioles. What is their function?


They organize the movement of cells during cell division

2018
Get the Gizmo ready:
Activity A:
 Check that an Animal cell is mounted on the
Animal cells
microscope.

Question: Organelles are specialized structures that perform various functions in the
cell. What are the functions of the organelles in an animal cell?

1. Label: Locate each organelle in the animal cell. You can choose organelles from the
dropdown menu or click on them directly. Label the organelles in the diagram below.

Cell
Centriole
membrane
Lysosome Nuclear Membrane

Vacuole Nucleolus

Ribosome Nucleus

Vesicle Endoplasmic Reticulum

Mitochondrion Golgi Apparatus

Cytoskeleton Vesicle

2. Match: Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its function/description.

H Cytoplasm A. Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes.


E Lysosome B. Stack of membranes that packages chemicals.
F Mitochondria C. Membrane that surrounds and protects the nucleus.
A Centriole D. Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell.
G Endoplasmic reticulum E. Sac filled with digestive chemicals.
M Vacuole F. Structures that convert nutrients to energy.
D Cell membrane G. Passageways where chemicals are made.
J Nucleus H. Everything between the nuclear membrane and the
cell membrane.
N Cytoskeleton
I. Structure that manufactures ribosomes.
L Ribosome
J. Structure that contains DNA and regulates genes.
C Nuclear membrane
K. Package created by the Golgi apparatus.
B Golgi apparatus
L. Small structure that synthesizes proteins.
K Vesicle
M. Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products.
I Nucleolus
N. Tubules and filaments that give the cell its shape.
(Activity A continued on next page)

2018
Activity A (continued from previous page)

3. Investigate: Select the Cell membrane. Turn on Show closeup. Read the description,
watch the animation, and answer the following questions below.

A. What kind of molecules can diffuse (go through) the cell membrane directly?

Small, Uncharged Particles

B. How can some large molecules and charged ions get through the cell membrane?

They get through thanks to special transport proteins.

4. Investigate: Select the Nuclear membrane closeup. How is the nuclear membrane similar

to the cell membrane?

It only allows small molecules through

5. Investigate: Select the Mitochondrion closeup. What happens inside the mitochondrion?

Glucose is broken down into small water and energy

6. Investigate: Select the Ribosome closeup. How does the cell make proteins inside the

ribosome?

amino acids are bound together to create a long chain which then folds to make a new

protein

7. Investigate: Select the Vesicle closeup. How do vesicles move through the cell?

They are pulled along the cytoskeleton by a protein called kinesin.

2018
Activity B: Get the Gizmo ready:
Plant cells  Select the PLANT CELL tab, and click Sample.

Question: What functions do the organelles in a plant cell perform?

1. Label: Locate each organelle in the plant cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.

Chloroplasts Plastid

Nuclear Membrane
Mitochondrion
Nucleolus
Cytoskeleton
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Ribosomes
Cell wall
Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Apparatus Cytoplasm

Vacuole Vesicle

2. Compare: What structures are present in an animal cell, but not in a plant cell?

The animals have centrioles and lysosomes, while the plants don’t.

What structures are present in a plant cell, but not in an animal cell?

A cell wall

3. Fill in: Name the organelle or organelles that perform each of the following functions.

A. Photosynthesis convert convert sunlight to chemical energy.

B. The Cell wall, the Cell Membrane, and the Cytoskeleton support the plant cell and

help it to maintain its shape.

C. Vacuoles store food or pigments.

D. Mitochondrion convert convert food into energy. They are found in plant and animal

cells.

2018
Get the Gizmo ready:
Activity C:
 Select the BACTERIAL CELL tab and click
Bacterial cells
Sample.

Question: How are bacterial cells different from plant and animal cells?

1. Label: Locate each organelle in the bacterial cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.

Capsule Flagellum

Cel Wall Cytoskeleton

Cell Membrane Ribosomes

Nucleoid Pilus

Plaasmid Cytoplasm

2. Match: Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its function/description.

D Capsule A. Hair-like structure that the cell uses for movement.


C Nucleoid B. Hair-like structure that attaches the cell to a surface and can
transfer genetic material from one cell to another.
E Plasmid C. Region inside cell that contains genetic material but is not
A Flagellum surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
D. Outermost layer of the cell that provides protection.
B Pilus
E. Circular piece of genetic material.

3. Compare: What structures are present in a bacterial cell, but not in a plant or animal cell?

Flagellum, Pilus, Capsule.

What structures are present in plant and animal cells, but not in a bacterial cell?

Nucleus, Nucleolus, and a Nuclear membrane.

What structures inside plant and animal cells look like bacteria?
The mitochondria and chloroplasts

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