Worksheets 12 - 14 April

Worksheets 12 – 14 April

Activity 1
Activity 2
QUESTION 1

Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.

Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A to D) next to the
question number (1.1 to 1.4) in your ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.5 D.
1.1 The immediate ancestors of birds are…
A. reptiles.
B. mammals.
C. fish.
D. Amphibians.
1.2 Modern Humans first appeared on Earth between. . .
A. 5000 and 10 000 years ago.

B. 300 000 and 600 000 years ago.
C. 50 000 and 100 000 years ago.
D. 4 and 5 Million years ago.
1.3 The person that studies fossils is called. . .
A. an archaeologist.
B. a radiologist.
C. a paleontologist.
D. an anthropologist.
1.4 A period in the earth’s history where global temperatures plummet and there
is extensive glaciation is known as. . .
A. the greenhouse effect.

B. a cold spell.
C. a hole in the ozone.
D. an ice age. (2x4=8)
QUESTION 2
Give the correct biological term for each of the following description. Write only the
term next to the question number (2.1 to 2.3) in your ANSWER BOOK.
2.1 The movement of land masses during the history of the Earth.
2.2 Large reptiles that became extinct about 65 million years ago.
2.3 A transition fossil that has both reptile and bird features. (3)
QUESTION 3
Indicate whether each of the statements in COLUMN I applies to A ONLY, B ONLY,

BOTH A AND B or NONE of the items in COLUMN II. Write A only, B only, both A
and B, or none next to the question number (3.1 to 3.3) in the ANSWER BOOK.
COLUMN I COLUMN II
3.1 The most recent eon A. Archaen
B. Phanerozoic
3.2 Used to estimate the age of a fossil A. Relative Dating
B. Radiometric dating
3.3 Hard bodied animals that had shells A. Brachiopods
B. Arthropods.
(3 x 2 = (6)
QUESTION 4
Life first appeared on Earth approximately 3.5 billion years ago.

The diagram below shows the geological timeline with some major events
indicated by the letters and numbers.
4.1 Choose the letter from the timeline that best corresponds to the
appearance of the following life forms on Earth:
(i) Prokaryotes
(ii) First modern birds
(iii) Fish with jaws
(iv) Early tetrapods (4)
4.2 Multicellular life appeared about 1 billion years ago. Name the eon
that corresponds to this. (1)
4.3 At which number, 1 or 2, would eukaryotes have appeared?
Explain your choice. (3)
4.4 During the period between 543 MYA and 488 MYA, an important
evolutionary event occurred, which is evidenced in the fossil record.
(i) What do biologists call this evolutionary event and why is it

named such?
(3)
(ii) What climatic factor is believed to have contributed to this
event? (1)
4.5 Life on Earth has experienced several mass extinctions over the
course of time.
(i) Name the period during which the greatest mass extinction of life
had occurred?
(1)
(ii) Identify the cause of this extinction.
(1)
4.6 “The start of Cenozoic era marked the dawn of the age of mammals.”
(i) What do you understand this statement to mean? (2)

(ii) Discuss TWO reasons to explain this statement. (4)
[TOTAL: 40
Memo
Act 1
Question 1
1. The division of the history of the earth into smaller
units based on the major geology / rock formations
that happened in that time. [2]
2. It makes it easier to understand the vast time
intervals that have occurred in the past. [2]
3. million years ago [1]
4. 3 800 mya [2]
5. a) 500 mya [2]
b) Plants photosynthesize so they add oxygen to the
atmosphere, which is necessary for cellular
respiration of all organisms. The atmospheric oxygen
also created the ozone layer, which protects
terrestrial organisms from radiation damage, so
plants had to produce sufficient oxygen + ozone
before other organisms could move to land. [2]
6. Devonian [1]
7. Tertiary + Quaternary [2]
8. 250mya – 65may = 185 million years [3]
Act 2
QUESTION 1
1.1 A 
1.2 C 
1.3 C 
1.4 D  (8)
QUESTION 2
2.1 Continental Drift 
2.2 Dinosaurs 
2.3 Archaeopteryx  (6)
QUESTION 3
3.1 B only 
3.2 B only 
3.3 A only  (6)
QUESTION 4
4.1 (i) E  (1)
(ii) A (1)
(iii) D (1)
(iv) C  (1)
4.2 Proterozoic  (1)
4.3 2  All multicellular life is eukaryotic,  so eukaryotes would have
to had evolved before  multicellular life did approximately 1 000
mya. (3)
4.4 (i) Cambrian explosion / accept BIOLOGICAL Big Bang 
A large diversity  of life forms appeared in a relatively short 
period of time. (3)
(ii) Increase in level of oxygen in the atmosphere  or warmer
climate. (1)
4.5 (i) Permian  (1)
(ii) Sustained volcanic eruptions  (1)
4.6 (i) Number of mammal species increased from the start of the
Cenozoic era  (2)
(ii) Mass extinction of dinosaurs  occurred at the end of the
Cretaceous period so there were fewer predators  that preyed
on mammals
Death of dinosaurs meant that open ecological niches  existed
and there was less competition  for resources.
(4)
[TOTAL: 40]

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Worksheets 12 – 14 April

Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.

1.1 The immediate ancestors of birds are…

1.2 Modern Humans first appeared on Earth between. . .

A. 5000 and 10 000 years ago.

1.3 The person that studies fossils is called. . .

A. the greenhouse effect.

Indicate whether each of the statements in COLUMN I applies to A ONLY, B ONLY,

Life first appeared on Earth approximately 3.5 billion years ago.

(i) What do biologists call this evolutionary event and why is it

(i) What do you understand this statement to mean? (2)

units based on the major geology / rock formations

that happened in that time. [2]

2. It makes it easier to understand the vast time

intervals that have occurred in the past. [2]

3. million years ago [1]

4. 3 800 mya [2]

5. a) 500 mya [2]

b) Plants photosynthesize so they add oxygen to the

atmosphere, which is necessary for cellular

respiration of all organisms. The atmospheric oxygen

also created the ozone layer, which protects

terrestrial organisms from radiation damage, so

plants had to produce sufficient oxygen + ozone

before other organisms could move to land. [2]

7. Tertiary + Quaternary [2]

8. 250mya – 65may = 185 million years [3]

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