Republic of the Philippines

BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY

Clarin Campus
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Mission: BISU is committed to provide quality higher education in the arts and sciences, as well as in the professional and technological fields; undertake
research and development, and extension services for the sustainable development of Bohol and the country.

Name: MARK LOUISE C. CAMBANGAY Date: MARCH 19, 2023

Subject: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY
Course: BTLED HE 2A
Instructor: DARWIN NAQUILA

ACTIVITY NO.2

Research the following intellectual revolutionists and explain their definitions of society,
science and technology.

1. Copernican
- - The Copernican Revolution in science involved a paradigm shift from the
idea that the Earth served as the stationary "center of the universe" and that
the Sun revolved around it to the idea that Earth is one of several planets that
orbit the Sun.
- In society, compared to the geocentric hypothesis, it is an improvement. If
you continue on that trajectory and learn more about gravity, you will be able
to develop weather satellites, GPS satellites, precise maps of the Earth,
studies of the atmosphere, communication satellites, and more in a few
hundred years.
- In terms of technology, we have a key conceptual foundation for
comprehending the universe thanks to the Copernican Revolution. We don't
hold a unique or privileged position in the universe.
2. Darwinian
- In Science and technology, because he first made people aware of
their participation in the evolutionary process when the most powerful
and intellectual form of life discovered how humans had evolved,
Charles Darwin is a crucial figure in the development of scientific and
humanist beliefs. Darwin first proposed the theory of evolution by
natural selection in On the Origin of Species, which was published in
1859. His hypothesis is still widely regarded as the greatest
explanation currently available for how life on this planet developed.

- In society, the evolution of Darwinism transformed human thought

while revealing the reality of the Earth and life. Prior to this, there was a
widespread belief in the western world that God created life and that
humans were constructed in his likeness. The finding of evolution in
both humans and other organisms has demonstrated that humans are
not genuinely descended from apes, despite intense initial opposition
to this theory.

3. Freudian

- In Society, is often a key and influential component in views about

human nature and society. Freud thought he had found a scientific way
to understand what drives human behavior and supersedes reason.
Freud made the claim that our central thought processes are
unconscious on the basis of what he learned from his patients
employing this technique. This has the effect of making reason
unreliable. The truth is that when we make a justification for what we
do, we are generally making it up.
- In Science, the unconscious mind is significant, as stressed by
Sigmund Freud, and the unconscious mind controls behavior to a
greater extent than is generally believed. Making the unconscious
conscious is, in fact, psychoanalysis's main objective.
- In technology, Freud roundly states here that scientific knowledge (i.e.,
technological science) increases human power and helps humans
adjust their mutual relations. Unlike religion, it also affords humans a
sense of security, not based on wish-fulfillment.

4. Information

- In Society, controlling society and influencing public opinion is

achievable when specific information is known. And a society in which
the production, transfer, consumption, incorporation, and manipulation
of information constitute a salient economic, political, and cultural
activity.
- Information science, on which the Information Science and Technology
program is based, is the study of the organization, storage, retrieval,
dissemination, and use of information. Information technology (IT) is
the collection of tools that make it possible to access and use
information.
- Information science is that discipline that investigates the properties
and behavior of information, the forces governing the flow of
information, and the means of processing information for optimum
accessibility and usability.

5. Meso-American

- In Society, Mesoamerica evolved from small hunter-gatherer societies

that relied on agriculture to supplement their diets to a complex society
with established sovereignties, a ritualistic religion that coexisted with
political influences, a boom in technology, and specialization in a
variety of occupations due to the abundance of resources from
intensive agriculture. Technology for cultivating various crops has been
developed.By creating complex cities with common tools and
machinery, as well as creating hydraulic systems with sophisticated
rivers to supply water to various villages.
- In Science, these people are well renowned for their astronomy-related
work. Their temples and other sacred buildings reflected their
sophisticated astronomical knowledge. This enables people to observe
the stars from their shrine. Mayan knowledge and understanding about
celestial bodies was advanced for their time, as evidenced by their
knowledge of predicting eclipse and using astrological cycles in
planting and harvesting.
- In Technology, Technology for cultivating various crops has been
developed.By creating complex cities with common tools and
machinery, as well as creating hydraulic systems with sophisticated
rivers to supply water to various villages.They used what they could
find and made durable and simple houses and foods. Another
advancement made was the creation of weaponry.

6. Asian

- In Society, The Asia Society is dedicated to identifying future pathways

for Asia and the world which enhance peace, prosperity, freedom,
equality, and sustainability. We provide a platform for dialogue and
encourage a diversity of views as we try to find the most effective ways
forward.

- In Science and technology in Asia are varied depending on the country

and time. In the past, among Asian civilizations considered particularly
notable for their contributions to science and technology
were India, China and the West Asian civilizations. Countries such
as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are recently known for technology,
while China and India are also major contributors to science and
technology. Other countries are also notable in other scientific fields
such as chemical and physical achievements. For the science and
technology of various Asian countries and civilizations.

NOTE: My ANSWER is based on MY RESEARCH.

7. Middle East Africa

- In Society, The Middle East is the birthplace of Christianity, Islam, and

Judaism and is a region of immense diversity. While Arabs compose
the majority of the Middle East's population, the region is also home to
Berbers, Kurds, Jews, Persians, Turks, and a vast array of other ethnic
and religious minorities.

- Science and technology enhance the capabilities of states and

societies to obtain and transform resources necessary for their
development and advancement. Muslim rulers promoted the
translation of Greek philosophy and science texts, and then
encouraged further scientific exploration in numerous fields, among
them mathematics, astronomy, medicine, pharmacology, optics,
chemistry, botany, philosophy, and physics