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    Analytical Chemistry Report 3

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    The document describes an experiment involving the titration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) with a mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The purpose is to estimate the concentration of each base in the mixture. The procedure involves titrating an aliquot of the base mixture with HCl using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators to track the endpoints. Calculations and a discussion section address reactions between the acids and bases and how to determine the standardization of HCl.

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    Analytical Chemistry Report 3

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    sciencetopic4
    33 views6 pages
    The document describes an experiment involving the titration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) with a mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The purpose is to estimate the concentration of each base in the mixture. The procedure involves titrating an aliquot of the base mixture with HCl using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators to track the endpoints. Calculations and a discussion section address reactions between the acids and bases and how to determine the standardization of HCl.

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    The document describes an experiment involving the titration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) with a mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The purpose is to estimate the concentration of each base in the mixture. The procedure involves titrating an aliquot of the base mixture with HCl using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators to track the endpoints. Calculations and a discussion section address reactions between the acids and bases and how to determine the standardization of HCl.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views6 pages

    Analytical Chemistry Report 3

    Uploaded by

    sciencetopic4
    The document describes an experiment involving the titration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) with a mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The purpose is to estimate the concentration of each base in the mixture. The procedure involves titrating an aliquot of the base mixture with HCl using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators to track the endpoints. Calculations and a discussion section address reactions between the acids and bases and how to determine the standardization of HCl.

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    Practical Analytical Chemistry

    Acid – Base Titration


    1Stage– ‫شروحات كلية الصيدلة‬

    Titration HCL with NaOH + Na2CO3


    Date and time of the experiment :- Sunday 0-0-0000 – 00:00 am.

    Report submitted by students of the group


    Supervised by :

    THE NAMES OF THE PARTICIPATING STUDENTS :-


    1-
    2-
    3-
    4-
    5-
    The purpose of the experiment :-
    Purpose the experiment is to estimate the c base concentration of
    each in the mixture.

    Materials and tools experiment :-


    1- Acid (HCL) .
    2- Base (NaOH + Na2Co3) .
    3- Funnel .
    4- Ring Stand .
    5- Pipette .
    6- Distilled Water .
    7- Graduated .
    8- Cylinder .
    9- Conical flask .
    10- Volumetric flask .
    11- Clamps .
    12- Burette .
    13- Phenolphthaleint and Methyl orange(indicator).
    Procedure :-
    1- Take a burette and wash it by distilled water (D.W) .
    2- Fill the burette with HCl by using funnel .
    3- In conical flask , take 10 mL from the mixture of NaOH .
    4- Add a few drops of ph.ph indicator . the solution will be pink
    color .
    5- Start a titration carefully with HCl until the color of solution
    changes to colorless . Record the volume of HCl V1 .
    6- To the same solution in the conical flask add a few drop of
    Methyl Orange (M.O) and the solution will be yellow color .
    7- Continue the titration with the same HCl solution until the color
    of solution changes from yellow to pink color. Record the
    volume V2 .
    8- Repeat the steps 3,4,5,6,7 three times and calculate the
    average.
    ‫حسابات التجربة‬
    Na2Co3 + NaOH ‫ مع‬HCL ‫بعض اسئلة المناقشة لموضوع تسحيح‬

    )‫ ضعيفة‬+ ‫)تسحيح حامض قوي مع قاعدة قوية‬

    What happens when you added HCl to the Na2CO3?


    When solutions of sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid are mixed, the equation for
    the hypothetical double displacement reaction is: Na2CO3 + 2 HCl → 2 NaCl + H2CO3
    Bubbles of a colorless gas are evolved when these solutions are mixed.

    What happens when NaOH reacts with Na2CO3?


    Na2CO3 + NaOH = No visible reaction as both bases have common Na+ ion.

    When Na2CO3 solution is titrated against HCl solution the indicator used is?
    Theory. Hydrochloric acid solution may be titrated against sodium carbonate
    solution using methyl orange indicator. When weak base is titrated with a strong
    acid solution is slightly acidic at end point.

    How do you calculate the standardization of HCl?


    Pipette 25.00mL of HCl(aq) into a 125mL Ehrlenmeyer flask and add two drops of
    phenolphthalein indicator. Titrate this solution with NaOH(aq) to the
    endpoint. Calculate the concentration of the HCl(aq) stock. Repeat this titration until
    your average result has an error that you consider acceptable.

    What type of reaction is NaOH HCl?


    neutralization reaction

    This reaction involve an acid (HCl) reacting with a base (NaOH), producing a salt (NaCl)
    and water. Therefore it's a neutralization reaction.

    What is the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?


    A salt is a neutral ionic compound. Let's see how a neutralization reaction produces
    both water and a salt, using as an example the reaction between solutions of
    hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. The overall equation for this reaction is:
    NaOH + HCl → H2O and NaCl.
    What is the net ionic equation for the reaction between HCl and NaHCO3?
    Question: The total molecular equation for sodium hydrogen carbonate reacting
    with hydrochloric acid to form sodium chloride , water and carbon dioxide:

    NaHCO3 (aq) + HCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g).

    Why do Na2CO3 and NaOH not react?


    The salt sodium bicarbonate is a acidic salt formed by the dibasic acid carbonic
    acid. Sodium hydroxide is basic in nature. Therefore, the solution of the two is
    incompatible in nature.

    Why is NaOH not used to prepare a standard solution?


    Sodium hydroxide cannot be used to prepare a primary standard titration
    solution because the compound is not available in high purity. The most common
    impurity is water because sodium hydroxide is hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs water
    from the air.

    Why is HCl a secondary standard?


    Secondary Standard Solutions
    Because the accurate concentration of acid has been derived using a primary standard,
    the acid is referred to as a secondary standard.

    What would happen when you mix hydrochloric acid HCl with sodium
    hydroxide NaOH )?
    Hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride (the salt) and
    water. Sodium chloride is made up of Na+ cations from the base (NaOH) and Cl- anions
    from the acid (HCl).

    What ions are in Na2CO3?


    2 sodium ions (Na+) and 1 carbonate ion (CO32−) will combine to form Na2CO3.
    What is the reaction of Na2CO3?
    Reactions with Sodium carbonate Na2CO3:

    Na2CO3 = Na2O + CO2 (1000° С). Na2CO3-10H2O = Na2CO3 + 10H2O (100-120° С,


    vacuum). CO32- + H2O ↔ HCO3- + ОН-. Na2CO3 + 2 НСl (diluted) = 2NaCl + CO2↑ +
    H2O.

    Is Na2CO3 soluble in water?


    CaCO3 (NH4)2CO3 , Na2CO3 and K2CO3 all these 3 salts are soluble in water.

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