Name: ______________________________

Class: ___________________________

Sydney Boys
High School

2019
YEAR 11 YEARLY
EXAMINATION

Physics
General Instructions
Total marks – 75
• Reading time – 5 minutes
• Working time – 2 hours
• Write using black or blue pen
• Draw diagrams using pencil
• Approved calculators may be
used
This paper has two parts, Part A and Part B
• Write your name and class in
the space provided Part A – 20 marks
• Attempt Questions 1-20
• Choose your answers carefully, • Allow about 35 minutes for this part
no other paper will be provided
Part B – 55 marks
• Attempt Questions 21-36
• Allow about 1 hour and 25 minutes for this part

1
Section I – 20 marks

Attempt Questions 1-20

Allow about 35 minutes for this section

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet.

Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval
completely.

Sample: 2+4= (A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9

A B C D

If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in the new
answer.

A B C D

If you change your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct answer, then
indicate the correct answer by writing the word correct and drawing an arrow as follows.

A B C D

correct

2
1. A pipe that is open at one end can produce a range of standing wave vibrations in the air
space inside the pipe.
The longest wavelength (called the fundamental vibration) will have a wavelength of:

L
(A) L/2
(B) L
(C) 2L
(D) 4L

2. A drone is flown 500 m to the east. It turns to the south and flies for 300 m before turning
north, flying for 800 m and landing again.

The drone’s displacement vector is best represented by:

3
3. A smooth block with a mass of 2kg is placed on a smooth 30o slope with negligible friction.
The block will most likely:

(A) remain stationary.

(B) travel down the slope at a constant velocity.

30˚
(C) travel down the slope with a constant acceleration .

(D) travel down the slope with increasing acceleration.

4. A car moving down a straight road has its motion analysed and plotted on a graph, shown
below.

Which description most accurately describes the car’s motion during the times T, U, V, W,
X and Y?

T U V W X Y
positive zero negative negative negative
(A) stopped
acceleration acceleration acceleration acceleration velocity
positive negative negative negative
(B) stopped stopped
acceleration acceleration velocity velocity
positive negative negative positive
(C) stopped stopped
velocity velocity velocity velocity
positive zero negative negative negative
(D) stopped
velocity acceleration velocity velocity velocity

4
5. A mechanical wave travelling on a long spring is found to have a period of 0.5 seconds and a
wavelength of 3 metres. Which of the following is a correct statement about the wave?

(A) It has a speed of 6 ms-1.

(B) It has a speed of 2 ms-1.

(C) It has a speed of 1.5 ms-1.

(D) Its speed cannot be determined from the data provided.

6. A current, I, flows through the coils of a solenoid with N turns and length L.

A student wishes to double the magnetic field produced near the ends of this solenoid.
Which combination of changes would achieve this result?

Change to I Change to N Change to L

(A) no change no change double
(B) double double no change
(C) no change double halve
(D) double double double

7. A plane can fly through still air at 300 km h-1. It wishes to fly directly north over the ground
but a crosswind of 100 km h-1 is blowing from the east.

In which direction must the pilot head the plane so that its course is directly north?

(A) N19.5°E
(B) N19.5°W
(C) N18.4°E
(D) N18.4°W

5
8. A car is moving along a straight road at a constant 15 m s-1. The car then begins to
accelerate for 6.0 s. The car’s acceleration versus time is recorded on the axes below.

The speed of the car after it has accelerated for 6 seconds is closest to:

(A) 19 m s-1
(B) 21 m s-1
(C) 27 m s-1
(D) 39 m s-1

9. Before starting a game, squash players must hit the small hollow rubber ball against the wall a
number of times in order to heat the ball and cause the gas inside it to expand. Only then will
the ball bounce properly.

Which statement best explains this?

(A) When the ball rebounds off the wall, some of its momentum is transformed into heat
energy.

(B) When the ball hits the wall, some of its kinetic energy is transformed into heat
energy.

(C) When the ball flies through the air, the air friction causes it to gain heat energy.

(D) When the ball hits the wall, the sound it makes is transformed into heat energy.

6
10. A box with mass m is being dragged along a surface by a rope with a tension of 50N, as
shown.

The acceleration of the box can be expressed as:

50sin 35°
(A)
m

50 cos 35°
(B)
m

m
(C)
50 cos 35°

(D) 50m x cos35°

11. A white ball with mass m and an initial speed u collides with a stationary black ball, also
with mass m. After the collision, the black ball moves off with a speed v.

This collision is known to be elastic.

What is the speed of the white ball after the collision?

(A) zero

(B) u

(C) v

(D) v/2

7
12. Consider the resistors in the following diagram:

20 Ω
20 Ω
20 Ω

To have an equivalent resistance, the above arrangement of resistors could be replaced by a single
resistor with a value of:

(A) 20 Ω
(B) 30 Ω
(C) 40 Ω
(D) 60 Ω.

13. As it enters a second medium, m2, a wave refracts as shown in the diagram.

Which statement can be made about the wave as it enters medium m2?

(A) Its frequency increases.

(B) Its frequency decreases.
(C) The wavelength increases.
(D) The wavelength decreases.

8
14. An electron has a force of 6.4 x 10-13 N acting on it in a westerly direction.

Which arrangement could produce this force? N

9
15. A crane has an electric motor with a power rating of 5.0 kW, which is 80% efficient at
lifting loads vertically.

What is the maximum speed at which the crane can lift a 200 kg load?

(A) 19.6 m s-1

(B) 40 m s-1
(C) 2.6 m s-1
(D) 2.0 m s-1

16. A box with mass m is sliding on a horizontal surface. It is decelerating at a constant

2.0 m s-2, as shown.

The coefficient of kinetic friction, μ, is closest to:

(A) 19.6
(B) 2.0
(C) 0.20
(D) 0.10

17. Which of the following correctly identifies the magnetic field direction at the point M
directly above the current carrying conductor?

(A)

(B) M

(C) X I

(D) ●

10
18. Each of the diagrams below represent a solenoid. The numbers of windings, lengths and
diameters for the solenoids are not all the same. In which solenoid would the magnetic field
strength be the greatest when a current of 1 Ampere is flowing through its coils?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

19. The intensity of light coming from a point source as the distance from the source was varied
was plotted on a set of axes, as shown.

Relative intensity vs distance

relative intensity

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2

distance (m)

At which distance would it be expected that the intensity will be 1/200th that at a distance of
1 m?

(A) 2m
(B) 14 m
(C) 20 m
(D) 200 m

11
20. A 100 mL sample of a liquid substance was heated at a constant rate. The sample of this
substance has a mass of 200 g. The specific heat capacity of the substance, c, is 0.40 JK-1g-1.

The heating curve obtained is shown below.

Temperature vs time
55

50

45
Temperature (°C)

40

35

30

25

20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time (minutes)

The latent heat absorbed by the sample when it vaporises is closest to:

(A) 24 J
(B) 320 J
(C) 640 J
(D) 1.5 kJ

12
Part B 55 marks
Attempt Questions 21 – 34

Allow about 1 hour and 25 minutes for this part

Answer the questions in the spaces provided.

Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations.

Marks
Question 21 (6 marks)

Describe a procedure for a practical investigation that could find the acceleration of a 6
dropped steel ball. Include all measurements that need to be recorded and what
calculations would need to be performed to find the acceleration. Identify any sources of
error in the investigation.

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13
Question 22 (6 marks) Marks

A small plane is flying with a constant ground speed of 200 km h-1 due north.
There is a constant cross wind of 50 km h-1 blowing from the west.

(a) Draw a scaled vector diagram to show the plane’s air speed and direction and state the values 1
of this speed and direction.

(b) Calculate how long it will take the plane to travel to its destination, 1000 km north from its 1
starting point.
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(c) On arrival at its destination, the wind changes to a constant breeze of 20 km h-1 from the
north. 2
Calculate the time taken for the return journey of 1000 km, if the pilot flies the plane directly
south with a constant air speed of 200 km h-1

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(d) Determine the average acceleration of the plane when it lands if it touches down with a 2
ground speed of 50 ms-1 and takes 400 m to stop

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14
Question 23 (4 marks) Marks

A box is resting motionless on an inclined plane, as shown.

2
(a) On the diagram, show all the forces acting on the box as labelled vectors.

(b) The inclined plane is now slowly tilted more until the box just begins to slide.
2
Explain why the box begins to accelerate down the plane.

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15
Question 24 (4 marks) Marks

The net force acting on a 1400 kg vehicle is shown in the graph below.

Force vs time
2500

2000
Force (N)

1500

1000

500

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
time (s)

(a) Find the total impulse acting on the vehicle during the 26 second duration. 2

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(b) Assuming the vehicle started from rest, what is its final speed? 2

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16
Question 25 (6 marks) Marks

This question is about what happens when a light beam enters a glass prism with a refractive
index (RI) =1.55.

(a) What will happen to the speed of the light as it enters the prism? 1

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(b) Determine the wavelength of red light with a frequency of 4.3 x 1014 Hz while it is inside 1
the glass prism.

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(c) If the beam strikes the edge of the prism at 25o as shown below, calculate the angle of 2
refraction for the beam of red light and draw a line on the diagram to show the path of the
beam as it travels into the prism.

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d) Define the term critical angle and calculate the critical angle for the glass/air interface
for the prism. 2

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17
Question 26 (4 marks) Marks

(a) When an ambulance with its siren blaring passes an observer, the Doppler effect is 2
observed. This effect is not perceived with the light from a car’s headlight as it passes
by. Explain why this is so.

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(b) Calculate the observed frequency when an ambulance moving at 30 m s-1 towards a 2
stationary observer emits a sound with a frequency of 400 Hz.

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Question 27 (3 marks)

Explain how Kirchoff’s voltage law relates to the conservation of energy. 3

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18
Question 28 (5 marks) Marks

An electric heating coil is connected to a 12V power source and draws a constant current of
3.0A. It is immersed into an insulated container with 250 mL water, originally at 15.0 °C.

(a) Calculate how many joules of heat energy are being added to the water
every second. Assume all energy transformations are 100% efficient. 3

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(b) Find the time it takes to heat the water to 30.0°C 2

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19
Question 29 (5 marks) Marks

Three identical 144 W globes are to be placed into a 231 V circuit.

(a) Determine the difference in total energy usage over 1 hr if they are placed in series or in 3
parallel.

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(b) How many globes can be placed in the same circuit in parallel before the 8A limit on the 2
wire is exceeded?

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Question 30 (2 marks)

Calculate the magnitude of the magnetic field inside the solenoid shown below. 2

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20
Question 31 (4 marks) Marks

A small light globe has the potential difference across it and the current flowing through it
measured as the voltage of the power source is varied.

The results are plotted on the axes shown below.

Current vs potential difference

14

12

10
Current (A)

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Potential difference (V)

2
(a) State whether this globe is an ohmic or a non-ohmic resistance and give your reasons.

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2
(b) What is the value of the globe’s resistance when a potential difference of 4.0 V is
applied?

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21
Question 32 (6 marks) Marks

(a) The diagram below represents parallel electric plates. Draw lines on the diagram, to 2
show the nature of the electric field between the plates.

+40V
5cm

0V

(b) If the distance between the plates, is 5 cm, calculate the magnitude of the electric field 1
between the plates.

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(c) Calculate the direction and magnitude of the acceleration of a particle with mass 3
2.7 x 10-20 kg and a charge, q = +160.2 x 10-19 C, placed in the field, 2 cm above the
bottom plate.

+40V
5cm
q
2cm
0V

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22
2019 Physics Year 11 Yearly Examination.

Marking Guidelines and Model Answers.

Section I Multiple Choice

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
D D C A A D A C B B A B D A D C D A B C

Section II
21
Marking Criteria Marks
 States to measure time and height
 States how to measure time and height
 Uses appropriate method to correctly find a
 1st source of error 1 mark per tick
 2nd source or error
 Addresses reliability (either repetition with consistency or refers to plotting
graph and data points)

e.g. A vertical height of 2.0 m above the ground is measured with metre rulers.
A steel ball is dropped from the 2.0m height, making sure the ball is dropped from rest.
The time taken for the ball to fall is measured using a stopwatch by several people (or electronic
timing gate is used)
The ball is dropped 4 more times and the average of the times taken calculated.
The acceleration of the ball is calculated using s = ut + 1/2at2 with u=0, s=2.0m
Sources of error include timing (human error) or the ball not being dropped exactly from rest or
the ball not being dropped from an exact height of 2.0 m measured from bottom of the ball.

22 (a)
Criteria Marks
• Correct vector diagram drawn to scale showing the plane’s air speed and direction (206km/h 1
14o west of north)
•
Sample answer 50

200
206 14o

22 (b)
Criteria Mark
• Calculates the correct time 1

Sample answer
t = s/v = 1000/200 = 5 hrs

1
22 (c)
Criteria Marks
• Determines the relative ground speed and correctly determines the time taken 2
• Calculates time is distance / velocity 1

Sample answer

Relative ground speed = 200 + 20 = 220 km/h

Time = distance/speed = 1000/220 = 4.55 hours (4 hours 33 minutes)

22 (d)
Criteria Marks
• Correctly determines the magnitude and direction of the acceleration 2
• Determines the magnitude but fails to recognise it as being negative 1

Sample answer
v2-u2 = 2as
Hence a = v2-u2/2s = 0 – 502/2x400 = -3.1 ms-2

23.a.
Marking Criteria Marks
• All forces labelled correctly 2
• 1 force incorrect 1
• 2 or more forces incorrect 0

23.b.
Marking Criteria Marks
• Thorough explanation provided 2
• Incomplete explanation provided 1

Before sliding, the box is being prevented from moving by static friction between it and the surface of the inclined
plane. As the ramp is tilted, the component of the force of gravity acting down the slope exceeds the static friction
force, so the box begins to accelerate down the ramp. Once it begins to move, the friction becomes dynamic
friction, which is less than static friction so the net force on the box down the incline increases, resulting in
continued acceleration of the box.

24.a.
Marking Criteria Marks
• Impulse found correctly with correct unit 2
• Correct method attempted for finding impulse but error or errors made 1

I = area under the F vs t graph = 6000+2000+4000+8000+8000=28000 N s = 28 kN s

2
24.b.
Marking Criteria Marks
• Correct answer provided 2
• Calculation attempted using appropriate formula 1

I = Δp = mΔv where Δv = vf - vi
28 x103 = 1400 x Δv
Δv = 28 x103/1400
= 20 m s-1

25 (a)
Criteria Mark
• Identifies that the light will slow down 1

Sample answer
The light’s speed will be slower.
(An answer that identifies the speed to be approximately 1.94 x 108 ms-1 is also correct).

25 (b)
Criteria Mark
• Correctly calculates the wavelength 1

Sample answer
v=fλ

λ = v/f = c/(1.55 x 4.3 x 1014) = 4.5 x 10-7 m

25 (c)

Criteria Marks
• Calculates the correct angle AND shows an appropriate line on the diagram (closer to the 2
normal)
• Calculates the correct angle OR shows a line closer to the normal 1

Sample answer
sin i/sin r = 1.55

r = sin-1 (sin 25/1.55)

= 15.8o

3
25 (d)
Criteria Marks
• Provides an adequate definition AND calculates the angle 2
• Provides and adequate definition OR calculates the angle 1

Sample answer
The critical angle is the angle of incidence at which light that strikes the boundary will be refracted by 90
degrees, or will travel along the boundary. Hence, no light will escape the boundary for any angle at or beyond
the critical angle.
Sin c = 1/RI
Critical angle = sin-1 (1/1.55) = 40.18o

26.a.
Marking Criteria Marks
• Provided explanation is complete 2
• Partial explanation provided 1

A speeding ambulance is the source of sound waves. This speed is a considerable fraction of the speed of sound
(~10%) and thus the observed frequency of emitted sound is observably Doppler shifted. A car, even if travelling
quickly, has a tiny fraction of the speed of light (~0.00001%) which is too small to noticeably affect the observed
frequency of the light from the headlights.

26.b.
Marking Criteria Marks
• Correct calculation performed 2
• Correct formula selected but subsequent error made 1

(vwave + vobserver )
f'= f
(vwave − vobserver )
(340)
= 400
(340 − 30)
= 439 Hz

27.
Marking Criteria Marks
• Kirchoff’s voltage law described
3
• Relationship to conservation of energy clearly explained
• Kirchoff’s voltage law outlined
2
• Conservation of energy linked
• Kirchoff’s voltage law identified 1

Kirchoff’s voltage law states that the sum of all the potential differences around a closed circuit equals zero. That
is, the energy transformed into other forms of energy in all of the devices in a circuit is equal to the energy provided
by the battery or source of EMF. Hence energy is conserved in any electrical circuit.

4
28.a.
Marking Criteria Marks
• Correct answer provided 2
• Correct method identified with error made 1

P=VI = 12 x 3.0 = 36 J every second

28.b.
Marking Criteria Marks
• Correct answer calculated 3
• Answer is calculated but an error made 2
• A correct step is performed 1

Energy required: Q = mcΔT time = 15675 J/36 J s-1

= 250 g x 4.18 J g-1 K-1 x 15.0 K = 435 s
= 15675 J

5
29(a)
Criteria

 uses correct globe resistance to calculate correct energy difference

 correctly uses

 uses or

Sample answer:

Power rating of 144 W for a light globe corresponds to an applied voltage of 231 V. Therefore:
V2 V 2 2312
P =VI = ⇒ R= = =370.6Ω
R P 144
Series Parallel
Rtotal = 3Rglobe = 3 × 370.6 = 1111.7Ω 1 1 1 1
= + +
V 321 Rtotal Rglobe Rglobe Rglobe
V= I circuit Rtotal ⇒ I circuit = = =0.2078 A
Rtotal 1111.7 Rglobe 370.6
⇒ Rtotal = = = 123.5Ω
P == VI 231× 0.2078 = 48 W 3 3
E = Pt =48 × (60 × 60) =172800 J V 231
V= I circuit Rtotal ⇒ I circuit = = =1.87 A
Rtotal 123.5
P =VI =231× 1.87 =432 W
E = Pt = 432 × (60 × 60) = 1555200 J
∆E= E parallel − Eseries= 1555200 − 172800= 1382400= 1.38 × 106 J

29(b)
Criteria

 correct use of V = IR or P = VI

 correct number of globes

Sample answer:

For each globe:

P 144
P =VI ⇒ I= = =0.623 A
V 231
8
⇒ n= = 12.8
0.623
Therefore, a maximum of 12 globes can be placed in parallel.

Q30
Criteria

 use of correct solenoid formula

 correct value & units

Sample answer:

µo NI 4π × 10−7 × 8 × 3
B
= = = 6.0 × 10−4 T or N A −1 m −1
L 0.05

6
31.a.
Criteria

 correct type (non-ohmic)

 appropriate justification (based on deviation from linearity predicted by Ohm’s Law)

Sample answer:

The globe is non-ohmic. Ohm’s Law states that the voltage and current are directly proportional, according to
. The non-linearity of the graph indicates that the voltage and current are not directly proportional for this
globe. Thus, the globe does not obey Ohm’s Law and is considered non-ohmic.

31.b.
Criteria

 use of Ohm’s Law equation

 correct value & units

Sample answer:

From the graph, the current is 8.0 A at 4.0 V. Therefore:

Marker’s note:

Do not leave answers as fractions – they are considered incomplete calculations. Use decimal form.

The resistance of a non-ohmic component is not related to the gradient of the curve. This would mean that you
could not determine the resistance of the light globe at a given voltage without also measuring the current for
values above and below the voltage of interest … and then having the graph them!

However, given that Jacaranda textbook states (incorrectly!) that the resistance is related to the gradient, that
calculation will be accepted for this exam. Thus, the resistance from the gradient is 0.85±0.05Ω.

7
32 (a)
Criteria

 parallel lines between plates that are vertical, evenly spaced and just touch both plates

 downward arrows on all lines

Sample answer

+40V

0V

32 (b)
Criteria

 correct value & units

Sample answer

V 40
E= = = 800 V m −1 or N C −1
d 0.05

32 (c)
Criteria

 uses relevant equation(s) correctly

 correct value & units

 correct direction

Sample answer

F 1.2816 × 10−14
F =ma ⇒ a = = =4.75 × 105 m s −2 downwards
m 2.7 × 10−20

Marker’s note:

The convention that North is up the page applies to navigation or maps. This question involves neither.