World Bank’s

ENTERPRISE SURVEY

UNDERSTANDING
THE QUESTIONNAIRE

January 17, 2007

Available at www.enterprisesurveys.org
INTRODUCTION
The World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys (ES) collect data from key manufacturing and service sectors
in every region of the world. The Surveys use standardized survey instruments and a uniform
sampling methodology to minimize measurement error and to yield data that are comparable across
the world’s economies. Most importantly, the Enterprise Surveys are designed to provide panel data
sets. Because panel data is one of the best ways to pinpoint how and which of the changes in the
business environment affect firm-level productivity over time and across countries, the Enterprise
Survey Initiative has made panel data a top priority.

The use of properly designed survey instruments and a uniform sampling methodology enhances the
credibility of World Bank analysis and the recommendations that stem from this analysis. The
Enterprise Survey team aims to achieve the following objectives:
• To provide statistically significant investment climate indicators that are comparable
across all of the world’s economies;
• To assess the constraints to private sector growth and enterprise performance;
• To build a panel of establishment-level data that will make it possible to track changes in
the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of
reforms and policy changes; and
• To stimulate policy dialogue on the business environment and to help shape the agenda
for reform.

The purpose of this document is to provide information and guidance to the implementing
contractor on how to understand the questions in the surveys. Two complementary notes, the
Implementation Note and the Sampling Note complete the documentation for these surveys. The
Implementation Note is geared to a wider audience including field managers, field supervisors and
enumerators. The Sampling Note is a technical document of more interest to researchers and final
users of the data.

1. What is in an Enterprise Survey questionnaire

To generate internationally comparable data, the questions in the Core questionnaire are asked in all
countries and for all industries where the survey is implemented. In addition to this Core instrument,
the Manufacturing Module and Services Module questions are asked to establishments in the
manufacturing and services sectors, respectively. Attachments A, B and C contain the Core, Core plus
Manufacturing Module, and Core plus Services Module, respectively. Attachment D is the Screener
Questionnaire. The Screener Questionnaire is used to screen those establishments that do not fit the
sampling criteria and should not be surveyed.

The Core instrument is comprised of eleven sections. The first group deals with the characteristics
of the business and the investment climate in which it operates including:
• Section A – Control Information
• Section B – General information: ownership, start-up.
• Section C – Infrastructure and Services: power, water, transport, and communication
technologies.
• Section D – Sales and Supplies: imports, exports, supply and demand conditions.
• Section E – Degree of Competition: price and supply changes, competitors.
• Section G – Land: land ownership, land access issues.

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• Section I – Crime: extent and losses due to crime.
• Section J – Business-Government Relations: quality of public services, consistency of policy,
regulatory compliance costs (management time, bribes); and
• Section M – Investment Climate Constraints: evaluation of general obstacles.

These eight sections contain qualitative questions, asking for the manager’s opinion on the business
environment and for his motivation for business decisions. Section F, Capacity: use of production
capacity, hours of operation, is a section only included in the Manufacturing Module.

The second part of the instrument deals with facts and figures specific to the transactions
establishments make in order to operate. More specifically, these sections contain questions on
production costs, investment flows, balance sheet information and workforce statistics. These
sections include:
• Section K – Finance: sources of finance, terms of finance, financial services.
• Section L – Labor: worker skills training, skill availability, employment, education levels
of workers; and
• Section N – Productivity: Numbers and figures needed to estimate productivity.

2. How to Implement the Survey

The purpose of this section is to provide an explanation to the structure of the questionnaires; how
they are formatted, what the formatting means, and how the questions should be asked. This section
can serve as a training manual for field supervisors and enumerators.

a. How instructions are indicated and what they mean

The questionnaires are color-coded to facilitate their implementation. Instructions to the enumerator
appear in BOLD, CAPITALIZED BLUE FONT. These instructions are not to be read out loud
by the enumerator, but serve as guide. There are instances when a question, before being asked,
requires special instructions.

THESE INSTRUCTIONS ARE IN BOLD BLUE, CAPITALIZED LETTERING AND

FOUND IN GREY BOXES PLACED THROUGHOUT THE QUESTIONNAIRE

In general, any text that is in bold, blue font, in the questionnaires, should not be read out loud;
that includes response options such as “Don’t know”, “Does not apply” or “REF” for refuses to
answer. There are times when blue font, not in bold, is used to indicate that the enumerator the
blue text does not need to be read out loud the first time the question is read. This blued text is
there to aid the enumerator when the respondent does not understand the question and asks for
clarification. In that case, the enumerator should read the blue text. See the example below:

J.2 In a typical week over the last 12 months, what percentage of total senior management's time
was spent in dealing with requirements imposed by government regulations?

[By senior management I mean managers, directors, and officers above direct supervisors of
production/sales workers. Some examples of government regulations are taxes, customs, labor
regulations, licensing and registration, including dealings with officials and completing forms]

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The BOLD, CAPITALIZED RED FONT indicates a skip pattern. Whenever an enumerator sees
this red font next to a response given by the respondent, they should carefully follow the skip
pattern instructions.

b. How to ask some questions

In general, tables are to be read one category at a time. For example, when asking the following
question:

D.4 In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], when this establishment exported goods
directly, what was the average number of days that it took from the time this establishment’s
goods arrived to their main point of exit [e.g., port, airport] until the time these goods cleared
customs?

D.5 And what was the longest number of days?

Days
Average number of days to clear customs d4
Longest number of days to clear customs d5

It is best to ask first “Average number of days to clear customs”, then solicit a response, and then
continue by asking “Longest number of days to clear customs”. The point is not to confuse the
respondent by asking him or her two questions at once.

There are particularly difficult questions to implement that we point out here. For example, when
asking the following question:
D.3 In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], what percent of this establishment’s sales were:

INTERVIEWER: THESE MUST BE ASKED IN THE ORDER THEY APPEAR ON THE

TABLE

Percent
a. National sales
% IF 100, GO TO QUESTION D.9
b. Indirect exports [sold domestically to third
% IF 100, GO TO QUESTION D.8
party that exports products]
c. Direct exports
% IF 0, GO TO QUESTION D.8
100%
INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%

This is a difficult question to implement because the responses must be given in the order of the
table, from top to bottom, for the skip patterns to work. The best way to ask this question is by
reading each category, from top to bottom, one by one and solicit a response from each before
moving on to the next category.

c. What are acceptable responses

Many questions ask for percentages or fractions. Because there are many ways to record a
percentage, it is important that a standardize way of recording these responses be established. In

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general, all numbers should be recorded in such a way as to not have decimals. So, 10 percent is
recoded as 10 not .1 nor .10 and certainly not 1/10. In cases where the respondent answers 10.5
percent, for example, the enumerator should round up to 11 percent. In cases where the respondent
answers 10.25 percent, the enumerator should round down to 10 percent. The point is to eliminate
all decimals even if it sometimes means rounding down to zero.

The purpose of this standardization is to avoid an error that is common in many databases where
percentages are asked of the respondent. The respondent and/or the enumerator may have a habit
of responding to percentage questions in decimals. For example, instead of 1 percent, the
respondent will answer .01. If some respondents answer in this way while others respond by saying
one (1), the database will contain a series of 1’s .01’s and the person using the data has no way of
knowing if the recoded number “1” means 100 percent or 1 percent and at the same time they will
be at odds to decipher whether a .01 means .01% or 1 percent. Without a consistent way of
recording percentages, the data become useless.

Even in those cases where percentages are not asked, for example, days of delay to get a business
license, if the enumerator hears one and a half days, they should round up and record a two (2).
Also, the enumerator must keep in mind that if the question asks for a response in days and the
respondent responds in weeks, the enumerator must make the conversion and record the response
in days, not in weeks. If the conversion is too difficult for the enumerator to do in the middle of the
interview, the enumerator should record the response in weeks at the margins of the questionnaire,
leave the response blank, and do the conversion immediately after the interview is done and record
the response in the appropriate space.

The only case when the respondent is asked to do the conversion themselves is when they respond
in dollars, euros, or any other currency which is not the local currency. All questions should have a
response in the local currency units (LCUs). There are times, however, when the respondent made a
purchase in some currency other than the LCU and responds with the international currency in
mind. It is up to the enumerator to clarify in which unit that response was calculated and ask the
respondent to convert the figure to local currency. The enumerator does not do the conversion
himself. This discussion about currencies should also make it clear that the enumerator should
always be cognizant of the currency units the respondent is referring to in his or her responses.

For purposes of standardization, the conventions for time conversions are the following:

1 week=7 days;
1 month=4 weeks;
1 year=52 weeks; and
1 year=365 days.
d. Explanation of terms
The instructions below provide explanations of the terms used, definitions applied and the intent of
the questions that comprise the Enterprise Survey instruments.

We have developed a color scheme for quick reference. Explanations in black font indicate
questions that are in all three questionnaires; the Core, the Core plus the Manufacturing Module and the
Core plus the Service Module. Explanations to questions in red font indicate questions that only appear
in the Manufacturing Module. Explanations to questions in green font indicate questions are questions
that only appear in the Service Module.

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Section Number Instructions
General B.1 A firm’s legal status is first determined by whether it has publicly or
Information privately held shares. Partnerships or sole proprietorships implicitly
have privately-held shares. After a determination is made as to
whether shares are held publicly or privately, a firm’s legal status is
defined by the extent of the liability. Sole proprietorships and simple
partnerships are the only entities with unlimited liability.

All firms should fit into one (and only one) of these categories.

If a firm’s shares are publicly traded, it is a publicly listed company. A

publicly listed company is also a ‘limited liability company’.

A privately held, limited liability company is a firm that is owned by

partners or shareholders for whom their claims over the firm are not
publicly traded. They may or may not be traded privately.

A sole proprietorship is a business owned and operated by one

individual, physical or juridical person. A juridical person can be
aggregates of persons.

A partnership allows two or more people to share profits and

liabilities, with or without privately held shares. In a partnership, the
parties could be individuals, corporations, trusts, other partnerships,
or a combination of all of the above. The essential characteristic of
the partnership is the unlimited liability of every partner.

Limited partnership is a type of business that includes one or several

general partners and one or more limited partners who invest capital
into the partnership, but do not take part in the daily operation or
management of the business. The limited partners limit their amount
of liability to the amount of capital invested in the partnership. The
general partners personally shoulder all debts and obligations of the
partnership. Business operations are governed, unless otherwise
specified in a written agreement, by majority vote of voting partners.
Limited liability partnerships are separate legal entities that provide
liability protection for all general partners as well as management
rights in the business.

Cooperatives should be designated as Other. The form of legal status

must be specified in writing by the enumerator on the survey
instrument.
General B.2 Foreign ownership refers to the nationality of the shareholders. If the
Information primary owner is a foreign national resident in the country, it is still a
foreign owned firm. If the shares are held by another company or

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Section Number Instructions
institution and the shareholders of that institution are foreign
nationals, then it is foreign owned.

Domestic are nationals of the country in which the establishment is

located.

A firm that is a subsidiary of a government-owned firm should be

considered government-owned.

Firms that operate under a franchise agreement should be classified

according to the nationality of those awarded the franchise.
General B.3 Owner(s) are the collective proprietor of a corporation; persons that
Information have legal claim to the property and/or income of the firm or own
shares in the firm. In the case of sole proprietorship this variable
should be 100%.
General B.4 Female owners. Self-explanatory.
Information
General B.5 The objective of this question is to obtain the year in which
Information operations started regardless of who was the owner at the time.

The year when the establishment began operation refers to the year
in which the establishment actually started producing (or providing
services), not to the year in which it was registered for the first time.

If the establishment was privatized, then the date provided should

refer to when the original government-owned establishment began
operations.

If the establishment changed its production significantly to change

sector classification, then the year when that took place should be
provided.
General B.6 The number of permanent, full-time employees for the time that the
Information enterprise began operations should be provided.
General B.6a Registering is the establishment of a business is limited to registering or
Information incorporating a new company with the registration office (public, private
or a public private entity), in order to create a legal entity or semi-legal
entity.

For the purposes of this survey, an establishment has been registered if it

has completed at least one of these:
1. Screening procedures (e.g. notarize company deeds, register
company at Companies Registry);
2. Tax-related requirements (e.g. register for various taxes
including VAT);
3. Labor/social security-related requirements (e.g. register with
pension funds, register for social security, register for various
insurances such as accident);

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Section Number Instructions
4. Safety and health requirements (e.g. pass inspections and obtain
certificates related to work safety, building, fire, sanitation,
and hygiene);
5. Environment-related requirements (e.g. obtain environment
certificate, register with the water management and water
discharge authorities)
General B.6b Year of registration refers to the year in which the establishment
Information completed at least one of the five (5) steps listed in Question B.6a.
General B.7 Refers to years of managerial experience in the type of sector that the
Information establishment presently operates.
General B.8 This question focuses on whether establishments received and still
Information have an internationally-recognized quality certification. If an
establishment had a quality certification 10 years ago but does not
have one now, then the answer is “No”. Make sure that the manager
understands that this question is not only for ISO certification but
for any internationally recognized quality certification. Examples are:
HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) for food
(especially, but not exclusively, for seafood and juices), and AATCC
(American Association of Textiles Chemists and Colorists) for
textiles.
Infrastructure C.1 Own transport is defined as any mode of transport owned by the
and Services establishment used to make delivery of goods to the buyer/receiver
of the shipment.
Infrastructure C.2 Percent of sales on own transport is defined as the percentage of total
and Services annual sales that are delivered by the establishment’s own transport.
Infrastructure C.3 Application for electrical connection. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.4 Wait for electrical connection. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.5 Bribe for electrical connection. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.6 A power outage occurs when there is equipment malfunction from the
and Services failure of adequate supply of power. Brownouts that cause some, but
not all, equipment to malfunction are also considered power outages.
Infrastructure C.7 If power outages are seasonal the interviewer should ask the
and Services respondent to calculate the number of outages on a typical month, neither
from months in which outages are most frequent nor from months
where outages are most infrequent.
The concept of typical month must be well understood since it is
used several times throughout the questionnaire: it is the most
common type of month in the year regarding the characteristic being
asked. Thus, for answers such as “electrical outages once every 3
months” in a typical month there are 0 outages (since there will be
outages only in 4 months of the year and in the rest 8 months there
will be no outages). For the answer “once every other month” write
1 since there will be 6 months with outages and 6 months without

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Section Number Instructions
them.

Infrastructure C.8 This refers to the duration of the power outages in a typical month.
and Services If power outages are seasonal the respondent should calculate average
duration of each power outage in an average month in which outages are
neither the most frequent nor most infrequent.
Infrastructure C.9 Losses because of power outages The Manager should estimate the amount
and Services of production lost because of power outages including damaged
equipment by power fluctuations as well as the cost of re-setting
equipment.

To get the estimated loss as a percent of total annual sales due to

power outages, the above calculation must be divided by total annual
sales.
Infrastructure C.10 Establishment have own generator. Self-explanatory.
and Services
Infrastructure C.11 Percent electricity from own or shared generator. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.12 Application for water connection. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.13 Wait for water connection. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.14 Bribe for water connection. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.15 Water shortage when there is equipment failure and/or the cessation of
and Services certain production operations from the failure of adequate supply of
water.
Infrastructure C.16 Incidents of water shortage per month can be estimated by considering the
and Services number of times a water shortage took place per month. The
respondent should be asked not to make the calculation from
months when water shortages are rare or from months when water
shortages are extreme. The calculation should be made based on a
typical month.
Infrastructure C.17 Duration of water shortage can be estimated by considering the duration
and Services of a water shortage took place in an average month.
Infrastructure C.18 Percent of water from public sources. Percent of water used in production
and Services that is obtained from government-owned utility services.
Infrastructure C.19 Application for telephone connection. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.20 Wait for telephone connection. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.21 Bribe for telephone connection. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.22 E-mail and website use. Self-explanatory
and Services

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Section Number Instructions
Infrastructure C.23 High-speed, broadband Internet connection is defined as Internet
and Services connection that is faster than using a telephone line with a modem.
Infrastructure C.24 How is Internet connection used. Self-explanatory
and Services
Infrastructure C.25 Unavailability of Internet connection refers to instances when
and Services establishment Internet users receive an unavailable service message
when attempting to access or log on to Internet services.
Infrastructure C.26 Incidents of unavailable Internet connection per month registers the number
and Services of times establishment internet users receive an unavailable service
message when attempting to access or log on to Internet services.
Infrastructure C.27 Average duration of unavailable Internet connection registers the length of
and Services time (in minutes) of an average incident
Infrastructure C.28 This question about authentification and security of Internet transactions
and Services assesses the quality of the Internet infrastructure with respect to
measures of security. Establishments that cannot authenticate users
nor provide and/or have the assurance of secure Internet
transactions may be limited in how they use the Internet. The
question is designed to determine whether this is in fact the case.

Authentification refers to the process of determining whether someone

or something is, in fact, who or what it claim to be for the purpose
of initiating a transaction or accessing information that may be
behind security.

Security for Internet transactions make the transfer of confidential

information such as passwords or credit card numbers, over the
Internet, inaccessible to unauthorized users.
Infrastructure C.30 The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives
and Services for ‘degree of obstacle’ (from 0 to 4).

a. Electricity refers to power supply received from the public grid. All
aspects of that supply are being ascertained; its cost, quality, and
dependability.
b. Telecommunications includes communications that take place using
the telephone or telephone network. All aspects of
telecommunications are being ascertained. Its costs, dependability,
and quality.
Sales and D.1 Establishment’s two main products The purpose of this question is to
Supplies determine what the company produces.

The enumerator should ask for the top two (2) products (those that
generate the most sales) and then categorize the products according
to standard industry classification codes. The enumerator should
show the respondent the list of codes that correspond to the
products identified to ensure agreement with the categorization. It

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Section Number Instructions
may be that all major products fall into one category or that the
establishment has only one main product. If the interviewee does not
know the code, the enumerator should write the sector and look for
the corresponding code in the list of codes before submitting the
completed questionnaire.

It may be that all major products fall into one category of the 4 digit
ISIC code classification (even if the products are different). In this
case, the enumerator must fill the two spaces of the second column
(even if it is the same code). Use United Nations ISIC Rev.3.1.
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/registry/regcst.asp?Cl=17
Sales and D.2 Total sales include the value of all annual sales counting manufactured
Supplies goods and goods the establishment has bought for trading. If an
establishment makes blue jeans and also imports blue jeans to sell,
total sales is the value of all blue jeans sold, both produced and
imported. Revenue or receipts for all services rendered and any sales
of merchandise for the year, though payment may have been
received at a later date, are included in total sales. Firms operating on
a commission basis should report commissions, fees, and other
operating income, not gross billings or sales.
Sales and D.3 Where sales are made. The purpose of this question is to determine
Supplies where the establishment’s final customers are located.

Domestic sales are when goods or services are used, consumed, or

expended by firms, individuals, or other institutions inside the
borders of the country.

An indirect export is when the manufacturer sells its goods to a trader

or another agent who then exports the product without
modifications. If a firm sells its product to another firm as an
intermediate product (for use as one input into a different final
product) which is then exported, this establishment’s product is not
considered an export, neither direct nor indirect. Products that the
manager knows are smuggled abroad should be counted as exports.

Direct export is the sale of goods where the immediate recipient is an

intermediary, user, consumer, firm, individual, or other institution
that will expend the good and the intermediary, user, consumer, firm,
individual, or other institution is located outside the borders of the
country.
Sales and D.4 Clearing customs for direct exports. The purpose of this question is to
Supplies + determine the efficiency of customs in clearing goods for export.
D.5
Direct export This question should be answered only by establishments
that export directly as defined above.

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Section Number Instructions
Main point of exit is the last domestic location (e.g. port, border
crossing, and airport) from which most of the goods sold leave the
country. When referring to “most goods” it is defined in terms of
consignment value (not physical units).

Goods cleared customs These questions are designed to asses the

efficiency of customs procedures. They refer to the time it takes to
obtain all clearances required from the moment the goods arrived at
their point of exit (e.g., port, border crossing, and airport) until the
moment they satisfy the requirement of the clearance procedures at
the custom office. This can also include transit procedures.

Average number of days to clear customs. Prompt the respondent to

think of various shipments sent to the main point of exit and
estimate an average time it took from the time the establishment’s
shipments arrived at this point to the time they left that point of exit.

Longest number of days to clear customs. Prompt the respondent to

think of the one shipment that took the longest to clear customs;
from the time the establishment’s shipments arrived at this point to
the time they left that point of exit.
Sales and D.6 Theft, breakage and spoilage for direct export. The purpose of this question
Supplies + is to determine the extent of losses that stem from theft, breakage
D.7 and/or spoilage as goods are transported for export, independently
of whether the cost is bear by the establishment or a third party that
is hired to transport the goods. Generally, what is required is to
determine these losses as a result of transport between the factory
and the point of exit from the country. We do not care about losses
incurred between the point of exit and arrival to the final point of
destination. However, there are respondents that will only be able to
provide this information and nothing else. When that is the case,
please take that information as an alternative measure.

Consignment value is the value paid when goods are delivered to the
receiver. It is the agreed-upon price of the goods between seller and
buyer.

Theft refers to robbery that occurred outside the premises of the

establishment.

Breakage refers to the inoperability or usability of the good. A broken

good is inoperable or unusable at the current state.

Spoilage refers to significantly reduced quality of the plant or animal

product.
Sales and D.8 First exported directly or indirectly. The purpose of this question is self-

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Section Number Instructions
Supplies explanatory.

Respondent should provide the year in which the establishment first

began to produce for sale abroad. The goods could be sold abroad
by either the establishment or an intermediary.
Sales and D.10 Theft, breakage and spoilage when supplying domestic markets. See definitions
Supplies + in D.6 and D.7
D.11
Sales and D.12 Material inputs. The purpose of this question is to determine from
Supplies where the inputs to production are obtained and purchased.

The calculation is done as a percent of all supplies and inputs

purchased by the establishment for the fiscal year.

Inputs are materials that go through a mechanical, physical, or

chemical transformation that will ultimately make up some portion
of the final good produced. Lumber in a furniture factory is good
example of an input.

Supplies are materials or products that are used, expended, consumed,

but will not comprise the final good produced. Pencils and writing
paper are good examples of a supply.

A supply or material input of foreign origin is one that is produced,

transformed, cultivated, or extracted and sold by an entity residing
outside the country. Some possible complications with foreign origin
can occur if, for example, the establishment is given imported raw
material by its foreign parent company or by another partner, as in
the case with cut, make, and trim. The value of these raw materials
and supplies must be included as foreign origin. In another example,
if the establishment is given imported raw materials by the parent
company and this company is local, then consider it indirectly
imported and purchased from a local distributor and therefore of
foreign origin. Even if the parent company provides raw material at
no charge, consider the value of the purchase of foreign origin.

A supply or material input of domestic origin is one that is produced,

transformed, cultivated, or extracted and sold by an entity residing in
the country.
Sales and D.13 Goods imported directly The purpose of this question is to determine if
Supplies the establishment has any interaction with customs when having to
import inputs and other materials.

Imported directly is purchasing goods where the immediate recipient is

an establishment that will expend the good and the supplier of that
good is located outside the borders of the country in which the

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Section Number Instructions
establishment operates.
Sales and D.14 The purpose of these questions is to measure the efficiency of
Supplies + customs clearance of imports.
D.15
Goods cleared customs includes all clearances required from the moment
the goods arrived at their point of entry (e.g., port, airport) until the
moment they satisfy the requirement of the clearance procedures at
the custom office and can be picked up. It does not include time
spent on transportation to reach the point of entry or waiting to
unload at the point of entry.

Average number of days to clear customs. Prompt respondent to think

of various shipments destined to the establishment that originated
from abroad, and to estimate an average of the time it took when the
shipment arrived to the country’s point of entry to the time the
establishment was allowed to claim them and begin domestic
transport.

Longest number of days to clear customs. Prompt respondent to think

of the one shipment destined to the establishment that originated
from abroad, that took the longest time from when the shipment
arrived to the country’s point of entry to the time the establishment
was allowed to claim them and begin domestic transport.
Sales and D.16 Days of inventory of main input. The purpose of this question is to assess
Supplies the efficiency in the supply chain. When firms have to maintain a
high level of stock, because they cannot rely on a predictable supply
of inputs, this is a source of economic inefficiency. Inversely, if
supplies of the main input can be relied upon to be easily available,
firms will keep low levels of stock on hand.

An input is the material that goes through a mechanical, physical, or

chemical transformation that will ultimately make up some portion
of the final good produced.

The main input is the input that accounts for the highest value among
all inputs. It is not the input for which stock is maintained the
longest. For example, if a company makes shirts, the most important
input is the cloth, not the buttons and thread, though the
establishment may actually keep a 90 day supply of buttons on hand
and only a 30 day stock of cloth.

Days of inventory should be calculated by how many days of normal

production capacity would consume all of the main input held in
supply at the establishment’s premises.
Sales and D.17 Days of inventory of main sales item The purpose of this question is to
Supplies assess the efficiency in the supply chain. When firms have to

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Section Number Instructions
maintain a high level of sales items in stock, because they cannot rely
on a predictable supply, this is a source of economic inefficiency.
Inversely, if supplies of the main sales can be relied upon to be easily
available, firms will keep low levels of stock on hand.

The main sales item is the item that accounts for the highest percent of
sales among all items that the establishment sells. It is not the item
for which stock is maintained the longest.

Days of inventory should be calculated by how many days, under

normal sales conditions, it would take to deplete the main sales item
held in supply at the establishment’s premises.
Sales and D.30 The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives
Supplies for ‘degree of obstacle’ (from 0 to 4).

a. Transportation includes transport of merchandise, inputs, supply to

and from the establishment . All aspects of transportation are
being ascertained. Its costs, dependability, and quality.

b. Customs and trade regulations refer to:

• documents required to export/import goods,
• approvals, signatures or stamps that are required to
export/import goods, and
• terms of compliance for all procedures required to
export/import goods.
Degree of E.1 Defining the main market. The purpose of this question is to get the
Competition establishment to define what it considers to be its main market.

The main product is defined by what respondent identifies as the

output that generates the most amount of revenue as defined in
Question D.1. The establishment’s main market is defined by the
market, of the options provided, that the respondent identifies as the
one generating the greatest revenue for the main product defined
above.

It could be the case that an establishment’s main product is sold in

smaller proportions in a greater number of markets and that the
main product is never the greatest total annual share of revenue in
any one market. For example, 51 percent of revenue comes from
selling nails, but that is distributed equally in the local, national, and
international markets, 33 percent in each. Bolts make up 49 percent
of total annual revenues. However, half of the revenue for bolts
comes from selling in the international market and half in the local
market.

15
Section Number Instructions
It is clear that bolts sell more in its respective market with respect to
nails, but does not generate as much revenue as nails do for the
establishment. In such a case, nails should be used as the main
product and the respondent should be prompted to choose a main
market for nails which has been consistently a dominant market. So
if it has recently entered the international market, but has had a long
history in the local market, the local market should be considered the
main market.
Degree of E.2 Number of competitors in establishment’s market. Self-explanatory
Competition
Degree of E.3 Change in sales. The purpose of this question is to determine if the
Competition establishment has sold more, less or the same than it did in the
previous year.

Selling more is meant in terms of units sold; NOT revenue. For

example, units are measured in Kilograms, Liters, units, dozens of
shirts, etc.
Degree of E.4 Change in prices. The purpose of this question is to determine if the
Competition establishment’s prices were higher, lower or the same as they were in
the previous year.

This is in unit prices.

Degree of E.12 Reducing prices. Refers to the degree to which competition from
Competition domestic products influenced the establishment to undertake efforts
to reduce prices on sales or services.
Degree of E.13 Reducing prices. Refers to the degree to which competition from
Competition products originated abroad influenced the establishment to
undertake efforts to reduce prices on sales or services.
Degree of E.14 Presenting new lines of products. Refers to the degree to which
Competition competition from domestic products influenced the establishment to
undertake efforts to carry new products.
Degree of E.15 Presenting new lines of products. Refers to the degree to which
Competition competition from products originated abroad influenced the
establishment to undertake efforts to carry new products.
Degree of E.6 Technology licensed from a foreign owned company: it measures access to
Competition foreign technology. The license may be held by the establishment’s
parent company. The answer is “no” if the establishment uses
foreign technology without a license or a formal agreement.
Degree of E.11 Competition from unregistered or informal firms measures the
Competition establishment’s perception that it may be competing with firms that
may be smuggling, not abiding by copyrights or other intellectual
property restrictions, avoiding payment of taxes or duty, producing
and/or selling counterfeit items, and/or skirting regulations or other
measures prescribed by law.
Degree of E.30 The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives
Competition for ‘degree of obstacle’ (from 0 to 4).

16
Section Number Instructions

Practices of competitors in the informal sector. Self-explanatory

Capacity F.1 A capacity utilization estimate should be compared to a full production
capacity capability.

Full production capacity is the maximum level of production that

this establishment could reasonably expect to attain under normal
and realistic operating conditions fully utilizing the machinery and
equipment in place. In estimating full production capability, consider
the following:
• Assume only the machinery and equipment in place and ready
to operate will be utilized. Do not include facilities or
equipment that would require extensive reconditioning before
they can be made operable.
• Assume normal downtime, maintenance, repair, and cleanup. If
full production requires additional shifts or hours of operation,
then appropriate downtime should be considered in the
estimate.
• Assume labor, materials, utilities, etc. are fully available.
• Assume number of shifts, hours of plant operations, and
overtime pay that can be sustained under normal conditions and
a realistic work schedule.
• Assume a product mix that was typical or representative of your
production during a typical month. If the plant is subject to
short-run variation assume the product mix of the current
period.
• Do not assume increased use of productive facilities outside the
plant for services (such as contracting out subassembly work) in
excess of the proportion that would be normal during the
typical month.
• Also assume “regular shifts” refers to the normal shifts of the
establishment. For some establishments, there will be one shift
(e.g., an eight-hour shift). Others may have two, or even three,
standard shifts. Be sure to answer this question based on what
the normal shift actually is, not on what the establishment would
like it to be. The same applies to machinery and equipment. For
instance, sometimes managers reply that capacity is 50%,
because “…if they were able to double the workforce (and
machineries), they would be able to produce double what they
currently produce”. This is incorrect reasoning. The answer
must assume a product’s potential given the current level of
machinery, equipment, and number of shifts.
Capacity F.2 Hours per week of operation are the hours per week in which machines
are engaged in some type of mechanical, physical, or chemical
transformation of materials or substances into new products or in

17
Section Number Instructions
which the assembly of components into new products takes place.
Assume normal downtime, maintenance, repair, and cleanup. If full
production requires additional shifts or hours of operation, then
appropriate downtime should be considered in the hours of
operation.
Land G.1 Land occupied. This does not include buildings or other structures. If
buildings are owned, but land is leased, then the respondent must be
prompted to answer what proportion of all land used for the
production process is owned or leased and must disregard buildings
or structures.
Land G.2 Application for construction permit. Self-explanatory
Land G.3 Wait for construction permit. Self-explanatory
Land G.4 Bribe for construction permit. Self-explanatory
Land G.5 Selling area is the space where the sale of goods or services is made.
Do not include administrative office, inventory or other storage
space.

Unit of measurement for selling area. Self-explanatory

Land G.6 Owned by this establishment lands and buildings to which the State has
granted all of the rights, benefits and privileges to those who have
title to these properties.

Under management by this establishment are lands and buildings that the
establishment owns or leases, but does not occupy and leases to
some other party.

Leased by this establishment are lands and buildings for which use of
these properties is subject to the stated terms and limitations, for a
specified period and at a specified payment, of a contract between
the owner of these properties and the establishment.
Land G.7 Attempted to acquire more land/buildings. Self-explanatory
Land G.8 Successful in acquiring more land/buildings. Self-explanatory
Land G.30 The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives
for ‘degree of obstacle’ (from 0 to 4).

a. Access to land refers to the possibility of buying or renting land, if

the establishment needs to acquire it.

b. Zoning restrictions refers to a set of laws and regulations that control

the size, location and use of buildings within different areas.
Crime I.1 Pay for security. Self-explanatory
Crime I.2 How much pay for security. Self-explanatory
Crime I.3 Experienced losses from theft, robbery, vandalism, arson. Self-explanatory
Crime I.4 Extent of losses from theft, robbery, vandalism, arson. Self-explanatory
Crime I.30 The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives
for ‘degree of obstacle’ (from 0 to 4).

18
Section Number Instructions

Obstacle of theft and disorder. Self-explanatory

Business- J.1 Self-explanatory
Government
Relations
Business- J.2 Percent of total senior management's time. Ask managers to estimate what
Government percentage of their time senior managers spend dealing with
Relations government regulations, inspections, negotiations and other
bureaucratic burden. This is time that would otherwise be spent on
business matters. It should not include time spent negotiating
procurement contracts with the government - only time dealing with
red tape and bureaucracy.
Business- J.3, J.4 Visitations and inspections from tax inspectorate officials. Self-explanatory
Government and J.5
Relations
Business- J.6a and Percent of the contract value. The question is designed to get at the size of
Government J.6 the unaudited or unreported payment that is made to a government
Relations official that directly aided in granting a government contract, in part
or in whole, or expanded the size of the contract to include the
establishment’s business.

Again, notice the wording (phrasing) of the question: it asks for the
respondent to answer for the “typical” establishment, rather than the
establishment being interviewed.
Business- J.7 Size of informal payments/gifts Informal payments are payments made to
Government government officials that are unaudited and unreported. They are
Relations generally given to an official with the expectation that a service will
be performed (such as granting a business license), a violation
overlooked (such as violation of health regulation), or because the
official threatens the business.

Notice the wording (phrasing) of the question: it asks for the

respondent to answer for establishments “like this one” rather than
the establishment being interviewed.
Business- J.10 Application for import license Self-explanatory
Government
Relations
Business- J.11 Wait for import license Self-explanatory
Government
Relations
Business- J.12 Bribe for import license Self-explanatory
Government
Relations
Business- J.13 Application for operating license Self-explanatory
Government
Relations

19
Section Number Instructions
Business- J.14 Wait for operating license Self-explanatory
Government
Relations
Business- J.15 Bribe for operating license Self-explanatory
Government
Relations
Business- J.30 The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives
Government for ‘degree of obstacle’ (from 0 to 4).
Relations
a. Tax rates refer to the actual amount of money that is paid in
fulfilling tax obligations.

b. Tax administration refers to the manner in which tax obligations and

regulatory requirements are enforced in practice (e.g., inspections,
audits, red-tape, unclear regulations, etc).

c. Business licensing and permits refers to the document for which the
establishment applies and a government agency dispatches as
proof of official recognition that the establishment is allowed to
carry out the activities required to carry out its business.

d. Political instability refers to the predictability of political

development and/or the predictability of the national
government’s direction

e. Economic instability refers to the predictability of policies on

exchange rates, quotas (import), tariffs, inflation, fiscal policy,
interest rates, etc.

f. Corruption refers to public corruption only. Therefore, it refers to

the lack of transparency in government decisions, the extent to
which government officials ask and are willing to accept informal
payments, and the extent to which government contracts are
offered to those with political connections.

g. Regulations on hours of operation refer to government restrictions on

the number of hours a retail store may be open, the days in which
it may operate, and/or the hours of operation.

h. Regulations on pricing and mark-ups refer to government restrictions

on the frequency, and/or how much a retail store may change the
price of items.
Finance K.1 The questions refer to an establishment’s ability to provide and be
+ provided trade credit arrangements with suppliers and customers.
K.2
a. Paid before delivery means the invoice was paid before the shipment

20
Section Number Instructions
arrived.

b. Paid for on delivery means that the payment was made at the time the
shipment arrived.

c. Paid for after delivery means that the payment was made at some
period after the shipment had arrived.
Finance K.3 Working capital refers to financing of short term production activities.
Working capital is necessary for businesses to cover short term
liquidity issues, such as purchases of inputs, covering wage bills, etc.
It does not refer to larger investments, such as in machinery or
equipment. Since investment financing is covered under question
K.5, working capital can be understood as financing of all operations,
excluding investment in fixed assets.

Working capital sources are likely to be diverse. It is important for

the enumerator to make sure that the various sources do add up to
100%.
Finance K.4 Purchase of fixed assets, investments, etc. Self-explanatory
Finance N.5 The category machinery, vehicles and equipment is the annual investment
of anything used directly by this establishment to produce. Vehicles
include transport and loading and unloading vehicles. It should
include not only the purchase cost but also all other costs involved in
the investment such as transport of the item and installation cost.
Expenditures to acquire and install computer hardware and/or
software are also included used directly by this establishment to
produce the goods and services reported question D.1.

Land, buildings is the annual investment in land, buildings and

structures used directly or indirectly by this establishment to produce
goods and services. Excluded are investments for property leased to
others.

Included are expenditures for new and used structures (including

those under construction at the end of last complete fiscal year),
fixtures and equipment, additions, major alterations and
improvements to existing facilities, and capitalized repairs.

Also included are expenditures made by the establishment or firm

for structures which, on completion, were, or are, to be sold or
leased back to that establishment or firm.

Information technology (computers, telecommunications, software) is the annual

investment in equipment, facilities, consulting services, supplies and
the automated processing of information. Everything but
information technology personnel should be included.

21
Section Number Instructions
Finance K.5 Fixed assets include any indivisible purchase made that will increase
the establishment’s overall productivity. Examples include
machinery/equipment, land, buildings, building improvements, etc.

The source of funds for these purchases may be diverse, so it is

important for the enumerator to make sure that the various sources
do add up to 100%.
Finance K.6 Checking/ savings account. Self-explanatory
Finance K.7 An overdraft facility is a flexible account that allows firms to draw upon
in the event their account balance becomes negative. The firm will
incur fees or are subject to interest payments if they exercise this
option.
Finance K.8 A line of credit is an available amount of credit that the establishment
can draw upon or leave untapped. Lines of credit usually carry
monthly interest rates, and are repaid quickly (as soon as the
establishment’s cash flow allows for repayment).

A loan is generally a much less flexible form of finance. It comes in

fixed amounts (rather than ranges), carry annual interest rates (either
fixed or floating).

In case of more than one loan outstanding, consider the most recent
acquired loan.
Finance K.9 Institutions that granted loan. Self-explanatory
Finance K.10 Year loan approved. Self-explanatory
Finance K.11 Value of the loan. This question refers to the term to maturity of the
loan, as it was specified in the credit agreement. The respondent
should answer according to what was specified in the loan contract,
not what happened in practice (e.g. if they paid off the loan early or
later than the term of the loan).
Finance K.12 Months to maturity of the loan. Self-explanatory
Finance K.13 Collateral refers to property of the business or personal property of
+ the manager or owners that is used to secure the loan in the event
K.14 the establishment defaults on its payment obligations. Collateral only
refers to real property or financial assets, not to personal guarantees
by third parties.
Finance K.15 Value of collateral as percent of loan value. This question gets to the
relative value of the property used to secure the loan with respect to
the actual value of the loan contract. If the value of the collateral
pledged is greater than the value of the loan, the answer should be
greater than 100%.
Finance K.16 Apply for new loans in last year. Self-explanatory
Finance K.17 Reasons for not applying for loan last year. Self-explanatory
Finance K.18 Number of loan applications submitted. Self-explanatory
Finance K.19 Number of loan applications rejected. Self-explanatory

22
Section Number Instructions
Finance K.30 The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives
for ‘degree of obstacle’ (from 0 to 4).

Access to finance refers to both the availability of finance, and the cost
of finance. Availability refers to how difficult it is to actually obtain a
loan. Cost of finance refers to the price of the loan and the
transaction costs that are necessary to fulfill the application and
disbursement process (interest rates, fees, collateral premiums).
Labor L.1 Number of permanent, full-time employees last complete fiscal year are defined
as all paid employees that are contracted for a term of one or more
fiscal years and/or have a guaranteed renewal of their employment
contract and that work up to 8 or more hours per day.
Labor L.2 Number of permanent, full-time employees three complete fiscal years ago. See
definition of permanent, full-time employees above.
Labor L.3 Number of permanent, full-time production workers are workers (up through
the line supervisor level) engaged in fabricating, processing,
assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling, packing,
warehousing, shipping (but not delivering), maintenance, repair,
product development, auxiliary production for plant’s own use (e.g.,
power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely associated
with these production operations. Employees above the working-
supervisor level are excluded from this item.

Number of permanent, full-time non-production workers are those workers

not engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspecting,
receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping (but not
delivering), maintenance, repair, product development, auxiliary
production for plant’s own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping,
and other services closely associated with these production
operations. Managers and other supervisory personnel with
responsibilities for the performance of shop floor supervisors and
below are included. Do not include shop floor supervisors.

Employees in sales (including driver-salespersons), sales delivery

(highway truck drivers and their helpers), janitorial and guard
services, advertising, credit, collection, installation and servicing of
own products, clerical and routine office functions, executive,
purchasing, financing, legal, personnel (including cafeteria, medical,
etc.) are included. Also included are employees on the payroll of the
manufacturing establishment engaged in the construction of major
additions or alterations utilized as a separate work force.
Professional, and technical employees are included in this category.
Labor L.4 Numbers of different types of permanent, full-time skilled production workers are
workers (up through the line supervisor level) engaged in fabricating,
processing, assembling, inspecting, receiving, storing, handling,
packing, warehousing, shipping (but not delivering), maintenance,

23
Section Number Instructions
repair, product development, auxiliary production for plant’s own
use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely
associated with these production operations. Employees above the
working-supervisor level are excluded from this item. Also, these
workers are skilled in that they have some special knowledge or
(usually acquired) ability in their work. A skilled worker may have
attended a college, university or technical school. Or, a skilled worker
may have learned his skills on the job.

Unskilled production workers are workers (up through the line supervisor
level) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspecting,
receiving, storing, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping (but not
delivering), maintenance, repair, product development, auxiliary
production for plant’s own use (e.g., power plant), recordkeeping,
and other services closely associated with these production
operations. Employees above the working-supervisor level are
excluded from this item. Also, these workers are unskilled in that it is
not required that they have special training, education, or skill to
perform their job.
Labor L.5 Number of permanent, full-time skilled production workers that are female. Self-
explanatory

Number of permanent, full-time unskilled production workers that are female.

Self-explanatory
Labor L.6 Full-time temporary or seasonal employees are defined as all paid short-term
(i.e. for less than a fiscal year) employees with no guarantee of
renewal of employment contract) and work 40 hours or more per
week for the term of their contract.
Labor L.8 Average length of employment of all full-time temporary or seasonal employees
refers to the number of months that the worker was contracted for
work that occupied employees for 40 hours or more per week. If
average full-time temporary or seasonal employment was for less
than one month, enumerator should write 1.
Labor L.9 Levels of education for average production worker. Self-explanatory.
Labor L.10 Formal training that has a structured and defined curriculum. Formal
training may include classroom work, seminars, lectures, workshops,
and audio-visual presentations and demonstrations. This does not
include training to familiarize employees with equipment and
machinery on the shop floor, training aimed at familiarizing
employees with the establishment’s standard operation procedures,
or employee orientation at the beginning of an employee’s tenure. In-
house training may be conducted by other non-supervisory employees
of the establishment, the establishment’s supervisors or managers, or
the establishments training centers.
Labor L.11 Percent, by skill category that were trained. Self-explanatory
Labor L.30 Self-explanatory

24
Section Number Instructions
Investment M.1 Self-explanatory
Climate
Constraints
on
Establishment
Productivity N.1 Revenue from:

Manufacturing which is the mechanical, physical, or chemical

transformation of materials or substances into new products. The
assembly of components into new products is also considered
manufacturing, except when it is construction. Establishments in the
manufacturing sector are often described as plants, factories, or mills
and typically use power-driven machines and materials-handling
equipment. Also included in the manufacturing sector are some
establishments that make products by hand, like custom tailors and
the makers of custom draperies or rugs. While manufacturers
typically do not sell to the public, some establishments like bakeries
and candy stores that make products on the premises may be
included.

Services consists of insurance, tourism, banking, retail, education,

retailing franchising, restaurants, entertainment, media, leisure
industry, transportation services, healthcare, consulting, investment
and legal advice and services.

Other includes mining, construction, transport.

Productivity N.2 Total cost of labor, including wages, salaries and benefits is the total annual
wages and all annual benefits, including food, transport, social
security (i.e. pensions, medical insurance, and unemployment
insurance).

Electricity is the total annual cost of electric energy purchased from

public or private utility companies or received from other
establishments that belong to the same firm. Exclude the value of
electricity generated and used at this establishment.

Communication services includes annual cost of telephone, data

transmission, telegraph, telex, teletype and all other communication
services purchased in the last complete fiscal year.

Fuel is the total annual cost of all fuels consumed for heat, power,
transportation, or the generation of electricity. Do not include the
estimated costs of fuels, such as sawdust or blast furnace gas,
produced as a byproduct of your manufacturing activities. Include
anthracite and bituminous coal, coke, natural and manufactured gas,
fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline, and all other fuels,

25
Section Number Instructions
including purchased steam. Be sure to include fuel used to power
delivery trucks, fork lifts, or other motor vehicles associated with the
establishment.

Transport for goods and workers (not including fuel) are the total annual cost
of all transportation services to and from the establishment of goods,
supplies, workers and final production. Include expenses of vehicles
such as repair and maintenance and depreciation. Also include total
annual lease payments in case vehicles are leased.

Water is the total annual cost of water purchased from public or

private utility companies or received from other establishments that
belong to the same firm. Exclude the value of water provided and
used at this establishment.

Rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture is the total annual rental

payments made during the year to other companies for use of such
fixed assets such as buildings (including land), machinery and
equipment. Payments for machinery and equipment include use of
production machinery, office equipment, computer systems, and
materials handling equipment, and all other types of machinery and
equipment but not passenger cars, trucks. If the parent or subsidiary
rents property for use of this establishment and pays the rent, the
rents should be reported as if the establishment paid them. Where it
is not possible to separate out rent on land from rent on land and
buildings, enter “DK” for rent on land. If the establishment rents
neither land nor buildings, enter “0” into both cells. Enter “0” if the
establishment does not rent equipment, machinery, or vehicles.
Productivity N.3 Total sales three complete fiscal years ago include the value of all
annual sales counting manufactured goods and goods the
establishment has bought for trading. If an establishment makes
blue jeans and also imports blue jeans to sell, total sales is the value
of all blue jeans sold, both produced and imported. Revenue or
receipts for all services rendered and any sales of merchandise for the
year even though payment may have been received at a later date are
included in total sales. Firms operating on a commission basis should
report commissions, fees, and other operating income, not gross
billings or sales.
Productivity N.4 See definition of production workers in the Labor Section

Compensation includes all annual benefits paid to the worker except

social security tax and other labor taxes paid to the government.
Productivity N.6 Net book value equals the purchase value minus depreciation.

The net book value represents the actual cost of assets at the time
they were acquired, including all costs incurred in making the assets

26
Section Number Instructions
usable (such as transportation and installation) minus depreciation
accumulated since the date of purchase. Included in the assets are all
buildings, structures, machinery, and equipment (production, office,
and transportation equipment) for which depreciation reserves are
maintained. Accordingly, the value of assets at the end of the year
includes the value of construction in progress.
Productivity N.7 The manager should be asked this question. It is designed to ascertain
the market value of the establishment’s capital. Data on equipment
is the most important. You can ask the manager to estimate the
market value if all of the equipment, land and buildings were sold on
the open market. If the respondent states that there is no market, ask
how much the respondent would be willing to pay for the capital,
knowing what it can produce in its current condition. Estimate how
much it would cost to buy machinery in the current market which is
similar in terms of age and characteristics. This estimate is to give an
indication of the capital intensity of the firm. Keep in mind that it is
one of the most important questions on the questionnaire.

27
List of questions used in the Core and Manufacturing and Service Modules
Question Asked in No. of Asked in No. of Asked in No. of
Global variables Manufactu variables Service variables
Core? ring Module?
(Yes/No) Module? (Yes/No)
(Yes/No)

B.1 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1

B.2 Yes 4 Yes 4 Yes 4
B.3 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
B.4 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
B.5 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
B.6 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
B.6a Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
B.6b Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
B.7 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
B.8 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.1 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
C.2 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
C.3 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.4 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.5 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.6 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.7 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.8 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.9 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.10 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
C.11 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
C.12 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.13 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.14 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.15 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
C.16 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
C.17 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
C.18 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
C.19 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.20 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.21 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
C.22 Yes 2 Yes 2 Yes 2
C.23 No 0 No 0 Yes 1
C.24 No 0 No 0 Yes 4

28
Question Asked in No. of Asked in No. of Asked in No. of
Global variables Manufactu variables Service variables
Core? ring Module?
(Yes/No) Module? (Yes/No)
(Yes/No)

C.25 No 0 No 0 Yes 1
C.26 No 0 No 0 Yes 1
C.27 No 0 No 0 Yes 1
C.28 No 0 No 0 Yes 1
C.30 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 2
D.1 No 0 Yes 6 No 0
D.2 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
D.3 Yes 3 Yes 3 Yes 3
D.4 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
D.5 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
D.6 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
D.7 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
D.8 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
D.10 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
D.11 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
D.12 No 0 Yes 2 No 0
D.13 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
D.14 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
D.15 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
D.16 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
D.17 No 0 No 0 Yes 1
D.30 Yes 2 Yes 2 Yes 2
E.1 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
E.2 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
E.3 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
E.4 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
E.6 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
E.11 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
E.12 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
E.13 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
E.14 No 0 No 0 Yes 1
E.15 No 0 No 0 Yes 1
E.30 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
F.1 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
F.2 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
G.1 Yes 2 Yes 2 Yes 2

29
Question Asked in No. of Asked in No. of Asked in No. of
Global variables Manufactu variables Service variables
Core? ring Module?
(Yes/No) Module? (Yes/No)
(Yes/No)

G.2 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1

G.3 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
G.4 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
G.5 No 0 No 0 Yes 2
G.6 No 0 No 0 Yes 2
G.7 No 0 No 0 Yes 1
G.8 No 0 No 0 Yes 1
G.30 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 2
I.1 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
I.2 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
I.3 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
I.4 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
I.30 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.1 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 2
J.2 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.3 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.4 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.5 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.6 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.6a Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.7 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.10 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.11 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.12 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.13 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.14 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.15 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
J.30 Yes 6 Yes 6 Yes 8
K.1 Yes 3 Yes 3 Yes 3
K.2 Yes 3 Yes 3 Yes 3
K.3 Yes 6 Yes 6 Yes 6
K.4 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
N.5 Yes 2 Yes 2 Yes 3
K.5 Yes 8 Yes 8 Yes 8
K.6 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.7 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1

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Question Asked in No. of Asked in No. of Asked in No. of
Global variables Manufactu variables Service variables
Core? ring Module?
(Yes/No) Module? (Yes/No)
(Yes/No)

K.8 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1

K.9 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.10 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.11 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.12 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.13 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.14 Yes 5 Yes 5 Yes 5
K.15 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.16 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.17 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.18 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.19 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.21 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
K.30 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
L.1 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
L.2 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
L.3 No 0 Yes 2 No 0
L.4 No 0 Yes 2 No 0
L.5 No 0 Yes 2 No 0
L.6 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
L.8 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
L.9 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
L.10 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
L.11 No 0 Yes 2 No 0
L.30 Yes 2 Yes 2 Yes 2
M.1 Yes 3 Yes 3 Yes 3
N.1 No 0 Yes 3 No 0
N.2 Yes 4 Yes 8 Yes 4
N.3 Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
N.4 No 0 Yes 1 No 0
N.6 No 0 Yes 2 No 0
N.7 No 0 Yes 2 No 0
Totals 92 133 125 184 105 156

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