Keysight Technologies

PNA Microwave Network Analyzers

The standard in microwave network analysis
Welcome to the world of PNAs –
The most popular microwave network analyzers
The PNA family builds on Keysight Technologies, Inc.’s 40-year legacy of excel-
lence to deliver new standards in speed, accuracy, and versatility for microwave
network analysis. The PNA’s architecture includes high quality, stable hardware
and flexible software. The standard PNA is suitable for testing passive and
active devices such as filters and amplifiers. Users can easily add options to
test mixers, harmonics, intermodulation distortion (IMD), pulsed-RF, antennas
and millimeter-wave (mmwave) components.

Key features
–– Excellent performance
–– High dynamic range: 127 dB at 20 GHz at test port
–– Low trace noise: 0.002 dB rms at 1 kHz bandwidth
–– Fast measurement speed: 4.5 to 26 µsec/point
–– High stability: 0.05 dB/degrees Celsius
–– State-of-the-art calibration capabilities and wide-range of ECal modules
–– Advanced applications for mixer and pulse measurements
–– Single-ended and balanced measurements
–– 32 measurement channels, unlimited traces, and 32,001 points per channel
–– Connectivity with Open Windows XP, USB connectors, LAN, and GPIB

PNA Family
PNA-X PNA PNA-L

2 ports 300 kHz to 6 GHz

2, 4 ports 300 kHz to 13.5 GHz

2, 4 ports 10 MHz to 13.5 GHz

4 ports 300 kHz to 20 GHz

2 ports 10 MHz to 20 GHz

2 ports 10 MHz to 20 GHz
2, 4 ports 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz

2 ports 10 MHz to 40 GHz

2 ports 10 MHz to 40 GHz
2, 4 ports 10 MHz to 43.5 GHz

2 ports 10 MHz to 50 GHz

2 ports 10 MHz to 50 GHz
2, 4 ports 10 MHz to 50 GHz

2 ports 10 MHz to 67 GHz

2, 4 ports 10 MHz to 67 GHz

2 ports 10 MHz to 1.05 THz

2, 4 ports 10 MHz to 1.05 THz

2
Common features across the PNA family

Flexible user interface: Up to 32 measurement State-of-the-art On-line

hard keys, soft keys, 10 markers channels and calibration Help
pull-down menus, per trace unlimited traces capabilities
and touch screen

Configurable Linear, log, Equation editor Quick access

test set available power, CW, and and time-domain for ECal and other
on all models segment sweep analysis USB devices

All PNA models integrate a high resolution display with a touch

screen, which provides a crisp view and easy access to all
data and traces. This enhanced user interface allows intuitive
operation and helps you set up complex measurements quickly.

3
PNA-X – The premier-performance microwave network analyzer

The industry-leading performance and highly integrated configurable nature of the PNA-X make it the ideal solution to address
active device measurement challenges. The PNA-X enables engineers to stay on the leading edge of component testing.

Built-in
signal Internal
combiner switches
for routing
external
signals

PNA-X block diagram (shown with Options 400, 419, and 423).

High quality synthesizers Exceptional flexibility

–– 10 MHz to 13.5, 26.5, 43.5, 50, or 67 GHz –– Built-in signal combiner for easy IMD and hot-S22
–– Internal 2nd source for IMD, hot-S22, and high speed measurements
swept-LO measurements –– Easy pulsed measurements with internal pulse
–– High output power and wide power-sweep range for modulators and pulse generators
testing amplifiers –– Flexible signal routing via internal switches for adding
–– Excellent harmonic performance for accurate external filters, pre-amplifiers, and additional test
harmonic and IMD measurements equipment
–– Accurate true-mode stimulus for balanced –– Optional noise figure measurement capability extends
measurements the suite of measurements available with a single
connection and offers the industry’s highest accuracy
Sensitive and linear receivers –– Front-panel jumpers for direct access to test-port
couplers and receivers
–– High compression point for improved dynamic –– Source and receiver attenuators for better
accuracy measurement optimization
–– More sensitivity for pulsed S-parameter –– Built-in bias-tees simplify amplifier evaluation
measurements –– Three sets of triggering lines for complex test systems

Friendly user interface

–– Large 10.4 inch touch screen display
–– Click-and-drag markers and zoom

4
PNA-X – Testing beyond the limits – Mixers and Converters

PNA’s frequency offset capability offers industry-

leading accuracy and ease-of-use for measuring
mixers and frequency converters.

Mixer measurements

Checklist –– Significantly faster speed for fixed-IF (20 to 30 times

faster than with an external source)
–– Conversion loss/gain, magnitude and phase –– Easy-to-configure multi-stage converter
–– Input match, output match, and LO match measurements
–– Isolation and compression –– LO source control and LO power calibration
–– The two internal independent synthesizers with –– Fast mixer swept-IMD
+13 dBm power and < 60 dBc harmonics eliminate –– The simple two-step SMC calibration provides match-
the need for external synthesizers or components. corrected conversion loss, error-corrected input and
–– Advanced error correction output match
–– Patented vector-mixer calibration for measurement –– Software tuning for embedded LO
of absolute group delay
–– Scalar-mixer calibration (SMC) for match-corrected
amplitude measurements

5
PNA-X – Ahead of the curve – Amplifiers, Pulsed-RF

The PNA-X is an ideal tool for measuring amplifier

specifications, from gain and return loss, to harmonics
and IMD.

Amplifier measurements Pulsed-RF measurements

Checklist Checklist
–– Gain, gain flatness, reverse isolation, and return loss –– Wideband and narrowband detection
–– Simple, fast, and accurate AM-AM and –– Up to four internal pulse generators
AM-PM compression measurements with the –– Up to two internal pulse modulators
Gain Compression Application with 38 dB power –– Pulse widths as narrow as 33 ns
sweep range at 20 GHz, +13 dBm output power –– Point-in-pulse, average pulse, pulse-to-pulse
–– Test harmonics accurately with < 60 dBc source and pulse-profile capability
harmonics. No need for external filters. –– No need for external components
–– Fast swept-IMD measurements using two internal
sources and a built-in signal combiner. IMD application
makes set up and calibration fast and simple. Improve
test speeds by 100 times compared
to spectrum-analyzer-based solutions.
–– Source corrected noise figure measurements with
exceptional accuracy
–– Integrated source attenuators and receiver attenuators
for measurement optimization
–– Perform all of the above measurements with a single
connection using the PNA–X.

6
PNA-L – Advanced capability at an affordable price –
Passive and active devices, On-wafer test

The Keysight PNA-L is designed for your general-purpose

network analysis needs and priced for your budget. With
the same firmware as the PNA, the PNA-L offers the
perfect balance of value and performance. PNA-L provides
efficiency and flexibility in both manufacturing and R&D
applications, for industries ranging from wireless LAN
component production to aerospace and defense.

Use TRL calibration for

accurate in-fixture, on-wafer,
or waveguide measurements.

Basic measurements On-wafer measurements

Checklist Checklist
–– Insertion loss, gain, return loss, isolation, group delay, –– Class of TRL calibrations for accurate measurements
compression, both magnitude and phase –– Differential measurement capabilities with integrated
–– Connectorized, in-fixture, or on-wafer multiport network analyzers
–– Fast and accurate –– Accurate power control and de-embedding algorithm
–– Reliable and repeatable for device characterization
–– Affordable –– Compatibility with on-wafer calibration software for a
total solution

7
PNA-L – Speed and accuracy you can count on –
Balanced/differential measurements and multiport test
Easily measure single-ended, balanced, and mixed-mode
S-parameters, in addition to ratioed and unratioed
receiver measurements.

New multiport components require complicated test plans.

Multiple port combinations must be tested over several
frequency bands, resulting in lengthy tests. To reduce
test time and lower costs, the PNA-L/PNA-X and test set
combinations have been designed for high-speed mea-
surements. To further simplify complex test requirements,
up to 32 independent channels are available, eliminating the
need for recalling instrument states.

Antenna

SAW GSM/TDMA Rx
Duplex
filter
LPF GSM/TDMA Tx
HPF branch
–(1800-
1900 MHz) LPF GSM/TDMA Tx

SAW GSM Rx
LPF branch
–(800- SAW TDMA Rx
900 MHz)

RF switch Rx path
control lines Tx path

Tri-band antenna switch module with balanced and single-ended ports.

Adding a 4-port test set expands
the 4-port PNA-L to an 8-port
system with full 8-port
measurement capabilities.

Differential measurements Multiport measurements

Checklist Checklist
–– Single-ended, balanced, mixed-mode S-parameters –– Multiport configurations optimized for your device,
–– Ratioed and unratioed measurements including full cross-bar
–– Mode-conversion analysis –– Quick-Short-Open-Load-Thru (QSOLT) for fast,
–– True-mode stimulus measurements multiport cal
–– N-port calibration for accuracy and
ease-of-measurements
–– Test-set control part of PNA firmware
–– 32 independent channels for fast measurement
speed

8
PNA-X Enabling Terahertz Network Analysis

4-port 10 MHz to 110 GHz PNA-X network analyzer PNA-X THz network analyzer

S21 measurement of filter N5250C

N5250C vs. 8510XF 8510XF
0
–10
–20
–30
–40
–50
dB

–60
–70
–80
–90
–100
87 89 91 93 95 97 99 101
Frequlency (GHz)
The N5250C PNA-based mmwave system has superb dynamic range. Application of power level control for amplifier gain compression at
Shown here is the S21 of a filter at 94 GHz, compared to the 8510XF. 98 GHz.

Millimeter-wave network analysis Millimeter-wave Measurement Applications

Checklist Checklist
–– Full power-level control with receiver leveling
–– Two- and four-port S-Parameter measurements from
capability
10 MHz to 1.05 THz
–– True-mode differential measurements at millimeter-
–– Single-sweep solutions from 10 MHz to 110 GHz with
wave frequencies
integrated Kelvin bias tee
–– Fully integrated pulsed-RF measurement capability
–– Compact frequency-extender designs for the highest
–– Fully calibrated scalar-mixer measurements
stability measurement system
capability
–– Industry-leading calibration technology for
–– Industry-leading power sweep capability enabling
measurements from 10 MHz to 1.05 THz
gain compression measurements
–– Industry-leading dynamic range without additional
–– Time-domain measurement capability enables high
external sources on the PNA-X based systems
resolution measurements

9
PNA Series simplifies measurements –
When the requirements are difficultModeling, PLTS, Antenna, Materials test
High-frequency design and modeling
Checklist
–– PNA drivers included in Connection Manager for easy
connectivity
–– Simple downloading of S-parameters into ADS for
simulation
–– Save “.s2p, .s4p, snp” files and import into ADS
–– Modeling of devices using IC-CAP and PNA network
analyzers

Physical Layer Test Systems (PLTS)

Checklist
–– RLCG model extraction and eye-diagrams
–– High-speed differential interconnect design
–– Multiple aggressor differential crosstalk

Antenna measurements
Checklist
–– 32,001 points per channel
–– Fast measurement speed, 4.5 µs/pt
–– Forward and reverse sweeps for near-field scans
–– High-sensitivity

Materials measurements
Checklist
–– Measurement of dielectric and magnetic properties
–– Viewing of data in real, imaginary, loss tangent, and
Cole-Cole formats
–– Availability of a variety of techniques to meet your
materials needs

10
PNA-L/PNA/PNA-X comparison table

Device type Required measurements PNA-L PNA PNA-X

Mixers
Frequency-offset mode • • •
Conversion loss, isolation, and return loss • • •
Control of external source for mixer measurements • • •
Second internal source, used as LO on 2-port analyzer •
Second internal source, used as LO on 4-port analyzer • •
Scalar calibrated converter measurements (SMC) • • •
Vector calibrated converter measurements (VMC) • •
Software tuning for embedded LO • •
+13 dBm output power on 2-ports (for LO) •
Compression, AM-PM conversion • • •
Amplifiers
Gain, return loss, and reverse isolation • • •
Power sweep, compression, and AM-PM conversion • • •
Gain Compression Application •
Intermodulation Distortion Application •
Maximum output power level Good Good Superb
Power-sweep range for compression test Good Good Superb
Receiver compression point Good Good Superb
Internal bias-tees • •
Source attenuators •1 • •
Receiver attenuators • •
Connection loop before reference path 2 •
Connection loops for attenuators, etc. • • •
Harmonics measurements • • •
Analyzer source harmonics Good Good Superb
Intermodulation distortion • • •
Second internal source for IMD on 2-port analyzer •
Second internal source for IMD on 4-port analyzer • •
Internal combiner for IMD testing •
Hot-S22 Good Superb
Noise figure •
Pulsed-RF
Built-in pulse generator and modulators •
Wideband detection Good • Superb
Narrowband detection Good Superb
Pulse-profile • • •
Point-in-pulse • • •
Average pulse • • •
Pulse-to-pulse • • •
Legend
• Solution available
1.  4-port PNA-L has one source attenuator. Blank Solution not available
4-port PNA-X has 4 source attenuators. Good and superb Solution available, quality of
2.  Applicable to high-power amplifier testing or solution qualified. For example, with maximum output
power levels, all PNAs have output power, but the
integration of the external test equipment.
PNA-X has the highest output power.
11
PNA – State-of-the-art calibration capabilities

Calibrating network analyzers is critical for high accuracy measurements and can be particularly challenging in non-
coaxial environments such as fixtures, wafers, or waveguides. Additionally, 3- and 4-port devices are more prevalent than
ever and require more sophisticated calibration procedures. The need has never been greater for calibration tools that are
more accurate and easier to use. The PNA’s state-of-the-art calibration techniques help solve these challenges, enhance
ease-of-use, and improve accuracy.

High-performance ECal modules

–– High-performance ECal modules, 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz,
10 MHz to 67 GHz and more
–– Nine connector types, mixed-connector modules
–– User characterization for adding adapters

Calibration for non-insertable devices

–– Unknown through calibration
–– QSOLT and n-port calibration (6-port, 8-port, 12-port,
etc) for multiport test systems
–– Databased-model and expanded math calibrations for
highest accuracy

In-fixture measurements
–– Frequency response cal, 1-port cal, 2-port cal,
enhanced response-cal, TRL/TRM cal and adapter-
removal cal
–– An easy-to-use uncertainty calculator, and a
comprehensive application note on calibration
standards
–– Automatic port extension removes loss and delay for
in-fixture devices

Advanced mixer and amplifier calibrations

Learn how to set up a custom
–– The patented vector mixer calibration and the popular
calibration kit with scalar-mixer calibration
application note 5989-4804EN, –– De-embedding of attenuators and the new fast
Specifying Calibration source power calibration technique for amplifier
measurements
Standards and Kits for Keysight
–– De-embedding of probes and waveguides in mixer
Vector Network Analyzers measurements
–– Unique noise figure calibration removes the effects of
imperfect system source match

12
PNA - The standard for accuracy

All the network analyzers in the PNA family are known for their high-levels of stability, contributing to accurate calibra-
tions and measurements. With the PNA-X, users can benefit from exceptional levels of dynamic accuracy. For users in
nonlinear environments, the PNA’s Scalar Mixer Calibration provides a higher level of measurement accuracy.

S21 vector mag drift

0.1
0.09 Stability of a 20 GHz PNA over a 30-hour
0.08
0.07
period 1
Log mag (dB)

0.06
It is clear that the more stable the hardware, the better
0.05
0.04 the calibration, since it can correct the errors better. The
0.03 calibration will remain stable as a function of time and
0.02
temperature, and calibrations will not need to be updated
0.01
0 20 as often.
15
35 30 10
25 20 15 10 5
5 0 0 Freq (GHz)
Time (hrs)

0.1
Dynamic accusracy (dB)

0.05 Typical dynamic accuracy of a PNA-X, with

0 –20 dBm power
–0.05 If you are measuring a device with 20 dB insertion loss,
–0.1 the contribution of the dynamic accuracy error (receiver
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 linearity) is less than 0.01 dB.
S21 (dB)

–15
Conversion loss (dB)

–20
Scalar-mixer calibration versus a simple
power meter/receiver calibration
–25 SC21
Conversion loss Note the effects of mismatch that are corrected for by SMC.
–30
3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Frequency (GHz)

S21 vector mag drift

1
0.9 110 GHz PNA drift over a 24-hour period 1
0.8
As you can see on the graph, the 110 GHz PNA drifts less
0.7
0.6
than 0.7 dB, after 24 hours, at 110 GHz. Keysight’s 110
Log mag (dB)

0.5
GHz PNA system is the most stable mmwave system in the
0.4
industry.
0.3
0.2

0.1
0
30 20 100 120
10 20 40 60 80
0
Time (hrs) Freq (GHz)

1.  Measurements made at 25 ± 1 degree Celcius.

13
Outstanding performance

Parameter 20 GHz 2-port 20 GHz 2-port 20 GHz 4-port 26.5 GHz 2-port 26.5 GHz 4-port
PNA PNA-L PNA-L PNA-X PNA-X
E8362C N5230C Opt 220 N5230C Opt 240 N5242A Opt 200 N5242A Opt 400
Frequency range 10 MHz to 20 GHz 10 MHz to 20 GHz 300 kHz to 20 GHz 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz
# of Ports 2 2 4 2 4
Dynamic range 1
123 dB 108 dB 103 dB 127 dB 127 dB
Noise floor –120 dBm –105 dBm –106 dBm –114 dBm –114 dBm
Max output power +3 dBm +3 dBm –3 dBm +13 dBm +13 dBm
0.1 dB compression –5 dBm input +6 dBm input +9 dBm input +12 dBm input +12 dBm input
Trace noise 0.006 dB rms 0.006 dB rms 0.010 dB rms 0.005 dB rms 0.005 dB rms
1 kHz IFBW 1 kHz IFBW 100 kHz IFBW 100 kHz IFBW 100 kHz IFBW
0 dBm –5 dBm –5 dBm –5 dBm –5 dBm
ALC range 27 dB 23 dB 22 dB 38 dB 38 dB
Max IFBW 40 kHz 250 kHz 600 kHz 5 MHz 5 MHz
Speed 26 µs/pt 9 µs/pt 4.5 µs/pt 4.5 µs/pt 4.5 µs/pt
Display size, LCD 21.3 cm 21.3 cm 21.3 cm 26.4 cm 26.4 cm
Touch screen Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Parameter 40 GHz 40 GHz 43.5 GHz

PNA-L PNA PNA-X
N5230C Option 420 E8363C N5244A Option 200
Frequency range 10 MHz to 40 GHz 10 MHz to 40 GHz 10 MHZ to 43.5 GHz
Dynamic range 90 dB 110 dB 119 dB
Noise floor –95 dBm –114 dBm –110 dBm
Max output power –5 dBm –4 dBm +9 dBm
0.1 dB compression –8.5 dBm –12.5 dBm +13 dBm
Trace noise (1 kHz) 0.020 dB rms 0.006 dB rms 0.003 dBms
ALC range 20 dB 20 dB 34 dB
Max IFBW 250 kHz 40 kHz 5 MHz
Speed 9 µs/pt 26 µs/pt 4.5 µs/pt

0 +25
2nd harmonic level (dBc)

–20 +20
Power (dBm)

–40 +15

–60 +10

–80 +5

–100 +00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 5 10 15 20 25
Frequency (GHz) Frequency (GHz)

N5242A Typical PNA-X source harmonics N5242A Typical PNA-X output power

1.  20 GHz, test port, 10 Hz IFBW.

14
Completing the solution

Protect confidential data

The best method for maintaining security is to remove the
hard disk drive. The PNA provides the removable hard disk
drive as a standard feature, enabling you to easily remove
the drive and keep it safe in a secure area.

Protect your software investment

Keysight protects your 8753, 8720 and 8510 software
investment by providing migration tools to reduce your
code conversion effort.
www.keysight.com/find/nadisco

Network analyzer forum

Visit the online network analyzer discussion forum where
you can learn how your peers are solving some of their
most challenging measurement problems.
www.keysight.com/find/keysight_naforum

Web resources
Visit our Web sites for additional product information and literature.
PNA-X microwave network analyzers Antenna test
www.keysight.com/find/pna-x www.keysight.com/find/antenna

PNA-L microwave network analyzers Electronic calibration (ECal) modules

www.keysight.com/find/pnal www.keysight.com/find/ecal

PNA microwave network analyzers RF and microwave accessories

www.keysight.com/find/pna www.keysight.com/find/accessories

ENA RF network analyzers Mechanical and electronic calibration

www.keysight.com/find/ena kits and pulsed-RF measurements
www.keysight.com/find/pulsedrf
Physical layer test systems
www.keysight.com/find/plts Materials measurements:
www.keysight.com/find/materials
Multiport test solutions
www.keysight.com/find/multiport

15
16 | Keysight | PNA Microwave Network Analyzers | Brochure

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This information is subject to change without notice.

© Keysight Technologies, 2017
Published in USA, December 2, 2017
5989-7604EN
www.keysight.com