APNI UNIVERSITY PRESENTS

EXAM SUTRA

ESTMCQ BOOK
Preface

The importance of Advance Java is well known in various engineering fields.

Overwhelming response to our last year exam sutra series inspired us to create this
book. This book is structure to cover the key aspects of the subject Advance Java.

All the questions in the book are very important for the upcoming MSBTE summer
2020 exam. All care has beentaken tomake students comfortable in understanding the
basic concepts of the subject.

The most important part of this kit is, we are not only providing the books but the
exams too at three different levels (basic, intermediate & advanced). The students
only need to study the book and co-operate us till exam.

We wish to express our profound thanks to all those who helped in making this
book realty. Much needed moral support and encouragement is provided on
numerous occasions by our whole family. We wish to thank the entire team of Apni
University who has taken immense pain to get this book in time with this quality.

Any suggestion for the improvement of the books will be acknowledged and well
appreciated.
Chapter 1

Question

Which of these causes the sea level chnge over flooding due to process of melting of
snow?

a. Global warming

b. ozone layer

c. both a and b

d. none of these

ans-c

Question

Which of them can be recycled?

a. paper

b.plastic

c.metal

d.all

ans-d
Question

Recycle of plastic can also minimize air pollution.

a. yes

b.no

c. neithet yes nor false

d.none

ans-a

Question

Recycling is best process to control pollution.

a. true

b. false

c.neither true nor false

d.none

ans-a

Question

O3 is known as

a. atmosphere

b.ozone
c.oxygen

d.all of these

ans-ii

Question

Third world war have impact

a.litosphere

b.hydrosphere

c.biosphere

d.all

ans-d

Question

Environment consist of

a.litosphere

b.hydrosphere

c.biosphere

d.all

ans-d

Question

Litosphere,hydrosphere,biosphere and atmosphere form

a.environment

b.pollution

c.pollutamt

d.none

ans-a

Question

which gas gets deposited in lower layer of atmosphere due to decomposition of

organic matter?

a. methane

b.ethane

c.nitrogen

d none

ans-a

Question

Due to acid rain,how pH of soil gets affected?

a. pH decreases

b. pH increases

c.pH is unaffected

d. none

ans-a
Question

Due to acid rain,how fertility of soil gets affected?

a.soil gets more fertile

b.soil remains unaffected

c.fertility of soil reduces

d.none

ans-c

Question

)Ozonosphere is aseperate layer in stratosphere, at a height of

a.10-20 kms from sea level

b.15-30 kms from sea level

c.30-40 kms from sea level

d.none

ans-b

Question

In ecosystem, which one shows one way passage?

a) Nitrogen

b) Carbon
c) Potassium

d) Free energy

ans-d

Question

Upper part of sea / aquatic ecosystem contains.

a) Plankton

b) Elkton

c) Benthos

d) Plankton and nekton

ans-a

Question

Association of animals when both partners are benefited

a) Mutualism

b) Colony

c) Commensalism

d) Ammensalism

ans-a

Question

The sum of total of population of same kind of organism constitute

a) Colony

b) Species

c) Genus

d) Community

ans-b

Question

This biome has greatest diversity of species

a) Tropical rain forest

b) Taiga

c) Arctic Tundra

d) Desert

e) Temperate grassland

Question

Many individuals of the same species living together in a defined area from a/an

a) Community

b) Genus

c) Population

d) Ecosystem

e) Variety

ans- d
Question

Which one of the following is not a functional unit of ecosystem?

a) Productivity

b) Stratification

c) Energy flow

d) Decomposition

ans- b

Question

The upright pyramid of number is absent in

a) Lake

b) Grassland

c) Pond

d) Forest

ans- c

Question

Identify possible link in ‘’?” in the following food chain“?”

a) Cobra

b) Parrot

c) Rabbit
d) Wolf

ans- c

Question

The final stable community in ecological succession

a) Climax

b) Sere

c) Pioneers

d) Carnivores

ans-d

Question

A renewable exhaustible natural resource is

a) Petroleum

b) Coal

c) Forest

d) Minerals

ans- c

Question

About 70% of total global carbon is found in

a) Forests
b) Grasslands

c) Agro ecosystem

d) Oceans

ans-d

Question

The maximum Biomass occurs in

a) tropical rainforest

b) TemperaTropical forestste forests

c) Taiga

d) Alpine vegetation

ans-c

Question

A ----------- is a step in the food chain

a) Community

b) Biosphere

c) Food web

d) Trophic level

ans- c

Question
------------- is/are the ultimate source of energy for all life on the earth

a) Plants

b) Decomposers

c) Sunlight

d) Water

ans- c

Question

------------ is the science that seeks to understand the living world

a) Biology

b) Ecology

c) Chemistry

d) Physics

ans-c

Question

The study of ecosystem is called

a) Environment

b) Ecology

c) E- study

d) Cosmos

ans- b
Question

The grazing food chain derives energy from ---------- energy

a) Plant

b) Fish

c) Animals

d) Sun

ans- d

Question

Energy flow through an ecosystem was explained by

a) E.P. Odum

b) E.P. Rax

c) E.P. Zen

d) E.P. Watson

ans- c

Question

About 1/3 rd of our land is covered by

a) Deserts

b) Grasslands

c) Water
d) Forest

ans- c

Question

Which of following is a renewable source?

a) Wind

b) water

c) Flora and Fauna

d) All of these

ans- d

Question

________ is major raw material for biogas.

a) tree leaves

b) Grass

c) cow dung

d) Waste from kitchen

ans- c

Question

Atomic energy is obtained by using ores of ________

a) copper
b) uranium

c) lead

d) crude oil

ans-d

Question

Minimum time required for formation of one inch of top soil is

a) 10 years

b) 5 years

c) 100 years

d) 200 years

ans-d

Question

Blue baby syndrome(methamogiobinemia)

a) Sulpher

b) Arsenic

c) Phosphates

d) Nitrates

ans-b

Question
Out of total water reserves of the world, about _______ is salty water (marine) and
only ______ is fresh water

a) 97%,3%

b) 3%,97%

c) 1%,99%

d) 2%,98%

Question

The main Green House gas is absorbed by forest as raw material for photosynthesis.

a) O2

b) CO2

c) SO2

d) O3

ans- a

Question

The main driving force of ecological system is

a) Wind energy

b) Water energy

c) Solar energy

d) Earth energy

ans-a
Question

SNG stands for

a) Synthetic Natural Gas

b) Systematic Natural Gas

c) Sulphuric Natural Gas

d) Silver Natural Gas

ans-a

Question

Natural resources do not include

a) Water

b) Air

c) Refined oil

d) Wood

ans- c

Question

Which option below is not an example of pollution?

a) Smog in Delhi

b) Nuclear Waste

c) Overpopulation
d) Untreated sewage

ans- a

Question

What was approximate world population of human in year 2008?

a) 667 million

b) 66 billion

c) 6.67 billion

d) 6.67 million

ans- b

Question

Ideally cover of forest should be______of total area of country.

a) 23%

b) 30%

c) 33%

d) 40%

ans- d

Question

Which of the following sources provides the least energy for industrialized
countries?
a) Petroleum

b) Nuclear Fuels

c) Coal

d) Gas

ans- b

Question

Biogas Generation is mainly based on the principle of

a) Anaerobic Degradation

b) Aerobic decomposition

c) Putrefaction

d) None of these

ans- d

Question

Biotic component of biosphere is not constituted by____

a) Producer

b) Decomposer

c) Consumer

d) Air

ans- a
Question

Oxygen is returned to atmosphere mainly by_____

a) Respiration

b) Photosynthesis

c) Fungi

d) Burning of coal

ans- b

Question

Chemical released by chlorofluorocarbons is –

i) Nitrogen

ii) Sulphuric acid

iii) Chlorine

iv) Sodium chloride

Ans- iii) Chlorine

Question

In the atmosphere, tiny solid or liquid suspended particles of various composition

are called:

i) Aerosols

ii) Carcinogens
iii) Greenhouse Gases

iv) Microbes

Ans- i) Aerosols

Question

Identify the non Green-House Gas (GHG) from the following:

i) Methane

ii) Nitrous Oxide

iii) CFCs

iv) Carbon Monoxide

Ans- iv) Carbon Monoxide

Question

In the E- waste generated by the Mobile Phones, which among the following
metal is most abundant?

i) Copper

ii) Gold

iii) Silver

iv) All of the above

Ans- i) Copper

Question
Major consumer of wood form forest is _______________ .

i) Thermal Power Plant

ii) Paper Industry

iii) Chemical Industry

iv) None of the above

Ans- ii) Paper Industry

Question

Biotic component of biosphere is not constituted by……….

i) Producer

ii) Consumer

iii) Decompose

iv) Air

Ans- iv) Air

Question

Suppose last night was clear and clam. Tonight low clouds will be present. From

this you would conclude that tonight’s minimum temperature will be:

i) Higher than last night’s minimum temperature

ii) Lower than last night’s minimum temperature

iii) The same as last night’s minimum temperature

iv) Above freezing

Ans- i) Higher than last night's minimum temperature

Question

Hygroscopic and combined water

i) Are used by plants during transpiration

ii) Compensates for loss due to evapotranspiration by plants

iii) Stored in the xylem tissues of plant

iv) Are of no use to plants

Ans- iv) Are of no use to plants.

Question

The primary composition of coal is _________________ .

i) Carbon

ii) Oxygen

iii) Hydrogen

iv) Nitrogen

Ans- i) Carbon

Question

A layer of sediment or rock that is highly permeable and contains water is called

i) Aquifer

ii) Spring
iii) Glacier

iv) Seepage

Ans- i) Aquifer

Question

Bio gas is a renewable source of

i) Energy

ii) Heat

iii) Light

iv) Fossil

Ans-i) Energy

Question

The most abundantly available fossil fuel in India is ____________ .

i) Coal

ii) Natural Gas

iii) Petroleum

iv) Oil

Ans-i) Coal

Question

Which one of the following is the benefit of rainwater harvesting?

i) Decrease the ground water level

ii) Create good aesthetic view

iii) Provide a lot of water to play

iv) Flood mitigation

Ans- iv) Flood mitigation

Question

Famine is mainly the results of

i) Deforestation

ii) Overuse of surface water

iii) A prolonged drought

iv) All of the above

Ans- iv) All of the above

Question

About ____ % area of earth is Oceans.

i) 75

ii) 40

iii) 30

iv) None of the above

Ans-i) 75
Question

Biodiversity hotspots are also known as

i) Evergreen forests of tropic region

ii) Biologically rich areas with large percentage in endemic species.

iii) Desert area

iv) All of the above

Ans-ii) Biologically rich areas with large percentage in endemic species.

Question

Aravali mountain are covering states such as

i) Gujrat, M.P, Rajasthan

ii) Ladakh Mountain

iii) Coastal region

iv) None of the above

Ans-i) Gujrat, M.P, Rajasthan

Question

Extinction of weaker species by an aggressive alien species is the result of

i) Endemism of weaker species

ii) Habitat loss

iii) The domino effect

iv) All of the above

Ans-iii) The domino effect

Question

First national park established in India is

i) Jawaharlal Nehru National Park

ii) Salim Ali National Park

iii) Dr. Bose National Park

iv) Jim Corbett National Park

Ans-iv) Jim Corbett National Park

Question

A food chain consists of

i) Producers, Consumers, Decomposers

ii) Producers, Carnivores, Decomposers

iii) Primary Producers, Herbivores, Carnivores

iv) Producers, Primary Consumers, Carnivores

Ans-i) Producers, Consumers, Decomposers

Question

Approximately_____ % of the known species are insects.

i) 31
ii) 21

iii) 11

iv) 61

Ans-iv) 61

Question

Anthropogenic source of pollution is

i) Acid rain

ii) Use of chemical fertilizer

iii) Earthquake

iv) All of these

Ans- ii) Use of chemical fertilizer

Question

Increase in concentration of soluble salts in the soil is called ______.

i) Soilification

ii) Soluble-soil

iii) Salination

iv) Desalination

Ans- iii) Salination

Question
Groundwater recharging can be achieved by

i) Recharging pits

ii) Recharging well

iii) Both

iv) None

Ans- iii) Both

Question

As per MPCB norms of treated sewage, the total suspended solids(TSS) in treated

sewage should be less than ____ for discharging into surface water.

i) 50 mg/I

ii) 100 mg/I

iii) 150 mg/I

iv) 200 mg/I

Ans- ii) 100 mg/I

Question

Aerosols cause ______________.

i) Air pollution

ii) Land pollution

iii) Water pollution

iv) None of the above

Ans- i) Air Pollution

Question

As per noise standards, the noise level for hospitals is _____ .

i) 20-30 dB

ii) 30-40 dB

iii) 40-50 dB

iv) 50-60 dB

Ans- ii) 30-40 dB

Question

Domestic wastes which can be decomposed under natural processes are called

_________ pollutants which are relatively harmless.

i) Industrial

ii) Thermal

iii) Biodegradable

iv) Non-biodegradable

Ans- iii) Biodegradable

Question

Environment Protection Act, 1986 came into existence in wake of ________

tragedy.
i) Bhopal

ii) Shimla

iii) Mumbai

iv) Bangalore

Ans:- i) Bhopal

Question

Environmental impact of development projects can be

i) Immediate

ii) Short term

iii) Long term

iv) All of these

Ans- iv) All of these

Question

Damanganga – Pinjal Link is a

i) Dam

ii) Interlinking of rivers

iii) Hydro power plant

iv) Highway

Ans- ii) Interlinking of rivers

Question

Feature of formal education is

i) Education as a Full time and Primary activity

ii) Education as a Part time and secondary activity

iii) Education during vacation

iv) Education as an optional activity

Ans- i) Education as a Full time and Primary activity

Question

How many methods of rainwater harvesting are there?

i) 1

ii) 2

iii) 3

iv) 4

Ans- ii) 2

Question

Information technology can be used to forecast weather using

i) Computer based modelling

ii) Green belt development

iii) Cloud seeding

iv) Protected farming

Ans- i) Computer based modelling

Question

MPCB is entitled to collect which of the following samples in Maharashtra

i) Air Pollutant

ii) Water Pollutant

iii) Hazardous Waste

iv) All of i, ii & iii

Ans- iv) All of i, ii & iii.

Question

Which of the following is management option for air pollution?

a. Regulations and standards

b. Transport planning

c. Using CNG as fuel

d. All of these

Ans-d

Question

Development activities on the hydrosphere cause

a. Air pollution
b. Soil pollution

c. Water pollution

d. Soil erosion

Ans- c

Question

The species restricted to be present in one region are called

a. Edge species

b. Endemic species

c. Endangered species

d. Keystone species

Ans- b

Question

The basic requirements of human beings are provided by

b. Agriculture

c. Nature

d. Urbanisation

Ans- c

Question

Environment is the life support system that includes

a. Air

b. Water

c. Land

d. All of the above

Ans- d

Question

The term ‘Environment’ has been derived from the French word which means to
encircle or surround

a. Environ

b. Oikos

c. Geo

d. Aqua

Ans-a

Question

Biosphere is

a. The solid shell of inorganic materials on the surface of the earth

b. The thin shell of organic matter on the surface of the earth comprising of all the
living things

c. The sphere which occupies the maximum volume of all the spheres

d. All the above

Ans.-b
Question

Atmosphere consists of 79 percent Nitrogen and 21 percent Oxygen by

a. Volume

b. Weight

c. Density

d. All of these

Ans- b

Question

The word ‘Environment’ is derived from

a. Greek

b. French

c. Spanish

d. English

Ans-b

Question

Which among the following is a climatic factor?

a. pressure

b. humidity
c. temperature

d. all of the above

Ans- d

Question

World environment day is on:

a. 5th May

b. 5th June

c. 18th July

d. 16th August

Ans- b

Question

Which of the following are major environmental issues involved in mining?

a. air pollution

b. water pollution

c. soil degradation

d. all of the above

Ans- d

Question
Sustainable development means

a. meeting present needs without compromising on future needs

b. progress of human beings

c. balance between human needs and the ability of earth to provide the resources

d. all of the above

Ans-c

Question

The most important remedy to avoid negative impact due to industrialisation is

a. industry should be closed

b. don’t allow new industrial units

c. industry should treat all the wastes generated by it before disposal

d. industries should be shifted far away from human habitats

Ans- c

Question

Sustainable development will not aim at

a. Social economic development which optimizes the economic and social benefits
available in the present, without spoiling the likely potential for similar benefits in
the future

b. Reasonable and equally distributed level of economic well being that can be
perpetuated continually

c. Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs
of future generations to meet their own needs
d. Maximising the present day benefits through increased resource consumption

Ans-c

Question

The adverse effect of modern agriculture is

a. Water pollution

b. Soil degradation

c. Water logging

d. All of the above

Ans. b

Question

Soil erosion removes surface soil which contains

a. Organic matter

b. Plant nutrients

c. Both a and b

d. none of the above

Ans. a

Question

Water logging is a phenomenon in which

a. Crop patterns are rotated

b. Soil root zone becomes saturated due to over irrigation

c. Erosion of soil

d. None of the above

Ans- b

Question

The impact of construction of dams

a. Submerged forest

b. Loss of wild life habitat

c. Damages downstream ecosystem

d. All of the above

Ans-d

Question

What would you do to prevent environmental damage

a. Plant trees

b. Halt deforestation

c. Control pollution

d. All of the above

Ans- d
Question

Environmental impact assessment

a. is the study of feasibility of a project

b. is a study of bio-physical characteristics of the environment that may result from a

human action

c. Both a and b

d. None of the above

Ans-b

Question

Which of the following is the most environmental friendly agricultural practice?

a. Using chemical fertilizers

b. Using insecticides

c. Organic farming

d. None of the above

Ans- c

Question

A herbivore is also known as a

a. Producer
b. First order consumer

c. Second order consumer.

d. Third order consumer

Ans-b

Question

A product of photosynthesis is

a. Carbon dioxide

b. Water

c. Oxygen

d. Chlorophyll

Ans- c

Question

Primary source of energy in a food web is/are

a. Green plants

b. Sun

c. Inorganic nutrients
d. Animals

Ans-b

Question

A group of living organisms of the same kind living in the same place and at the
same time refers to a

a. Community

b. Species

c. Population

d. Consumers

Ans-c

Question

Which of these organisms has a diet consisting only of plant matter

a. Omnivores

b. Carnivores

c. Herbivores

d. Insectivores
Ans-c

Question

The true end of any food chain is the

a. Decomposer

b. Predator

c. Consumer

d. Human

Ans-a

Question

The second trophic level in a lake is

a. Phytoplankton

b. Zooplanktons

c. Fishes

d. Benthos
Ans-b

Question

Which of the following can act as a pioneer species in a xerach succession

a. Lichens

b. Humans

c. Herbs

d. Animals

Ans-a

Question

Energy flow in an ecosystem is

a. Bidirectional

b. Unidirectional

c. Multidirectional

d. All rounds
Ans-c

Question

Which of the following is an example of a man-made ecosystem

a. Tissue culture

b. Herbarium

c. Aquarium

d. Forest

Ans- c

Question

Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always

a. Inverted

b. Upright

c. Linear

d. Irregular
Ans-b

Question

If in a population, natality is balanced by mortality, then there will be

a. Decrease in population growth

b. Increase in population growth

c. Zero population growth

d. Over population

Ans-c

Question

Which of these belong to the category of primary consumers in grazing food chain

a. snakes and frogs

b. Insects and cattle

c. Eagle and snakes

d. Cow and rabbit

Ans- d

Question

The pyramid of energy is always upright for any ecosystem, this situation indicates
that

a. Herbivores have better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores

b. Producers have the lowest energy conversion efficiency

c. Carnivores have a better energy conversion efficacy than herbivores

d. Energy conversion efficiency is same at all trophic levels

Ans-d

Question

Which of the ecological pyramid is always upright

a. Pyramid of numbers

b. Pyramid of biomass

c. Pyramid of energy

d. All of the above

Ans-c
Question

Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle

a. Nitrogen cycle

b. Carbon cycle

c. Sulphur cycle

d. Phosphorus cycle

Ans- d

Question

Deserts, grasslands, forests and tundra regions are the examples of

a. Biomes

b. Biogeographically regions

c. Ecosystems

d. Biospheres

Ans- c
Question

The upright pyramid of numbers is absent in

a. Lake

b. Pond

c. Grasslands

d. Forests

Ans- d

Question

The final stable community in ecological succession is

a. Climax

b. Pioneer

c. Sere

d. Carnivores

Ans- a
Question

Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any given time is called

a. Standing state

b. Standing crop

c. Humus

d. Detritus

Ans- b

Question

Hydrarch succession takes place in

a. Dry areas

b. Bare area

c. Wetter areas

d. None of the above

Ans- c
Question

A herbivore is also known as a

a. Producer

b. First order consumer

c. Second order consumer.

d. Third order consumer

Ans- b

Question

A product of photosynthesis is

a. Carbon dioxide

b. Water

c. Oxygen

d. Chlorophyll

Ans-c
Question

Primary source of energy in a food web is/are

a. Green plants

b. Sun

c. Inorganic nutrients

d. Animals

Ans-b

Question

A group of living organisms of the same kind living in the same place and at the
same time refers to a

a. Community

b. Species

c. Population

d. Consumers

Ans-c
Question

Which of these organisms has a diet consisting only of plant matter

a. Omnivores

b. Carnivores

c. Herbivores

d. Insectivores

Ans-c

Question

The true end of any food chain is the

a. Decomposer

b. Predator

c. Consumer

d. Human

Ans-a
Question

The second trophic level in a lake is

a. Phytoplankton

b. Zooplanktons

c. Fishes

d. Benthos

Ans- b

Question

Which of the following can act as a pioneer species in a xerach succession

a. Lichens

b. Humans

c. Herbs

d. Animals

Ans-a
Question

Energy flow in an ecosystem is

a. Bidirectional

b. Unidirectional

c. Multidirectional

d. All rounds

Ans- c

Question

Which of the following is an example of a man-made ecosystem

a. Tissue culture

b. Herbarium

c. Aquarium

d. Forest

Ans- c
Question

Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always

a. Inverted

b. Upright

c. Linear

d. Irregular

Ans- b

Question

If in a population, natality is balanced by mortality, then there will be

a. Decrease in population growth

b. Increase in population growth

c. Zero population growth

d. Over population

Ans- c

Question
In a pyramid of numbers in grassland ecosystems, the largest population is that of

a. Herbivores

b. Primary consumers

c. Secondary consumer

d. Producers

Ans-a

Question

Which of these belong to the category of primary consumers in grazing food chain

a. snakes and frogs

b. Insects and cattle

c. Eagle and snakes

d. Cow and rabbit

Ans- d

Question

The pyramid of energy is always upright for any ecosystem, this situation indicates
that

a. Herbivores have better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores

b. Producers have the lowest energy conversion efficiency

c. Carnivores have a better energy conversion efficacy than herbivores

d. Energy conversion efficiency is same at all trophic levels

Ans- d

Question

Which of the ecological pyramid is always upright

a. Pyramid of numbers

b. Pyramid of biomass

c. Pyramid of energy

d. All of the above

Ans-c

Question

Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle

a. Nitrogen cycle
b. Carbon cycle

c. Sulphur cycle

d. Phosphorus cycle

Ans-d
Question

Deserts, grasslands, forests and tundra regions are the examples of

a. Biomes

b. Biogeographically regions

c. Ecosystems

d. Biospheres

Ans-c

Question

The upright pyramid of numbers is absent in

a. Lake

b. Pond

c. Grasslands

d. Forests
Ans-d

Question

The final stable community in ecological succession is

a. Climax

b. Pioneer

c. Sere

d. Carnivores

Ans-a

Question

Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any given time is called

a. Standing state

b. Standing crop

c. Humus

d. Detritus
Ans- b

Question

Antarctic treaty formalized in year__

a.1959

b.1992

c.1981

d.1980

Ans-a
Chapter 2

Question

Hydrarch succession takes place in

a. Dry areas

b. Bare area

c. Wetter areas

d. None of the above

Ans. c

Question

A herbivore is also known as a

a. Producer

b. First order consumer

c. Second order consumer.

d. Third order consumer

Ans. b
Question

A product of photosynthesis is

a. Carbon dioxide

b. Water

c. Oxygen

d. Chlorophyll

Ans. c

Question

Primary source of energy in a food web is/are

a. Green plants

b. Sun

c. Inorganic nutrients

d. Animals

Ans. b

Question
A group of living organisms of the same kind living in the same place and at the
same time refers to a

a. Community

b. Species

c. Population

d. Consumers

Ans. c

Question

Which of these organisms has a diet consisting only of plant matter

a. Omnivores

b. Carnivores

c. Herbivores

d. Insectivores

Ans. c

Question

The true end of any food chain is the

a. Decomposer
b. Predator

c. Consumer

d. Human

Ans. a

Question

The second trophic level in a lake is

a. Phytoplankton

b. Zooplanktons

c. Fishes

d. Benthos

Ans. b

Question

Which of the following can act as a pioneer species in a xerach succession

a. Lichens

b. Humans

c. Herbs
d. Animals

Ans. a

Question

. Energy flow in an ecosystem is

a. Bidirectional

b. Unidirectional

c. Multidirectional

d. All rounds

Ans. c

Question

Which of the following is an example of a man-made ecosystem

a. Tissue culture

b. Herbarium

c. Aquarium

d. Forest

Ans. c
Question

Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always

a. Inverted

b. Upright

c. Linear

d. Irregular

Ans. b

Question

If in a population, natality is balanced by mortality, then there will be

a. Decrease in population growth

b. Increase in population growth

c. Zero population growth

d. Over population

Ans. c
Question

In a pyramid of numbers in grassland ecosystems, the largest population is that of

a. Herbivores

b. Primary consumers

c. Secondary consumer

d. Producers

Ans. a

Question

Which of these belong to the category of primary consumers in grazing food chain

a. snakes and frogs

b. Insects and cattle

c. Eagle and snakes

d. Cow and rabbit

Ans. d
Question

The pyramid of energy is always upright for any ecosystem, this situation indicates
that

a. Herbivores have better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores

b. Producers have the lowest energy conversion efficiency

c. Carnivores have a better energy conversion efficacy than herbivores

d. Energy conversion efficiency is same at all trophic levels

Ans. d

Question

Which of the ecological pyramid is always upright

a. Pyramid of numbers

b. Pyramid of biomass

c. Pyramid of energy

d. All of the above

Ans. c
Question

. Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle

a. Nitrogen cycle

b. Carbon cycle

c. Sulphur cycle

d. Phosphorus cycle

Ans. d

Question

Deserts, grasslands, forests and tundra regions are the examples of

a. Biomes

b. Biogeographically regions

c. Ecosystems

d. Biospheres

Ans. c

Question
The upright pyramid of numbers is absent in

a. Lake

b. Pond

c. Grasslands

d. Forests

Ans. d

Question

The final stable community in ecological succession is

a. Climax

b. Pioneer

c. Sere

d. Carnivores

Ans. a

Question
Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any given time is called

a. Standing state

b. Standing crop

c. Humus

d. Detritus

Ans. b

Question

Hydrarch succession takes place in

a. Dry areas

b. Bare area

c. Wetter areas

d. None of the above

Ans. c

Question

Which of the following is a fossil fuel?

a. Oil

b. Coal

c. Natural gas

d. All of the above

Ans. b

Question

Which of the following is not an inexhaustible form of energy?

a. Water

b. Wind

c. Solar

d. Fossil

Ans. c

Question

Biogas contains mainly

a. Methane
b. Propane

c. Butane

d. Carbon dioxide

Ans. a

Question

The burning of fossil fuels releases a large amount of

a. Nitrogen into air

b. Sulphur into air

c. Carbon dioxide into air

d. Oxygen into air

Ans. b

Question

A poisonous gas given out of a vehicle exhaust is

a. Methane

b. Ethane
c. Carbon dioxide

d. Carbon monoxide

Ans. d

Question

The purest form of coal is

a. Anthracite

b. Lignite

c. Peat

d. Bitumen

Ans. c

Question

Which one of the following is used as a refrigerant?

a. Freon

b. Teflon

c. Ethanol
d. Benzol

Ans. a

Question

Loss of forest has led to

a. Erosion of fertile soil

b. Global warming

c. Loss of habitat of plants and animals

d. All of the above

Ans. d

Question

What are the consequences of excessive mining in an area?

a. Air and water pollution

b. Deforestation

c. Migration of large numbers of population

d. All of the above

Ans. d

Question

Resources which are directly derived from nature are referred to as

a. Organic resources

b. Natural resources

c. Man made resources

d. None of the above

Ans. b

Question

Resources that take too long a period of time to be used as a resource are called as

a. Renewable resource

b. Non-renewable resource

c. Exhaustible resource

d. Inexhaustible resource

Ans. d
Question

The fossil fuel that is derived from the dead remains of plants that grew some 250
million years ago is

a. Petroleum

b. Natural gas

c. Coal

d. LPG

Ans. c

Question

A resource that cannot be replaced in a reasonably short time is usually referred to as

a. Renewable

b. Non-renewable

c. Natural

d. Man made

Ans. b

Question
Man made resources are alternative to natural resources for a variety of reasons.
Which of these would not be one of those?

a. They increase variety and choice

b. They are cheaper to produce than natural resources

c. They are made from renewable resources

d. They are better suited for the purpose for which they will be used

Ans. c

Question

Which of these is not a fossil fuel?

a. Coal

b. Oil

c. Natural gas

d. Uranium

Ans. d

Question
A liquid fuel that was formed from the ancient remains of sea plants and animals is

a. Natural gas

b. Petroleum

c. Geothermal energy

d. Coal

Ans. b

Question

. Energy in the rays from the sun is called

a. Solar energy

b. Wind energy

c. Tidal energy

d. Water energy

Ans. a

Question
. Which is a list of renewable resources?

a. Petroleum, geothermal, wind

b. Biomass, geothermal, hydropower

c. Natural gas, wind, biomass

d. Hydropower, solar, wind energy

Ans. d

Question

Energy from the heat inside the earth is

a Natural gas

b. Geothermal

c. Petroleum

d. Terrathermal

Ans. b

Question

A coal deposit that is not economical to mine today would be considered part of our
___________
a. Coal reserves

b. Coal resources

c. Coal reservoirs

d. None of these

Ans. a

Question

Which out of the following are the causes of soil erosion?

a. Unrestricted grazing

b. Over cultivation

c. Deforestation

d. All of the above

Ans. d

Question

The process of restoring forests that once existed but was removed at some time in
the past is known as

a. Afforestation
b. Reforestation

c. Deforestation

d. None of these

Ans. b

Question

Red data book contains data of

a. All plant species

b. All animal species

c. Threatened species

d. Economically important species

Ans. c

Question

IUCN Headquarters is at

a. Morges, Switzerland

b. Paris, France
c. Vienna, Austria

d. New York, USA

Ans. a

Question

Which of the following regions has the maximum diversity?

a. Mangroves

b. Temperate forest

c. Taiga

d. Coral reefs

Ans. d

Question

The most important reason for decrease in biodiversity is

a. Habitat pollution

b. Over exploitation

c. Habitat destruction

d. Introduction of exotic species

Ans. c

Question

Dodo is

a. Endangered species

b. Rare species

c. Extinct species

d. Exotic species

Ans. c

Question

. Blue whale is placed under

a. Endangered

b. Rare

c. Extinct

d. Exotic

Ans. a
Question

Conservation within the natural habitat is

a. Ex-situ conservation

b. In-situ conservation

c. Ex-vivo conservation

d. In-vivo conservation

Ans. b

Question

Which one of the following is not included under in situ conservation?

a. Zoo

b. National Park

c. Wild life Sanctuary

d. Biosphere Reserve

Ans. a

Question
Ex-situ conservation includes

a. Zoo

b. Botanical Garden

c. Germplasm Bank

d. All of the above

Ans. d

Question

Hotspots are regions of high

a. Rareism

b. Endemism

c. Diversity

d. Critically endangered population

Ans. c

Question

Endemic species are

a. Rare species
b. Species localized in a specific region

c. Cosmopolitan in distribution

d. None of these

Ans. b

Question

Which one of the following has the maximum genetic diversity in India?

a. Tea

b. Teak

c. Mango

d. Wheat

Ans. c

Question

Which one of the following regions in India is a hotspot of biodiversity?

a. Sundarbans
b. Western Ghats

c. Eastern Ghats

d. Gangetic plains

Ans. b

Question

. Darwin’s finches are a good example of

a. Convergent evolution

b. Adaptive radiation

c. Connecting link

d. Industrial melanism

Ans. b

Question

Which group of vertebrates comprises of highest number of species

a. Mammals
b. Fishes

c. Reptiles

d. Birds

Ans. b

Question

. 5th June is observed as

a. World environment day

b. World forest day

c. World population day

d. World wildlife day

Ans. a

Question

The unfavorable alteration of environment by human activities is termed as

a. Ecological disturbance
b. Ecological degradation

c. Pollution

d. Catastrophe

Ans. b

Question

Biogas contains mainly

a. Carbon dioxide

b. Methane

c. Butane

d. Propane

Ans. b

Question

Main source of acid rain is

a. Sulphur dioxide
b. Nitrogen

c. Carbon dioxide

d. Carbon monoxide

Ans. a

Question

Treated water can be disinfected by adding

a. Alum

b. Fluorine

c. Chlorine

d. Oxygen

Ans. c

Question

The burning of fossil fuels releases large amount of

a. Nitrogen

b. Sulphur

c. Carbon
d. Hydrogen

Ans. b

Question

Which of the following does not causes air pollution when used for heating purposes

a. Coal

b. Petrol

c. Kerosene

d. Solar energy

Ans. d

Question

pH of rainwater is

a. 5-6

b. 6-7

c. 7-8

d. 8-9

Ans. a
Question

A poisonous gas given out of vehicles exhaust is

a. Carbon monoxide

b. Ethane

c. Methane

d. Carbon dioxide

Ans. a

Question

A common bactericide used in swimming pools is

a. Chlorine

b. Alum

c. Borax

d. DDT

Ans. a

Question
Green house effect is linked to

a. Nitrogen oxides

b. Sulphur dioxides

c. Carbon dioxides

d. Carbon monoxides

Ans. c

Question

Disposable glasses and plates are made up of

a. PVC

b. Polystyrene

c. Polyvinyl alcohol

d. Polypropylene

Ans. d

Question

Aerosols consisting of solid particles produced by combustion

a. Fog

b. Smog

c. Smoke

d. None of these

Ans. b

Question

. Which of the following are consequences of ozone depletion

a. Skin cancer and cataract

b. Reduced growth in plants

c. Shortening of zooplanktons and their breeding period

d. All of the above

Ans. a

Question

Which out of the following is a measure to control air pollution

a. Reduction in use of fossil fuels

b. Increasing use of renewable energy resources

c. Using catalytic convertors in vehicles

d. All of the above

Ans. d

Question

The discharge of warm/hot water directly into rivers is known as

a. Water pollution

b. Thermal pollution

c. Marine pollution

d. None of the above

Ans. b

Question

Yellowing of Taj Mahal is an effect of

a. Acid rain

b. Global warming
c. Ozone depletion

d. All of the above

Ans. a

Question

Identify the aftermaths of acid rain from the following

a. Dissolving and washing away of nutrients from the soil

b. Increasing the acidity of soils, thereby hindering the growth of plants

c. Damaging the building materials/ heritage sites

d. All of the above

Ans. d

Question

Increase in concentration of toxic level in each trophic level is referred to as

a. Eutrophication

b. Biomagnification
c. Bioaccumulation

d. Bioconcentration

Ans. b

Question

. Pollutants that are easily manageable and decomposable in nature are called

a. Biodegradable pollutants

b. Non-biodegradable pollutants

c. Renewable pollutants

d. None of these

Ans. a

Question

The supersonic jets cause air pollution by the thinning of

a. Carbon dioxide layer

b. Sulphur dioxide layer

c. Ozone layer

d. Oxygen layer

Ans. c

Question

Which of the following is the best indicator of SO2 pollution

a. Bryophytes

b. Pteridophytes

c. Lichens

d. Algae

Ans. c

Question

BOD stands for

a. Biotic oxidation demand

b. Biological oxygen demand

c. Biological oxidation demand

d. Biochemical oxygen demand

Ans. b

Question

A river with high BOD value means

a. Highly polluted

b. Highly clean

c. Highly productive

d. None of the above

Ans. a

Question

Which gas is responsible for ozone layer depletion around earth?

a. Carbon dioxide

b. Chlorofluorocarbons
c. Oxygen

d. Nitrogen oxide

Ans. b

Question

What is Kyoto Protocol?

a. It is an agreement among countries to take steps for reducing global warming.

b. It is an agreement among countries to take steps for reducing acid rain.

c. It is an agreement among countries to take steps for planting trees to control

pollution.

d. It is an agreement among countries to start using nuclear energy.

Ans. a

Question

Possible health effects of noise pollution includes

a. Hearing loss

b. Hypertension
c. Cardiovascular effects

d. All of the above

Ans. d

Question

Noise is measured by sound meter and the unit is

a. Hertz

b. Joule

c. Decibel

d. Seconds

Ans. c

Question

Which of the following are major causes of land degradation?

a. Soil erosion

b. Water logging

c. Deforestation

d. Desertification
Ans. c

Question

The main components of photochemical smog is

a. Water vapors

b. Nitrogen oxides

c. Sulphur oxides

d. All of the above

Ans. d

Question

Which gas is responsible for the global warming?

a. Nitrogen

b. Carbon dioxide

c. Noble gases

d. Hydrogen

Ans. b
Question

Which country has organized its cabinet meeting under the sea to drag attention of
the world towards the Global Warming and its threats?

a. Maldives

b. Sri Lanka

c. Fiji

d. Indonesia

Ans. a

Question

. Which of the following effect is responsible for Global Warming?

a. Green house effect

b. Radioactive effect

c. Solar effect

d. Nuclear effect

Ans. a
Question

Which of the following greenhouse gas is entirely anthropogenic in origin?

a. CFCs

b. Methane

c. Carbon dioxide

d. Water vapor

Ans. c
Question

Which of the following statements regarding the greenhouse effect has the lowest
degree of certainty?

a. Addition of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere results in increased heat energy in

the atmosphere

b. Global warming will result in an increase in the number of tropical storms

c. Global warming will result in rising sea levels

d. The concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are increasing due to

human activities.

Ans. b
Question

Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?

a. Methane

b. Ozone

c. Water vapor

d. Carbon dioxide

Ans. c

Question

The two major impacts expected as a result of rising global temperatures are

a. Higher water levels in lakes and streams but more consistent flooding patterns

b. Regional climatic changes and a rise in sea level

c. Longer summers and drier winters

d. Low water levels in lakes and streams and larger floodplains.

Ans. b
Question

How are humans making greenhouse gases of our own?

a. Burning fossil fuels

b. Burning forests

c. With large scale agriculture

d. All of these

Ans. a

Question

The solar radiation that bounces off the earth back towards the atmosphere is mostly

a. Gamma radiation

b. X-ray radiation

c. Ultraviolet radiation

d. Infrared radiation

Ans. d
Question

Things you can do to decrease global warming include

a. Reduce the usage of your air conditioner on high

b. Turn off your light when you are not using them.

c. Use public transports instead of personal vehicles for transportation.

d. All of the above

Ans. d

Question

. Excess atmospheric carbon dioxide increases green house effect as carbon dioxide

a. Precipitates dust in the atmosphere

b. Is opaque to infrared rays

c. Reduces atmospheric pressure

d. Is heavier than other gases

Ans. b
Question

Which of the following is not a potential adverse effect of global warming?

a. More extreme weather patterns

b. Retreat of glaciers

c. Sea level rise

d. An increase of UV-B radiation

Ans. d

Question

. Which of the following processes adds to the removal of carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere?

a. Burning fossil fuels

b. Photosynthesis

c. Respiration

d. Deforestation

Ans. b
Question

. Which is the only country who has not ratified the Kyoto Protocol yet?

a. United States

b. Australia

c. Japan

d. India

Ans. a

Question

Ozone day is observed on

a. 3rd January

b. 16th September

c. 10th November

d. 26th March

Ans. b

Question
Ozone layer is present in

a. Troposphere

b. Mesosphere

c. Thermosphere

d. Stratosphere

Ans. d

Question

Which one of the following gases can deplete the ozone layer in the upper
atmosphere?

a. Methane

b. Ammonia

c. Carbon tetrachloride

d. Sulphur dioxide

Ans. c

Question

Peeling of Ozone umbrella, which protects us from UV rays, is caused by

a. Carbon monoxide
b. CFCs

c. Coal burning

d. Methane

Ans. b

Question

Formation of hole in Ozone is maximum over

a. India

b. Europe

c. Antarctica

d. Africa

Ans. c

Question

Increasing skin cancer and high mutation rate are the result of

a. Global warming

b. Ozone depletion

c. Acid rain
d. Pollution

Ans. b

Question

Which of the following statements about ozone is true?

a. Ozone is a major constituent of photochemical smog

b. Ozone is highly reactive

c. It protects us from harmful UV radiations of sun

d. All of the above

Ans. c

Question

Thickness of ozone layer is measured in

a. Decibels

b. Dobson unit

c. Meter

d. Armstrong unit

Ans. b
Question

. Chlorofluorocarbon releases a chemical harmful to ozone is

a. Chlorine

b. Fluorine

c. Carbons

d. Nitrogen peroxide

Ans. a

Question

In the breakdown of the ozone layer, the ozone (O3) directly reacts with

a. Ultraviolet light

b. Chlorine atoms

c. Oxygen atoms

d. CFC molecules

Ans. b
Question

A population is a group of

a. Individual in a family

b. Individuals in a species

c. Communities in an ecosystem

d. Species in a community

Ans. b

Question

The main cause of world population growth in 18th and 19th centuries was

a. Decrease in birth rates

b. Decrease in death rates

c. Industrial revolution

d. None of these

Ans. c
Question

What is most important factor for the success of animal population?

a. Natality

b. Adaptability

c. Interspecies activity

d. Unlimited food

Ans. b

Question

Human population growth is

a. Horizontal line

b. L-shaped curve

c. J-shaped curve

d. Parabola curve

Ans. c
Question

The main factors contributing to the decline in death rate in 20th century were

a. Improved agricultural practices and increased birth rates

b. Improved health care, sanitation and nutrition

c. Endemic poverty and low levels of education

d. European colonization and improved agriculture practices

Ans. b

Question

. The world population in 2000 was approximately

a. 5.1 billion

b. 2.1 billion

c. 6 billion

d. 8 billon

Ans. c
Question

The average life expectancy around the world is currently

a. Stable

b. Increasing

c. Decreasing

d. Not changing

Ans. b

Question

Exponential growth in population occurs when there is

a. A great environment resistance

b. No environment resistance

c. A fixed carrying capacity

d. No biotic potential

Ans. b
Question

The disease which wiped out 33% of population of Europe in the 12th and 13th
centuries was

a. Cholera

b. Meningitis

c. Plague

d. Diphtheria

Ans. c

Question

A human population is small, there is greater chance of

a. Mutation

b. Gene flow

c. Genetic drift

d. Natural selection

Ans. c
Question

Which of the following is a problem not associated with population growth?

a. Increased resource consumption

b. Environmental pollution

c. Food and energy shortages

d. None of these

Ans. d

Question

Unrestricted reproductive capacity, in a population, is called

a. Birth rate

b. Carrying capacity

c. Fertility rate

d. Biotic potential

Ans. d

Question
The concept that “population increases geometrically while food supply increases
arithmetically” was given by

a. Stuart Mill

b. Charles Darwin

c. Adam Smith

d. Thomas Malthus

Ans. d

Question

Population pyramids are useful to

a. Express the population growth rates

b. Indicate the birth rates

c. Indicate the death rates

d. Express age – sex distribution of a population

Ans. d

Question
The carrying capacity of a population is determined by

a. Population growth rate

b. Natality

c. Mortality

d. Limiting resources

Ans. d

Question

HIV is not likely to be transmitted by

a. Sharing needles of injections

b. Mosquito bites

c. Blood transfusion

d. Breast feeding

Ans. d

Question

Today, the world’s number one problem is:

a. Pollution
b. Population explosion

c. Nuclear proliferation

d. Natural calamities

Ans. b

Question

. Population explosion has occurred in the last

a. 500 years

b. 300 years

c. 400 years

d. 150 years

Ans. d

Question

Study of trends in human population growth and prediction of future growth is

called

a. Demography

b. Psychology

c. Biography
d. Kalography

Ans. a

Question

One of the critical mechanism by which the environment controls population of

species is

a. Spread of disease

b. Removal of excreta

c. Supply of food

d. Control on death rate

Ans. d

Question

If the rate of addition of new member’s increases with respect to the individual lost
of the same population, then the graph obtained has

a. Decline growth

b. Zero growth

c. Exponential growth

d. None of these
Ans. c

Question

The number of babies produced per thousand individuals is called

a. Natality

b. Mortality

c. Immigration

d. Emigration

Ans. a

Question

The zero population growth due to equal birth and death rates is called

a. Fertility rate

b. Replacement level

c. Natural increase

d. Demographic transition

Ans. d
Question

Demographic features of developing countries are

a. High infant mortality, low fertility, young age distribution and uneven population
growth

b. High fertility, high density, high mortality rate and young age distribution

c. High fertility, falling mortality rate, rapid population growth and young age
distribution

d. High density, high mortality, uneven population growth and very old age
distribution

Ans. c

Question

Density of a population (D) is

a. D = S(size) / W(weight)

b. D = S(space) / N(number)

c. D = N(number) / S(space)

d. None of the above

Ans. c
Question

. Each environment supports a limited population depending upon its

a. Biotic potential

b. Carrying capacity

c. Natality

d. Reproductive potential

Ans. b

Question

Group of interbreeding organisms found in a particular area is

a. Population

b. Community

c. Tribe

d. Density

Ans. a
Question

In India, human population has higher number of younger age group because of

a. Long life span and low birth rate

b. Short life span and high birth rate

c. Short life span and low birth rate

d. Birth rate is equal to death rate

Ans. b

Question

. July 11 is

a. World Environment Day

b. World Population Day

c. World AIDS Day

d. World Education Day

Ans. b
Question

. Number of births per 1000 is

a. Growth rate

b. Conception rate

c. Reproduction rate

d. Crude birth rate

Ans. d

Question

Forest improves__quality.

a. wind

b. air

c. noise

d. pollution

Ans. b
Question

. Forest transform __

a. non degradable

b. degradable

c. all

d. none

Ans. b

Question

Timber extraction is done from __

a. degradation

b. deforestation

c. all

d. none

Ans. b