A.History of Philosophy

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History of philosophy

The concept of history plays a fundamental role in human thought. It


invokes notions of human agency, change, the role of material
circumstances in human affairs, and the putative meaning of historical
events. It raises the possibility of “learning from history.” And it
suggests the possibility of better understanding ourselves in the
present, by understanding the forces, choices, and circumstances that
brought us to our current situation. It is therefore unsurprising that
philosophers have sometimes turned their attention to efforts to
examine history itself and the nature of historical knowledge. These
reflections can be grouped together into a body of work called
“philosophy of history.” This work is heterogeneous, comprising
analyses and arguments of idealists, positivists, logicians, theologians,
and others.

And now lets proceed to the philosophers in the history of philosophy


Pythagoras
-lonian Greek Philosopher
- First person to name himself a philosopher or lover of wisdom
-Known for his Pythagorean Theorem in geometry

Thales of Miletus
-First person to explain the world and universe outside mythological
concepts
-He explained that the world was made up of "water"
-Teacher of Pythagoras
Heraclitus
He believed that the world originated from the fire element

Socrates
-First moral philosopher
-Known for his Socratic Method(elenchus) Teacher of Plato
-"Stresses that man must take good care of its soul
-"All human beings desire the good"

Plato
-Student of Socrates and Teacher of Aristotle
-Founder of the Academy of Athens
-"the soul is immortal, even the physical ceased to exist
-Existence of abstract objects
-"Virtue is knowledge"
-The soul is the principle which explains all life

Aristotle
- Student of Plato and Teacher of Alexander the Great
-On his treatise, Peri Psyche, the soul is divided into three types and
each according to each iving being

Saint Augustine of Hippo


-Bishop of Hippus region of North Africa
-Combined Christian doctrine with Platonic ideology
-Believed that everything is connected with God

Saint Thomas Aquinas


-"Believed that truth is to be accepted no matter where it is found
-Followed Aristotelian philosophy
-Reaffirmed the three types of soul (first written by Aristotle)

Ibn al-Nafis
-First to describe the pulmonary circulation of the circulatory system
-Believed that the soul is found throughout the entirety of the body,
not just one of its organs

Rene Descartes
-Father of Modem Western Philosophy
-Father of Analytical Geometry
-Cogito ergo sum ("I think therefore I am")
-Believed that the mind and body is distinct but closely joined

Baruch Spinoza
-One of the pioneers of the Dutch Golden Age
-Opposed Descartes' mind-body dualism
-No one is intrinsically good or evil
NAME:_____________________________________ DATE:__________________

GRADE & SECTION:________________ SCORE:_________________

ACTIVITY
Direction: Read the situation below and answer the question properly and correctly. Use your
knowledge in chemistry specifically on the topics that has already discussed to you. Refer to the
rubrics for scoring

1. Iron is very important in the steel industry. In search for other sources of Iron, Bicol
region bring ore samples to laboratory to check the highest content of Iron to excavate.
Calculate the percent composition of Iron in the following iron minerals found in iron
ores. Which is the best ore with high Fe content to excavate? Explain your answer.
Sample A_ wustite(FeO) Sample B_hematite (Fe₂O₃) Sample
C_FeCO₃

2. The composition of a certain acid was determined and the following was obtained:
b 49.3% C, 6.9%H and 43.8% O.Calculate the empirical formula if the molar mass is 146
d g/mol.

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