10.
2
The Enlightenment
Global 10R
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Unit Background: The Enlightenment called into question traditional
beliefs and inspired widespread political, economic, and social change.
This intellectual movement was used to challenge political authorities in
Europe and colonial rule in the Americas. These ideals inspired political
and social movements.
Unit Vocabulary
Directions: Match the vocabulary term in Column A with its definition in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. Absolutism e a) permission for something to happen or an
agreement to do something
2. Consent a b) a government in which a single person rules in a
cruel way with complete power
3. Hereditary j c) rights that all people are born with and that John
Locke believed the government should protect (ex:
life, liberty, property)
4. Liberty g d) the formal leaders within established religions,
especially within Christianity
5. Natural rights c e) government by an absolute ruler or authority
6. Philosopher h f) the highest class in certain societies, especially
those holding hereditary titles or offices
7. Social i g) the freedom to do what you would like to do
contract
8. Tyranny b h) one who thinks about, questions, and studies the
nature of life, truth, knowledge, and other important
human matters
9. Clergy d i) an agreement between the ruled and their rulers
defining the rights and duties of each
10. Aristocracy f j) passed on from parent to child
1
ENLIGHTENED THINKING
Directions: Indicate whether you agree or disagree with each of the statements below by
highlighting your response.
1. Humans are naturally selfish. AGREE DISAGREE
2. Government is necessary to keep order. AGREE DISAGREE
3. The purpose of government is to protect the rights of the people.
AGREE DISAGREE
4. It is necessary to give up some of your rights in exchange for order.
AGREE DISAGREE
5. It is important that power is separated and not given to one person.
AGREE DISAGREE
6. Humans are naturally good-hearted. AGREE DISAGREE
7. There should be no social classes; everyone should be equal.
AGREE DISAGREE
8. Every person is entitled to an education. AGREE DISAGREE
9. People know how best to govern their own affairs, not the government.
AGREE DISAGREE
10. There would be chaos without government. AGREE DISAGREE
Directions: Choose one statement you disagreed with above and explain why you disagree.
I disagree with the statement that ¨Humans are naturally good-hearted¨ because
the majority of the human population is not necessarily ¨good-hearted¨