G
WHEAT- STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION, TYPES (HARD, SOFT/STRONG, WEAK)
I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, learners are expected to:
1. define the meaning of wheat;
2. classify the structure and composition of the wheat plant; and
3. value the importance of wheat plant
II. LEARNING CONTENT
1. TOPIC: Wheat- Structure, Composition and Types
2. REFERENCE: https://www.slideshare.net/Senthil13k/wheat-42967958
https://www.wheatfoods.org/resources/wheat-facts/kernel-of-wheat/
3. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Manila Paper, Printed Images and Marker
4. VALUES INTEGRATION: Sharing and cooperation
III. LEARNING PROCEDURE:
A. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES:
1.) Prayer
2.) Checking of Attendance
3.) Review/Recall
B. MOTIVATION
INSTRUCTIONS: Fill in the missing letters to complete the words.
1.) Sometimes called wheat berry. It is the seed from which the wheat plant grows.
W_E_T_ER_EL
8 1 11 14
2.) It plays an important role in the bakery industry.
_LO_R
6 21
3.) It is light golden color and is often called "white wheat".
_O_TW_EA_
19 6 8 20
4.) It is the middle layer of wheat kernel.
E_DO_P_RM
14 19 5
5.) It is the outer layer of the wheat kernel.
B_A_
18 14
C. PRESENTATION OF THE LESSON
Wheat Plant has long slender leaves and stems that are curved inward or down in most
varieties. It is the most important cereal among all the grains. From quality wheat we can get
quality flour. The quality of wheat depends up on the following conditions: soil, quality of seeds,
climate, manure and farming techniques. Nutritional components of wheat grain are 12% water,
70% carbohydrates, 12% protein, 2% fats, 1.8% minerals and 2.2% crude fibres.
The history of wheat plant originated 17,000 years ago in the “cradle of civilization” in the
Tigris and Euphrates river valley, near what is now Iraq. Then, it was introduced by the first
English colonists and quickly became the main cash crop of farmers who sold it to urban
populations and exporters. And that’s how it becomes until now.
STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF WHEAT
PARTS:
⚫ROOTS- holds the plant in the soil, transport materials from the soil to the stem, and store
food and water for the plant.
⚫LEAVES- it is where the plants make its food
⚫STEM- it supports the head of the plant and transports nutrients and materials within the plant
⚫HEAD- also called "Spikes", it contains the wheat kernels
⚫BEARD- or "awns", are the long, thin structures that extend from the lemma and give the
wheat heads a bearded appearance
⚫WHEAT KERNEL- it is the seed of the plant and is found in the head. This is the part of the
plant that is ground to make flour.
WHEAT KERNEL Consists of 3 LAYERS:
1.) BRAN- it is the outer layer of the wheat kernel and protects the seed.
- it consists of 14 ½ of the wheat kernel weight
- provides fiber
- contains vitamins, phytochemicals and trace minerals
2.) ENDOSPERM - it is the middle layer of the wheat kernel and it makes up most of the wheat
kernel.
- it consists of 83% of the wheat kernel weight.
- provides energy
- contains protein and carbohydrates
- starchy portion and is a great source of white flour
3.) GERM- it is the inner layer of the wheat kernel
- it consists of 2 ½% of wheat kernel weight
- provides nutrients
- contains antioxidants, Vitamin E, B Vitamins, and healthy fats.
TYPES OF WHEAT
1. HARD/STRONG WHEAT - type of wheat that used to make bread.
a.) Hard red winter and Hard red spring - primarily used as a whole wheat flour.
It has reddish brown color and bullet shape.
b.) Hard white - typically produces a softer bread and is well suited to buns and soft rolls.
Light in color with a plump shape.
2. Soft/Weak Wheat - type of wheat that used to make biscuits, cake and pastries.
a.) Soft red winter – used for cakes, cookies, and crackers.
b.) Soft white – golden-white color and plump shape. It is also suitable for noodles and
middle eastern style flatbreads.
D. ACTIVITY
Instructions: Label the parts of the wheat plant and wheat kernel. The teacher will post a
picture of wheat plant and wheat kernel without labels.
E. ANALYSIS
Guide Questions:
1.) What is Wheat?
2.) What are the parts of Wheat plant?
3.) What are the parts of wheat kernel?
4.) What are the types of wheat?
F. ABSTRACTION
The teacher will group the students into 4-5 groups and share their thoughts through
answering the question, "WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF WHEAT?"
G. APPLICATION
INSTRUCTIONS: Form 4-5 Groups and each group will list 5-10 products that are made
up of wheat.
IV. EVALUATION
ENUMERATION
1-6(Give the parts of wheat plant)
7-10(Give the parts of wheat Kernel)
IDENTIFICATION
1.) It is the outer layer of wheat kernel.
2.) How many percent does the endosperm have?
3.) A part of wheat kernel that provides nutrients.
4.) It is also called Wheat berry
5.) It is a light golden color and often called white wheat.
V. ASSIGNMENT
