CENTRE OF STUDIES FOR QUANTITY SURVEYING

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
SHAH ALAM

ASSIGNMENT 2 - SPECIFICATION

NAME MATRIX NUMBER

MUHAMMAD NAEIM BIN ISMAIL 2020899274
ARMAN SAIFUDIN BIN JAAFAR 2020878176
MUHAMMAD AMINUDDIN BIN HISHAMUDDIN 2020819708
HALIL RAHMAT BIN ZULHADI 2020878876
MOHAMMAD HAFIZ BIN AZLI 2020846756

BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING (HONS)

LECTURER: PN. NOOR AISYAH ASYIKIN BINTI MAHAT

BQS401 (AP224 1B)

MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, we would like to thank all of our teammates Amin, Arman, Hafiz, Halil and
Naeim for their contribution to complete the task given. Even though during these tough times
of pandemic, each and everyone is striving to give their best effort even with resource and time
constraints.

We would also like to express our deep and sincere gratitude to our lecturer, Madam Aisyah
for her support, encouragement and guidance throughout the period of completing this
assignment. We truly appreciate her patience during or after class and understand the situation
we live in right now as not everyone can cope well with online classes. To our parents, we
would like to thank them for giving ample time and space to complete this assignment and
supports us throughout.

Thank You,
Naeim, Arman, Amin, Hafiz, Halil

II
TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 : Developer’s Profile ……………………………………………………………...1
1.2 : Corporate Structure ……………………………………………………………...1
1.3 : Organisational Chart …………………………………………………………….2
1.4 : Developer’s Completed and On-Going Projects ………………………………...4

CHAPTER 2 : INTRODUCTION TO CASE STUDY

2.1 : Case Study’s Profile ……………………………………………………………..7
2.2 : Project Consultants ………………………………………………………………7
2.3 : Location of Case Study ………………………………………………………..….9

CHAPTER 3 : ANALYSIS OF SPECIFICATION OF CASE STUDY

3.1 : Floor Finishes
3.1.1 : Scope of Work ………………………………………………………...10
3.1.2 : Materials To Be Used …………………………………………………10
3.1.3 : Method of Installation ………………………………………………...11
3.1.4 : Quality of Workmanship ……………………………………………...17
3.2 : Internal and External Wall
3.2.1 : Scope of Work ………………………………………………………...18
3.2.2 : Materials To Be Used …………………………………………………18
3.2.3 : Method of Installation ………………………………………………...20
3.2.4 : Quality of Workmanship ……………………………………………...26
3.3 : Roof Finishes
3.3.1 : Materials Used ………………………………………………………..27
3.3.2 : JKR Specification ……………………………………………………..28
3.3.3 : Method of Work ………………………………………………………29
3.3.4 : Quality of Workmanship………………………………………………30

III
CHAPTER 4 : CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
4.1 : Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………...31
4.2 : Recommendation ……………………………………………………………….32

REFERENCES ………………………………………………………………....…...……..33

APPENDICES………………………………………………………………………………35

IV
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 DEVELOPER’S PROFILE
Sime Darby Property was created through the integration of the property arms under the
former Golden Hope Plantations Berhad, Kumpulan Guthrie Berhad, and Sime Darby
Berhad during the 2007 Synergy Drive merger. The vision that this property used is Leader
in Building Sustainable Communities and for their mission is To Create a Place that
Inspires, Connects and Lasts for Generations to Come. Apart from its 20,763 acres of
landbank spanning from Selangor to Johor, Sime Darby Property also has assets and
operations across the Asia Pacific region and the United Kingdom. It is one of the largest
property developers in the country by revenue and gross development value (GDV) of
current project.

1.2 CORPORATE STRUCTURE

Sime Darby Property

Permodalan Kumpulan Wang Amanah Saham

Nasional Berhad UTF (PNB) 7.43% Persaraan (KWAP) Bumiputera (ASB)
5.42% 6.17% 43.96%

OTHERS 25.6% Employees

Provident Fund
(EPF) 11.38%

Flow Chart 1.1: Corporate Structure of Sime Darby Properties

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
1.3 ORGANISATIONAL CHART
1.3.1 BOARD OF DIRECTORS

NON-INDEPENDENT NON-
EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN
Tan Sri Dr. Zeti Akhtar Aziz

SENIOR INDEPENDENT
GROUP MANAGING
NON-EXECUTIVE
DIRECTOR
DIRECTOR
Dato’ Azmir Merican bin
Dato’ Jaganath Derek
Azmi Merican
Steven Sabapathy

INDEPENDENT NON-
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
INDEPENDENT NON-
YAM Tengku Datuk Seri EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Ahmad Shah Alhaj ibni
Dato’ Seri Ahmad Johan
Almarhum Sultan
Mohammad Raslan
Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah
Alhaj

INDEPENDENT NON-
NON-INDEPENDENT NON-
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Datin Norazah Mohamed
Encik Rizal Rickman Ramli
Razali

INDEPENDENT NON-
INDEPENDENT NON-
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Encik Mohamed Ridza Bin
Dato’ Soam Heng Choon
Mohamed Abdulla

Flow Chart 1.2: Board of Directors

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
1.3.2 EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP

GROUP MANAGING
DIRECTOR
Dato’ Azmir Merican
bin Azmi Merican

CHIEF OPERATING
SENIOR ADVISOR
OFFICER - TOWNSHIP
DEVELOPMENT Dato' Wan Hashimi
Albakri Bin Wan
Ir. Mohd Sohimin b.
Ahmad Amin Jaffri
Mohd Alayedin

CHIEF OPERATING
OFFICER - GROUP CHIEF
INTEGRATED FINANCIAL OFFICER
DEVELOPMENT Betty Lau Sui Hing
Quek Cham Hong

CHIEF PEOPLE
CHIEF MARKETING
OFFICER
AND SALES OFFICER
Nurashikhin Md
Gerard Yuen Yun Wei
Sharif

CHIEF RISK,
CHIEF ASSURANCE
INTEGRITY AND
OFFICER
COMPLIANCE
OFFICER Aravindan Devapalan
Nair
Tang Ai Leen

GROUP SECRETARY
Moriami Mohd

Flow Chart 1.3: Executive Leadership

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
1.4 COMPANY’S ON-GOING AND COMPLETED PROJECTS
DETAILS
NAME OF PROJECTS
COMPLETED PROJECTS

1. Cantara Residences, Ara • Cantara Residences is a 23-storey tower with

Damansara 888 serviced apartments with built-ups ranging
from 646 sq ft to 2,077 sq ft, and 13 retail units.
The development will be equipped with 6 acres
of skypark recreational area.
• Cantara Residences is built on one of the last
undeveloped plots in Ara Damansara. It has
great connectivity to major highways and is just
500m from the Lembah Subang LRT station.

Figure 1.1: Front view of Cantara

Residences

2. The Ridge, Taman Melawati Kuala • The Ridge is a high-rise and bigger project
Lumpur consisting of an elevated building of 24 floors.
The development consists of 300 units which are
distributed equally among these floors.
• The residence is accessible via a diverse array of
expressways such as the Middle Ring Road 2
(MRR2) is well-connected to other major roads
such as Jalan Gombak and DUKE Highway
• More than half of the development in this area
is enveloped in natural rainforests, parks, and

Figure 1.2: The Ridge gardens

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
3. Serini Melawati, Kuala Lumpur • Serini Melawati provides 528 units with a listing
price of RM 540 000 to RM 1 200 000.
• The township is equipped with commercial
areas as well as amenities such as jogging track,
parking lot, playground etc.
• The project was started in 2015 and completed
in 2018
Figure 1.3: Serini Melawati

4. City of Elmina, Shah Alam • Located in Shah Alam, Selangor, the City of
Elmina is a 5,000-acre integrated township
along the rapidly growing Guthrie Corridor.
• There are three properties covered throughout
the city which is Reesia, Ilham Residence and
Elmina Green Three

Figure 1.4: City of Elmina

5. Chemara Hills, Seremban • Chemara Hills located strategically in Seremban

providing balance between city and forest.
• There are 78 units available and the project
completed in 2017
• All the units are semi-detached type of housing

Figure 1.5: Chemara Hills

Table 1.1: Sime Darby Property’s Completed Projects

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
IN-PROGRESS PROJECTS
1. The Alcove, Putra Heights • The Alcove is a luxurious low-rise
condominium with a density of only 72 units
• Located strategically in a mature community of
Putra Heights
• Estimated to complete in April 2022

Figure 1.6: The Alcove

2. The Veo, KL East • The Veo is located in Melawati within the
township of KL East.
• It is a luxurious condominium with a total of 350
units available to purchase
• Like many other similar projects, The Veo is
provided with most amenities and retail store.
• It is expected to complete in 2025
Figure 1.7: The Veo

3. Senada Residence, Damansara • This residence is definitely something at the top

of luxurious chain. The residence oversees one
of the most highly apricated golf course in
Malaysia, TPC Kuala Lumpur.
• There are a total of 429 units available and are
expected to complete at the end of 2021.

Figure 1.8: Senada Residence

Table 1.2: Sime Darby Property’s On-Going Projects

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
CHAPTER 2
INTRODUCTION TO
CASE STUDY
2.1 OVERVIEW BACKGROUND OF BUILDING

Alcove condominium is an exclusive premium condominium in the Glades, Putra Heights,

Subang Jaya. The developer of Alcove condominium is Sime Darby Property Group and the
condominium is expected to be complete by 2022. The freehold development comprises two
blocks with only 72 private units. Typically units are sized between 1,259 sq. ft. to 2,174 sq.
ft. with a choice of 3 to 4 bedrooms. The condominiums provided with 4 layout designs which
are type A, type B, type C and type D. Type A, 3 bed rooms designed within 1,259sq. ft. Type
B consists of 3 bedrooms and a utility room designed within 1,475 sq. ft. Type C with 3
bedrooms, a utility room and a study room designed within 1,647 ft. sq. Lastly, type D designed
with the most spacious unit, 4 bedrooms within 2,147 sq. ft. of area features a dual-key design.
All residents can enjoy private access to the Glades Waterfront Clubhouse with concept of
resort living lifestyle facilities such as infinity swimming pool, jacuzzi, sauna, tennis court,
yoga deck and others.

2.2 PROJECT CONSULTANTS

Owner:

Sime Darby USJ Development Sdn. Bhd.

No.15, Jalan Putra Mahkota 7/5C,
Putra Heighs, 47650 Subang Jaya,
Selangor Darul Ehsan

Figure 2.1: Sime Darby Property Logo

Architect:

BEP Akitek Sdn. Bhd.

Architecture Planners & Project Managers
7th Floor, Bangunan 3M, 6A Off Persiaran
Tropicana, Tropicana Golf & Country Resort,
47410 Petaling Jaya

Figure 2.2: BEP Akitek Sdn. Bhd. Logo Selangor Darul Ehsan.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
C&S Engineers:

9A, Jalan SS25/41,

Mayang Industrial Park,
47301 Petaling Jaya,
Selangor Darul Ehsan.
Figure 2.3: Dynamik Technologies

M & E Consulting Engineers; No 4A, Jalan BPU 9,

FADHLULLAH & ASSOCIATES Batu 14, Jalan Puchong,
Bandar Puchong Utama,
47100 Selangor Darul Ehsan.
Contractor:
AIMA CONSTRUCTION SDN. BHD.

No 52-1, Jalan Puteri 5/1, Bandar Puteri Puchong,

47100 Puchong, Selangor.

Figure 2.4: Aima Construction

Quantity Surveyor:
ARH JURUKUR BAHAN SDN. BHD.

224A, Jalan Negara 2,

Taman Melawati,
53100 Kuala Lumpur.

Figure 2.5: ARH Juruukur Bahan

Table 2.1: Project’s Consultants

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
2.3 LOCATION OF CASE STUDY

The Alcove, located in Putra Heights, is directly linked to the ELITE, NKVE, LDP, KESAS,
SKVE and Federal Highways via the Putra Heights Interchange and USJ Interchange. This
highly accessible location is also centrally linked to several areas of urban development, such
as Puchong, Shah Alam, USJ, Subang Jaya, Klang, and Petaling Jaya. Kuala Lumpur City
Centre and KLIA Airport are only 30 km away from the established township of Putra Heights.

Figure 2.6: Location Plan of The Case Study

Figure 2.7: Artist’s Impression of Case Study

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
CHAPTER 3
ANALYSIS OF
SPECIFICATION OF
CASE STUDY
FLOOR FINISHES
3.1.1 SCOPE OF WORK
Paint

Some part of the floors need a paint job and road markings. Road markings are important
as they will provide assistant to road users. Markings such as entry sign, no entry sign,
parking sign and other road marking were all painted with paint of different colour. For
parking areas, the floors were painted to mark a parking boxes to allow cars and motorbikes
to park properly and accordingly.

Normal tiles

Tiles can be made of different materials, colours, shape and sizes. Tiles were used to protect
the floor underneath and also for decoration purposes. Tiles can be cheap or expensive
depending on the types of tiles used. Tiling works is not for some ordinary people. Tiling
works do require some skills to perfect and reduce any defects as low as possible.

Screed

Screeded floor is something very economical to do. Screeded floor is basically a normal
floor without any tiles or panels lay on top. Screeding can be appealing depending on the
design and skill of the worker. Screeded floor were mainly used for unimportant or
uncritical part of the building such as refuse chamber, emergency staircase, service room
and any other uncritical areas. Even though its unappealing properties, it is very
economical, easy to construct and requires very less maintenance.

3.1.2 MATERIALS TO BE USED

• Porcelain tiles (600x600), polished

• 3-Strip engineered timber with aluminium C-channel with timber skirting
• Porcelain tiles (300x600), for bathroom
• Cement render (with waterproofing) for AC compartment
• Cement render
• 9.7mm thick porcelain tiles (300x600) matte with stainless steel inlay

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
3.1.3 METHOD OF INSTALLATION (BASED ON JKR STANDARD
SPECIFICATIONS FOR BUILDING WORKS)

ITEM DESCRIPTION
46. Clearing, Cleaning And Making 46.3 Before handing over of the Works, the Contractor shall scrub
Good On Completion all floors, pavings, staircases et cetera and clean out all gutters,
gulleys, manholes, sumps and drains. The Contractor shall also
clean all glass panes and leave every part of the completed Works
included in this Contract in a clean, sound and tidy condition to
the approval of the S.O.

12.4 Floors 12.4.1 After initial set, the upper surface of cast-in-situ reinforced
concrete floors shall be trowelled smooth with a steel float to true
level and even surface. No screeding of any kind shall be applied
to the floor slabs except where specified. Care shall be taken to
ensure that the steel reinforcement is not displaced or lowered
during trowelling.

12.4.2 For areas, which are to receive rendering or other finishes,

the fresh concrete shall be trowelled to true level or as required
using a long timber trowel. Before it hardens it shall be brushed
with a stiff broom in one direction to give a rough and tidy surface.
12.4.3 The reinforced concrete ground floor slab shall not be laid
directly onto earth surfaces. A blinding layer of 50 mm minimum
thick of lean concrete as specified in sub-section 9.0 shall be laid
on well prepared firm ground. Plastic sheeting or other suitable
material with sufficient overlaps at joints, shall be laid on the
blinding layer before any reinforcement is placed in position.

12.5 Toilet Floors 12.5.1 The Contractor shall ensure that all suspended floor for
toilet areas are constructed to be watertight and leak proof. All
construction method or alternative details proposed by the
Contractor must be based on his acceptance of and compliance

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
with the requirements for watertightness. The Contractor shall
ensure that holes and fixings are properly constructed.

12.5.2 The floor must be concreted in one sequence of operation.

No construction joints for toilet floor are to be allowed. All pipes
and fittings encased in the concrete floor shall be provided with
sleeves to the approval of the S.O and shall be built in-situ. No
holes shall be left for later incorporation of fittings and no
subsequent hacking of floor shall be made. Notwithstanding
whatever shown on the Drawings, all toilet floor slabs shall have
a minimum thickness of 150 mm.
12.5.3 Testing for watertightness
The toilet floor areas should be ponded with water continuously
over a period of 7 days. During this period the exposed soffit shall
show no signs of leakage and remain dry. If any area is found not
to be watertight, the Contractor must repair at his own expense.

4. Tiling Work 4.1 Ceramic Tile

4.1.1 In general all ceramic tiles manufactured locally are using
the `dry-pressed’ manufacturing process and the ceramic tiles are
categorized based on their water absorption rate as defined in the
MS 1294, MS ISO 13006 or the International Standard
Organization (ISO) Standards (ISO 13006).

4.1.2 The methods and materials used in the installation of ceramic

tiles under normal internal conditions shall comply with MS 1294-
1 and the installation of ceramic tiles under normal external
conditions shall comply with MS1294-2.

4.1.3 The installation of tiling works requires skilled operatives

working safely using protective clothing and equipment where
appropriate; workmanship shall comply with BS 8000-11 for
ceramic tiles.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
4.1.5 Unless otherwise shown on the Drawings, ceramic tiles to
internal floor areas under normal condition shall be vitrified with
water absorption less than 3% [Classification Group BIa or, BIb]
shall be vitreous hard wearing non-slip glazed complying with MS
ISO 13006 and the tile size shall be 300 mm x 300 mm.

4.1.6 Unless otherwise specified in the Drawings or described in

the B.Q., ceramic tile skirting shall match the flooring tiles and
shall be 300 mm x 100 mm laid lengthwise on cement and sand
(1:3) screed as described. All angles to skirting shall be neatly cut
to fit all abutments.

4.1.7 Unless otherwise specified in the Drawings, accessories such

as skirting (bull nose or cove base), step tiles, step nosing, edging
strips, angle tiles (internal and external), etc. shall be of an
approved type standard manufacture from the same material to
match flooring. Unless otherwise shown on the Drawings, skirting
shall be 100 mm high, stair nosing shall be minimum 20 mm wide
laid full length of the treads and of bull nose profile, and edging
strips 25 mm wide.

4.1.13 Porous tiles shall be soaked before fixing to prevent rapid

suction and subsequent failure in bonding with the mortar bed.
Tiles should be removed from their cartons and completely
immersed in clean water for at least thirty (30) minutes. After
soaking, they should be stacked tightly together, with the end tiles
face outwards, on a clean surface and allowed to drain. Tiles
classified in MS ISO 13006 in Groups BIIb and BIII require this
saturation treatment; soaking of tiles of Group BIa, BIb and BIIa
is unnecessary, refer to MS 1294-1.

4.1.14 Unless otherwise instructed by the manufacturer, the tiles

should be fixed dry. All tile installation shall use approved type

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
cementitious adhesives. The selection and application of ceramic
tile adhesives for internal and external tile installations on walls
and floors shall comply with MS ISO 13007-1 and MS 1294.

4.1.16 Tiles shall be laid with joints not exceeding 3 mm wide to

be filled with coloured grout. Admixtures shall be used in
accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendation and they
shall not be added to the proprietary grout unless approved by the
grout manufacturer. Admixtures are added for improving the
resilience and reducing the water permeability of the hardened
grout mortar.

4.1.18 Unless otherwise shown on the Drawings, the movement

joints with consultation with the designers shall be positioned at
the following locations:
(i) Over existing and/or structural movement
joints;
(ii) Where tiling abuts other materials;
(iii) Where tiling is continuous across junctions of
different background materials;
(iv) In large tile areas, at internal vertical corners
and at 3 m to 4.5 m centers horizontally and
vertically; and
(v) Where stresses are likely to be concentrated, for
example at changes of alignment.
4.1.19 Unless otherwise specified in the Drawings, joint sealant
materials for movement joints shall be selected and applied in
accordance with the guidance given BS 6213.

4.1.20 Where large format ceramic tiles are required for walls and
to be fixed above first floor height, they shall be secured by
mechanical means. When the thickness of tile exceeds 12.5 mm
and the weight of tile is more than 32 kg/m2, mechanical fixing is

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
recommended. All mechanical fixing methods shall be certified by
a competent Professional Engineer and to the approval of the S.O.

4.1.21 Pull-out test shall be carried out after twenty eight (28) days
installation for every maximum area 500 m2 or on the tiles that are
suspected of hollowness, at the instruction of the S.O.

4.1.22 Adhesion strength of the pull-out test shall exceed 0.5

N/mm2 for walls with cement:sand mortar bedding or 1.0N/mm2
with adhesive bedding. Pull-out test shall be carried out in
accordance to MS ISO 13007-2 and as recommended by the tile
adhesive manufacturer. Location and number of test point for the
pull-out test shall be as requested by the S.O.

4.6 Timber Strip Flooring 4.6.2 The flooring shall be laid to the pattern as approved by the
S.O, on 20 mm thick cement and sand (1:3) screed with an
approved waterproof adhesive applied in accordance with
manufacturer's recommendation. The screed shall be finished
smooth with a steel trowel to an even surface and it shall be dry,
clean and dust free before laying the timber strip flooring. After
the adhesive has set, the timber strip flooring shall be sanded to a
true smooth and even surface using suitable sanding machine. Any
misaligned or defective timber strip shall be adjusted or replaced.

4.6.3 Unless otherwise shown on the Drawings or described in the

B.Q., skirting to timber strip flooring shall consist of 100 mm x 12
mm thick wrot timber skirting rounded at the top, and fixed to the
wall or column using 38 mm masonry nails spaced approximately
at 600 mm centres in two (2) rows 26 mm away from the top and
bottom edges. The nails shall be punched below the surface and
the holes filled with approved putty. Any jointing of the skirting
shall use splayed butt joints.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
4.6.4 The face edges of the flooring shall be lined with wrot timber
edging to match. The edging strips shall be 38 mm wide
approximately x 12 mm thick fixed to the base using adhesive as
specified hereinbefore, projecting 12 mm from the finished sides
of floor slabs. Edging strips shall be jointed using glued splayed
butt joints.

4.6.5 After sanding the flooring shall be cleaned, any gap sealed
with approved sealer, stained and finished with three (3) coats of
approved polyurethane paint. Each coat shall be applied strictly in
accordance with the manufacturer's recommendation.

8. Painting On Floor Surfaces 8.1 Painting on concrete drive way shall be applied with one (1)
coat of floor primer at 100 µm DFT, followed by one (1) coat of
floor glass flake at 300 µm DFT or floor non-slip aggregate
(fine/medium) and followed with two (2) coats of floor
polyurethane (PU) topcoat at 50 µm DFT per coat.

8.2 Painting on car park parking bay floors shall be applied with
one (1) coat of floor primer at 100 µm DFT, than followed with
two (2) coats of floor polyurethane (PU) topcoat at 50 µm DFT
per coat.

8.3 Painting on TNB sub-station internal floors shall be applied

with one (1) coat of approved two-pack epoxy sealer, followed
with two (2) coats of two pack epoxy floor coating at 50 µm DFT
per coat, unless otherwise stated in the drawings

15. Completion Of Painting Works 15.1 On completion of paintwork, all paint marks inadvertently
left on glass, floors, tiles and other surfaces shall be removed. Any
stain or marking on finished paintwork shall be removed and
touched up to the approval of the S.O.

Table 3.1: Method of Installation for Floor Finishes

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
3.1.4 QUALITY OF WORKMANSHIP

▪ Before the flooring is installed, levelling and marking can be performed on the wall at
a height of 30 cm above the appropriate level. The amount of spirit or mercury should
be used for this reason. The water level used by mason (mistry) should not be used for
greater accuracy. Due to more pipe length and pressure inside the pipe, the results are
not reliable. Long wooden legs can be used in constructing floors so that the floor
surface can be level.
▪ Quality of workmanship for floor works is pretty basic. A common tiler should possess
a certain skills that will ensure it reached the quality and standard set by the authority.
The finishing should be clean and free of stain marks. For a painted floor, painter should
make sure that the paint have consistent colour tone and free of patches. Cracks and
damages should be avoided at all time by workers. After tile works finished, inspect the
works for the possibility of hollow by using taping rod. This is to make sure that the
works is done properly by the tiler. Other than that, tiling should also properly aligned
as per described from the specifications. For screed finishing, the surface should be
unduly rough and patchy.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
3.2 INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL WALL OR FACADE DESIGN

3.2.1 SCOPE OF WORK

Facade design’s scope of work are as following:

• System design
• Concept design
• Design Mockup Test shop drawing
• Shop drawings
• Fabrication Drawings
• Installation and setting out drawings
• Structural calculation with PE endorsement
• Material list and schedule for production
• Production and installation

3.2.2 MATERIALS TO BE USED

• 300x600 colour body porcelain tiles (9.7mm thk to ceiling height). Including lift door
architrave
• Glazed colour body porcelain tiles (300x600 natural) & 100mm ht skirting
• Cement plaster with 2 coats skim coat & textured spray paint, angle beading including
lift door architrave
• 300x600 matte glazed colour body porcelain tiles (9.7mm thk. To ceiling height)
including lift door architrave
• Plaster & paint with aluminium. Angle beading
• Cement plaster with 2 coats skim coat & paint, angle beading (kitchen wall with
polished porcelain tiles 300x600 to 1.5m ht.)
• RC parapet wall to engineer’s detail
• 110mm thk, brickwall with 20mm thk, cement plaster on both side
• 1500mm ht. wall tiles (wet kitchen), (dry kitchen)
• Wall tiles all round to ceiling height (bahroom)
• 230mm thk. Party wall with 20mm thk. Cement plaster on both side
• Feature wall to LA’s detail

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
Porcelain tiles

Porcelain tiles is actually part of the ceramic family, but distinct in its characteristics due to the
types and mix of clays used, and the specific methods of production. Porcelain is a much
stronger version of ceramic. Both types are made of clay and are fired in a kiln. The main
differences are that porcelain tiles have a water absorption rate of less than 0.5%, a result which
classifies them as fully vitrified, making them incredibly hard and rendering them suitable for
heavy traffic floor use, including industrial situations.

Cement plaster

Cement plaster is a mixture of sand, cement and water. It is normally applied to masonry
interiors and exteriors. While it is capable of achieving a smooth surface, interiors will
sometimes require an additional finishing layer of gypsum plaster. Cement plaster offers
greater moisture resistance than gypsum plaster.

Textured spray paint

Textured spray paint is an aerosol that comes in a can and in various colors and styles like
semi-gloss, satin or matte. Textured spray paint is used in exactly the same manner as all of the
other spray paint on the market. The big deal about textured spray paint is the fact that it is
textured.

Aluminum angle beading

Corner bead, also called angle bead, is an important product to be installed on the drywall
corners and plaster wall corners. Its main function is to make wall angles stable, smooth, safe
and aesthetic to protect people from hurting and keep walls neat. Other than aluminum, it also
classified to PVC corner bead and paper-faced corner bead. With high stability and good
adhesion, corner bead is usually applied to indoor and outdoor areas, such as bedroom, kitchen,
ceiling, door an eave corners.

Parapet Wall

The parapet is basically a wall that is constructed at the end of the roof or terrace, balconies. It
is an extension of the brick wall at the end of the Parapet walls are the outermost walls which
are constructed at the edges of the roof of the buildings. Parapet walls are generally made up
of Reinforced cement concrete (R.C.C), Brick masonry, and Steel.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
3.2.3 METHOD OF INSTALLATION (BASED ON JKR STANDARD
SPECIFICATIONS FOR BUILDING WORKS)
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL WALL
ITEM DESCRIPTION

3.2 Facing Brickwork 3.2.1 All facing brickwork shall be executed in first quality
approved facing bricks in Stretcher or Flemish Bond as shown on
the Drawings, properly bonded into any backing walls, piers, et
cetera. Joints shall be racked out to a depth of 13 mm and point up
in coloured cement mortar to approved tints, finished with a neat
struck weathered joint.

3.2.2 Facing brickwork shall be kept perfectly clean and no

rubbing down of brickwork will be allowed.

3.6 Parapet And Freestanding 3.6.1 Any parapet and freestanding wall consisting of 155 mm
Wall thick brick wall including plastering on both sides shall only be
constructed to a maximum height of 900 mm.

3.6.2 Where shown on the Drawings, freestanding walls above 900

mm in height shall be constructed as per the engineer’s detail
Drawings or to the S.O.’s approval.

3.6.3 Precast reinforced concrete copings shall be constructed on

all external parapet and freestanding walls. The reinforced
concrete coping shall be laid to fall, complete with 12 mm half
round throating.

3.6.4 Freestanding walls more than 3 m length vertically and

horizontally shall be constructed with reinforced concrete
stiffeners to engineer's detail and with the S.O’s approval.

Table 3.2: Method of Installation for Internal and External Wall

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
PLASTERING
ITEM DESCRIPTION
1.7 Surface Preparation 1.7.1 Where possible cement paving, screeding and rendering on
concrete surface shall be laid while the concrete is still green that
is after the final set but not later than twenty-four (24) hours of
laying concrete. The concrete surfaces shall be brushed with a
stiff broom before it has hardened to remove laitance and give a
roughened surface. Hardened concrete surfaces shall be
thoroughly hacked to form a key to the approval of the S.O.

1.7.2 Before any paving, screeding or rendering is applied, all

surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned and wetted and be in damp
state at the time the paving, screeding or rendering is applied.

1.7.3 Where plastering and rendering are to be applied in several

coats, the surface of each preceding coat shall be scratched while
still green to form key for the subsequent coat.

2.1 Plain Plaster 2.1.1 Plain plaster shall consist of one (1) part masonry cement
to six (6) parts sand by volume. Where CEM 1 is used, plasticizer
or plasterlime shall be added to the mix in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instruction.

2.1.2 The plaster shall be applied in two coats generally to a total

thickness of 20 mm to brickwall and 12 mm to soffits, beams,
columns, brick-walls and other smooth surfaces.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
2.1.3 The first coat shall consist of rough plastering to a thickness
of 10 mm for 20 mm plainface, and 6 mm for 12 mm plainface.
The second coat shall be finished with a steel trowel for internal
surfaces and with a straight-edged wood float for external
surfaces.

2.1.4 All external walls, unless otherwise specified shall be

finished with rough surface cement plastering.

2.1.5 All internal walls, unless otherwise specified shall be

finished with smooth skimmed surface cement plastering

1.13 Types Of Finishes The appropriate type of finishes to be used in the various
locations of the works shall be as shown on the Drawings or as
tabulated in the schedule of finishes. Unless otherwise shown on
the Drawings or described in the B.Q., the finishes and their
dimensions shall be as specified hereinafter.

Table 3.3: Method of Installation for Plastering

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
PAINTING
ITEM DESCRIPTION
General 15.1 All paints to be used shall be those supplied by approved
manufacturers. The quality of paints shall comply with MS
125 in respect of oil/enamel paints and MS 134 in respect of
emulsion paints/acrylic paint.

4.3 Textured Wall 4.3.1 Natural Spray Granite textured wall shall be applied with one
(1) coat of approved alkaline resisting acrylic primer, unless
otherwise stated in the Drawings, followed with two (2) layers
natural fine stone and ceramic chips texture with high build acrylic
resin and two (2) clear finish coats.

4.3.2 Spray Tile textured wall shall be applied with one (1) coat of
approved alkaline resisting acrylic primer, unless otherwise
specified in the Drawings, followed with one (1) coat of spray tiles
texture and two (2) coats of pure acrylic water based premium
weather paint.

15. Completion Of Painting 15.1 On completion of paintwork, all paint marks inadvertently
Works left on glass, floors, tiles and other surfaces shall be removed. Any
stain or marking on finished paintwork shall be removed and
touched up to the approval of the S.O.

Table 3.4: Method of Installation for Painting

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
Tiling
ITEMS DESCRIPTION
4.1 Ceramic Tile 4.1.1 In general all ceramic tiles manufactured locally are using
the `dry-pressed’ manufacturing process and the ceramic tiles are
categorized based on their water absorption rate as defined in the
MS 1294, MS ISO 13006 or the International Standard
Organization (ISO) Standards (ISO 13006).

4.1.2 The methods and materials used in the installation of ceramic

tiles under normal internal conditions shall comply with MS 1294-
1 and the installation of ceramic tiles under normal external
conditions shall comply with MS 1294-2.

4.1.3 The installation of tiling works requires skilled operatives

working safely using protective clothing and equipment where
appropriate; workmanship shall comply with BS 8000-11 for
ceramic tiles.

4.1.4 Unless otherwise shown on the Drawings, ceramic tiles to

internal and external floor for heavy duty areas shall be vitrified
with water absorption less than 0.5% [Classification Group Bia]
also referred to as heavy duty tiles shall comply with MS ISO
13006 and the size shall be tiles 300 mm x 300 mm x 12 mm thick.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
4.1.6 Unless otherwise specified in the Drawings or described in
the B.Q., ceramic tile skirting shall match the flooring tiles and
shall be 300 mm x 100 mm laid lengthwise on cement and sand
(1:3) screed as described. All angles to skirting shall be neatly cut
to fit all abutments.

4.1.7 Unless otherwise specified in the Drawings, accessories such

as skirting (bull nose or cove base), step tiles, step nosing, edging
strips, angle tiles (internal and external), etc. shall be of an
approved type standard manufacture from the same material to
match flooring. Unless otherwise shown on the Drawings, skirting
shall be 100 mm high, stair nosing shall be minimum 20 mm wide
laid full length of the treads and of bull nose profile, and edging
strips 25 mm wide.

4.1.9 Unless otherwise shown on the Drawings, ceramic tiles for

external walls up to first floor height shall be scuff-resistant glazed
vitrified tiles with water absorption less than 3% [Classification
Group Bia or Bib] and shall comply with MS ISO 13006. The tiles
maximum size shall be of 300 mm x 300 mm

Table 3.5: Method of Installation for Tiling

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
3.2.4 QUALITY OF WORKMANSHIP

Safe use of façade system

One of the qualities of workmanship is safe use of the ventilated facade system which
is not overlooking of the substrate strength before commencement of the works. The pull-out
and shear resistance of the substrate (wall) for the mechanical fixings used to attach the
substructure shall not be smaller than that provided for in the design. When attaching the
ventilated facade systems to masonry walls the contractors need to set the mechanical fixings
in the masonry unit, this is for the safe use of the facade system. From the point of view of safe
use of the ventilated facade system it is unacceptable to use the mechanical fixings other than
provided for in NTA/ETA and the design. The use of fixings other than provided for in the
design may affect the strength properties of the like fixing wall connection, change the
corrosion resistance of the facade system.

Finish the attachment of façade system

Next, A quality of workmanship is make sure to finish the attachment of the ventilated
facade system to substrates. For walls with curvature of over 3 mm/2 mm it is unacceptable to
use spacers other than provided for in NTA/ETA to eliminate the wall curvature. The use of
non-system elements may have a considerable effect on fire safety of walls and may reduce the
bearing capacity of the brackets. The strength properties of the ventilated facade system may
be reduced by the use of substructure elements other than provided for in NTA/ETA.

For claddings which are attached to the substructure with the use of adhesive, it is extremely
important to use proper adhesive application method. Quite often the failure to comply with
technical conditions for adhesive application is the cause of failure of the ventilated facade
systems

Workmanship by qualified persons

And last, the quality of workmanship is continuous building supervision performed by

qualified persons. It can be a key factor of durability, safe use and maintenance of technical
parameters and good facade system performance. The number of supervisors at the
construction site should be sufficient. As a result the work process can be continued and
employees can get a detailed description of the installation activities of the facade design
system.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
3.3 ROOF FINISHES

3.3.1 MATERIAL USED

R.C Flat roof

• Sikalastic-632R concealed liquid applied waterproofing membrane with 75mm THK.

• Protective screed c/w 10mm x 20mm Grooves at 2m x 2m intervals to manufacture’s
detail & specification.
• Sarnatherm XPS Extruded Polystyrene Thermal insulation board

Sikalastic-632R

Sikalastic-632 R is a polyurethane, 1-part, rapid cure, cold-applied, moisture cured, crack-

bridging and liquid applied membrane. It provides a seamless, chemical resistant, durable
waterproofing solution for flat roof.

ROOF MEMBRANE SYSTEMS

As it serves the main function of keeping water out of the building, the waterproofing
membrane is considered a necessary element of the roofing system.

On site, liquid-applied membranes are applied in a liquid form that can be set up and formed
into a water-impermeable membrane. When they are cold, bituminous-based (except those
containing coal tar) and polymer-based membranes may be applied, whereas those containing
coal tar are typically applied when heated.

Seamless, semi-flexible, and simple to apply, detail, maintain and repair liquid-applied
membranes. However, careful monitoring and control is required during application
particularly in order to ensure proper concrete curing, consistent thickness and uniformity.

Sarnatherm XPS Extruded Polystyrene Thermal insulation board

An insulation board based on extruded polystyrene at density 35 kg/m3. It uses as thermal

insulation and part of an inverted roof construction, laid over the waterproofing over the
waterproofing layer. It is easy to install, low weight and excellent thermal insulation properties.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
Cement render

Cement render or screed used for exterior works and finishing. Flat roof covered with
combination of cement and sand are normally in smooth and flexible. They protect the
appearance of surface building structure and weather resistant.

3.3.2 JKR SPECIFICATION

Sealant and special materials

ITEMS DESCRIPTION
5.4 Sealants and Special 5.4.1 General
Materials The installation method and the selection, mixing, application and
curing of all joint waterproofing materials shall be in accordance
with the manufacturer's recommendations. The Contractor may
propose to use alternative joint waterproofing materials by
submitting supporting technical information, test reports and
samples of the proposed waterproofing materials to the S.O. for
approval

5.4.2 Waterproofing materials

All waterproofing materials used at public access areas shall be
protected with non-shrink grout covering

5.4.6 Bitumen/rubber cold applied membrane

5.4.6.1 Bitumen/rubber cold applied membrane shall comply with

the following requirements:
(i) Minimum joint movement capacity of ±10% of joint width at
27.5ºC
(ii) 90% solid content;
(iii) Resistant to dilute acid and alkali.

Table 3.6: Sealant and Special Material

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
3.3.3 METHOD OF WORK

ROOF
ITEMS DESCRIPTION
12.6 Roof 12.6.1 Reinforced concrete roofs shall be constructed to fall as
shown on the drawings and finished with steel trowelling, leaving
the surface smooth and free from mortar droppings.

12.6.2 The base slab shall be concreted as described for concrete

generally, ensuring thorough compactions by the use of a pan
vibrator or a vibrating screen. Concrete shall be poured
continuously between pre-determined construction joints as decided
by the S.O., or as shown on the drawings. Expansion joints, where
applicable, shall be allowed and constructed exactly as indicated in
the drawings.
12.6.3 Unless otherwise specified or shown on the Drawings,
waterproofing screed to reinforced concrete flat roof shall consist of
a 32 mm thick screed reinforced with temperature steel.

12.6.4 The waterproofing screed shall consist of one (1) part of

cement and three (3) parts of clean well-graded sand (1:3), and shall
be mixed with an approved waterproofing agent and approved
plasticizer in the proportion recommended by the manufacturer.

12.6.5 The temperature steel shall consist of a mesh 6 mm diameter

mild steel bars at 150 mm centers each way, or alternatively steel
fabric of MS 145. The temperature steel shall be placed directly on
top of the base slab, and a minimum cover of 19 mm to top bars of
the temperature steel shall be maintained.

12.6.6 The screed shall be laid after the base slab concrete has
sufficiently hardened but not later than 36 hours after the concreting
of the base slab, to obtain a thorough bond between the screed and
the base slab. The surface shall be finished with a wood float, and
followed by a steel trowel to a smooth finish.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
12.6.7 Unless otherwise specified or shown on the Drawings, joints
in the screed shall be allowed and located over the main roof beams
and shall be filled with approved bituminous compound as soon as
possible.

12.6.8 After the screed has been placed, the full area shall be
properly protected and cured for a period of at least seven (7) days.
Alternatively as soon as the screed has sufficiently hardened to
withstand a man’s weight without marking, an approved plastic
sealing agent shall be sprayed in accordance with the
manufacturer’s recommendation.
Table 3.7: Method of Work for Roof

3.3.4 QUALITY OF WORKMANSHIP

Supervising

To ensure work is done properly according to specifications.

Good knowledge, skills and experiences.

Able to solve problems with critical thinking.

Able to make fast decision

Certified by the manufacturer

To avoid defect and failure during construction.

Materials that used safe and good quality.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
CHAPTER 4
CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1 CONCLUSION
Specification is an important part of any construction usually are written by consultant engineer
and architect. They were used as guidance for the contractor to understand the execution of
work, types, materials, method of installation and quality of workmanship. It is impossible to
execute any details without specifications and some random specifications will worsen the
whole project. Other than that, specifications also needed for contractor to fill the rates of items
in the tender document. Specifications are certainly not fixed and it can change during the entire
time line of construction but it must be agreed upon architect, engineers and other consultants.

Other than that, we can understand and acknowledge how luxurious, quality and standards of
the projects are through the specifications agreed by consultants. For a highly allocated budget
and luxurious projects tend to have much more complex specifications and everything have to
be highlighted and detailed very well. Usage of materials, method of installation and the quality
of workmanship may be different that some ordinary budget. For instance, a typical wall
would’ve been plastered and painted with normal emulsion paint. For some high-end projects,
a normal wall would’ve been attached with some unique timber panels or tiled with marbles.
Specifications may not only intended for finishes, it can also be used to understand the
magnitude of load it may face. For example, the thickness of a floor slab of a house may not
be the same as the floor slab of a shopping complex because shopping complex is expected to
receive a way greater load than a house. So, a much more complex specifications, standard and
quality were expected during the construction.

A well constructed projects will have a good specifications and everything were taken into
account and that includes the potential of natural disasters. Malaysia receives a lot of rain every
year and it is important to assess the water flow properly without damaging our building.
Drainage should be well built and the slope should drain the water properly. Flat roof is quite
controversial in Malaysia because it requires a very complex specifications and this includes
the application of waterproofing. Installation of gutter should also be wide enough to carry the
potential load of heavy downpour. We also receive a lot of sun most of the time and this may
affect the condition of paint over time. Specifications of paints is important to reduce the
damage and increase the longevity of the paint. This just shows how important specifications
are because even if it is a cheaper option, it doesn’t necessarily mean it will last longer and
developers have to spend more on maintenance in the future. Money for value is one to be
considered by consultants.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
4.2 RECOMMENDATION

Contractors need to provide a more professional management system ready to invest money in
that direction. For example:

a. Provide effective Training to employees such as Training in construction

Training institutions to improve employee skills.
b. Improve the skills of employees whether local or foreign.
c. Appoint employees who have a technical basis to facilitate the course of
activities and understand the method of work clearly.

Provide explanations and briefings related to specifications at construction sites, especially

those related to workers of some certain skills to ensure that the work and installation is done
properly and reach the specifications required. Contractors need to take prudent measures
especially in relation to the specifications and the area in which employees carry out activities.
Explain and brief the standard of work, quality and specifications from established guidelines
provided by JKR and CIDB or any other related source. This will give the workers something
to take into account and deliver the work properly. Other than that, contractors may train
specific individuals to the required standard, quality and workmanship.

All of the materials used should last a long time. And the developers should always inspect the
building weekly, monthly and annually. All of the materials will worn out in the future and it
is important to always keep them updated. For paint work for instance, they should be repaint
at least 3 years after the latest application. For crucial part like flat roof, the waterproofing
should be recoated once in a while. The best, most modern and latest formulation of
waterproofing will last about 10 years. Some lower quality of waterproofing will last even
shorter than that. Inability to do so can allow water seepage to occur through roof and will
eventually weaken and damage the structure.

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
REFERENCES
REFERENCES
KAIU (2020), Façade Design Engineering Consultant: Façade Design scope work.
https://kaiu.my/home/facade-design/

Walcoom Cooperation. (2020). CORNER BEAD: Aluminum Angle Beading.

https://www.walcoom.com/pdf/corner-bead.pdf

Olde English Tiles. (2018, June 14). The Difference Between Glazed And Unglazed Porcelain
Tiles. https://www.oldeenglishtiles.com.au/blogs/news/the-difference-between-glazed-and-
unglazed-porcelain-tiles

Doityourself. (2010). 3 Advantages of Using Textured Spray Paint

https://www.doityourself.com/stry/3-advantages-of-using-textured-spray-paint

Krunal Rajput. (2020). What Does Parapet Mean. https://civiljungle.com/parapet/

Ołeksij Kopyłow. (2019). Ventilated façade systems: Quality of Workmanship of façade design.
https://www.matec-
conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2019/33/matecconf_icsf2019_02004.pdf

bca.gov.sg. (n.d.). Retrieved from Waterproofing of Reinforced Concrete Flat Roof:

https://www.bca.gov.sg/publications/enhancementseries/others/design2ch12.pdf

iProperty.com.my. (n.d.). Retrieved from The Alcove condominiums:

https://www.iproperty.com.my/new-property/review/putra-heights/putra-heights-the-
alcove/new-5827/

Sika Malaysia. (n.d.). Retrieved from Sikalastic®-632 R:

https://mys.sika.com/en/construction/reroofing/sikalastic-632-
r.html#:~:text=Sikalastic%C2%AE%2D632%20R%20is,external%20balcony%20and%20ter
race%20decks.

Sika Malaysia. (n.d.). Retrieved from Sarnatherm® XPS (MY):

https://mys.sika.com/content/dam/dms/my01/u/sarnatherm_xps_my.pdf

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
Sime Darby Property. (n.d.). Retrieved from The Alcove The Glades:
https://www.simedarbyproperty.com/putra-heights/the-alcove

CIDB, (2015). Construction Industry Standard. Lembaga Pembangunan Industri Pembinaan

Malaysia

JKR, (2005). Standard Specifications for Building Works, JKR 20800

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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
APPENDICES
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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I
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BQS 401 MEASUREMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS I