PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION (BEEd 1)

MODULE 8
COMMUNICATION FOR TEACHERS:
Storytelling

LET’S ACHIEVE THESE!  Describe pictures within a given time frame.

 Tell a story effectively

Engaging: Putting Things in the Right Perspective

What makes the students enjoy the class? What do the teachers exhibit in
conducting their lessons?

Initializing

As future teachers, it is essential that you hone your craft in leadership and teaching. You
need to be able to use the language when you explain, describe, retell, interpret, plan, and
give instructions and feedback. You need a good command of the language when you

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attempt to develop the social language of your students for them to communicate effectively
in various activities like listening to stories, sharing information, following directions, solving a
problem in a conversation, and the like.

Concept Grounding

One of the responsibilities of teachers is stimulating their students’ imaginations and

understanding of the world. One approach that is commonly used is storytelling. Stories,
according to Aiex (1988), play significant roles in students’ growth and through these, they
would learn to appreciate literature.
Storytelling is a powerful way of communicating and conveying emotion by
improvisation or embellishment. It is the art of using language, voice, movements, and
gestures in order to reveal images and elements of the story to an audience. This is often
used by teachers, parents, and professionals to elaborate or convey messages, to entertain,
to educate, and to preserve culture.

Reasons why storytelling is recommended as a strategy for teaching:

 Cooter (1991) and Bla (1998) forwarded that the excitement and drama of
storytelling provide a context that holds students’ attention. Stories are used to
motivate, create an immense interest, attracts listeners, and promotes
communication.

 Stories are an enormous language treasure. Storytelling is one of the oldest art of
telling morals and thousands of these stories have been created and passed down.
Many old stories are regarded as the models of language and treasures of the
culture, from which learners at various language levels and age groups can find
suitable stories to read and tell.

 Storytelling provides a lively atmosphere and a real-life environment that encourages

the students to participate. When they listen to stories, they easily can plunge into the
plots and scenes and identify themselves among the characters.

Firming Up

ACTIVITY 1: (Long Bond Paper/Hand written)

 IMAGE DESCRIPTION: A number is assigned for each picture. Pick a number from
the box and your instructor will give you a picture that corresponds the number you

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picked. In a long bond paper, you are going to describe the image you chose. (To
be submitted with this module.)

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Concretizing

ACTIVITY 2: (Long Bond Paper/Hand written/To be submitted with this module)

1. Tell-Tale

a. Draw a list of five words or phrases from the teacher’s box. From the five words
or phrases, come up with a story.
Sample list of 5 words or 5 phrases

 Mat, bat, cat, fat, rat

 1 liter of tears, 1 pint of kindness, 1 bowl of friendship, 1 cup of love, 1 tablespoon of
lust
 Annoying orange, angry birds, singing pig, praying mantis, Alice bungisngis

b. You are going to deliver it in an online class when your instructor mentioned your
name for your turn.

ACTIVITY 3: (Video Presentation)

2. Storytelling: Choose any folklore that you are familiar with. Make sure that the story
can be told in 4-5 minutes. Prepare any hand props, materials, or upper garments
that you can use to elaborate some situations in the story. Rehearse with appropriate
nonverbal (Facial expressions, gestures, movements, voice variety) to show
animation in the delivery. Ask someone to video your presentation. You can also use
images and/or clips.

Introspecting

ACTIVITY 4: (Use this blank page in your module)

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Self – Video Feedback: Watch your video (as if you are watching another person’s
presentation) after your presentation and give feedback to yourself objectively.

I observe that (things that worked in the presentation)

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I think it would have been better if (points for improvement)

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Name: ________________________
Year and Course: _______________
Instructor: Sir Ramil Paronda Olit

M O D U L E
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COMMUNICATION FOR BUSINESS AND

TRADE
Let’s Achieve These!
 Identify strengths and needed skills for improvement
 Construct personal and business SWOT analyses

Engaging: Putting Things in the Right Perspective

What images can you see from the two photos? What do the photos tell you about
your future major responsibilities?

INITIALIZING

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In order to prepare you in the global workforce, you must prepare yourselves to the
demand of the industry, and one way of achieving this is through enhancing your English
communication skills. As university students, you need to develop your expertise on how to
sell an idea in a product presentation, project proposal, and other opportunities of making
networks and connections in business. Enhancing your craft in oral presentations will make
you succeed in your future internships and future career.

CONCEPT GROUNDING

A. Definition and Relevance

A SWOT ANALYSIS or a SWOT matrix is a diagram that shows an
organization’s or person’s key strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and
threats. Doing this type of analysis, any organization, corporation, or company
can innovate or adapt new ways or strategies to put itself better in the
corporate world.

B. Internal Factors VS External Factors

1. Internal Factors are things that we can control. An example is when

workers in a company spend time and effort on fixing computer crashes.
As a solution to this problem, the employees could be trained or better
software could be purchased.

2. External Factors are things we cannot control. For example is inflation

rate of goods due to government regulations.

C. Benefits of SWOT analysis

1. SWOT analyses identify any company or organization’s capabilities and

resources. Moreover, they also provide a look on the organization’s
competitive environment.

2. Based on the result of SWOT analysis, the company can create a better
marketing strategy.

3. A SWOT analysis can create a new venture or new opportunities for the
company especially the ones that are not yet explored.

4. This can be an aid for the managers and directors reduce threats by
understanding their company’s current weaknesses.

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5. This can be used by the people in the company as a planning technique.

6. Individuals who like to develop their careers can do SWOT analysis for it
identifies their skills, opportunities, and abilities.

D. How to make SWOT analysis

1. Make sure that the analysis heads to the right path or direction by defining
your objective. If your study focuses on what matters, this will eventually
provide you a right strategy.

2. Focus on the internal and external factors.

a. Strengths

Identify the things that do better in your company rather than the
competition. Are the people familiar to your products or brand?
What is your competitive advantage? Which one from your internal
resources is doing best or the one that excels in all aspects of
intellectual property or human resources?

b. Weakness

In what areas are your competitors outclassing your company?

What holds your business back? Are there any things can you
avoid? Does your business lack something? Or weakness? For
example, it may not have suitably-skilled workers. This is an area
that you can control.

c. Opportunities

Can help your company grow. Can you turn any changes in
technology, laws, or society, for example, into an opportunity?
Consumers today are more aware of and interested in the quality
of life.

d. Threats

Are there obstacles stopping your company from growing? What

are these rules, regulations, or technology that impede your
business? Some aspects of society may also represent obstacles.
Is inflation rate a threat to the business?

E. Matrix
SWOT analysis of a coffee shop

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Strengths Weakness
 Close to universities and  No experience in
public transport operating a business
 Cheaper products  Lack of funds for the
offered other than start-up of the business
popular brands.  Less popularity
 Ambiance is good for compared to well-
study and leisure. known brands
 Growing demand by  Staffs to be trained for
different markets for operations
coffeeshops.

Opportunities Threats
 There are lots of popular
 New products and coffee shops
services are offered for  There are also
expansion of the market competition with other
 Brand franchising is also coffee shops also
an opportunity to starting-up
expand business  Market tastes are
 Co-branding or strategic changing
alliance with other firms  Price for coffee beans
 Diverse target market and other supplies may
increase.

FIRMING UP

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ACTIVITY 1: (Long Bond Paper/Computerized)

Create a personal SWOT analysis.
Given the situation, plot the applicant’s SWOT in a matrix. You can make any graphic
organizer showing the relationship of the four elements.

Situation: Imagine someone called Tony wants to evaluate his employment status. Based
on the information given, construct a SWOT analysis by providing information for each
characteristic.

- Strength: Tony attended post graduate

- Weakness: He has no work experience
- Opportunity: He can be relocated to other places
- Threat: In his city, there are less job opportunities related to his job.

CONCRETIZING

ACTIVITY 2: (Long Bond Paper/Computerized)

Directions: Imagine you are going to apply as a marketing director, accountant, general
manager, financial analyst, or any position you wish in a corporate world.
a. Assess yourself first by listing your potentials, capabilities, talents, skills or skills
to improve in a draft.
b. Edit and proofread your work. You may write the items in phrases. Observe
parallelism in writing the items.
c. Use the matrix below to plot your own SWOT.
d. Present this orally in the online class to be scheduled by your instructor.

SWOT ANALYSIS
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Strengths

Weaknesses YOU Opportunities

Threats

ACTIVITY 3: Business Plan Presentation (PPT and Group Online Presentation)

Directions:
a. In a group of five, create a type of business you wish to have in the future. Name
your business and identify the nature of it (Product oriented or service oriented) or
how it is operated.
b. Make a simple feasibility or viability study of your business (strategic location,
population density, market potential, etc.)
c. From your gathered data, make a SWOT analysis then present this in a power point
presentation through online via google meet. Strategize how you will divide the task
since this is a collaborative work. Each group is given 8-10 minutes to present.
d. The presentation should include title slide (name of the company and your names as
on others’), and the fourth slide is the SWOT analysis.
(Presenters), second slide (rationale), and third slide (how is the concept of the
business different guidelines for the power point presentation:

 Each slide should illustrate one major idea; context should be clearly visible to to
everyone in the audience, including those in the back of the room.
 Keep the graphics and layout simple, with plenty of open space.
 Use san serif typeface such as Arial or Helvetica.
 Use color for emphasis only; use colors consistently.

(Your instructor will divide you into 5 groups and will give you presentation date for your
work)

INTROSPECTING

1. Rate the level of your confidence in the SWOT analysis presentation from 0 which
indicates anxiety to 10 which indicates confidence. Explain your rating.

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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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2. Did you have struggles or difficulties when you were presenting? What coping skills
did you use to combat those difficulties?

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3. What are the challenges you encountered when you were doing the SWOT analysis
project? In what ways did these challenges make you a better person?

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D UL10
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OM E
Writing Business and Technical Report
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LET’S ACHIEVE THESE!

 Explain the classifications, parts, and types of reports
 Write a sample report applying the principles of writing
style.

ENGAGING: Putting Things in the

Right Perspective
1. List the types of reports you usually do in school. How do you frame such reports?

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2. Bring old reports from the student council, government offices, companies, schools,
hospitals, and other organizations. Submit your module with them as your
assignment.

3. Draw a Venn Diagram to show the similarities and differences of school reports and
hospital reports.
Name: _________________________

VENN DIAGRAM

INITIALIZING

report is a comprehensive document that covers all aspects of the subject matter of study. It
presents results of an experiment, investigation, research, or an inquiry to a specific
audience.

BUSINESS and TECHNICAL REPORTS

Classification Types Parts

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Progress Reports 1. Cover Page

Sales Reports 2. Title Page
Personnel Evaluation 3. Table of Contents
Feasibility Reports 4. List of Illustrations
Formal Literature review 5. Executive Summary
Credit Reports 6. Main
Informal Informational Reports Body/Finding/Discussions
Analytical Reports 7. Conclusions
Recommendation Reports 8. Recommendations
Research Reports 9. References/Sources
Case Study Analyses 10. Appendices

CONCEPT GROUNDING

Characteristics of a report
1. It presents information
2. It is meant to be scanned quickly by the reader.
3. It uses numbered headings and sub headings.
4. It is composed of short and concise paragraphs.
5. It uses graphic illustrations such as tables, graphs, pie charts, etc.
6. It may have an abstract or an executive summary.
7. It may or may not have references or bibliography.
8. If often contains recommendations and/or appendices.

Report Categories
I. The informal Report
 It functions to inform, analyze, and recommend.
 It may be in the form of a memo, financial report, monthly activities report,
development report, research, etc.
 It is written according to an institution’s style and rules. Introductory and
prefatory parts are not required.
 It is used for conveying routine messages.

Types of Informal Report

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A. Progress Report
B. – written to provide information about the way a project is developing.
C. Sales activity report – helps a firm to understand about the progress of the sales
people and also identify the shortcomings.
D. Personnel evaluation – used by an organization to assess an employee’s
performance.
E. Financial report – a presents formal record of the financial activities of a business,
person or other entries.
F. Feasibility report – assesses the variability of a new project; details whether or not a
project should be undertaken and the reasons for that decision; persuades or helps
the decision makers to choose between available options.
G. Literature review – conveys to the readers the work already done and the knowledge
and ideas that have been already established on a particular topic of research.
H. Credit report – details report of an individual’s credit history prepared by a credit
bureau (Credit bureaus collect information and create credit reports based on that
information, and lenders use the reports along with other details to determine loan
applicants’ credit worthiness.)

II: The Formal Report

 It is an official report that contains a collection of detailed information,

research, and data necessary to make decisions.
 It is formal, complex and used at an official level.
 It is often a written account for a major project.
 It may be in the form of launching a new technology or a new project
line, results of a study or an experiment, a review of developments in
the field, etc.

TYPES OF FORMAL REPORTS

Types Characteristics Examples

Informal report  Provides data, facts, feedback.  Results of a
And other types of information research on the
without analysis or rise of HIV
recommendations. patients.
 Presents an update of an
operation, an information or status
of a current research so readers
can understand a particular
problem or situation.
Analytical reports  It goes beyond just presenting  Explanation of
results. what causes a
 Analytical reports present results, phenomenon.
analyze those results, and draw  Presentation of the
conclusions based on those results of a traffic

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results. It attempts to describe why study showing

or how something happened and accidents at an
explains what it means. intersection – the
report explains
what it means.
 Explanation of the
potential results of
a particular course
of action.
 Suggestion which
option, action, or
procedure is best.
 Report writing on
monthly budgets,
staff absentees
and so on.
Recommendation  This type advocates a particular  Using treatment X
reports course of action. This usually is more efficient
presents the results and than treatments Y
conclusions that support the and Z. However,
recommendations. that does not
 What should one do about a mean that you will
problem? use treatment X as
 Can a team do something? cost and other
 Should one change techniques, considerations
methods, technology, or do might recommend
something else. treatment Y.
Research reports  Most widely used report usually in  Writing a report on
university levels. some product
development.
 Report writing for
your competitor’s
activities.
Case Study Analysis  Includes real life examples  Widely used in
Reports university level
competitions

PARTS OF A REPORT

Parts of the Brief Contents Language

report Description Characteristics
Title Page Name of the  Name of the report in all caps factual
report (e.g. FINAL REPORT)
 Receiver’s name, title, and
organization
 Team name and team
members
 Date submitted
(month/day/year)
 The author/s, and their
association/organization
 No page number on title page
(page 1 is executive

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summary)
Table of What you find in  Show the beginning p[age factual
Contents the report number where each report
heading appears in the report
(do not put page number
range, just the first page
number).
 Connect headings to page
numbers with dots.
 Headings should be
grammatically parallel.
 No page number on TOC
page.
Executive A summary of  Should be no longer than one Factual, use of the
Summary the report page. third person, use of
 It provides the key passive verbs.
recommendations and
conclusions, rather than a
summary of the document.
Introduction Background,  Briefly describe the context.  Factual,
problem,  Identify the general subject use of third
approach, matter. person,
definition of  Describe the issue or use of
special words problem to be reported on. passive
used.  State the specific questions verbs.
the report answers.
 Outline the scope of the
report (extent of investigation)
 Preview the report structure.
 Comment on the limitations of
the report and any
assumptions made.

Parts of the Brief Contents Language

report Description Characteristics
Methods Methods or  For all types of research Factual, use of
procedures provide; third person, use of
which led to  Goal for each piece of passive verbs
findings research (what is your
question/hypothesis?)
 Data source
For surveys give the number
of surveys distributed, how
was it distributed, how was it
distributed, how the
population was chosen.
For observations give how,
when, and where the
observations occurred.
Findings Results,  The goal is to supply proofs  Factual,
investigation, for conclusions. use of third

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Research and  Discuss, analyze, and person,

calculation interpret (don’t just give use of
results, also say what they passive
mean – particularly with verbs.
benchmarking).
 Remember to report on all
your research, including
interviews with client and
personal observations
(discuss in methodology too).
 Support your findings with
new evidence.
 Provide summary paragraph
of key findings and their
significance at end of section.
 Explain all graphs in writing.
 Arrange the findings in logical
segments that follow your
outline. Findings should be
presented in the same order
as discussed in methodology.
 Use clear, descriptive
headings.
 Present “just the facts”, no
opinions, and no feelings.
Conclusion Conclusion  Interpret and summarize the Transition signals
drawn from the findings. such as it seems
findings  Say what they mean. that, the result
 Relate the conclusions to the indicate that, it is
report issue/problem. probable that, etc.
 Limit the conclusions to the
data presented; do not
introduce new material.
 Number the conclusions and
present them in parallel form.
 Be objective: avoid
exaggerating or manipulating
the data.

Parts of the Brief Contents Language

report Description Characteristics
Recommendations Things that  Make specific suggestions
should be done for actions to solve the
as a result report problem.
 Avoid conditional words
such as maybe and
perhaps.
 Present each suggestion
separately and begin with a
verb.
 Number the
recommendations
 Describe how the
recommendations maybe
implemented (If you were
requested to do this)
 Arrange the

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recommendations in an
announced order, such as
most important to least
important.

Bibliography Books,
magazines,
journals, reports,
and other
references used

FIRMING UP

1. What are the two main categories of reports? Explain the difference.
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2. Using a graphic organizer, illustrate the parts of a report. (Long Bond paper)
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CONCRETIZING

1. Using the sample report, you utilized in the engagement part of this lesson, analyze
how the English language is used in terms of structure, tense, and voice. How does
the language differ from other forms of writing?
2. What is your advocacy right now? Who are your target audience? Using the
appropriate type of report, make a write-up of your advocacy. Incorporate all the
parts of a report.

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INTROSPECTING

In this section on writing business and technical report, I

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