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    Electromagnetic Waves Class 12 Notes Chapter 8

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    1. The document discusses electromagnetic waves, including Maxwell's equations which describe electromagnetic interactions and the displacement current which is needed to account for changing electric fields. 2. It explains that electromagnetic waves are transverse waves with electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other and the direction of propagation, and that the electric and magnetic fields are in phase. 3. Applications of different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are discussed, including uses of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

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    Electromagnetic Waves Class 12 Notes Chapter 8

    Uploaded by

    DDDPP
    181 views4 pages
    1. The document discusses electromagnetic waves, including Maxwell's equations which describe electromagnetic interactions and the displacement current which is needed to account for changing electric fields. 2. It explains that electromagnetic waves are transverse waves with electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other and the direction of propagation, and that the electric and magnetic fields are in phase. 3. Applications of different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are discussed, including uses of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

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    1. The document discusses electromagnetic waves, including Maxwell's equations which describe electromagnetic interactions and the displacement current which is needed to account for changing electric fields. 2. It explains that electromagnetic waves are transverse waves with electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other and the direction of propagation, and that the electric and magnetic fields are in phase. 3. Applications of different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are discussed, including uses of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    181 views4 pages

    Electromagnetic Waves Class 12 Notes Chapter 8

    Uploaded by

    DDDPP
    1. The document discusses electromagnetic waves, including Maxwell's equations which describe electromagnetic interactions and the displacement current which is needed to account for changing electric fields. 2. It explains that electromagnetic waves are transverse waves with electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other and the direction of propagation, and that the electric and magnetic fields are in phase. 3. Applications of different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are discussed, including uses of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Electromagnetic Waves Class 12 Notes

    Chapter 8
    1. Displacement Current The current which comes into play m the region in which
    the electric field and the electric flux is changing with time. It is given by

    2. Need for Displacement Current Ampere’s circuital law for conduction current


    during charging of a capacitor was found inconsistent. Therefore, Maxwell modified
    Ampere’s circuital law.
    3. The displacement current produces in space due to change of electric flux linked
    with the surface. This reveals that, varying electric field is the source of magnetic
    field.
    4. Maxwell’s Equations of Electromagnetic Waves Maxwell’s equations are the basic
    laws of electricity and magnetism. These equations give complete description of ail
    electromagnetic interactions.
    There are four Maxwell’s equations which are explained below:

    5. Electromagnetic Waves An electromagnetic wave is a wave radiated by an


    accelerated or oscillatory charge in which varying magnetic field is the source of
    electric field and varying electric field is the source of magnetic field. Thus two fields
    becomes source of each other and the wave propagates in a direction perpendicular
    to both the fields.
    6. Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature, i.e. electric and magnetic fields
    are perpendicular to each other and to the direction of wave propagation.
    Electromagnetic waves are not. deflected by electric and magnetic fields.
    7. E (electric field) and B (magnetic field) in electromagnetic waves are in same
    phase.
    8. Speed of electromagnetic wave

    9. The energy in electromagnetic wave is divided on average equally between electric


    and magnetic fields.

    11. Linear momentum delivered to the surface, p= U/c


    where, U = total energy transmitted by electromagnetic waves and c = speed of
    electromagnetic wave.
    12. Electromagnetic Spectrum The systematic sequential distribution of
    electromagnetic waves in ascending or descending order of frequency or wavelength
    is known as electromagnetic spectrum. The range varies from 10 -12 m, to 104 m, i.e.
    from γ-rays to radio waves.
    13. Elementary facts about the uses of electromagnetic waves
    Radio waves
    (i) In radio and TV communication.
    (ii) In astronomical field.
    Microwaves
    (i) In RADAR communication.
    (ii) In analysis of molecular and atomic structure.
    (iii) For cooking purpose.
    Infrared waves
    (i) In knowing molecular structure. (ii) In remote control of TV VCR, etc.
    Ultraviolet rays
    (i) Used in burglar alarm. (ii ) To kill germs in minerals.
    X-rays
    (i) In medical diagnosis as they pass through the muscles not through the bones.
    (ii) In detecting faults, cracks, etc., in metal products,
    γ-rays
    (i) As food preservation. (ii) In radiotherapy.
    14. The optical effect is produced by electric field vector of the electromagnetic
    waves.

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