Caribbean Secondary Examination Council
Social Studies
School Based Assessment (S.B.A)
East Ruimveldt Secondary
CANDIDATE NAME: CANDIDATE NUMBER: 090021
Keasha Jones
Tatiyana Williams
Shanella Shepherd
Sheriah Headley
Daniela Adams
CENTRE CODE: 090021
NAME OF SCHOOL: East Ruimveldt Secondary
CENTRE CODE: 090021
TOPIC: HIV/AIDS
TEACHER: Ms. London
TERITORY: Guyana
YEAR: 2022
1
TABLE OF CONTENT
Content Page No.
Acknowledgement 3
Introduction 4
Statement of Problem 5
Reasons for selecting the area of 6
study
Method of investigation 7
Instrument used to collect data 8-13
Procedure used to collect data 14
Presentation of data 15-20
Interpretation and analysis of data 21
Statement of findings 22
Recommendations and 23
implementation strategy
Appendix 24-25
Bibliography 26
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers would like to express their profound gratitude to God for giving them health
and strength so that they can complete this SBA. Secondly, a special thank you extended to
their Social Studies teacher, Miss London, for her guidance and support in the completion of
our SBA. The researchers would also like to express their gratitude to their parents for
providing them with all financial and moral support throughout this SBA. This SBA will not
only benefit them as a student but will also develop their critical and analytical skills to
function in society.
3
Introduction
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that targets the immune system of the body.
HIV can develop to AIDS if it is not treated (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).
Learning the fundamentals of HIV can help you stay healthy and prevent HIV transmission.
HIV infection in humans was caused by a sort of chimpanzee in Central Africa. The
chimpanzee variant of the virus (known as simian immunodeficiency virus, or SIV) was most
likely passed on to humans when humans hunted these chimpanzees for meat and came into
touch with their contaminated blood. According to research, HIV may have spread from
chimpanzees to people as early as the late 1800s. HIV moved slowly across Africa and
eventually into other areas of the world over decades. The virus has been known to exist in
the United States since at least the mid to late 1970s. Within 2 to 4 weeks of infection, some
patients have flu-like symptoms (called acute HIV infection). These symptoms might persist
a few days or several weeks. Fever, chills, rash, night sweats, muscle pains, sore throat,
fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and mouth ulcers are all possible symptoms. However, some
people may not feel ill throughout an acute HIV infection. These symptoms do not indicate
that you have HIV. These symptoms can also be caused by other conditions. However, HIV
is divided into three stages. Acute HIV infection is the first stage, followed by Chronic HIV
infection and finally Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
4
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
What are the main causes and effects of HIV/AIDS in the Tiger Bay Area?
5
Reason for selecting study area
The researchers chose to investigate on the topic HIV/AIDS because of the following
reasons:
▪The researcher has been living in Tiger Bay area for the past (15) years and observed that the
HIV/AIDS rate is staggering in her community.
▪The researcher would like to help teens in tiger bay make better decisions about their sex
lives.
6
Method of Investigation
The researcher chose to use the questionnaire to use the questionnaire to gather information
for this study.
The questionnaire as a tool for investigation has the following advantages:
▪Any information given via questionnaire is confidential since responders are not required to
give their names.
▪Most questionnaire providers are quantitative in nature and allow easy analysis of results|
▪A large sample of the given population can be contacted at relatively low cost
7
QUESTIONNAIRE
1. What is your Gender?
Male
Female
2. What is your Ethnicity?
African
East Indian
Portuguese
Mixed
3. What is your Religion?
Christian
Hindu
Muslim
4. What age range do you fall in?
11 – 13
14 – 16
17 – 19
5. How long have you been living in the community?
1 – 5 years
6 – 10 years
Over 10 years
Under 1 year
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6. What is your marital status?
Married
Widowed
Separated
Divorced
Living with Partner
Single
Prefer not to say
7. Do you know anyone living with HIV/AID’s?
Yes
No
8. Which of these is the best way to prevent HIV/AIDs?
Condoms
Abstinence
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Non-Sharing of needles
9. Which of these ways do you believe makes it easier for the contraction of HIV/AIDs?
Breast Feeding
Blood Transfusion
Sharing of needles
Unprotected sex
9
10. Which of these do you believe is the main symptoms of HIV/AIDS?
Flu like symptoms
Fever
Loss of weight
Sores on skin
11. Which race of people do you believe are more at risk of getting shunned by family
members after contracting HIV/AIDS?
East Indies
Africans
Portuguese
Mixed
12. Do you think the community leader of tiger bay can help people in the community living
with HIV/AID’s?
Counselling
Supplying medication
Providing transport for treatment
Providing nutrients
13.What age range of individuals do you believe is more susceptible to HIV/AIDS?
15-20 years
21-25 years
26-30 years
31 and over
10
14. Which of these activities do you think contributes to negative behaviours that can lead to
persons getting HIV/AIDS?
Drug use (Needle sharing)
Prostitution
Drinking alcohol
Being Promiscuous
15. Which of these facilities is in community for the treatment of HIV/AIDS patients?
Health Centre
GRPA (Guyana Responsible Parenthood Association)
Hospital
Private Doctors
16. What do you believe is one of the main consequences of getting HIV/AIDS?
Discrimination at the workplace
Shunning from family members
Loss of friendships
Depression
17. Which of these ways is the best way to inform individuals about HIV/AIDS?
Pamphlet
Education
Billboards
Workshops
18. What do you think an HIV positive victim should do to keep their body healthy?
Take their medication
Eat Healthy
Lessen their number of sexual partners
Take weekly check ups
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19. What do you think young adults today can do to prevent the spread of HIV/AID’s?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
20. What advice would you give to a friend who confides in you that he or she is HIV
positive?
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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Cover letter
137 Eldorado Avenue
South Ruimveldt Gardens
East Ruimveldt Secondary
743 ‘A’ Avacado Place
Georgetown
Dear Respondent,
This survey is being carried out for my school-based assessment for social
studies. I am required to do a survey and kindly asking that you assist in answering a few
simple questions.
All questions MUST be answered, the questions can be answered with a. You are not
required to state your name and answers that you have chosen will not be shared with anyone
else. Thank you for your co – operation
Yours sincerely,
Keasha Jones, Tatiyana Williams, Sheriah Headley,
Daniela Adams, Shanella Shepherd
13
Procedure used to collect data
The researchers used a questionnaire as a method of data collection. The
researchers used distributed twenty (20) questionnaire to the Tiger bay area
which helped the researchers gather information. Data collection was given out
between the hours of three pm. (3 pm) and five thirty PM. (5:30 PM.) over a
course of six days preferably Monday to Saturday.
14
Presentation of data
Question Respondents Response Percentage
Which of these is the 9 Condoms 45%
best way to prevent
HIV/AIDs?
2 Abstinence 10%
2 Pre-Exposure 10%
Prophylaxis
7 35%
Non-Sharing of
needles
9 100
× = 45% (Condoms)
20 1
2 100
× = 10% (Abstinence)
20 1
2 100
× = 10% (Pre-Exposure prophylaxis)
20 1
7 100
× = 35% (Non-Sharing of needles)
20 1
15
Pie chart illustrating the best way to prevent HIV/AIDs
Non-sharing needles
12%
Pre-Explosure
Prophylaxis
13%
Condom
Abstinence 61%
13%
16
Question Respondents Response Percentage
Which of these 1 Breast Feeding 5%
ways do you
believe makes it 7 Blood
easier for the Transfusion 35%
contraction of
HIV/AIDs 4 Sharing of 20%
needles
8 40%
Unprotected sex
1 100
20
× 1
= 5% (Breastfeeding)
7 100
20
× 1
=35% (Blood Transfusion)
4 100
20
× 1
=20% (Sharing of needles)
8 100
20
× 1
=40% (Unprotected sex)
17
Histogram illustrating the ways you can contract HIV/AIDs
Ways in which persons can contract HIV/AIDs
9
Unprotected sex
8
Blood transfusion
7
6
Respondents
5
Sharing of needles
4
2
Breast feeding
1
0
5% 35% 29% 40%
Percentage
18
Question Respondents Response Percentage
Which of these 2 Flu like 10%
do you believe is symptoms
the main
symptoms of 3 Fever 15%
HIV/AIDS?
10 50%
Loss of weight
5 25%
Sores on skin
2 100
× = 10% (Flu like symptoms)
20 1
3 100
× =15% (Fever)
20 1
10 100
× = 50% (Loss of weight)
20 1
5 100
× =25% (Sores on skin)
20 1
19
Bar graph showing the no. of respondents choosing the
same symptoms of HIV/AIDS
12
10
50%
8
4 25%
2 15%
10%
0
20
Interpretation and analysis of data
The purpose of this school-based assessment (SBA) was to determine the primary causes and
effects HIV/AIDs in the Tiger Bay area. The data obtained in this SBA was presented using a
bar graph, pie chart, and a histogram.
The pie chart depicts four methods of HIV/AIDS prevention. Using condoms is the greatest
method to prevent HIV/AIDS, according to 45% of respondents. Interestingly, 10% of
respondents said that pre-exposure prophylaxis and abstinence is the most effective ways to
avoid HIV/AIDS, while 35% believed that non-sharing of needles is the most effective way
to prevent HIV/AIDS.
The histogram depicts ways in which you can easily contract HIV/AIDs, with 5% of
respondents claiming that breastfeeding makes it easier to contract HIV/AIDs, 35% of the
respondents suggested that blood transfusion makes it easier to contract HIV/AIDs, 20%
claimed that the sharing needles makes it easier to contract the virus, and 40% insisted that
unprotected sex makes it easier to contract HIV/AIDs. The bar graph depicts the various
symptoms of HIV/AIDs, whereby 10% of respondents stated that flu-like symptoms are the
main symptoms of HIV/AIDs, while 15% of respondents believed that fever is the main
symptoms of HIV/AIDs, and 50% of respondents indicated that loss of weight is the main
symptoms of HIV/AIDs and 25% of respondents stated that sores on the skin are perhaps
the common symptoms of HIV/AIDS. Each graph/chart was properly accounted for 100%.
21
Statement of findings
The researchers have discovered the following:
▪ Many individuals can easily contract HIV/AIDs through unprotected sex, blood transfusion
or the sharing of needles.
▪ 45% of respondents stated that condoms are the best way to prevent HIV/AIDs and 35% of
respondents stated that the non-sharing of needles can also be a main factor of preventing
HIV/AIDs.
▪ 50% of respondents believe that the loss of weight can be a main symptom of HIV/AIDs
and also 25% of respondents believe the soring of the skin can be a symptom of HIV/AIDs.
22
Recommendations and implementation strategy
The researchers recommend the below mentioned points that can help persons prevent
HIV/AIDs:
▪ The Ministry of Health should introduce care packages for individual and teach them how
to use a condom correctly every time they have sex.
▪ The Ministry of Health should advise partners PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) to about
the risk so giving each other HIV/AIDs.
▪ The Ministry of health should introduce the health care facilities for persons suffering with
HIV/AIDs.
Implementation strategy for recommendations
The health care can get supplies from non-governmental for supplies or donations for the
facility so they will be able to look after patients to get their treatment.
23
Appendix
Figure 1: shows the possible symptoms of HIV/AIDs.
Figure 2: shows the animal that infected humans with HIV/AIDs by the eating
of its meat.
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Figure 3: shows how HIV could destroy the CD4 cells over a 10-year period.
25
Bibliography
https://hivinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/hiv-and-aids-basics
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html
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