The Observer - Gatsby Is Back

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The Observer

First published on Sun 21 Nov 2010 00.11 GMT

Gatsby is back !
F Scott Fitzgerald's landmark novel tells the story of the mysterious Jay Gatsby who sets the
louche social scene of Long Island on fire with his style, parties and enigmatic persona. It was
hailed as emblematic of the Jazz Age of the 1920s; a portrait of decadent fun and impossible
dreams complete with a poignant message of exclusion and fraud that presaged the coming
Great Depression of the 1930s.

Given the spirit of the novel, it is perhaps no surprise that The Great Gatsby is rising again in
America's cultural landscape of 2010. Across the continent, Gatsby is back. In New York the
great Broadway hit of the summer was the epic Public Theater production Gatz, where the
entire book is read out in an eight-hour marathon.

Literary experts believe that many of the themes associated with the book will resonate in a
country coming to terms with the end of a great economic boom and experiencing
unemployment and hardship: they look back with longing to the Roaring Twenties and a time
when the boom seemed to suggest that outrageous wealth was a possibility for everyone. It is
something that many Americans facing mass unemployment and the economic wreckage left
by a burst property bubble can relate to.

"The 1920s were the first fetishised decade. That is part of the legacy of The Great Gatsby. In
that sense it describes a moment of prosperity just before a crash," said Keith Gandal, a
literature lecturer at City University of New York, who is teaching Gatsby to his students this
year.

Of course, what Gatsby is actually about has always been hotly debated since it was published
in 1925. Gandal argues that the book is in many ways dealing with the subject of a greater
opening up of American society in the wake of the first world war as non-Wasp Americans –
as Gatsby turns out to be – are striving successfully to enter high society and take over the
pillars of the American establishment.

"In fact this is set in a society where everything is opening up and the Wasp elite is pushing
back. It is not necessarily a story of exclusivity," Gandal said. But in most popular culture the
book has been interpreted the other way around: as depicting the illusory nature of the
American dream. It seems likely that Luhrmann's project will follow that route, sticking to the
spirit of previous film adaptations, such as the 1974 version starring Robert Redford and Mia
Farrow in the roles of Gatsby and Daisy.

The Australian director has said he sees parallels between the rise and fall of Gatsby and the
tragedy of our modern economic hard times. In an interview with the Hollywood Reporter he
said: "If you wanted to show a mirror to people that says, 'You've been drunk on money',
they're not going to want to see it. But if you reflected that mirror on another time, they'd be
willing to. People will need an explanation of where we are and where we've been – and The
Great Gatsby can provide that explanation. America seems to be very much agreeing with
him. A poll taken by ABC News and Yahoo in September asked Americans if they thought
the American dream was dead. A remarkable 43% of those surveyed replied that it was. Not
surprisingly, those already rich were likely to be more receptive to the idea that it still existed
than those with less money, implying the dream has become a preserve of the wealthier
classes. Yet that goes against its core ideal, according to which wealth and status are open to
anyone provided they work hard enough.

Like Gatsby himself, a country known for its cheery optimism is coming to terms with a
brutal reality check. The lessons taught by The Great Gatsby are living on.

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