Equipment-Profile Report 280222

Ukraine conflict

Equipment profile

28 February 2022
Ukraine conflict: Equipment profile

Contents
Russian Navy Black Sea Fleet (BSF) 8 Antonov An-30 17
Submarines 9 Antonov An-72 and An-74 17
Cruiser 9 Antonov An-74-300 18
Frigates 9 Beriev (Ilyushin) A-50 18
Corvette/missile boats 9 Beriev A-100 Premyer 18
Corvette/missile boats 10 Beriev A-60 18
Amphibious forces 10 Beriev Be-12 (M-12) Chaika (Seagull) NATO
reporting name: Mail 19
Amphibious forces 11
Ilyushin Il-18 19
Mine warfare 11
Ilyushin Il-20 19
Ukranian Navy 12
Ilyushin Il-22 19
Frigate 13
Ilyushin Il-38 20
Corvette 13
Ilyushin Il-76 20
Fast attack craft – missile 13
Ilyushin Il-76 20
Patrol craft 13
Ilyushin Il-78 20
Inshore Patrol Craft 14
Kamov Ka-226 20
Minehunter 14
Kamov Ka-27, Ka-28 21
Inshore Patrol Craft – border guards 14
Kamov Ka-29, Ka-31, and Ka-35 21
Patrol Craft 14
Kamov Ka-52 Alligator 21
AIR 15
Kazan/Mil Mi-17 21
Manned and Unmanned 15
MiG (Mikoyan) MiG-21 21
Aero L-39 16
Antonov An-12 16
Antonov An-140 16
Antonov An-148, An-158, An-168, and An-178 16
MiG-29 22
Antonov An-22 17
MiG-29 and MiG-35 22
Antonov An-24 17
MIL (PZL Swidnik) Mi-2 23
Antonov An-26 17
Mil Mi-14 23
Mil Mi-17, Mi-19, Mi-171, and Mi-172 23 ZALA 421-16 29

Mil Mi-24, Mi-25, and Mi-35 23 Unmanned Systems Supercam S-300M 29
Mil Mi-26 23 9F6021E Versatile Training Target System (VTTS)
30
Mil Mi-28 24
Yakovlev Pchela/Shmel 30
Mil Mi-35 - NATO reporting name: Hind 24
ZALA 421-08 30
Mil Mi-8 24
Aerokon Inspector 202O 30
Mil Mi-8/17/171 – upgrades 24
Aero Robotics GS-100 31
Sukhoi Su-17/Su-22 24
Aeronautics Aerolight, Aerosky,
Sukhoi Su-24 25 and Aerostar 31
Sukhoi Su-25 and Su-28 25 Aero Robotics MPU-10 31
Sukhoi Su-27 25 Kronshtadt Orion-E 31
Sukhoi Su-30 (Su-27PU) 25 Roselectronics Korsar UAS 32
Sukhoi Su-30M 25 Okhotnik 32
Sukhoi Su-33 (Su-27K) 26 YuVS AVIA Granad VA-1000 GCS 32
Sukhoi Su-34 26 ENICS E95M 32
Sukhoi Su-35 26 Strela (Lavochkin) La-17 32
Sukhoi Su-57 26 Tupolev Tu-143 and Tu-243 Reis 33
Tupolev Tu-134 - NATO reporting name: Crusty 27 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - STT Orlan 33
Tupolev Tu-154 27 SKAT Systems GCS 33
Tupolev Tu-160 27 Izhmash Tachyon 33
Tupolev Tu-214 Special Geoscan Group Geoscan 101 33
Mission Versions 27
Unmanned Systems Photobot 34
Tupolev Tu-22M 28
Unmanned Systems Supercam 34
Tupolev Tu-95 and Tu-142 28
Unmanned Systems Pioneer 34
Yakovlev Yak-130 28
KumAPP Katran 34
ENICS Berta E08 28
ZALA 421-16E5 34
ENICS DSAS E25 28
IAI Searcher 35
ENICS E17M 29
RT LTA Systems Skystar 35
OKB Simonov Dan 29
Blik-M 35
AEROKON Turman-AS GCS 29
CDET RAM 35 Borisoglebsk-2 42

SPE ‘Athlon Avia’ A1-S Furia 35 R-330ZH Zhitel 42
SKDB ‘Luch’ Sokil-2 36 Krasukha-4 42
SIS A-12 Uragan 36 C4ISR 43
OJSC ‘Meridian’ Spectator 36 C2 43
SIS A-4 Albatros 36 Wearable weapons terminal (NTSP) 83t289-1.11 44
SIS A-3 Remez 36 MP-K on the 9C931-1 C2 vehicle 44
SIS A-11 Swift 37 Aero Robotics GS-100 44
UKRSPEC PD-1 37 1V172-2 Artillery Command
and Surveillance System 44
UKRSPEC PC-1 37
MTK-201ME 45
Matrix UAV Comandor 37
83t888-1.7 mortar fire-control system 45
Matrix UAV Katana 37
Automated MANPAD C2 system 45
Matrix UAV Oko 38
P-230T 45
ITEC Skif 38
ASUZ TZ Command System 45
ITEC Patriot R2 38
9C931 tracked C3 vehicle series 46
KPI APUS 1505A series 38
DA42 and DA62 special
UA Technology UA-Beta 38 mission variants 46
UA Technology UA-Gamma 39 Tupolev Tu-214 46
UA Technology UA-Poly 39 II-86VKP 46
DeViRo Leleka-100 39 Ka-31 AEW 47
AICS Raybird 3 39 Multisensor Surveillance Systems – MiG-25R
variants 47
C4ISR 40
Ranzhir 47
Electronic warfare 40
PU-12M7 47
RQ-4D Phoenix Block 40 41
C4ISR 48
RC-135V 41
Military communications 48
Airborne Reconnaissance and Targeting Multi-
Mission Intelligence System (ARTEMIS) 41 R-163-50K transceiver 49
Tu-214 41 R-134 HF transceiver 49
Leer-2/Leer-3 42 R-173M VHF tank transceiver 49
R-171M UHF radio set 49 PNK-4SR Agat-R sighting and observation system
56
Berkut-M HF transceiver 49
1A43U ‘Ros’ tank sighting system 57
R-168 5UNE-2 Radio 50
PNK-6 panoramic sighting system 57
R-625 (Fir) Radio Station 50
KDT-2U laser rangefinder 57
Svet-KU 50
PT2 Thermal Monocular 57
R-187-P1E Azart Radio 50
GEO-NV-III-ONV night-vision goggle 57
R-163-50U Radio set and R-163-UP Receiver 51
OLS-UE/-UEM 58
R-168-100UE-2 radio 51
OLS-K 58
R-168-0.1UE handheld radio 51
I-25I 58
R-168-5UN(1)E VHF Radio 51
GEO-NV-III-TV day/night
R-168-25UE-2 VHF Radio Series 52 tracking system 58
Apparatura Vnutrennoy Svyazi, Komutatsii i Sapsan/Sapsan E targeting pod 59
Upravlenia – Eksportnaya AVSKU-E 52
Prichal laser rangefinder/designator 59
R-168-5KNE Radio 52
1PN113 Night sight 59
R-168MRDE multi-channel radio 52
1PN111 Night sight 59
AT-E air information exchange terminal 53
1PN92-2 long-range night reconnaissance device
Strelets individual soldier C2 system 53 60
NKVS-27 communication system 53 1PN50/Baigysh-6U 60
R-168-0.5MKME portable radio 53 Klyon (Klen) laser illumination and ranging station
60
R-168-5KVE radio 53
OLS-13SM-1 optical locator station 60
RATNIK Radios 54
TO1-KO4DT 61
Arbalet (Crossbow) System 54
PN-14K night-vision device 61
P-260T ‘Redut-2US’ communication complex 54
1PN97M Maugli-2M thermal sight 61
R-168-100KBE/KAE radio set 54
OEPS-29/27 optical-electronic pointing sights 61
C4ISR 55
IRBIS-K thermal imaging system 62
EOIR 55
1P76 Rakurs (P01x20) collimator sight 62
Sura-series Helmet-Mounted Target Designation
System 56 ZLN-1K laser aiming device 62
1P22 56 Palma Automatic Optronic Control System (AOCS)
62
PM-LKT 56
PLISA thermal imaging sight 63 Zhuk series fire-control radars 70

OEPS-301 (31E-MK) optical-electronic pointing Novella/Sea Dragon Series Maritime Patrol Radars
sight 63 70
C4ISR 64 55Zh6UE Nebo-UE 3D surveillance radar 70
Radar 64 Oborona-14 early-warning radar 70
SNR-125 tracking and missile control radar series Vostok-D/E mobile surveillance radar 71
65
LAND 72
5N63 tracking radars 65
AFVs 72
RSN-75 ‘Fan Song’ missile
control radars 65 Kozak 2 73
MR-114 Lev, MR-145 Drakon and MR-184 gun fire- Dozor-B 73
control systems 65
Bars 73
1S91 fire-control radar 66
Shrek 73
9S15MV target acquisition radar 66
Raptor 73
P19 Early warning radar 66
Varta 74
P18 Early warning radar 66
Novator 74
9S18M1 Target Acquisition Radar 66
Triton-01 74
3Ts-25E (Garpun B) 67
Saxon 74
MR-352 (Positiv-E) fire-control radar 67
Spartan 74
Eye Bowl fire-control radar 67
Cougar 75
Uzola mobile 3d active phased array air
surveillance radar 67 M1114 75
1L121E mobile 3D radar 68 Tigr; Tigr-M 75
RSM 970 S monopulse secondary surveillance Light Multirole Vehicle (LMV) 75
radar/Mode S 68
Taifun-K Kamaz-53949; Kamaz-4386 75
1L220-U/1L220U-KC radar reconnaissance and
fire-control radar 68 Taifun-K; Kamaz-63968; KAMAZ-63969 76
VOSTOK 3S S-Band 3D Radar 68 Taifun-U 76
Air Defence Radar – Monolit-B 69 Ural-VV 76
E-801 airborne early warning GAZ-3937 Vodnik 76
(AEW) radar 69
BPM-97 Vystrel 76
Ka-35 69
BRDM-2 77
Nebo-SVU surveillance radar 69
BTR-60 77
BTR-70 77
BTR-80; BTR-82A 77
BTR-3 77
BTR-4 78
MT-LB 78
BMP-1 78
BMP-2 78
BMP-3 78
BMD-1; BTR-D; 2S9; BREhM-D 79
BMD-2 79
BMD-3 79
BMD-4M; BTR-MDM 79
BMPT-1; BMPT-2; BMPT-72 80
T-64; BM-Bulat 80
T-72 80
T-80; T-84 Oplot 80
T-90 80
RUSSIAN NAVY BLACK
SEA FLEET (BSF)
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This PDF serves as a quick-reference digest of the naval assets in the Russian Federation
Navy’s Black Sea Fleet and the Ukrainian Navy. The information provided is a fraction of the
content available to subscribers, with direct links to Janes Fighting Ships records embedded in
each section. There are far more vessels in Russian service all covered by Janes online and in
hardcopy, but beyond the initial scope of this digest.
Confidential. © 2022 Janes Group UK Ltd. All rights reserved 8 25 February 2022
Submarines https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_C547-JFS_
6 modified Kilo (Project 636.3) armed with Kalibr missiles are part of the BSF.
Cruiser https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_2578-JFS_
Moskva a Slava (Atlant) class (Project 1164) cruiser is part of the BSF.
Frigates https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_4626-JFS_
Ladny and Pytlivy are Krivak (Project 1135/1135M) class (FFM) class frigates based at BSF
https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_B485-JFS_
All three Admiral Grigorovich (Project 11356M) class (FFGH) frigates of Russian Navy are part
of BSF. They are equipped with land attack as well as antiship version of Kalibr missiles.
Corvette/missile boats https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_C025-JFS_
3 Bykov (Project 22160) class coastal defence ships are part of the BSF.
Corvette/missile boats https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_B486-JFS_
4 out of 9 in service Buyan-M (Project 21631) class corvettes are part of the BSF. These can be
equipped with Kalibr land attack missiles.
https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_2589-JFS_
BSF has 6 Grisha (Albatros) (Project 1124/1124M) class corvettes in its inventory.
Both Dergach (Sivuch) (Project 1239) class ships, commissioned in 90’s, are part of the BSF.
Tarantul II were built at Kolpino, Petrovsky, Leningrad and in the Pacific in 1980–86. Produc-
tion of Taruntul IIIs then continued until 1995. 5 out of 18 are based at BSF.
Amphibious forces https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_2633-JFS_
3 out 4 operational Alligator (Tapir) (Project 1171) class LSTM are part of the BSF. Lift capabil-
ity include 300 troops; about 20 tanks and various trucks; 40 AFVs.
Amphibious forces https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_2632-JFS_
4 Ropucha (Project 775/775M) class ships are active with BSF. Lift capability include 10 MBT
plus 190 troops or 24 AFVs plus 170 troops or mines.
2 Serna (Project 11770) class LCU capable of carrying 45 tonnes or 100 troops are
active with BSF.
Capable of carrying 1 MBT, 5 of these LCM are with the Black Sea Fleet.
Mine warfare https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_B618-JFS_
3 new Alexandrit (Project 12700) class have been added to the BSF since 2019.
First reported in 1970. Built at Kolpino and Khabarovsk. BSF has 5 of the class.
UKRANIAN NAVY
This PDF serves as a quick-reference digest of the naval assets in the Russian Federation
Navy’s Black Sea Fleet and the Ukrainian Navy. The information provided is a fraction
of the content available to subscribers, with direct links to Janes Fighting Ships records
embedded in each section. There are far more vessels in Russian service all covered by
Janes online and in hardcopy, but beyond the initial scope of this digest.
Frigate https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_3344-JFS_
Hetman Sagaidachny is a Krivak III (Nerey) class (Project 1135.1) frigate built in erstwhile
USSR. Presently undergoing repair.
Corvette https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/jfs_4490-jfs_
Vinnitsa is a ‘Grisha II’ (Type 1124P) ex-Russian Border Guard ship transferred in 1996. Based
at Odessa. Operational availbility is uncertain.
Fast attack craft – missile https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_3349-JFS_
Priluki is Matka (Vekhr) class (Project 206MP) ship transferred in 1996. Refitted in 2016.
Patrol craft https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_C693-JFS_
4 ex US Coast Guard island class cutter were transferred from US as part as Excess Defence
Article to Ukraine till 2021.
Inshore Patrol Craft https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_B816-JFS_
7 Gurza-M (Project 58155) class inshore patrol craft built indigenously and delivered in 2016
to 2021 period.
Minehunter https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_3352-JFS_
Genichesk is a Yevgenya (Korond) (Project 1258) class (MHC) minehunter transferred from
Russia in 1996. Based at Odessa.
Inshore Patrol Craft – border guards https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/jfs_5561-jfs_
16 Kalkan class are likely to be operational with Border Guards.
4 Stenka (Tarantul) class (Project 205P) boats are operational with Border Guards.
Patrol Craft https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/jfs_5250-jfs_
Skadovsk is a Zhuk (Grif) class (Project 1400M) patrol craft transferred from Russia in 1997.
AIR
Manned and Unmanned
This PDF gathers Janes reference data for indigenously developed equipment involved
in the Ukraine conflict in a single document. There is a significant overlap in equipment
types in common service with Russian and Ukrainian forces, so this document collates the
information by domain – Air, Land, C4ISR and Weapons – in line with the Janes reference
portfolio. The information in this document is a fraction of the content available to Janes
subscribers, who can access the full specifications and data via links embedded in the
document. It is intended to be a quick reference document, indicative of the type of content
covered by Janes and is not a comprehensive list of equipment in service with either force.
Aero L-39 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A132-JAU_
The Aero L-39 is a two-seat, trainer jet aircraft developed and manufactured by Aero
Vodochody A S in the Czech Republic (former Czechoslovakia). The design programme was
initiated in the 1964 to succeed the L-29 and design a principal training aircraft powered by a
single turbofan engine. The L-39 was developed into subsequent attack and training versions
and formed the basis of the separate L-59, L159 ALCA and L-39NG.
Antonov An-12 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1166-JAU_
The Antonov An-12 is a four engine, turboprop tactical transport aircraft developed from the
passenger Antonov An-12 between 1955–59 and produced until 1972. The An-12 is designed
and used for cargo transport and paratroop operations over medium-range distances,
with a cargo capacity of up to 20,000 kg. The Antonov An-12 was originally developed and
produced by Antonov in the former Soviet Union and has been adapted into a large number
of military and civil variants.
Antonov An-140 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A231-JAU_
The An-140 is a family of regional turboprop transport aircraft which was developed by
Antonov in the Ukraine. The development of the platform began in 1993, followed by first
flight in 1997 and certification in 2000. Certification was achieved to satisfy international
standards. The twin turboprop engine powered aircraft was manufactured in two variants,
the An-140 and the subsequent An-140-100. The An-140 series can be used for passenger (up
to 52) and cargo transport and for both commercial and military applications. It is designed
to be capable of unsupported operation from airfields with unprepared runways at all
altitudes and in all weathers, providing airline-standard comfort. A variant of the platform
is used for aerial photographic survey. Limited numbers of both aircraft versions were
manufactured until production was suspended in 2015. The aircraft was jointly produced
in Ukraine, Russia and under licence production in Iran. The aircraft type continues to be in
service with the Russian Air Force and Navy.
Antonov An-148, An-158, An-168, and An-178 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA5464-JAWA
The An-148 is a family of twin-jet aircraft developed by Antonov in Ukraine. Development of

the baseline An-148 version began in 2001 followed by first flight in 2004 and certification in
2007. The An-148 has further led to the development of the An-158, An-168 and An-178 ver-
sions. Versions can used for commercial and cargo transport, VIP travel, utility and medical
purposes. Variants are also proposed for maritime patrol and airborne early warning and
control applications. Versions of the aircraft are in service with various commercial opera-
tors as well as with the armed forces of Cuba, North Korea and Russia.
The An-22 is a military transport aircraft manufactured by Antonov in Ukraine. Development

was initiated in 1960 with the first flight in 1965. The Design features Antonov characteristic
high-wing and four Kuznetsov turboprop engines. A total of 68 aircraft were built until pro-
duction ended in 1976.
The An-24 is a twin-turboprop short-range transport, manufactured by Antonov, in Ukraine.

The development was started in 1957, to replace earlier piston-engined types on Aeroflot’s
internal feeder-line routes. The An-24 was intended originally to carry 32 to 40 passengers,
later developed into a 44 seater after the prototype flew on 20 October 1959. A Chinese ver-
sion, the Y-7, was also developed and adapted into subsequent variants.
The An-26 is a twin-turboprop pressurised short-haul transport, manufactured by Antonov,

in Ukraine. The aircraft is based on the earlier An-24RT and has an extended fuselage tail
section with large cargo door and ramp. was first exhibited in 1969 and was superseded by
the An-32 after 1986.
The Antonov An-30 is a twin-turboprop surveillance aircraft manufactured by Antonov. The

aircraft is developed from the An-24 transport aircraft to be used as an aerial surveillance
platform. The An-30 airplane first flew in 1974. Since its introduction, the aircraft has under-
gone various conversions to meet requirements for variety of aerial operations ranging from
aerial photography, as a flying testbed for remote sensing of the Earth’s surface, to detect
presence of radioactivity in the atmosphere and weather control. The aircraft had been used
by Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Russia and Ukraine to carry out surveillance under the Open
Skies Treaty.
Antonov An-72 and An-74 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A171-JAU_
An-72 and An-74 are a family of short take-off and landing (STOL) twin-jet freighter aircraft
manufactured by Antonov in Ukraine. Development began in 1974 for An-72, as a light mili-
tary transport version and An-74 (modified An-72) in support of research operations in Arctic
and Antarctic. Design features characteristic two high-mounted turbofan engines close to
the fuselage which adds to the short take-off capabilities. Various versions were manufac-
tured from 1984 to 2004. As of 2019, versions of An-72 and An-74 are in service with military
forces and civil operators.
Antonov An-74-300 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A206-JAU_
The An-74-300 is a twin-jet short take-off and landing (STOL) aircraft manufactured by
Antonov in Ukraine. It is a modified An-74 fitted with underslung engines. The platform was
introduced in 1998 and flew for first time in 2001. Versions were reported to be in service
with Ukrainian and Libyan government.
Beriev (Ilyushin) A-50 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A206-JAU_
The A-50 is a family of airborne early warning and control system (AEW&CS) aircraft based on
an Ilyushin Il-76 airframe, and manufactured by Beriev Aircraft Company. Its development
began in 1969 with the development of the Shmel (Bumblebee) AWACS system, based on the
Grib (Mushroom) radar. It features the rotating ‘saucer’ radome on twin pylons above the
fuselage. Versions of the platform are currently in service with China, India, and Russia.
Beriev A-100 Premyer https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWAA989-JAWA
Beriev A-100 Premyer (English name : Premier) is a Russian airborne early warning and con-
trol system aircraft being developed by the Beriev Aircraft Company. This project reportedly
originated in 2004 and is the intended successor to Beriev A-50 and A-50U aircraft. In 2017
Russian requirements for A-100 stated to be minimum of 39 aircraft. Having faced multiple
delays, the service date is now re-scheduled to 2020.
Beriev A-60 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWAB304-JAWA
The A-60 is an airborne laser technology demonstrator platform developed by Beriev. It is

based on the Il-76 transport aircraft. The A-60 is used for the airborne combat laser pro-
gramme and houses a laser system in its cargo section. The initial platform A-60(1A) which
first flew in 1981 was built as a reconnaissance balloon interceptor. Subsequent platform
was known to have taken an anti-satellite role. The A-60 platform is still in the development
stage and none are known to be operational.
Beriev Be-12 (M-12) Chaika (Seagull) https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1012-JAU_
NATO reporting name: Mail

The Beriev Be-12 (M-12) Chaika (Seagull) is an amphibious aircraft first developed in the
Soviet Union in the 1950s. The aircraft is powered by two 3,862 kW (5,180 ehp) Ivchenko
AI-20D turboprop engines, and is used in anti-submarine, maritime patrol, and search-and-
rescue operations. The aircraft features a cranked gull-wing, MAD boom, and can accommo-
date a crew of five.
Ilyushin Il-18 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1017-JAU_
The Il-18 is a family of four turboprop engined passenger transport aircraft manufactured
by Ilyushin in Russian Federation. The all metal structure aircraft first entered production
in 1957. About 565 Il-18 aircraft of all variants were manufactured until production ended in
1969.
The Il-20 family is designed and manufactured by Ilyushin. The Il-20M and Il-20RT are based
on the Il-18 transport platform which were built for the Russian Armed Forces. The first pro-
totype was flown on 25 March 1968. The Il-20M is used for surveillance purposes, providing
COMINT, SIGINT, and ELINT capabilities. The Il-20RT was used as a space/missile telemetry
aircraft until its role was changed to transport and crew trainers.
The Il-22 is a special missions platform based on the Il-18D transport aircraft. Variants of
the aircraft are used by the Russian Armed Forces as signals intelligence (SIGINT), electronic
intelligence (ELINT), airborne command post and electronic warfare platforms. The Il-22PP
variant is believed to be the latest iteration of the Il-22 and made its public debut in 2017.
The Il-38 is a maritime patrol aircraft which was manufactured by Ilyushin in Russia. The air-
craft is based on the four turboprop engine powered Il-18 airframe. Development of Il-38 was
initiated in 1960 and the first aircraft was delivered in 1967. Versions of the platform continue
to be in operation with the Russian and Indian Naval Forces.
The Il-76 is a four-engine, strategic, multirole transport aircraft developed and manufac-
tured by Ilyushin in Russia. The Il-76 first flew in 1971, with first delivery to the Russian
Armed Forces in 1974. The Il-76 was originally developed to provide cargo to remote and
hard-to-access areas. Versions of the platform are used in both military and civil applica-
tions involving troop, equipment, and cargo transport, firefighting (with specialised ver-
sions being adapted to roles such as tanker), airborne early warning & control, and airborne
command post.
Ilyushin Il-76 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0767-JAWA
The Il-76 is a four-engine, strategic transport aircraft manufactured by Ilyushin in Russia. The
current production Il-76MD-90A is an improved production version over the original Il-76, with
Aviadvigtel PS-90A-76 turbofan engines, redesigned wings, strengthened landing gear and a
glass cockpit. The Il-76MD-90A first flew in 2012 and was delivered in 2015. A tanker version,
Il-78M-90A, is also produced based on the new production Il-76MD-90A airframe.
The Il-78 is a tanker/transport aircraft based on the four-engine Il-76MD airframe and is manu-
factured by Ilyushin in Russia. Development began during the 1970s with entry into service
in 1987. The Il-78 is used for aerial refueling and freight missions. The Il-78 is in service with a
number of countries worldwide, with new-build versions ordered.
Kamov Ka-226 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0796-JAWA
The Ka-226 is a twin-engine light utility rotorcraft designed and developed by Russian Heli-
copters and manufactured by the Kumertau Aviation Production Enterprise. The baseline
variant of this family is a development of the older Ka-26/126 and the Ka-226 features an
interchangeable mission pod and two Safran Arrius 2G1 turboshaft engines. Variants of the
helicopter are used in passenger and cargo transport, as well as medical, agricultural and law
enforcement applications. It can be equipped with light weapons. It carries the NATO report-
ing name ‘Hoodlum-C’.
Kamov Ka-27, Ka-28 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9122-JAU_
The Ka-27 and Ka-28 is a family of Naval helicopters developed and manufactured by Kamov
JSC (now Russian Helicopters) in Russia. Variants of the family provide submarine search
and track, anti-submarine warfare (ASW), and search-and-rescue (SAR) capabilities. The
development began in 1969 and first entry into service with the Soviet (now Russian) Armed
Forces was completed in 1982. The twin turboshaft engine helicopter features a distinctive
design with co-axial main rotors and a short tailboom with twin vertical fins.
Kamov Ka-29, Ka-31, and Ka-35 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A110-JAU_
The Ka-29 and Ka-31 is a family of the medium transport/close support and airborne early-
warning (AEW) helicopters. The design of the helicopter is derived from the Ka-27 (which see)
and features the contra-rotating coaxial main rotors and twin-tail configuration. Variants of
the helicopter is designed to be ship-borne and capable of day/night operations. The proto-
type of Ka-29 had its first flight in 1976 followed by entry into service with Russian Forces in
1985. Versions of Ka-29 and Ka-31 are primarily being operated by the armed forces of China,
India, and Russia.
Kamov Ka-52 Alligator https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0790-JAWA
The Kamov Ka-52 is an attack helicopter developed by Kamov (Russian Helicopters). Variants
of the Ka-52 have been developed for both land and ship-borne operations. The aircraft
features coaxial, contra-rotating three-blade rotors, twin-seats side-by-side, two Klimov
turboshaft engines and retractable tricycle type landing gear. Flattened nose for avionics
led to nickname (since adopted for marketing) ‘Alligator’. Ka-52 could be used to detect and
designate targets for a formation of other helicopters, this being referred to by Kamov as
‘combat management’. Ka-52s are in service with Russian and Egyptian armed forces.
Kazan/Mil Mi-17 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0800-JAWA
The Kazan Mi-17 is a medium twin-engine transport helicopter manufactured by Kazansky

Vertoletnyi Zavod OPAO. Kazanʼs Mi-17 development was intended to compete with latest
Western helicopters (such as Sikorsky S-92, NHI NH 90, EHI EH 101, and Eurocopter AS 332)
combining advanced avionics and systems with well-proven airframe and dynamic system.
The designation Mi-17 is given for export variants of the Mi-8MT helicopter with Russian
armed forces. It can also be utilised for various other missions such as search and rescue,
fire support and troops transport.
MiG (Mikoyan) MiG-21 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1036-JAU_
The MiG-21 is a supersonic fighter and interceptor aircraft developed and manufactured by
MiG (Inzhenirnyi Tsentr ‘OKB Imeni A I Mikoyana’) in 1950s. Over the period, multiple vari-
ants of the aircraft had been manufactured, upgraded and modified as per the operational
requirements of the customers. Over 50 nations have operated the MiG-21, and many still
use the type and it is estimated that in excess of 10,000 MiG-21s were manufactured.
The MiG-23 is a multirole fighter aircraft developed and manufactured by MiG (Inzhenirnyi
Tsentr ‘OKB Imeni A I Mikoyanaʼ). The development programme began in 1964 with an
intention to replace MiG-21s. The MiG-23, with MiG-27, superseded MiG-21 as primary equip-
ment in Soviet tactical air forces and APVO home defence interceptor force. The shoulder
mounted sweep-wing feature augments the operational capability of the aircraft during
combat missions.
The MiG-27 is high-speed low-level ground attack aircraft developed and manufactured by
MiG (Inzhenirnyi Tsentr ‘OKB Imeni A I Mikoyana’). The aircraft structure is based on the same
basic airframe of MiG-23 but with a revised nose. The aircraft was also licenced produce in
India by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited. Versions of the MiG-27 are in service with the armed
forces of Kazakhstan and Sri Lanka.
The MiG-31 is a supersonic multirole aircraft developed and manufactured by MiG (Inz-
henirnyi Tsentr ‘OKB Imeni A I Mikoyanaʼ). The aircraft was developed in late 1960s as a
long-range, extended-endurance PVO interceptor to replace the Tu-128 and MiG-25 and
to counter the threat of the United States Air Force (USAF) B-52 bombers carrying ALCMs.
Equipped with two low-bypass turbofan engines, the aircraft can carry out low-level super-
sonic flights, which MiG-25 lacked.
MiG-29 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9123-JAU_
The MiG-29 is a multirole fighter developed and manufactured by MiG (Inzhenirnyi Tsentr
‘OKB Imeni A I Mikoyanaʼ). The aircraft design programme was conceptualised in early 1970s
with an intention to replace MiG-21, MiG-23, Su-15, and Su-17. The aircraft has been under
modernisation since 1990s while incorporating performance upgrades; engines having eco-
nomical fuel consumptions, mission systems, improved avionics, air to surface armaments
and precision armaments for air superiority.
MiG-29 and MiG-35 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0824-JAWA
The MiG-29 is a multirole fighter developed and manufactured by MiG (Inzhenirnyi Tsentr
‘OKB Imeni A I Mikoyanaʼ). The aircraft design programme was conceptualised in early 1970s
with an intention to replace MiG-21, MiG-23, Su-15, and Su-17. The aircraft has been under
modernisation since 1990s while incorporating performance upgrades; engines having eco-
nomical fuel consumptions, mission systems, improved avionics, air to surface armaments
and precision armaments for air superiority.
MIL (PZL Swidnik) Mi-2 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A232-JAU_
The Mi-2 is a light multipurpose helicopter developed by the Mil design bureau in the Russian
Federation and manufactured by PZL Swidnik in Poland. The first flight of the three-bladed
twin-engine helicopter took place in 1961. The helicopter was designed to operate in both
civil and military domains. The platform has been adapted to suit various roles, includ-
ing passenger and cargo transportation, flight training, agriculture, medical evacuation,
military transport, close air support and armed reconnaissance, search and rescue, as well
as for naval operations. More than 5,500 helicopters in various versions were produced until
production ended at PZL Swidnik in 2005. Versions of the Mi-2 continue in service and have
been upgraded with modern avionics and higher-powered engines.
Mil Mi-14 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1051-JAU_
The Mil Mi-14 is a development of the Mi-8 helicopter generally for maritime operations.
Mi-14 retains a number of features in common with the Mi-8 but also adds additional anti-
submarine (ASW) capabilities. The Mi-14 has a new power plant, with a flotation bag carried
in a sponson, with floats under the tailboom. The first prototype flew in 1969 and a number
remain in service with countries worldwide.
Mil Mi-17, Mi-19, Mi-171, and Mi-172 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0840-JAWA
The Mil Mi-17 (Mi-8M), Mi-19, Mi-171, and Mi-172 are twin engine multipurpose helicopters
designed and manufactured by Moskovskiy Vertoletnyy Zavod imeni M L Milya OAO. The
maiden flight of the first variant of Mil family took off in 1961. These variants are primarily
used as transport, VIP transport and utility aircraft both in civil and military applications.
Other mission specific variants are used for roles such as electronic warfare, reconnais-
sance, medical, assault, and search and rescue.
Mil Mi-24, Mi-25, and Mi-35 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9126-JAU_
The Mi-24/25/35 is a family of attack and assault helicopters developed from 1966. Origi-
nally known as Mi-24; export version designated Mi-25. Mi-35 are modernised versions of the
Mi-24/25. First flight of the prototype occurred in 1969; production began in 1972. The Mi-24
family is powered by two turboshaft engines and all have stepped tandem seating for two
pilots. Accommodation for up to eight persons in varying layouts in the main cabin. A wide
range of variants have been produced and remain in service with a large number of countries.
Mil Mi-26 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0845-JAWA
The Mi-26 is a family of heavy lift helicopters developed by Mil (now Russian Helicopters) in
the Russian Federation. It was designed in the early 1970s and the first flight of a production-
ready Mi-26 was completed in 1980. The helicopter, which makes use of eight main rotor
blades can carry up to 20 tonnes of cargo inside the fuselage or using an external sling. The
Mi-26 variants are manufactured for both civil and military applications which include trans-
portation of troops and heavy equipment, medical evacuation, and firefighting.
Mil Mi-28 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0847-JAWA
The Mi-28 is an all-weather attack helicopter developed and manufactured by the Mosko-
vskiy Vertoletnyy Zavod imeni M L Milya OAO, Russian Federation. The design work which
began in early 1980 was discontinued due to preference of Kamov Ka-50 helicopter for
light combat helicopter role by Russian Army in 1994. The programme was reinitiated with
introduction of Mi-28N in 1995. The helicopter features armoured cockpits, windshield able
to withstand bullets of 7.62 mm calibre, array of modern avionics essential for modern air
warfare and armament for providing air support to ground forces and executing air-to-
ground attack missions.
Mil Mi-35 - NATO reporting name: Hind https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9125-JAU_
The Mi-35 is an attack helicopter and developed and manufactured by Moskovskiy Ver-
toletnyy Zavod imeni M L Milya OAO, Russian Federation. The Mi-35 designation refers to
the export production of the Mi-24 series of attack helicopters. The helicopter is primarily
designed for attack and transport roles but it can be modified to ground assault or medical
evacuation (MEDEVAC) role also. After the cessation of production in 1991, type was rein-
stated in production for domestic and foreign customers in 2005.
Mil Mi-8 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9125-JAU_
The Mi-8 is a medium-lift utility helicopter developed and manufactured by MIL (Moskovsky
Vertolyotny Zavod (MVZ) Imieni M L Milya (Moscow Helicopter Plant Named for M L Mil JSC)).
The development began in 1960 to replace piston-engined Mi-4. It is designed to carry a
maximum payload of 4000 kg. The helicopter is being utilised for civil and military applica-
tions worldwide. All versions can be converted for air ambulance duties, with accommoda-
tion for 12 stretchers and tip-up seat for medical attendant.
Mil Mi-8/17/171 – upgrades https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9225-JAU_
The Mi-8 and Mi-17 (NATO reporting name: ‘Hip’) are medium multirole helicopters powered
by twin turboshaft engines. The export version of Mi-8AMT is designated as Mi-171. The Mi-
series helicopters are being utilised all around the world by different forces and civil opera-
tors. Based on the multi-utility of the helicopter various upgrades have been carried out
over the period of time. The helicopters of Mi-series are available in roles of cargo transport,
utility, firefighter, gunships, and electronic warfare.
Sukhoi Su-17/Su-22 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1057-JAU_
The Su-17/Su-22 is a family of multirole fighter aircraft developed and manufactured by

Sukhoi in Russia. The Su-17 programme began as a further development to the Su-7 fighter
aircraft; design and development was carried out in the late 1960s and first flight of the
Su-17 prototype was in 1969. The Su-22 series designations were given to the various export
modifications of the Su-17 variants. The aircraft is used for various roles such as air combat,
air to surface and reconnaissance missions. Production of the aircraft family ended in 1990
with its latest modification, the Su-17M4/Su-22M4.
Sukhoi Su-24 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9127-JAU_
The Sukhoi Su-24 is a supersonic, all weather attack fighter featuring variable geometry
wings, twin afterburning engines and a crew of two. Subsequent variants have been devel-
oped for reconnaissance and electronic warfare. It was designed in the 1960s and remains in
service with Russia and several countries to which it was exported.
Sukhoi Su-25 and Su-28 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9296-JAU_
Sukhoi Su-25 is a twin engine, single seat attack aircraft, initially designed to provide close
air support to Russian (Soviet) ground forces. It has subsequently been developed into
several variants including two-seat trainer, target tow, anti-tank platform, and naval training
variant. It has been exported to 26 countries.
https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A212-JAU_
Sukhoi Su-27
The Sukhoi S-27 was designed as a long range, highly manoeuvrable, air superiority fighter
for service with the Russian (USSR) Air Force. It was intended to counter other fourth genera-
tion fighters in development, such as the American F-15 ‘Eagle’ and F-14 ‘Tomcat’. Proven
to be a flexible and adaptable air frame, variants have been developed to perform almost
all air warfare roles, including multirole fighter, naval defence and naval strike. It has been
exported widely and it was built on licence in China from 1998.
Sukhoi Su-30 (Su-27PU) https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0898-JAWA
The Su-30 is a family of multirole fighter aircraft developed and manufactured by Kompaniya
Sukhoi PAO (Sukhoi Company JSC). Designed for providing air superiority for mission of 10
hours or more with two in-flight refuellings; systems proved for extended duration sorties,
including group missions with four Su-27s. This early Su-30 version is no longer being devel-
oped or produced.
Sukhoi Su-30M https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0899-JAWA
The Su-30M is a twin-engine multirole fighter aircraft being produced by the Sukhoi Com-
pany JSC. The aircraft is a further development of the Su-27 fighter aircraft. The aircraft was
developed by Russian Sukhoi Design Bureau and built by KnAAPO in Komsomolsk-na-Amur.
The Su-30M designation was initially associated with the canard fitment. However, this now
appears to identify multirole aircraft with upgraded airframe capable of 38,800 kg (85,539 lb)
MTOW, irrespective of aerodynamic configuration.
Sukhoi Su-33 (Su-27K) https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9297-JAU_
The Su-33 is a Russian all weather, carrier-based air superiority fighter designed by AVPK
Sukhoi and manufactured by the Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association. It is
derived from the Su-27 and was initially known as the Su-27K. A two seat trainer variant was
later developed, known as Su-33UB.
Sukhoi Su-34 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0896-JAWA
The Su-34 is a supersonic two-seat long-range fighter-bomber, developed and manufac-

tured by Kompaniya Sukhoi PAO (Sukhoi Company JSC). It is derived from the Su-27 platform
and it is intended as tactical strike/attack replacement for Su-24 and Su-25 aircraft, currently
in service. The beginning of the development programme dates back to early 1980s. The
aircraft features open architecture on-board avionics. It has an all-weather strike capability
and it is equipped with wide range of guided and un-guided ordnance.
The Su-35 is a multirole fighter aircraft developed and manufactured by Kompaniya Sukhoi
PAO (Sukhoi Company JSC) in Russia. It is an advanced development of the Su-27 aircraft to
provide air superiority and counter comparable Western 4th generation combat aircraft. The
Su-35S production variant achieved full operational capability in 2018.
The Su-57 is a Russian multirole, single-seat stealth fighter aircraft. It is a fifth-generation

aircraft made primarily of titanium alloy and equipped with twin-engines having indepen-
dently-moving thrust vectoring nozzles. Development began as the PAK-FA in 1998 with first
flight occurring in 2010 and low-rate initial production (LRIP) in 2019.
Tupolev Tu-134 - NATO reporting https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1064-JAU_
name: Crusty
The Tupolev Tu-134 (NATO reporting name: Crusty) is a twin engine jet airliner developed
and manufactured by Tupolev. It was introduced in 1964. These variants are primarily used
as passenger aircraft and operational trainer.
Tupolev Tu-154 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9344-JAU_
The Tupolev Tu-154 is a three-engine medium range airliner manufactured by Tupolev.

Owing to its capability of operating even from unpaved and gravel airfields, it was widely
used in the extreme Arctic conditions of Russia’s northern/eastern regions. The aircraft was
utilised by Russian airlines (Aeroflot) on domestic routes for several decades. Apart from
its commercial use, different variants of the aircraft had been utilised by Air Forces of many
countries for different roles like; C4ISTAR, Logistics aircraft - transport and scientific.
Tupolev Tu-160 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWAB942-JAWA
Tu-160 is a multi-missioned strategic bomber operating at a supersonic speed, designed

and developed by Tupolev. Active fleet of Tu-160 has been undergoing upgrades; restart of
Tu-160 production initiated in April 2017.
Tupolev Tu-214 Special https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWAB252-JAWA
Mission Versions
Tu-214 is a twin-engined medium-range jet airliner designed by Tupolev. The special mission
versions are variants with various non-airliner roles which are modified from the originally
built passenger/cargo transport aircraft. Tu-214ON is the surveillance version ordered by
Russian government and it was first flown in 2011.
Tupolev Tu-22M https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9128-JAU_
The Tu-22M is a supersonic strategic and maritime strike bomber developed and manufac-
tured by Tupolev in Russia. The Tu-22M was developed to meet a Russian Air Force require-
ment for a variable geometry bomber from 1962 onwards and is based on the earlier Tu-22.
The Tu-22M is designed to carry stand-off missiles, cruise missiles or free-fall munitions,
depending upon the mission requirement and has been progressively upgraded through its
service life.
Tupolev Tu-95 and Tu-142 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9129-JAU_
The Tu-95 and Tu-142 are a family of strategic and maritime reconnaissance bomber aircraft
which was developed by Tupolev in Russian Federation. The Tu-95 had its first flight in 1952
and since then various versions of the aircraft have been built until production ended in
1994. The development originated with the Tu-95 airframe in late 1950s, based on this the
Tu-142 maritime version was subsequently developed in the 1960s. Versions are primar-
ily used as anti-submarine warfare aircraft, strategic bomber and can carry multiple air
launched cruise missiles (ACLMs). It features four turboprop engines with eight contrarotat-
ing propellers. Versions of Tu-95 and Tu-142 are in service with the Russian Armed Forces.
Yakovlev Yak-130 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0961-JAWA
The Yakovlev Yak-130 is a subsonic two-seat advanced jet trainer and light fighter designed
and developed by Opytno-Konstruktorskoye Byuro Imeni A S Yakovleva OAO (Experimental
Design Bureau JSC named for A S Yakovlev). Development of the aircraft began in 1991 and
it’s maiden flight was conducted in the year 1996. It was selected by the Russian Air Forces as
training and/or light attack variant.
ENICS Berta E08 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA762-JUAV
The ENICS Berta E08 (sometime referred to as Berta E08M) is an aerial target, manufactured

by JSC ENICS of Russian Federation. It is designed to simulate remote piloted vehicles (RPVs),
aerial-guided bombs and cruise missiles for testing weapon systems and training of the
personnel.
ENICS DSAS E25 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA879-JUAV
The dynamic simulation aerial target DSAS E25 is manufactured by ENICS. The DSAS
E25 aerial target was developed to imitate F-16 and Tornado fighter aircraft silhouettes,
angle, trajectory and speed on a scale 1:14 - 1:15. The E25 aerial target is deployed with
the Igla missile system.
ENICS E17M https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA966-JUAV
The E17M series are recoverable aerial targets manufactured by ENICS. Three versions are
publicised by the company: the E17MP, E17MV, and E17MT. The versions primarily differ in
their powerplant and airframe size.
OKB Simonov Dan https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAV0138-JUAV
Dan is a family of recoverable subsonic aerial target, developed and manufactured by OKB
Simonov. The UAV was displayed for the first time at the 1993 Moscow air show. A developed
version, Dan-M, superseded the original Dan in 2004. An ecological monitoring version,
Danem, was marketed from 2005 onwards. The aerial target has been in service with Russian
ground-based air defense forces from late 1993.
AEROKON Turman-AS GCS https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA878-JUAV
The AEROKON Turman-AS GCS is believed to be operated in combination with AEROKON

INSPECTOR family of UAVs, and with the recent addition in the aerial target domain, the
INSPECTOR 2020, the antenna tuner Turman-AS GCS is a manned-aircraft technology
adaptation to UAV control and navigation. The Turman-AS GCS was developed in-house by
AEROKON, which in the past used to fit its UAVs with a management system manufactured
by TeKnol, but gradually transitioned to an indigenously manufactured control system.
ZALA 421-16 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA339-JUAV
ZALA 421-16 is a reconnaissance and surveillance mini-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), man-
ufactured by the ZALA Aero Group. The UAV was announced in early 2009, with the upgraded
variant announced in 2012. The AV is suitable for a range of applications including remote
monitoring, and all-weather surveillance with an operating temperature range of -30°C to
+40°C. The ZALA Aero Group was continuing to publicise its ZALA 412-16 reconnaissance and
surveillance mini-UAV together with the type’s -16E2, -16E5, and -16EM configurations.
Unmanned Systems Supercam S-300M https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA869-JUAV
Supercam S-300M (Petrel) is a fixed-wing tactical surveillance mini unmanned aerial vehicle

(UAV), designed and manufactured by Unmanned Systems to provide a day/night, all-
weather video surveillance capability. Variety of payloads ranging from thermal imaging
camera, HD video camera, multispectral camera and laser target highlighting (optional) can
be installed.
9F6021E Versatile Training Target https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVB002-JUAV
System (VTTS)
The Adyutant 9F6021E Versatile Training Target System (VTTS) is a jet-powered subsonic
recoverable aerial target, manufactured by Almaz-Antey in Russia. The Adyutan 9F6021E
is designed for training missions involving short- and medium-range air-defence systems.
The Adyutant system contains four different target types: missile air target, fixed-wing jet
aircraft target, fixed-wing propeller aircraft target, and rotary-wing air target, which operate
together to simulate swarms of hostile platforms. The target was first revealed in 2018 and is
in development.
Yakovlev Pchela/Shmel https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAV1303-JUAV
Pchela is a short-range unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) manufactured by A. S. Yakovlev

Design Bureau. The Soviet Ministry of Radio Electronics sponsored the development of the
first Soviet mini‐UAV, codenamed Pchela (Bee) with the associated system name Story. The
Yakovlev OKB’s involvement in UAVs began only in 1982 in response to a Soviet Ministry of
Aircraft Production requirement for a small battlefield tactical system for surveillance and
electronic countermeasure (ECM) roles. The UAV is designed to provide surveillance data in
real-time, provide target indication, and fire control for artillery. It supports modular design
which permits for a wider field of applications. The current Pchela-1T is a part of a highly
mobile Unmanned Aerial System (UAS).
ZALA 421-08 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA243-JUAV
The ZALA 421-08 AV is a short-range reconnaissance and surveillance mini-unmanned aerial

vehicle (UAV) manufactured by Zavod A-Level Aerosystems (ZALA) Aero Group (part of
Kalashnikov Group since January 2015).The baseline version, ZALA 421-08, was revealed in
2007. The advanced version ZALA 421-08M mini-UAV was successfully tested at the MAKS-
2013 air show at the training camps of the Russian MVD air detachments and at the joint
Rosatom tactical and special exercises.
Aerokon Inspector 202O https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA877-JUAV
The AEROKON INSPECTOR 202O is a recoverable aerial target developed by AEROKON in

Russa for Man-Portable Air Defence Systems (MANPADS) training. The INSPECTOR 202O
completed flight trials in 2012 and entered testing during 2014.
Aero Robotics GS-100 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA915-JUAV
The GS-100 GCS is an ergonomic control station developed by Aero Robotics and integrated

into a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), from where it can be operated. The GCS controls up to
two UAVs simultaneously, and can accommodate up to two crew members. It is developed
by OOO Aero Robotics, Russia.
Aeronautics Aerolight, Aerosky, https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAV9257-JUAV
and Aerostar
The Aerostar TUAV series (Aerolight, Aerosky, and Aerostar) are close range unmanned
aerial vehicle (UAV) designed and manufactured by Aeronautics Defence Systems Ltd. The
Aerolight and Aerosky are small UAVs, with the Aerostar being a tactical UAV. The Aerostar
family was introduced in 2000 and is in service with a number of civil and military operators.
The primary mission role of the Aerostar family is reconnaissance, surveillance and over-the-
horizon patrols.
Aero Robotics MPU-10 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA914-JUAV
The Aero Robotics MPU-10 is a portable GCS (ground control station) used to control UAVs and
its payloads. It is developed and manufactured by OOO Aero Robotics, Russian Federation.
Kronshtadt Orion-E https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA865-JUAV
The Orion-E is a medium-altitude long-endurance (MALE) surveillance UAV developed

by Kronshtadt Technologies a Kronshtadt Group (a Sistema subsidiary). The UAV is fully
developed in Russia and built with domestic components. The AV was being promoted as an
intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) tool.
Roselectronics Korsar UAS https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVB031-JUAV
The Korsar is a medium-sized fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designed by the

Lutch R&D company of the Roselectronics holding (part of Rostec), Russia. The AV can per-
form ISR and strike missions in all-weather terrain.
Okhotnik https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVB014-JUAV
The Okhotnik (Hunter), (also known as the Okhotnik Udarno-Razvedivatelnyi Bespilotnyi

Kompleks [Unmanned Strike-Reconnaissance System]) or S70, is a large flying-wing type
UCAV being developed by Sukhoi. It is a developmental high-altitude, long endurance (HALE)
unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV). The AV is designed to be operated alongside a manned
aircraft as a force multiplier. The prototype indicate its internal bay to be compatible with
most, if not all next-generation missiles and munitions being developed for the SU-57,
including potential hypersonic cruise missiles.
YuVS AVIA Granad VA-1000 GCS https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA939-JUAV
YuVS Avia from Russia have developed a GCS (ground control station) for use in conjunction
with their Granad VA-1000 UAV. The GCS is a video and telemetry signal system with software
for the control of the UAV.
ENICS E95M https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAV0137-JUAV
The ENICS E95M is a pulse jet-powered, subsonic aerial target designed to test and evaluate
anti-aircraft weapons as well as train aerial gunnery crews. It was developed and manu-
factured for the Russian Armed Forces by ENICS in Russia. The E95M simulates a range of
potential targets and mimics the maneuvering characteristics of simulated threats such as
aerial bombs, cruise missiles, fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircraft.
Strela (Lavochkin) La-17 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAV9201-JUAV
The Lavochkin La-17 is a subsonic aerial target, manufactured by PO Strela in Russia. It is

a jet-powered target of all-metal construction and was developed as the first non-towed
target in the Soviet Union. The target was initially developed to be ram-jet powered. Five
distinct versions were produced.
Tupolev Tu-143 and Tu-243 Reis https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAV1302-JUAV
The Reis (flight) unmanned aerial reconnaissance system was developed by the Tupolev
design bureau in the late 1960s to replace the earlier TBR-1 (La-17R) tactical reconnaissance
UAV, a modified variant of the Lavochkin aerial target that had been in service since the early
1960s. The Tu-143 is used for photographic, television, or other surveillance in both military
and civil capacities. Capabilities include reconnaissance of troop and facilities deployments,
engineering works, or natural or ecological disasters; to reveal the areas and extent of forest
fires and gas or oil pipeline damage; and to define areas of radiation contamination.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - STT Orlan https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA817-JUAV
The Orlan is a family of fixed wing mini/small UAVs developed by Spetsialny Tekhnologich-

eski Tsentr (STT). The Orlan-10 is a family of mini UAVs. However, Orlan-30 and Orlan-50,
unveiled in 2016, are small UAVs. Orlan-10 has been in extensive combat service in East-
ern Ukraine and Syria since 2014. It was developed for missions ranging from aerial recon-
naissance, observation, monitoring, search and rescue, combat training, jamming, detec-
tion of radio signals, and target tracking.
SKAT Systems GCS https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA896-JUAV
The SKAT Systems GCS is designed to be operated with the SKAT family of UAVs, the SKAT
Systems GCS is a small portable GCS manufactured by the Russian company SKAT Systems.
The GCS can undertake pre-flight and afer-flight maintenance and subsequent analysis of
the information received from the UAV. The GCS can also work independently or it can be
linked to other control systems if needed. It can control up to 10 UAVs simultaneously, and it
can transfer control to other GCS within a radius of up to 90 km (56 miles).
Izhmash Tachyon https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVB083-JUAV
The Tachyon is a mini flying-wing design unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by
Izhmash Unmanned Systems in the Russian Federation. The UAV platform can be operated
in day or night conditions within combat or special operations. It is primarily used for aerial
surveillance and reconnaissance, target designation, artillery fire correction, signals relay,
and for aerial target purposes.
Geoscan Group Geoscan 101 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA871-JUAV
The Geoscan 101 is an electric motor powered UAV developed by Geoscan Group. It has been
specifically designed to undertake surveillance tasks in urban environments.
Unmanned Systems Photobot https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA866-JUAV
Unmanned Systems describes its Photobot AV as having been specifically designed for aerial
photography, with applications being listed as including emergency situation monitoring,
real-estate management, mapping, commercial photography, high-precision agricultural
surveillance, livestock control, land-use planning/monitoring, and forestry surveillance.
Again, the AV is billed as being deployable within 10 minutes; as requiring a 100 × 100 m (328
× 328 ft) take-off/landing area; and as being able to operate in windspeeds and temperatures
of 0.2 km/h (0.12 mph) and –30°C to +30°C (–22°F to +86°F) respectively in moderate rain or
snow. The UAV has automatic self-diagnosis of ground and on-board equipment.
Unmanned Systems Supercam https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA868-JUAV
Unmanned Systems characterises its Supercam AV (also designated as the S350) as being a

modular system that is designed for all-weather panaromic and planimetric aerial photog-
raphy and videography. Unmanned systems also revealed Supercam 250 that has smaller
dimensions for day and night monitoring with proximity alerts. The modular architecture
allows for alteration of payloads and equipment.
Unmanned Systems Pioneer https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA867-JUAV
Pioneer is a fixed-wing surveillance UAV developed by Unmanned Systems in Russian Fed-

eration. Unmanned Systems describes its Pioneer aerial vehicle (AV) as being an all-weather
surveillance UAV that can obtain, transmit, and record acquired data in real-time as well as
characterise a target’s size and precise location.
KumAPP Katran https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA977-JUAV
The Katran is a multi-role VTOL UAV developed by KumAPP (Kumertau Aviation Production
Enterprise). The company describes Katran as the type designed for fire-support and recon-
naissance missions.
ZALA 421-16E5 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVB047-JUAV
ZALA 421-16E5 is a reconnaissance and surveillance small UAV, manufactured by the ZALA
Aero Group. The AV is suitable for a long range, long endurance of applications including
remote monitoring, and all-weather surveillance. ZALA also developed ZALA 421-16E5 IC
engine version. As of 2020, the ZALA Aero Group was continuing to publicise its ZALA 412-16
reconnaissance and surveillance mini-UAV together with the type’s -16E, -16E2, -16E5, and
-16EM configurations.
IAI Searcher https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAV1299-JUAV
The Searcher is a family of long-endurance, multi-role unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)

designed and manufactured by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI). The first produc-
tion Searcher AV had been rolled-out during November 1991. It is used for surveillance,
reconnaissance, target acquisition, artillery adjustment, and damage assessment.
RT LTA Systems Skystar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA685-JUAV
The RT LTA Systems Skystar is a family of surveillance aerostats as being suitable for a wide
variety of applications including unmanned ISR and targeting, border/coastal security, cri-
sis/emergency management, law enforcement, SAR, communications relay, police support,
environmental surveillance, media support, and base/facility protection. They are devel-
oped and produced by RT LTA Systems Ltd and Aeronautics Ltd.
Blik-M https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA874-JUAV
The Blik-M is a jet-propelled recoverable aerial target developed by Aerotechnica Ltd. It was
developed to be operated as a high-speed target for multiple gun- and air-defence missiles.
The AV is fitted with an aerial target imitator that can simulate airborne threats with a radar
cross section between 0.1 m2 and 100 m2.
CDET RAM https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVB058-JUAV
The RAM combat unmanned aerial system also termed loitering weapon system is designed
by CDET LLC. It is developed for both attack and reconnaissance missions. It can be
equipped with three modular variable weight (2 to 4 kg) warheads. RAM can engage moving
targets, has a maximum range of 30 km, can be employed in urban environments, and has a
circular error probable of no greater than 1 m.
SPE ‘Athlon Avia’ A1-S Furia https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA889-JUAV
The A1-S Furia is a fixed-wing mini-UAV developed by the Scientific and Production Enter-
prise (SPE). It was developed for day/night reconnaissance and artillery fire correction
applications. Development of the A1-S began in 2014 and the system has been used by the
Ukrainian Armed Forces. The A1-S is marketed by the Ukrainian firm Ukrinmash.
SKDB ‘Luch’ Sokil-2 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA880-JUAV
The Sokil-2 is a container-launched mini-UAV. It is designed for reconnaissance missions

with camera and video payloads. The Sokil-2 is designed to be mounted on combat vehicles
and launched from a bespoke container. The Sokil-2 is also intended to be used a part of the
vehicle reconnaissance system in unison with systems onboard the launch vehicle.
SIS A-12 Uragan https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA298-JUAV
The A-12 Uragan is a VTOL (vertical take-off and landing) UAV designed for reconnaissance
operations in challenging areas such as woodland or mountainous terrain.
OJSC ‘Meridian’ Spectator https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA881-JUAV
The Spectator is a mini-UAV designed for surveillance and reconnaissance missions. It is also
designed to have low visual signature and high aerodynamic properties.
SIS A-4 Albatros https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA017-JUAV
The A-4 Albatros is a mini-UAV designed for tactical surveillance and reconnaissance mis-
sions. The first flight of the baseline A-4 occurred in June 2000. Two further versions have
been produced: A catapult-launched A-4K version and A-4B hot and high version.
SIS A-3 Remez https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAV9242-JUAV
The A-3 Remez is a multirole mini-UAV designed for reconnaissance, surveillance and patrol
missions. It was first developed in 1997 and was debuted at the 2000 Eurosatory exhibition.
Remez-3T and Remez-3U variants have also been produced.
SIS A-11 Swift https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA300-JUAV
The A-11 is a recoverable aerial target being developed by the Scientific and Industrial Sys-
tems Ltd in Ukraine. Developed as a gunnery and missile target for use with land-based air
defence weapons.
UKRSPEC PD-1 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA860-JUAV
The PD-1 is a small UAV designed by UKRSPEC in Ukraine. It had two main versions; a fixed-
wing conventional UAS and a VTOL (vertical take-off and landing) version. The PD-1 was
launched at the 2016 AVIASVIT-XXI trade show. The fixed-wing PD-1 was designed to perform
surveillance and aerial photography in all weather conditions. The vertical take-off and land-
ing (VTOL) version was launched in 2018.
UKRSPEC PC-1 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA859-JUAV
The UKRSPEC PC-1 is a mini-UAV designed for surveillance and reconnaissance missions. The
PC-1 is also configured for VTOL (vertical take-off and landing). The PC-1 is believed to have
been in production since 2014.
Matrix UAV Comandor https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA890-JUAV
The Comandor is a multi-rotor vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) unmanned aerial system
(UAS) developed by Matrix UAV in the Ukraine. The aerial vehicle (AV) was launched in 2016
and completed its first flight the same year. The AV is developed to be used in civilian as well
as military environment. It can be used for cargo delivery, weapons despatch, surveillance
and monitoring purposes, and fire suppression. The production configuration of the AV has a
powerplant configuration of 12 electric motors and 2 piston engines to generate.
Matrix UAV Katana https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA891-JUAV
The Katana is a fixed-wing surveillance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by Matrix
UAV in Ukraine. The UAV, which features a flying wing design with a single pusher-type pro-
peller is developed for surveillance applications in military as well as in civil environment.
Matrix UAV Oko https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA892-JUAV
The Katana is a fixed-wing surveillance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by Matrix
UAV in Ukraine. The UAV, which features a flying wing design with a single pusher-type pro-
peller is developed for surveillance applications in military as well as in civil environment.
ITEC Skif https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA888-JUAV
The Skif is a fixed-wing surveillance unmanned aerial system (UAS) developed by ITEC in
Ukraine. The aerial vehicle (AV) has a flying wing design and is primarily developed for agri-
cultural monitoring and mapping purposes.
ITEC Patriot R2 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA887-JUAV
The Patriot R2 is a fixed-wing mini surveillance unmanned aerial system (UAS) developed by
ITEC in Ukraine. The aerial vehicle (AV) has a flying wing design and can be used for civilian
and military applications such as intelligence gathering, artillery fire correction, border
patrol, wildfire monitoring and infrastructure surveillance. The Patriot R2 is a further devel-
opment to ITEC’s initial Patriot RV010 UAS which was introduced in 2014.
KPI APUS 1505A series https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA893-JUAV
The APUS 1505A series is a family of fixed-wing surveillance unmanned aerial systems (UAS)
developed by Kyiv Polytechnic Institute in Ukraine. The two aerial vehicle (AV) designations
marketed are the 1505A01 and 1505A04. The surveillance and reconnaissance AVs can be
used in the civil sector primarily differ in their applications.
UA Technology UA-Beta https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA883-JUAV
The UA-Beta is a micro-UAV designed for reconnaissance and surveillance missions in chal-
lenging environmental conditions. It was developed and is manufactured by UA Technology
in Ukraine.
UA Technology UA-Gamma https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA884-JUAV
The UA-Gamma is a fixed-wing UAV designed for surveillance and remote-sensing applica-
tions. The Gamma is also designed to work in challenging climactic conditions. The Gamma
is manufactured by UA Technology and marketed by Ukrinmash.
UA Technology UA-Poly https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA884-JUAV
The UA-Gamma is a fixed-wing UAV designed for surveillance and remote-sensing applica-
tions. The Gamma is also designed to work in challenging climactic conditions. The Gamma
is manufactured by UA Technology and marketed by Ukrinmash.
DeViRo Leleka-100 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA882-JUAV
The Leleka-100 (Stork-100) is a fixed-wing surveillance UAV that is autonomous, distance

controlled, and is suitable for aerial reconnaissance, patrol, and mapping applications, and
which offers real-time imagery hand-off.
AICS Raybird 3 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA894-JUAV
The Raybird-3 is a fixed-wing mini UAV manufactured by Aircraft Industrial Company ‘Sky-
eton’, in Ukraine. The AV can support long range endurance missions and has an ability to
survey vast areas. The ACS-3 is the military version of Raybird-3 that was developed and
produced for the Ukrainian Air Forces under the Government Defense Procurement contract.
C4ISR
Electronic warfare
RQ-4D Phoenix Block 40 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAV1320-JUAV
RQ-4D Phoenix is the modified version of US Air Force’s (USAF) RQ-4 Block-40 Global Hawk.
It is a high-altitude, long-endurance unmanned aerial reconnaissance system which is devel-
oped for wide area intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance missions over both land
and sea operations.
RC-135V https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1746-JAU_
The RC-135V Rivet Joint is an advance version fitted with a sensor suite for tracking and
identifying geo-locate signals within the electromagnetic spectrum. The platform integrates
55000 ELINT package which includes a manually operated CS-2010 subsystem which is
primarily a direction finder and an ES 400 Automatic ELS system(AELS). The 85000 package
provides the aircraft’s COMINT capability and was built around the ES182 Multiple Communi-
cations Emitter Location System (MUCELS). The AELS can detects signals as far as 480 Km and
covers 100 mHz to 18 gHz frequency range. The system is connected to the network centric
collaborative targeting system and satellite based remote extended aircraft position system,
which enables collaborative connected missions involving various different platforms.
Airborne Reconnaissance and https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IA0573-JC4IA
Targeting Multi-Mission Intelligence

System (ARTEMIS)
On November 2021 ARTEMIS aircraft was recently pulled out of the Project Convergence
experiments in Yuma Proving Grounds, Arizona, to help US European Command monitor Rus-
sian troop movements near the Ukraine border. ARTEMIS is a multi-domain, mulit-mission US
Army demonstrator programme that is based on high speed Bombardier Challenger 650 busi-
ness jet platform. Two Challenger 650s, N488CR c/n 6140 (LASAI AVIATION LLC, VA) and N9191
c/n 5312 (TENAX AEROSPACE LLC, MS) were modified to equip the platform with mission
systems to provide deep-sensing intelligence collection capabilites, generation of electronic
order of battle, and patterns of troop movements for target development. HADES mission
suite will combine electronic and communication intelligence receivers as well as ground-
scanning radar to detect and pinpoint enemy emissions and targets, from stand-off distance.
Tu-214 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWAB252-JAWA
Russia mainly relies on multisensor variants based on its IL-20M and Tu-214R for its signal
intelligence missions. Tu-214R is a multisensor platform uses the MRC-411 Fraktsiya multi-
mission payload system onboard Tu-214R to intercept the signals of enemy Radars, com-
munications systems and even cell phones to generate a real-time electronic map of the bat-
tlefield. It also includes imagery intelligence capabilities through TPC Linkos Electro-Optical
(EO) imaging system.
Leer-2/Leer-3 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL1080-JC4IL
Leer-2 is an electronic warfare reconnaissance and jamming system, intended primarily for monitoring and
jamming GSM networks within a 15–20 km radius. It is mounted on a GAZ Tigr 4×4 vehicle and is designed to
operate close to the front lines. It is also used to monitor enemy radio communications and block them if
necessary. The Leer-3 RB-341V is an EW reconnaissance and jamming complex, which consists of a Kamaz-
5350 truck-mounted command module and up to two/three Orlan-10 UAVs fitted with specialised sensory and
jamming equipment. The mission suite in orlan-10 acts as a base station of GSM-900/1800, 4G and 4G cellular
networks and has the capability to send text and audio messages. There were reports of intimidating mes-
sages sent to Ukrainian soldiers. LEER-3 system with Orlan-10 Unmanned Air System was used to snoop in the
GSM network and broadcast psychological messages.
Borisoglebsk-2 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0693-JC4IL
The Borisoglebsk-2 is designed for detect, identify and the suppress HF/VHF/UHF frequen-
cies of ground and airborne radio communication, satellite communication, and radio navi-
gation systems and subscriber cellular and trunk communication lines operating in tactical
C2 elements. It can track and jam both fixed-frequency and frequency-hopping signals.
R-330ZH Zhitel https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL1058-JC4IL
Mounted on Ural-43203 or KAMAZ-43114 6×6 truck chassis, R-330ZH is designed to interfere

with the INMARSAT, IRIDIUM satellite communication system, NAVSTAR (GPS) radio naviga-
tion system, and cellular communication system (GSM-1800). It has the capability to detect,
direction-find, and analyse radio emitters’ signals in the 100–2,000 MHz frequency range.
Krasukha-4 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0650-JC4IL
The Krasuha-4 is a broadband multifunctional jamming system designed to neutralise low

earth orbit (LEO) spy satellites such as the US Lacrosse/Onyx series, satellites, ground-based
radars, airborne surveillance radars, and radar-guided ordinance at ranges between 150–
300 km. The complex functioning is based on creating powerful jamming at the fundamental
radar frequencies and other radio-emitting sources.
C4ISR
C2
Wearable weapons terminal (NTSP) https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL1188-JC4IL
83t289-1.11
A wearable weapons terminal for anti-tank artillery commanders. Employed by the
Russian Army.
MP-K on the 9C931-1 C2 vehicle https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL1189-JC4IL
A mobile truck-mounted anti-aircraft C3 centre.
Aero Robotics GS-100 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JUAVA915-JUAV
The GS-100 GCS is an ergonomic control station developed by Aero Robotics and integrated

into a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), from where it can be operated. The GCS controls up to
two UAVs simultaneously, and can accommodate up to two crew members. It is developed
by OOO Aero Robotics, Russia.
1V172-2 Artillery Command https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0247-JC4IL
and Surveillance System

The IV172-2 is a platform-agnostic artillery fire control system that can be used in artillery
units equipped with SP and towed artillery, ATGW, or mortars. In use by Russian Army.
MTK-201ME https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IM0082-JC4IM
The MTK-201ME is an EO/IR fire-control director designed for surveillance of air and surface. It is suitable for
all types of defence in self-defence zones, ship’s navigational safety, and weapons control. In service with the
Russian Navy.
83t888-1.7 mortar fire-control system https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0245-JC4IL
The 83t888-1.7 mortar fire-control system supports mortar batteries equipped with PM-120, BM-37, 2B9, 2B11,
2B14, 2B16, 2B23, 2B24, 2B25, and 2S12 mortars and is designed to introduce a high degree of automation
to the fire-control chain as well as enhance communications; it incorporates subsystems from the forward
observer level up through mortar crew commander and ultimately to the senior officer and commander of the
mortar battery.
Automated MANPAD C2 system https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0244-JC4IL
The automated MANPAD C2 system provides command and control (C2) for up to nine firing
units of shoulder-launched AD weapons. In service with the Russian Army.
P-230T https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL1177-JC4IL
The P-230T is a modified Tiger-M armoured vehicle. It facilities telecommunications through

secure telephony, video conferencing, and electronic communications that can liaise with
higher command elements. Its integrated satellite communications component can field
a data transfer rate of up to 10 Mbit/s, and its HF radio has an operating range of 50 km
(with a maximum of 300 subscribers travelling up to 60 km/h). The modified Tiger-M has an
increased noise immunity and includes extra power supplies and life support systems.
ASUZ TZ Command System https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0966-JC4IL
The automated command and control system for the TZ is designed for automated and
non-automated control of combined-arms and support military units at the tactical level. In
service with Russian Army and Navy.
9C931 tracked C3 vehicle series https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL1190-JC4IL
A series of tracked C2 vehicles designed for anti-aircraft operations.
DA42 and DA62 special https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JEMAA398-JC4IA
mission variants
The baseline Diamond Aircraft DA42 and DA62 low-wing, twin-engine airframes has been
modified and served as a baseline for various special-mission applications.
Tupolev Tu-214 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JEMAA320-JC4IA
The twin engine PS-90A powered Tu-214 platform has been modified by Russia to serve its

strategic command post and communication relay duties. Note this platform is also covered
under EW.
II-86VKP https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAEM0239-JC4IA
Given the NATO reporting name Maxdome, the Il-86VKP (Vozdushnyy Komahndnyi Punkt –

Airborne Command Post) is Russian Federation’s equivalent of the American E-4B National
Airborne Operations Centre.
Ka-31 AEW https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAEM0206-JC4IA
Ka-31 is equipped with an L-band Joint Stock Company Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of
Radio Engineering (NNIIRT) E-801 (E-801E in export configuration) Oko (Eye) surveillance radar
and flown by a crew of two (pilot and a navigator/systems operator).It makes use of a 200 kg,
ventrally mounted, passive phased-array antenna that folds through 90° to lie flat along the
helicopter’s centreline for take-off, landing and cruise flight. When the antenna is deployed,
the Ka-31’s landing gear is retracted to allow it to rotate through the full 360° arc in azimuth
while in an emergency, the entire assembly can be manually or explosively jettisoned. To
accommodate installation of the described antenna, the Ka-31 has a minimum undercarriage
track of 2.41 m and is fitted with 620 × 180 mm main and 480 × 200 mm nose wheels in order
to cope with the type’s increased (when compared with the Ka-29) take-off weight.
Multisensor Surveillance Systems – https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAEM0038-JC4IA
MiG-25R variants
Derived from the MiG-25 high-altitude supersonic intercept, the Otkrytoe Aktsionernoe
Obshestvo Rossiyskaya Samoletostroitel’naya Korporatsiya ‘MiG’ (RSK ‘MiG’ - Russian Aircraft
Building Corporation ‘MiG’ Federal Public Joint Stock Company) MiG-25R aircraft is a single-
seat reconnaissance and strike aircraft that has been configured to carry various sensors.
Ranzhir https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JLAD0262-JC4IL
A mobile battery C2 platform for a number of air defence weapons. In service with the
Russian forces and has been sold to many other countries as part of AD systems.
PU-12M7 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0241-JC4IL
The PU-12M7 is an automated command post for the C2 of short range AD weapons. The
PU-12M7 can control a tactical area out to a radius of 100 km, handling up to 120 aerial
tracks. The operator can track up to nine targets simultaneously. The command post can
accept target data from external surveillance radars, other fire-control systems, and radar-
equipped air-defence weapons. Communications with assets up to 15 km away can be
achieved by wire, with radio being used for ranges out to 40 km. Sectors can be assigned to
the weapon system being controlled, blind arcs or other fire restrictions defined, and targets
distributed between the available weapons.
C4ISR
Military communications
R-163-50K transceiver https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_5385-JC4IL
The R-163-50K HF transceiver provides simplex and two-frequency simplex telephone and
telegraph radio communication between fixed or mobile wheeled or tracked units, including
armoured vehicles. It can be remotely controlled at up to 10 m, and the associated antenna
matching device can be used remotely at up to 5 m. In use by both Russia and Ukraine.
R-134 HF transceiver https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_5381-JC4IL
R-134 is a HF transceiver for communication between fixed or mobile-wheeled or

tracked units.
R-173M VHF tank transceiver https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_0136-JC4IL
R-173M is a VHF tank radio providing transmission and reception of digital information in
pulse mode. In service with both Russian and Ukrainian Armies.
R-171M UHF radio set https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_0135-JC4IL
The R-171M is a tactical UHF radio meant for installation on board armored vehicles. In ser-
vice with the Russian Army.
Berkut-M HF transceiver https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_0135-JC4IL
Berkut-M is a Russian high frequency tactical radio equipment operating in 1.5-29.999 MHz
frequency range.
R-168 5UNE-2 Radio https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0990-JC4IL
The R-168-5UNE-2 is a Russian VHF frequency-hopping (FH) multichannel manpack radio

designed for tactical applications in regiment, battalion, and company networks.
R-625 (Fir) Radio Station https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IM0321-JC4IM
R-625 (Fir) is a radio station operating on VHF frequency band and can be installed on surface
ships, submarines, and coastal communication centres. It is used by Russian border guards.
Svet-KU https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL1094-JC4IL
Svet-KU is based on a KamAZ 6 × 6 chassis that is intended to automatically monitor

and track radio communications from various sources. In use by Russian Army including
airborne forces.
R-187-P1E Azart Radio https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL1001-JC4IL
The R-187-P1E Azart is a multimode tactical team radio with programmable security architecture and provides
voice and data communication in VHF/UHF frequency range. In service with Russian Army.
R-163-50U Radio set and R-163-UP https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_4415-JC4IL
Receiver
The R-163-50U is a VHF tactical radio designed to provide secure communication over two
independent simultaneously operating channels. In service with Russia.
R-168-100UE-2 radio https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0986-JC4IL
The R-168-100UE-2 is a VHF radio for tactical command, control, and communication appli-
cations in regiment, battalion, and company networks. In service with Russia.
R-168-0.1UE handheld radio https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_5024-JC4IL
The R-168-0.1UE VHF handheld radio is designed to provide clear and secure communication

at a squad/platoon tactical command level.
R-168-5UN(1)E VHF Radio https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_5092-JC4IL
The R-168-5UN(1)E VHF radio is designed to provide clear and secure radio communications

at the company-battalion tactical command level.
R-168-25UE-2 VHF Radio Series https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0987-JC4IL
The R-168-25UE-2 is a VHF radio series for tactical command, control, and communication
applications in Regiment, Battalion and Company networks. In service with the Russian Army.
Apparatura Vnutrennoy Svyazi, https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0985-JC4IL
Komutatsii i Upravlenia –
Eksportnaya AVSKU-E
Inside vehicles, the hardware and software system enables communication among crew
members, either broadcast to all stations or selectively to individual stations, along with the
ability for users to hear their own voice traffic. It also supports switching of voice and data
received externally from radios or satellite connections.
R-168-5KNE Radio https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_5089-JC4IL
R-168-0.5U(D)E monoblock VHF handheld radio is designed for clear and secure communica-
tions in tactical command level networks. In service with the Russian Army.
R-168MRDE multi-channel radio https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0875-JC4IL
The R-168MRDE is a portable multi-channel UHF radio system designed to provide radio
communication in high speed radio networks and batch communications for tactical com-
mand link. In service with the Russian Army.
AT-E air information exchange terminal https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IA0207-JC4IA
The AT-E is an information exchange terminal supporting tactical communication, naviga-

tion, identification, and information management on board aircraft. In service with the
Russian Air Force.
Strelets individual soldier C2 system https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0716-JC4IL
The Strelets (Shooter) command, control, communications (C3), and navigation system is
part of the Ratnik (Warrior) soldier system.
NKVS-27 communication system https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IA0203-JC4IA
The NKVS-27 is a ground-based aerial communication system designed to facilitate net-

works, communication, and data-exchange channels with tactical aircrafts. In service with
the Russian Air Force.
R-168-0.5MKME portable radio https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0988-JC4IL
The R-168-0.5MKME is a portable multi-channel VHF radio system designed to provide non-
secure and secure tactical radio communication.
R-168-5KVE radio https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0874-JC4IL
The R-168-5KVE is a vehicular HF radio designed to provide non-secure and secure (by the
voice data masking device or using external CAC (for versions 2 and 3)) tactical radio com-
munication between mobile and stationary platforms.
RATNIK Radios https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_5026-JC4IL
R-168-0.1U(M)E, R-168-0.1U(M)1E (RATNIK) are VHF handheld tactical radios designed for

communication between platoon, squad, and soldier level.
Arbalet (Crossbow) System https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JMC_4546-JC4IL
The Arbalet (Crossbow) system is made up of a series of portable and transportable HF and

VHF radio sets.
P-260T ‘Redut-2US’ communication https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL1335-JC4IL
complex
The P-260T ‘Redut-2US’ with the R-431AM antenna module is a long-range army-level com-
munications system that includes five radio stations equipped with a life support system.
R-168-100KBE/KAE radio set https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL1323-JC4IL
The R-168-100 is a vehicle-portable HF radio set providing automated open communica-

tion protected by means of data masking. The radio can send and receive encrypted signals
using external encryption solutions between mobile and stationary units at the tactical
command level. In service with the Russian Army on the T-90SK platform.
C4ISR
EOIR
Sura-series Helmet-Mounted Target https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAV_2766-JC4IA
Designation System
The Sura Helmet-Mounted Target Designation System (HMTDS) generates target designation signals for weap-
ons in proportion to the angles of turn of an operator’s (pilot’s) head, as well as collimating the image of an
aiming mark and initiating one-time commands to his field-of-view (FoV). Manufactured in Ukraine.
1P22 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0023-JC4IL
The 1P22 sighting system combines a semi-automated panoramic sight for indirect fire and a telescope sight
for direct fire. In servive with Ukraine and Russia.
PM-LKT https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/447162-JC4IA
The PM-LKT is a multi-sensor turret is developed to provide surveillance, detection and

identification of armored vehicles as well as to provide targeting laser target designation. In
service with Ukraine.
PNK-4SR Agat-R sighting and https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAAU9396-JC4IL
observation system
The PNK-4SR Agat-R is a modernised version of the PNK-4S Agat commander’s sight used by
the tank commander to detect, identify, observe, and engage targets. In service with both
Ukraine and Russia.
1A43U ‘Ros’ tank sighting system https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAAU9397-JC4IL
The 1A43U ‘Ros’ tank sighting system is an improved model of the Soviet-era 1A43, which
was installed on the T-80A. It combines a day sight with a laser rangefinder and ballistics
computer. The system provides target engagement for tank guns and missile systems. In
service with Ukraine.
PNK-6 panoramic sighting system https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0444-JC4IL
The PNK-6 is a panoramic sighting system for MBTs that allows the tank commander to detect, identify,
observe, and engage targets with platform weapon systems. In service with Ukraine
KDT-2U laser rangefinder https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAAUA138-JC4IL
The KDT-2DU is a laser rangefinder designed for target range measurement and range data
delivery to the display unit and ballistic computer. In service with Ukraine
PT2 Thermal Monocular https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0213-JC4IL
The PT2 thermal monocular is an uncooled micro-bolometer operating in the long-wave

infrared (LWIR) spectrum, with three variations available. In service with the GRU.
GEO-NV-III-ONV night-vision goggle https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JEOS8076-JC4IA
The GEO-NV-III-ONV night-vision goggles (NVGs) are a night-time sighting system believed to
be in wide use with Russian military helicopter aircrew.
OLS-UE/-UEM https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAV_B112-JC4IA
The Optiko-Lokatsionnaya-Stantsiya (Optical Locator Station: OLS)-UE/-UEM, developed for

the latest variants of the MiG-29 (MiG-35), provides capability for search, detection, tracking,
and ranging of airborne and ground targets. In service with Russia.
OLS-K https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAV_B113-JC4IA
The Optiko-Lokatsionnaya-Stantsiya (Optical Locator Station – OLS) opto-electronic sight-

ing system provides for search, detection, tracking, and ranging of airborne and ground
targets. In service with Russia.
I-25I https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JEOS8073-JC4IA
The I-25I Shkval sighting system is designed to detect, track, and identify fixed and moving ground targets and
slow airborne targets. Out of production but assessed to still be in use with Russian Air Force.
GEO-NV-III-TV day/night https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAV_0795-JC4IA
tracking system
The GEO-NV-III-TV image-intensified, solid-state, charge-coupled device (CCD) camera is a
versatile day/night tracking system.
Sapsan/Sapsan E targeting pod https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JEOSA027-JC4IA
The Sapsan (Russian for peregrine) is a targeting pod originally designed to be fitted to

the MiG-29 and Su-27/30 series of fighters. In service with Russia.
Prichal laser rangefinder/designator https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JEOS1107-JC4IA
The Prichal is a laser rangefinder/designator. It is a subsystem of the I-25I Shkval targeting

system (see separate enrtry). In service with both Russia and Ukraine.
1PN113 Night sight https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0065-JC4IL
The 1PN113 (Russian: 1ПН113) is an image-intensified night sight designed to be mounted on

various small arms and rifles. In service with the Russian Army.
1PN111 Night sight https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0064-JC4IL
The 1PN111 is an image-intensified weapon sight. The device is design for detecting, recog-
nising, and monitoring targets in night conditions. In service with the Russian Army.
1PN92-2 long-range night https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0033-JC4IL
reconnaissance device
The 1PN92-2 is a long-range reconnaissance device that is designed to be used as a night time observation
device for area and perimeter defence. In service with the Russian Army.
1PN50/Baigysh-6U https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JEOS0737-JC4IL
The 1PN50 night vision monocular is a handheld night vision viewing system. In service with the Russian Army.
Klyon (Klen) laser illumination and https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JEOS1106-JC4IA
ranging station
The Klyon laser rangefinding and designator provides measurement of range and can be
used in different fighter aircraft. In service with both Russia and Ukraine.
OLS-13SM-1 optical locator station https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JEOSA260-JC4IA
The OLS-13SM-1 (Optiko-Lokatsionnaya-Stantsiya or Optical Locator Station) is a further development of

the OLS-13S/SM EO locator systems (see separate entry), intended for the latest generation of ‘Fulcrum’ -
the MiG-35.
TO1-KO4DT https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0550-JC4IL
The TO1-KO4DT hybrid command targeting and surveillance system is designed to equip the T-90S MBTs in
Russian service.
PN-14K night-vision device https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0051-JC4IL
The PN-14K is one of a series of night-vision devices produced at the Novosibirsk Instrument-
Making Plant in Russia.
1PN97M Maugli-2M thermal sight https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0404-JC4IL
The 1PN97M Maugli-2M (Mowgli-2M) is a thermal imaging sight for the shoulder-
launched 9K38 Igla (SA-18 ‘Grouseʼ) and 9K338 Igla-S (SA-24 ‘Grinchʼ) MANPADS, as well as
the Dzhigit twin-launcher and Strelets double-quad AFV-mounted system, which use the
same missile. In service with the Russian Army.
OEPS-29/27 optical-electronic https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JEOS1080-JC4IA
pointing sights
OEPS-29 and OPES-27 are infrared search-and-track (IRST) systems developed for early
models of the MiG-29 ‘Fulcrum’ and the SU-27 ‘Flanker’ fighters, respectively. In service with
both Russia and Ukraine.
IRBIS-K thermal imaging system https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0549-JC4IL
The IRBIS-K is a vehicle-mounted target acquisition system. It is designed for day and night sighting of the main
battle tank.
1P76 Rakurs (P01x20) collimator sight https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0025-JC4IL
The 1P76 (in Russian: 1П76) or PO1×20 ‘Rakurs’ (in Russian: ПО1×20 ‘Ракурс’) is a collimator sight designed for
quick aiming and firing with small arms. The 1P76 is the military name and the civil version is named Rakurs.
ZLN-1K laser aiming device https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0019-JC4IL
The night vision laser aiming device ZLN-1K can be fitted with the PN-14K night-vision goggles. It is designed for
aiming a gun and for operation as an illuminator at night time.
Palma Automatic Optronic Control https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0145-JC4IL
System (AOCS)
The Palma Automatic Optronic Control System (AOCS) is an electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR)
fire-control system applied to land and naval guns of 30, 57, 76, and 100 mm calibre.
PLISA thermal imaging sight https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAAU9379-JC4IL
The PLISA is a thermal imaging sight designed for use on a variety of MBTs. In service
with Russia.
OEPS-301 (31E-MK) optical- https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IA0000-JC4IA
electronic pointing sight

The OEPS-30I (31E-MK) is an optical-electronic pointing sight (OEPS) system, which is
equipped with an infrared (IR) detector and laser rangefinder in order to perform the infra-
red search and track (IRST) functions of search, detection, and tracking of targets.
C4ISR
Radar
SNR-125 tracking and missile https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0207-JC4IL
control radar series

SNR-125 forms part of the Almaz S-125 Pechora (NATO reporting name SA-3 ‘Goa’) surface-to-air missile (SAM)
system and is designed to guide missiles against low-flying targets operating in heavy clutter conditions. In
use by both Russia and Ukraine.
5N63 tracking radars https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0194-JC4IL
The 5N63 and 30N6 are X-band (NATO I-/J-band) (8–12 GHz) and Ku-band (NATO J-band) (12–
18 GHz) 3D tracking and missile guidance passive electronically scanned array (PESA) radars
for the Almaz S-300P (NATO Reporting Name SA-10a ‘Grumble’), S-300PM (NATO Reporting
Name SA-10b ‘Grumble’) and S-300PMU1 (NATO Reporting Name SA-10c ‘Grumble’) Surface-
to-Air Missile (SAM) systems. NATO reporting names are ‘Flap Lid’ for 5N63 and ‘Tomb Stone’
for 30N6 radars. 5N63 in use by both Russia and Ukraine.
RSN-75 ‘Fan Song’ missile https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0203-JC4IL
control radars
The RSN-75 (NATO reporting name ‘Fan Song’) is a family of S-/C-band (NATO F-/G-band) (2–4
GHz and 4–8 GHz) target detection and missile guidance radars that have been developed
for use with the S-75 (NATO reporting name SA-2 ‘Guideline’) surface-to-air missile (SAM)
system. In service with both Russia and Ukraine.
MR-114 Lev, MR-145 Drakon and https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0417-JC4IM
MR-184 gun fire-control systems

The MR-114 Lev, MR-145 Drakon, and MR-184 are X-band (NATO I-band) (8–10 GHz) and
Ka-band (NATO K-band) (27–40 GHz) 3D fire-control radars meant for installation on board
surface ships. NATO reporting names ‘Kite Screech’ (MR-114), ‘Kite Screech A’ (MR-145), and
‘Kite Screech B’ (MR-184). In service with both the Russian and Ukrainian navies.
1S91 fire-control radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0216-JC4IL
The 1S91 is a C-/X-band (NATO G-/H-/I-band) (4–10 GHz) fire-control radar for the 2K12 Kub/
Kvadrat (NATO reporting name SA-6 ‘Gainful’) Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) system. NATO
reporting name is ‘Straight Flush’. In service with both Russian and Ukrainian forces.
9S15MV target acquisition radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0197-JC4IL
The 9S15MV Obzor-3 is an S-band (NATO F-band) (3–4 GHz) 3D target acquisition radar for the Antey S-300V sur-
face-to-air missile (SAM) system. NATO reporting name Bill Board.
P19 Early warning radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0071-JC4IL
The P-19 (alternative Russian designation 1RL134) is a P-band (NATO C-band) (500 MHz to

1 GHz) mobile 2D early warning radar that is associated with the S-75, S-125, Tikhomirov
Instrument Research Institute 2K12 Kub (NATO reporting name SA-6 ‘Gainful’), and the
Almaz/Antei 9K33 Osa (NATO reporting name SA-8 ‘Geko’) surface-to-air missile (SAM) sys-
tems. NATO reporting name ‘Flat Face B’’. In service with both Russia and Ukraine.
P18 Early warning radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0069-JC4IL
The P-18 (alternative designation 1RL131) is a Very High Frequency band (VHF – approxi-

mate 150–170 MHz sub-band) (NATO A-band) 2D early warning radar. NATO reporting name:
‘Spoon Rest D’. In service with Ukraine.
9S18M1 Target Acquisition Radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0215-JC4IL
The 9S18M1 is an X-band (NATO I-/J-band) (8–12 GHz) 3D target acquisition radar associ-
ated with the Buk-M1 (NATO reporting name SA-11 ‘Gadfly’) surface-to-air missile (SAM)
system. NATO reporting name ‘Snow Drift. In service with both Russian and Ukrainian air
defence troops.
3Ts-25E (Garpun B) https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IM0030-JC4IM
The 3Ts-25E (‘Garpun B’) is an X-band (NATO I-band) (8.8–9.66 GHz) active/passive target designation 2D radar
meant for installation onboard surface ships for use against surface targets. NATO designation ‘Plank Shave‘.
In service with both Russian and Ukrainian Navies.
MR-352 (Positiv-E) fire-control radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0419-JC4IM
The MR-352 (Positiv-E or Pozitiv-E – suffix ‘E’ for export) is an S-band (NATO E-/F-band) (2–4
GHz) two-dimensional target-acquisition and fire-control radar meant for installation on
board surface ships. NATO reporting name ‘Cross Dome’. Used by the Russian Navy
Eye Bowl fire-control radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0411-JC4IM
The ‘Sprut’’or ‘Drakon’ (NATO designation ‘Eye Bowl’) is an S-band (NATO F-band) (3–4 GHz)
3D tracking radar meant for installation on board medium and large surface ships. The radar
is associated with the SS-N-14 (‘Silex’) long-range anti-submarine torpedo delivery system.
In service with the Russian Navy.
Uzola mobile 3d active phased https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0873-JC4IL
array air surveillance radar

The Uzola is an L-band (NATO D-band) (1–2 GHz) mobile 3D active phased array air surveil-
lance radar, meant for ground-based air surveillance and target designation applications. In
service with Russian Air Defence Forces
1L121E mobile 3D radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0507-JC4IL
The 1L121E (suffix ‘E‘ for export) is an ultra-high-frequency (UHF) band (NATO B-/C-band)

300 MHz–1 GHz mobile 3D radar meant for detection of air targets such as aircraft, drones, or
precision-guided munitions.
RSM 970 S monopulse secondary https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0547-JC4IL
surveillance radar/Mode S
The RSM 970 S is an L-band (NATO D-band) (1–2 GHz) mode S monopulse secondary surveillance radar (MSSR)
meant for air traffic control that can be operated stand-alone or co-mounted with a primary surveillance radar.
1L220-U/1L220U-KC radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4I1984-JC4IL
reconnaissance and fire-control radar

The 1L220U, 1L220UK, and 1L220U-KC are S-band (NATO E-/F-band) (2–4 GHz) mobile battlefield 3D phased-
array fire-control radars designed to establish the co-ordinates of hostile artillery, mortars, multiple launch
rocket systems, and tactical missile batteries, provide targeting data for counter-fire operations and monitor
friendly fall of shot.
VOSTOK 3S S-Band 3D Radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0452-JC4IL
The Vostok 3S is an S-band (NATO E-/F-band) (2–4 GHz) 3D volume air-surveillance radar

meant for ground-based air-defence systems and integrated C2 applications.
Air Defence Radar – Monolit-B https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0447-JC4IL
The Monolit-B is a coastal surveillance radar for surface and air reconnaissance to provide
target designation to land-based, anti-ship missile systems such as the K-300P 3M55 Bas-
tion-P mobile coastal defence missile system, the Bal-E 3K60 Kh-35E Uran, and the Club-
M missile systems.
E-801 airborne early warning https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW2316-JC4IA
(AEW) radar
The E-801 Oko is an ultra-high frequency (UHF) band (NATO C-band) (0.3–1 GHz) 3D airborne
early warning (AEW) and surface surveillance radar meant for installation on board the
Kamov Ka-31 helicopter (NATO reporting name Helix-B). In service with Russia.
Ka-35 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IA0384-JC4IA
The Ka-35 also known as Ka-31SV/Ka-252CV was developed for ground-based radar recon-

naissance. It is designed to detect ground based targets (both moving and static objects).
The development of the Ka-31SV helicopter is being carried out by Kamov JSC of the Gorko-
vchanin R & D project, in the interests of the Russian Ground Forces as a further develop-
ment of the Ka-31 naval shipborne helicopter.
Nebo-SVU surveillance radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0078-JC4IL
The 1L119 Nebo-SVU is a very high frequency (VHF) band (NATO A-/B-band) (30–300 MHz)
long-range 3D volume mobile air surveillance radar meant for long-range detection of air-
borne targets.
Zhuk series fire-control radars https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0554-JC4IA
The Zhuk (Beetle) is a family of X-band (NATO I-/J-band) (8–12.5 GHz) airborne multimode

radars installed onboard the J-8B, J-10, MiG-29M/M2, MiG-29K, MiG-29KUB, MiG-29SMT, MiG-
29SMP, MiG-29UPG, MiG-35, Su-27KUB, and Su-30MK3 aircraft.
Novella/Sea Dragon Series Maritime https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW1646-JC4IA
Patrol Radars
The Novella/Sea Dragon series is an X-band (NATO I-/J-band) (8–12 GHz) family of maritime
surveillance radars meant for installation on board medium and large maritime rotary- and
fixed-wing aircraft as well as aerostats.
55Zh6UE Nebo-UE 3D surveillance https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW0079-JC4IL
radar
The Nebo-U/Nebo-UE is part of the Nebo family of very high frequency (VHF) band (30–300
MHz) 2D and 3D mobile surveillance radars, which also includes the 55Zh6-1 Nebo 3D radar
and 1L13-3 Nebo-SV 2D radar, both deployed in the 1990s. The 55Zh6UE Nebo-UE radar is
also known as ‘Tall Rack’ in NATO terminology.
Oborona-14 early-warning radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JREW1764-JC4IL
The 5N84A Oborona-14 is a very high frequency band (30–300 MHz) early-warning radar
meant for installation in a transportable, trailer-mounted configuration. The NATO reporting
name ‘Tall King’.
Vostok-D/E mobile surveillance radar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JC4IL0388-JC4IL
The Vostok-D/E is a VHF-band (NATO A-band) (175 MHz centre frequency) 2D ground
mobile air defence early warning radar. The system is designed to replace the Soviet-
era P-18 ‘Spoon Rest D’ radar in Belarusian service.
LAND
AFVs
Kozak 2 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0179-JAFV
The Kozak 2 is an APC designed by the private Ukrainian company Practika. Develop-
ment was prompted by the 2014 invasion of Crimea by the Russian Army. The event and
subsequent ceasefires that prevented the use of heavy weapons and artillery by both
sides revealed that Ukrainian forces were ill-equipped for low-intensity warfare. The
Kozak 2 was therefore developed by building on experience gained in the production of
the original Kozak vehicle to provide Ukrainian personnel with an armoured and ambush-
resistant vehicle.
Dozor-B https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_A067-JAFV
The Dozor-B is an armoured multipurpose vehicle (AMPV) developed by the Kharkov

Morozov Design Bureau (KMDB) for domestic and export customers. It is a basic vehicle that
provides limited protection to its crew. Nonetheless the design was taken up under licence
by the Polish company Mista.
Bars https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0200-JAFV
The Bars is a family of wheeled protected mobility vehicles developed in Ukraine. Like many
such vehicles to be developed by Ukraineʼs state defence industry in response to the conflict
in the east of the country that started in 2014. It is designed to provide conventional and
special operations forces with protected mobility on a modern battlefield.
Shrek https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0233-JAFV
The Shrek (also spelt as the Shreck) family is composed of the Shrek 4 × 4, Shrek 4 × 4 RCV,
and Fiona 6 × 6 armoured combat vehicles (ACVs), which owing to their modular hulls can ful-
fil a number of combat roles. All Shrek variants can fulfil the role of troop carrier, and ambu-
lance as well as provide support with a manned turret. The entire Shrek family is offered by
the Ukrainian company AutoKrAZ. The Fiona and the Shrek anti-mine variant is offered by
the Canadian company Streit Group.
Raptor https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0236-JAFV
The Kraz-6322 Raptor 6×6 is an armoured truck combat vehicle designed by AutoKrAZ and

Streit Group. The truck is an all-terrain armoured troop carrier for up to 24 passengers. Since
the vehicle is built to customer specifications, there could be a number of variations of the
vehicle in terms of crew cabin design, protection, armament, and engine.
Varta https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0211-JAFV
The Varta is a 4×4 APC manufactured by Ukrainian Armor, a private engineering company
based in Kiev. It is in active service with Ukrainian border forces, Ukrainian marines, and the
Ukrainian army, and it has entered combat in the Donbass region.
Novator https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0215-JAFV
The Novator is a developmental vehicle from the company Ukrainian Armor, designed for
use with special forces. The design process has prioritised NATO compatibility and the vehi-
cle is in service with the Ukrainian National Guard as well as the army.
Triton-01 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0212-JAFV
The Triton-01 is an amphibious APC designed and manufactured by Private Stock Company

Plant Kuznya on Rybalsky. It is in service with the Ukrainian Border Guard, a paramilitary
force that protects and polices Ukrainian borders.
Saxon https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0350-JAFV?highlights=
The Saxon is an APC and tactical light utility vehicle designed for the British Army in 1975. It
served with the British Army until 2006 and is also in service with many countries around the
world. The design is relatively simple compared with modern APCs and this means that the
vehicle is only now effective in areas where combat is low in intensity and involves mostly
small-arms fire.
Spartan https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0183-JAFV#User-specific%20developments
The Saxon is an APC and tactical light utility vehicle designed for the British Army in 1975. It
served with the British Army until 2006 and is also in service with many countries around the
world. The design is relatively simple compared with modern APCs and this means that the
vehicle is only now effective in areas where combat is low in intensity and involves mostly
small-arms fire.
Cougar https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0206-JAFV
The Cougar is a protected mobility vehicle designed and manufactured by the STREIT Group
based on the Toyota Land Cruiser 79. It is intended to provide users with a protected mobil-
ity platform at a much lower price point than other providers. An upgraded version of the
Cougar, known as the Python, has also been exhibited by the company, and the vehicle is
manufactured under licence by KrAZ.
M1114 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0161-JAFV
The M1114 is the designation given to an up-armoured High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled

Vehicle (HMMWV). It was designed and manufactured by American Body Armour and
Equipment Inc., which later became BAE Systems Mobility and Protection Systems. The
vehicles entered service with many users and became one of the most numerous vehicles in
the US Army’s inventory.
Tigr; Tigr-M https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0025-JAFV
The Tigr is an armoured patrol and reconnaissance vehicle designed to provide Russian

Ground Troops and internal security forces with a vehicle that can perform standard patrol
duties and protect an infantry section from enemy ambushes. It originally used imported
components but more recent versions are more or less entirely Russian. The vehicle per-
forms multiple roles, one of which includes use as part of Russia ground-based EW systems.
Light Multirole Vehicle (LMV) https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0280-JAFV
The Light Multirole Vehicle (LMV) is a 4×4 protected mobility platform designed to provide
users with a general utility vehicle that can be used as a patrol vehicle or command-and-
control platform among other things. It has been introduced into service with multiple users
and developed into several different variants.
Taifun-K Kamaz-53949; Kamaz-4386 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0208-JAFV
The Taifun-K is an MRAP vehicle designed for use by Russian airborne troops Vozdushno-
Desantnie Voyska (VDV) and Special Forces. It is based on the Kamaz-53949 as a 4 × 4. It
is reportedly intended for troop and cargo transport although the ability to fit a 30 mm
cannon in a ROWS to the roof indicates that the Taifun may have a limited capability in the
infantry support role. The Kamaz-4386 variant is specifically designed for the VDV, whereas
the Kamaz-53949 is primarily aimed at the Russian Ground Forces.
Taifun-K; Kamaz-63968; KAMAZ-63969 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0219-JAFV
The Kamaz-63969 and 63968 vehicles fall under the codename Taifun-K. They are a family of
6×6 AFVs designed by KAMAZ to fulfil the lighter-vehicle needs of the Russian Ground Troops.
Like all of the new equipment under development in Russia the vehicles were designed as
part of Project Garage, which came into being when the former president, Dmitry Medvedev,
signed the State Armaments programme in 2010. They are part of an effort within Russia’s
Ground Forces to move towards a streamlined fleet of vehicles that offer better protection,
a reduced profile, and are easier to manufacture. The Taifun-K series also includes a 4×4
vehicle designated as Kamaz-4386 and all vehicles share common components to reduce the
logistics requirements of operating the platform family.
Taifun-U https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0057-JAFV
The Taifun-U is a family of MRAP vehicles developed by Ural Automotive to provide a

wheeled MRAP capability for the Russian Armed Forces and export customers. The vehicles
are at various stages of deployment and development.
Ural-VV https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0242-JAFV
The Ural-VV is an armoured wheeled vehicle developed and manufactured by Ural Auto-

motive using the Ural-4320 chassis to provide the Rosgvardiya (Russia’s internal military
organisation) with protected mobility for use in counter-insurgency operations and during
civil order operations.
GAZ-3937 Vodnik https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0328-JAFV
The GAZ-3937 series of 4 × 4 light armoured vehicles (LAVs), also referred to as Vodnik, was

developed by the Arzamas Machinery Plant as the basic member of a complete family of
LAVs, which could be used for a wide range of paramilitary and military roles.
BPM-97 Vystrel https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0101-JAFV
The BPM-97 Vystrel is a wheeled AFV based on a Kamaz chassis, designed for use with the
Russian border guards. The vehicle was developed in the late 1990s and is now known to be
in service with the counter-terror units that accompany Russia’s strategic missile forces as
well as elements of the Russian Special Forces.
BRDM-2 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0137-JAFV
The BRDM-2 is a Soviet-era wheeled reconnaissance vehicle designed and manufactured by

V K Rubtsov of the Dedkov OKB in Russia to provide the Soviet forces with a replacement for
the BRDM-1. Although the BRDM-2 entered service in 1962, it has been used in the Syrian civil
war that started in 2011 and the Donbas war that started in 2014. In both cases the vehicles
were modified extensively by the users, which reflects that the design is functional, but not
suitable for modern conflicts.
BTR-60 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0325-JAFV
The BTR-60 family of APCs entered service with the Soviet Union to provide motorised for-
mations with wheeled mobility designed to cover large distances quickly during a war with
NATO forces. The vehicle design would eventually lead to the BTR-70 and in turn the BTR-
80. It remains in service but is undoubtedly facing many obsolescence issues in the face of
modern threats and maintenance demands, which are likely to be high considering that the
first vehicles entered service in 1960. The success of the design is reflected in the numbers
produced, which are estimated to have reached 25,000 vehicles in the Soviet Union, and at
least 1,500 additional vehicles in Romania under the designation of TAB-71.
The BTR-70 family of APCs entered service with the Soviet Union to provide motorised
formations with wheeled mobility designed to cover large distances quickly during a war
with NATO forces. The vehicle design would eventually lead to the BTR-80 and it followed
the BTR-60. It remains in service but is undoubtedly facing many obsolescence issues as a
result of modern threats and maintenance demands, which are likely to be high considering
that the first vehicles entered service in 1972.
BTR-80; BTR-82A https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0322-JAFV
The BTR-80 and BTR-82 are ubiquitous AFVs originally designed to provide Soviet and Rus-

sian forces with APCs to equip motorised rifle and mixed tank brigades. The vehicles have
become the primary vehicle for much of the Russian Ground Troops as well as the base for
many different support variants and most recently have been used to carry the most mod-
ern elements of Russian defence doctrine such as EW systems.
The BTR-3 is a series of 8×8 AFVs developed by the Kharkov Morozov Design Bureau (KMDB)
in Ukraine. It is broadly analogous to the Russian BTR-70/80 series and is used by countries
around the world. The design of the vehicle has been constantly revised since it was intro-
duced in the early 2000s and it is now offered in multiple variants.
BTR-4 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_A051-JAFV
The BTR-4 is a family of 8×8 wheeled IFVs and supporting platforms designed and manufac-
tured in Ukraine. The vehicles are intended to build on the legacy of Soviet platforms such
as the BTR-80 and provide users with a common fleet of vehicles that can be used in modern
conflicts. Variants of the family are known to be in service with several users and have been
used operationally in Ukraine against Russian-backed separatist forces.
MT-LB https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0227-JAFV
The MT-LB (Mnogotselevoy Tyagach Legky Bronirovanny: multipurpose towing vehicle light
armoured) vehicle was designed at the Kharkov Tractor Plant in Ukraine under the direction
of Anatoliy Belousov in the early 1960s. It is the primary tracked utility platform in use with the
Russian Ground Forces, as well as many of the former USSR and Warsaw pact countries. It is
a Soviet-era platform and its operators have found continued uses for it into the modern day,
which is indicative of the platform’s versatility. The basic hull can be utilised for many different
roles, including that of an IFV, an EW platform or as a battlefield surveillance radar carrier. Most
recently, the MT-LB has been used to host a series of Russia’s most advanced air defence and EW
assets, which indicates that the MT-LB will continue in service for the foreseeable future.
BMP-1 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0223-JAFV
BMP-1 is the first mass-produced, tracked infantry fighting vehicle. It was designed and man-
ufactured in the former Soviet Union to provide its mechanised formations with protected
mobility on the battlefield in a nuclear setting if required. It is thought that 55,000 BMP-
1s and variants have been produced, which makes it numerically one of the most significant
armoured vehicles ever produced. Because of the quantity produced and its widespread
use, the family will certainly remain in service into the 2040s and there are upgrade pro-
grammes under way with multiple users.
The Russian BMP-2 is a second-generation (Gen 2) IFV developed from the BMP-1.

The BMP-2 has a comparatively lower profile, a wider two-man turret with a 30 mm stabilised
gun, and can carry six fully equipped dismounts apart from the crew. The BMP-2 is known
as the in India and the BVP-2 in the Czech Republic. Russian production for the BMP-2 has
ceased, but continues to be in operation in Russia and various other countries.
The BMP-3 (Boevaya Mashina Pekhota) entered service with Russia in 1990 as part of an

abortive attempt to modernise the equipment in service with the Russian Ground Troops. It
was partially designed to rectify some of the issues associated with the BMP-2, namely a lack
of protection. It is designed to operate with mechanised formations, and allow infantry to
operate alongside main battle tanks (MBTs). The vehicle is manufactured by Kurganmashza-
vod and used around the world. It is a relatively capable platform as a result of its consider-
able firepower, but it lacks some of the future-proofing measures that are present in the
current wave of modernised vehicles that are due to enter service with Russia.
BMD-1; BTR-D; 2S9; BREhM-D https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0226-JAFV
The BMD-1, and the BTR-D based on it, are the original air-droppable AFVs designed for
the Russian airborne troops known as Vozdushno-desantnye voyska (VDV). The concept is
designed to provide air-deployed troops with a supporting armour element that can provide
close-range fire support, which in theory should allow VDV units to maintain a bridgehead
long enough for the primary force to connect with them. The original vehicles entered ser-
vice in the 1970s and upgraded in 2013, thus remain in service.
BMD-2 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0225-JAFV
The BMD-2 is an AFV designed for use with airborne forces. It is an upgrade of the BMD-1 that
was used by Soviet forces in Afghanistan during the 1980s. The upgrade was necessitated by
the low rate of fire of the latter vehicle as well as a host of other user issues. The BMD-2 is now
in service with some of the former Soviet republics and in Russia it has received upgrades and
a new lease of life in the wake of Russian efforts to modernise its ground forces.
BMD-3 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0224-JAFV
The BMD-3 was designed to address the flaws in the BMD-1 and BMD-2 designs. First deliv-

eries were made in 1990 to the Russian airborne troops known as Vozdushno-desantnye
voyska (VDV). The collapse of the Soviet Union limited production and development of the
platforms planned for the BMD-3 hull so that very few are thought to have entered service. It
was replaced in production from 1998 by the BMD-4, which in turn was replaced by the BMD-
4M from 2008.
BMD-4M; BTR-MDM https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAFV0083-JAFV
The BMD-4 (Boyevaya Mashina Desanta-4 – Combat Vehicle of the Airborne) series of vehicles
is designed to provide Russian Airborne troops (Vozdushno-desantnye voyska Rossii: VDV)
with an AFV that can be deployed by parachute. It is the most recent generation of this con-
cept to be deployed by Russian forces and builds on the design features of the BMD-1, 2, and
3, which precede it. The original BMD-4 was replaced in production in 2008 by the improved
BMD-4M, which should be considered the primary variant under the BMD-4 aegis. The BMD-
4M is entering service with the VDV as part of the State Armaments Programme, which is
intended to renovate Russia’s Armed Forces and ensure that 70% of all equipment in service is
modernised by 2020. The BMD-4M provides this modernised capability with greater firepower
and improved mission systems over the earlier BMD vehicles.
BMPT-1; BMPT-2; BMPT-72 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_1231-JAFV
The BMPT is a vehicle designed to provide MBTs with close-range support against infantry
formations. In current defence climates the use of combined arms tactics in an urban envi-
ronment is difficult and at times ill advised. The firepower provided by the BMPT is designed
to enable MBTs to enter combat zones that would normally present a great risk, by defeating
infantry formations and LAVs carrying anti-tank missiles.
T-64; BM-Bulat https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0056-JAFV
The T-64 MBT was, at the time it entered service, the third generation of tanks to be pro-
duced by factories and design bureaus in Ukraine. It was the first Soviet tank to assume the
mantel of an MBT, finally expelling the notion of light, medium, and heavy tanks. It employed
various advanced systems such as an automatic loader for the main gun and eventually a
gun-launched missile. It became the primary MBT of Soviet forces until it was replaced by
the T-80 and T-72. Today there are an unknown number of T-64s remaining in service. They
have shown a limited ability to be upgraded and have been used by both sides in the conflict
between Ukraine and Russian separatists that started in the Donbas region in 2014.
T-72 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0055-JAFV
The T-72 is an MBT developed and produced in Russia under the Soviet Union. It was initially
designed as a more economical alternative to the advanced T-64 and takes advantage of
some of the advanced design principles developed for that platform. Originally the T-72 was
intended to be an economical tank that could be built in peacetime and replaced with more
capable platforms during a war and operated as part of a high/low capability force. The T-72
is reportedly easier to use than the T-80 and although originally less capable, has received
multiple upgrades to make it one of Russia’s primary MBTs. It has been widely exported
around the world and used in many conflicts.
T-80; T-84 Oplot https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0055-JAFV
The T-80 has a long history compared with other Russian battle tanks. The family primarily
consists of MBTss and each variant has been subject to periodic reviews and upgrades. At
one point they were amongst the most feared of Soviet equipment in Eastern Europe; this
partly a result of the gas turbine engine and 125 mm gun. Both were unknown quantities and
assumed to give the T-80 family a decisive advantage over its peers such as the M60, Leop-
ard 1, and Chieftain. As an MBT, it remains in service to the present day and its capabilities
– cruising range and mobility excluded – offer few advantages over a T-72 and are likely to be
below those of a T-90.
T-90 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAA_0054-JAFV
The T-90 family is built around a core of MBTs that have been widely exported and developed
independently by various countries. The original T-90 is an upgrade of the T-72BM and was
designed to show that Russian tank production was heading in a new direction, away from
the issues that surround the T-80. In theory, the T-90 is the most capable MBT in the fleets
of many armies around the world, and its development continues as new systems become
available.

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Ukraine conflict

Mil Mi-17, Mi-19, Mi-171, and Mi-172 23 ZALA 421-16 29

CDET RAM 35 Borisoglebsk-2 42

PLISA thermal imaging sight 63 Zhuk series fire-control radars 70

Corvette/missile boats https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_C025-JFS_

Corvette/missile boats https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_B486-JFS_

Amphibious forces https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_2633-JFS_

Amphibious forces https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_2632-JFS_

Mine warfare https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_B618-JFS_

Fast attack craft – missile https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_3349-JFS_

Patrol craft https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_C693-JFS_

Inshore Patrol Craft https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JFS_B816-JFS_

Inshore Patrol Craft – border guards https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/jfs_5561-jfs_

16 Kalkan class are likely to be operational with Border Guards.

Patrol Craft https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/jfs_5250-jfs_

Aero L-39 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A132-JAU_

Antonov An-12 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1166-JAU_

Antonov An-140 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A231-JAU_

Antonov An-148, An-158, An-168, and An-178 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA5464-JAWA

The An-148 is a family of twin-jet aircraft developed by Antonov in Ukraine. Development of

Antonov An-22 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1167-JAU_

The An-22 is a military transport aircraft manufactured by Antonov in Ukraine. Development

Antonov An-24 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1168-JAU_

The An-24 is a twin-turboprop short-range transport, manufactured by Antonov, in Ukraine.

Antonov An-26 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9135-JAU_

The An-26 is a twin-turboprop pressurised short-haul transport, manufactured by Antonov,

Antonov An-30 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1169-JAU_

The Antonov An-30 is a twin-turboprop surveillance aircraft manufactured by Antonov. The

Antonov An-72 and An-74 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A171-JAU_

Antonov An-74-300 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A206-JAU_

Beriev (Ilyushin) A-50 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A206-JAU_

Beriev A-100 Premyer https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWAA989-JAWA

Beriev A-60 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWAB304-JAWA

The A-60 is an airborne laser technology demonstrator platform developed by Beriev. It is

Beriev Be-12 (M-12) Chaika (Seagull) https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1012-JAU_

NATO reporting name: Mail

Ilyushin Il-18 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1017-JAU_

Ilyushin Il-20 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9117-JAU_

Ilyushin Il-22 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1018-JAU_

Ilyushin Il-38 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1019-JAU_

Ilyushin Il-76 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9120-JAU_

Ilyushin Il-76 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0767-JAWA

Ilyushin Il-78 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9121-JAU_

Kamov Ka-226 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0796-JAWA

Kamov Ka-27, Ka-28 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9122-JAU_

Kamov Ka-29, Ka-31, and Ka-35 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A110-JAU_

Kamov Ka-52 Alligator https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0790-JAWA

Kazan/Mil Mi-17 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0800-JAWA

The Kazan Mi-17 is a medium twin-engine transport helicopter manufactured by Kazansky

MiG (Mikoyan) MiG-21 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1036-JAU_

MiG (Mikoyan) MiG-23 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1038-JAU_

MiG (Mikoyan) MiG-27 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9123-JAU_

MiG (Mikoyan) MiG-31 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9124-JAU_

MiG-29 and MiG-35 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0824-JAWA

MIL (PZL Swidnik) Mi-2 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_A232-JAU_

Mil Mi-14 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_1051-JAU_

Mil Mi-17, Mi-19, Mi-171, and Mi-172 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0840-JAWA

Mil Mi-24, Mi-25, and Mi-35 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAU_9126-JAU_

Mil Mi-26 https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JAWA0845-JAWA