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Project Report: Id Card Generator

This document provides a project report for developing an ID card generator system. It includes a declaration by the student that the work is original. It outlines the objectives of creating a system to easily generate ID cards for organizations or students. The system will help produce bulk ID cards without confusion and prevent forgery. The report acknowledges the guidance provided by faculty. It includes sections on system analysis, specification, and a software description of the technologies used including PHP and MySQL.

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Gowtham vz
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (1 vote)
3K views37 pages

Project Report: Id Card Generator

This document provides a project report for developing an ID card generator system. It includes a declaration by the student that the work is original. It outlines the objectives of creating a system to easily generate ID cards for organizations or students. The system will help produce bulk ID cards without confusion and prevent forgery. The report acknowledges the guidance provided by faculty. It includes sections on system analysis, specification, and a software description of the technologies used including PHP and MySQL.

Uploaded by

Gowtham vz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ID CARD GENERATOR

PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
(Computer Science with Data Analytics)

Submitted by

Name of a Student
(Reg. No: )

Under the guidance of

Guide Name with qualification

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

College Name and Address


DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Project entitled “ID CARD GENERATOR”

submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of degree of

Bachelor of Computer Science with data analytics is an original work done by

Name of the Student (Reg. No: ) and it has not been previously formed the

basis for the award of any Degree, Diploma, Associate ship, Fellowship or similar

titles to any other university or body during the period of my study.

Place :Coimbatore

Date:

Signature of the Candidate


ID CARD GENERATOR

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I convey my profound gratitude to [Link] [Link]., [Link]., Ph.D.,


Principal, United College of Arts and Science College for giving me this
opportunity to undergo this Project.

It is my prime to solemnly express my sense of gratitude to


[Link] MSc.,[Link].,Head, Department of Computer Science , United
College of Arts and Science

I would like to extend my thanks and unbound sense for the timely help and
assistance given faculty name., Assistant Professor, Department of Computer
Science, United College of Arts and Science College in completing the project.
His remarkable guidance at every stage of my project was coupled with
suggestion and motivation.

I am earnestly thankful to teaching staffs of the Department of Computer


Science , United College of Arts and Science College for the support and
guidance provided for me to complete the project.

I take this opportunity to thank my parents and friends for their constant
support and encouragement throughout this training.

Name of a Student

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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project entitled “ID CARD GENERATOR”

in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Computer

Science with Data Analytics is a record of bonafide work carried out by

Name of the student ([Link]) under my supervision and guidance, and that

no part of this Project has been submitted for the award of any other degree

or diploma and the work has not been published in popular journal or

magazine.

GUIDE HOD PRINCIPAL

Viva voce conducted on

Internal Examiner External Examiner

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TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVES

As the name suggests , the ID card Generator system will help in generating ID
card to the enterprises or the students of the institutions with great ease. This
application will help in having only one ID card for a person. This will also ensure
that there is no forgery in the generations of the ID card. It will help the generating
a huge bulk of ID cards without any confusion. It will be one of the unique and
interesting projects that one can work on and get good marks in the examination.

1.2MOTIVATION

Many of us have goals that involve making more money or managing the

money we already have but, no matter exactly what goal you might have for

your money, you probably need some baseline information about it. While

understanding your expenses is basic, they make up some of the most

important information you can gather about where your money goes. Tracking

expenses can be a relatively simple matter and can provide you so much

information about your spending habits.

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CHAPTER 2
SYSTEM ANALYSIS

2.1 EXISTING SYSTEM


House wife always follows traditional and classic system to save money. They
don’t keep the track of their expenditure and manually it’s difficult too. They
usually spend the complete income and end up with no savings.

2.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM


This proposed system of tracking daily expenses is a very healthy tool
towards the method of financial savings. In this process system fixed the daily
expenses allowed for a house wife based upon the income details given. If she
exceeds the expenses in a particular day it display a warning message and cut the
exceed amount from her income and gives new daily expenses allowed. If
expenses are less in a particular day it adds the remaining amount in her savings
which she is saving for some particular event like anniversary, birthday, festival
etc. An income expense curve is also generated at the end of the month.

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CHAPTER 3

SYSTEMSPECIFICATION

3.1HARDWARE SPECIFICATION

PROCESSOR : Pentium IV

SPEED : 2.12 GHZ

HARD DISK CAPACITY : 500 GB

INTERNAL MEMORY CAPACITY : 2 GB

3.2SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION

OPERATING SYSTEM : WINDOWS XP

FRONT END : PHP 3.5

BACK END : MySQL 5.5

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CHAPTER 4
SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

4.1 PHP 3.5

PHP is a server-side scripting language designed for  but also used as a general-


purpose programming language. Originally created by RasmusLerdorf in 1994, the
PHP reference implementation is now produced by The PHP Group. PHP
originally stood for Personal Home Page,[3] but it now stands for
the recursive backronym PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.

PHP code may be embedded into HTML code, or it can be used in combination


with various web template systems, web content management systems, and web
frameworks. PHP code is usually processed by a PHP interpreter implemented as
a module in the web server or as a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) executable.
The web server combines the results of the interpreted and executed PHP code,
which may be any type of data, including images, with the generated web page.
PHP code may also be executed with a command-line interface (CLI) and can be
used to implement standalone graphical applications.

The standard PHP interpreter, powered by the Zend Engine, is free


software released under the PHP License. PHP has been widely ported and can be
deployed on most web servers on almost every operating system and platform, free
of charge.

The PHP language evolved without a written formal specification or standard until


2014, leaving the canonical PHP interpreter as a de facto standard. Since 2014
work has gone on to create a formal PHP specification.

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During the 2010s there have been increased efforts towards standardisation and
code sharing in PHP applications by projects such as PHP-FIG in the form of PSR-
initiatives as well as Composer dependency manager and the Packagist repository.
PHP hosts a diverse array of web frameworks requiring framework-specific
knowledge, with Laravel recently emerging as a popular option by incorporating
ideas made popular from other competing non-PHP web frameworks, like Ruby on
Rails PHP development began in 1995 when RasmusLerdorf wrote
several Common Gateway Interface (CGI) programs in C, which he used to
maintain his personal homepage. He extended them to work with web forms and to
communicate with databases, and called this implementation "Personal Home
Page/Forms Interpreter" or PHP/FI.

PHP/FI could be used to build simple, dynamic web applications. To


accelerate bug reporting and improve the code, Leadoff initially announced the
release of PHP/FI as "Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools) version 1.0" on
the Usenet discussion group [Link] on June 8,
1995. This release already had the basic functionality that PHP has as of 2013.
This included Perl-like variables, form handling, and the ability to embed HTML.
The syntax resembled that of Perl but was simpler, more limited and less
consistent.

Early PHP was not intended to be a new programming language, and grew
organically, with Lerdorf noting in retrospect: "I don’t know how to stop it, there
was never any intent to write a programming language […] I have absolutely no
idea how to write a programming language, I just kept adding the next logical step
on the way." A development team began to form and, after months of work
and beta testing, officially released PHP/FI 2 in November 1997.

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The fact that PHP was not originally designed but instead was developed
organically has led to inconsistent naming of functions and inconsistent ordering of
their parameters. In some cases, the function names were chosen to match the
lower-level libraries which PHP was "wrapping", while in some very early
versions of PHP the length of the function names was used internally as a hash
function, so names were chosen to improve the distribution of hash values.

During 2014 and 2015, a new major PHP version was developed, which was
numbered PHP 7. The numbering of this version involved some debate. While the
PHP 6 Unicode experiment had never been released, several articles and book titles
referenced the PHP 6 name, which might have caused confusion if a new release
were to reuse the name. After a vote, the name PHP 7 was chosen.

The foundation of PHP 7 is a PHP branch that was originally dubbed PHP next


generation (phpng). It was authored by Dmitry Stogov, Xinchen Hui and Nikita
Popov, and aimed to optimize PHP performance by refactoring the Zend Engine
while retaining near-complete language compatibility. As of 14 July
2014, WordPress-based benchmarks, which served as the main benchmark suite
for the phpng project, showed an almost 100% increase in performance. Changes
from phpng are also expected to make it easier to improve performance in the
future, as more compact data structures and other changes are seen as better suited
for a successful migration to a just-in-time (JIT) compiler. Because of the
significant changes, the reworked Zend Engine is called Zend Engine 3,
succeeding Zend Engine 2 used in PHP 5.

Because of major internal changes in php, it must receive a new major


version number of PHP, rather than a minor PHP 5 release, according to PHP's
release process.[45] Major versions of PHP are allowed to break backward-
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compatibility of code and therefore PHP 7 presented an opportunity for other
improvements beyond php that require backward-compatibility breaks. In
particular, it involved the following changes:

● Many fatal- or recoverable-level legacy PHP error mechanisms were replaced


with modern object-oriented exceptions
● The syntax for variable dereferencing was reworked to be internally more
consistent and complete, allowing the use of the operators ->, [], (), {},
and :: with arbitrary meaningful left-hand-side expressions[47]
● Support for legacy PHP 4-style constructor methods was deprecated[48]
● The behavior of the foreach statement was changed to be more predictable
Constructors for the few classes built-in to PHP which returned null upon
failure were changed to throw an exception instead, for consistency
● Several unmaintained or deprecated server application programming
interfaces (SAPIs) and extensions were removed from the PHP core, most
notably the legacy mysqlextension
● The behavior of the list() operator was changed to remove support for strings
● Support for legacy ASP-style PHP code delimiters (<% and %>, <script
language=php> and </script>) was removed
● An oversight allowing a switch statement to have multiple default clauses was
fixed
● Support for hexadecimal number support in some implicit conversions from
strings to number types was removed
● The left-shift and right-shift operators were changed to behave more
consistently across platforms

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● Conversions between integers and floating point numbers were tightened and
implemented more consistently across platforms

PHP 7 also included new language features. Most notably, it introduces return type
declarations for functions, which complement the existing parameter type
declarations, and support for the scalar types (integer, float, string, and boolean) in
parameter and return type declarations.

[Link] 5.5

LIs an open-source relational database management system(RDBMS) Its name is a


combination of "My", the name of co-founder Michael Widenius's daughter, and
"SQL", the abbreviation for Structured Query Language. The MySQL
development project has made its source code available under the terms of
the GNU General Public License, as well as under a variety
of proprietary agreements. MySQL was owned and sponsored by a single for-
profit firm, the Swedish company MySQL AB, now owned by Oracle
Corporation. For proprietary use, several paid editions are available, and offer
additional functionality.

MySQL is a central component of the LAMP open-source web application


software stack (and other "AMP" stacks). LAMP is an acronym for
"Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python". Applications that use the MySQL
database include: TYPO3, MODx, Joomla, WordPress, Simple Machines
Forum, phpBB, MyBB, and Drupal. MySQL is also used in many high-profile,
largescale websites,including Google (thoughnotforsearches), Facebook, Twitter, F
lickr, and YouTube.

MySQL Database
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MySQL is a fast, easy-to-use RDBMS being used for many small and big
businesses. MySQL is developed, marketed and supported by MySQL AB, which
is a Swedish company. MySQL is becoming so popular because of many good
reasons −

● MySQL is released under an open-source license. So you have nothing to


pay to use it.

● MySQL is a very powerful program in its own right. It handles a large


subset of the functionality of the most expensive and powerful database
packages.

● MySQL uses a standard form of the well-known SQL data language.

● MySQL works on many operating systems and with many languages


including PHP, PERL, C, C++, JAVA, etc.

● MySQL works very quickly and works well even with large data sets.

● MySQL is very friendly to PHP, the most appreciated language for web
development.

● MySQL supports large databases, up to 50 million rows or more in a table.


The default file size limit for a table is 4GB, but you can increase this (if
your operating system can handle it) to a theoretical limit of 8 million
terabytes (TB).

● MySQL is customizable. The open-source GPL license allows


programmers to modify the MySQL software to fit their own specific
environments.

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MySQL is the world's most popular open source database. With its proven
performance, reliability and ease-of-use, MySQL has become the leading database
choice for web-based applications, used by high profile web properties including
Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Yahoo! and many more.

Oracle drives MySQL innovation, delivering new capabilities to power next


generation web, cloud, mobile and embedded applications.

● MySQL is a database management system.


A database is a structured collection of data. It may be anything from a simple
shopping list to a picture gallery or the vast amounts of information in a
corporate network. To add, access, and process data stored in a computer
database, you need a database management system such as MySQL Server.
Since computers are very good at handling large amounts of data, database
management systems play a central role in computing, as standalone utilities,
or as parts of other applications.

● MySQL databases are relational.


A relational database stores data in separate tables rather than putting all the
data in one big storeroom. The database structures are organized into physical
files optimized for speed. The logical model, with objects such as databases,
tables, views, rows, and columns, offers a flexible programming environment.
You set up rules governing the relationships between different data fields, such
as one-to-one, one-to-many, unique, required or optional,
and “pointers” between different tables. The database enforces these rules, so
that with a well-designed database, your application never sees inconsistent,
duplicate, orphan, out-of-date, or missing data.

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The SQL part of “MySQL” stands for “Structured Query Language”. SQL is
the most common standardized language used to access databases. Depending
on your programming environment, you might enter SQL directly (for
example, to generate reports), embed SQL statements into code written in
another language, or use a language-specific API that hides the SQL syntax.
SQL is defined by the ANSI/ISO SQL Standard. The SQL standard has been
evolving since 1986 and several versions exist. In this manual, “SQL-
92” refers to the standard released in 1992, “SQL:1999” refers to the standard
released in 1999, and “SQL:2003”refers to the current version of the standard.
We use the phrase “the SQL standard” to mean the current version of the SQL
Standard at any time

MySQL software

Open Source means that it is possible for anyone to use and modify the
software. Anybody can download the MySQL software from the Internet and
use it without paying anything. If you wish, you may study the source code and
change it to suit your needs. The MySQL software uses the GPL (GNU
General Public License), [Link] to define what you may
and may not do with the software in different situations. If you feel
uncomfortable with the GPL or need to embed MySQL code into a commercial
application, you can buy a commercially licensed version from us. See the
MySQL Licensing Overview for more information

● The MySQL Database Server is very fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to
use.

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If that is what you are looking for, you should give it a try. MySQL Server can
run comfortably on a desktop or laptop, alongside your other applications, web
servers, and so on, requiring little or no attention. If you dedicate an entire
machine to MySQL, you can adjust the settings to take advantage of all the
memory, CPU power, and I/O capacity available. MySQL can also scale up to
clusters of machines, networked together.

MySQL Server was originally developed to handle large databases much faster
than existing solutions and has been successfully used in highly demanding
production environments for several years. Although under constant
development, MySQL Server today offers a rich and useful set of functions. Its
connectivity, speed, and security make MySQL Server highly suited for
accessing databases on the Internet.

● MySQL Server works in client/server or embedded systems.


The MySQL Database Software is a client/server system that consists of a
multi-threaded SQL server that supports different back ends, several different
client programs and libraries, administrative tools, and a wide range of
application programming interfaces (APIs).

We also provide MySQL Server as an embedded multi-threaded library that


you can link into your application to get a smaller, faster, easier-to-manage
standalone product.

● A large amount of contributed MySQL software is available.

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MySQL Server has a practical set of features developed in close cooperation
with our users. It is very likely that your favorite application or language
supports the MySQL Database Server.

The official way to pronounce “MySQL” is “My EssQue Ell” (not “my sequel”),


but we do not mind if you pronounce it as “my sequel” or in some other localized
way.
Limitations

When using some storage engines other than the default of InnoDB, MySQL does
not comply with the full SQL standard for some of the implemented functionality,
including foreign key references  and check constraints.

Up until MySQL 5.7, triggers are limited to one per action / timing, meaning that
at most one trigger can be defined to be executed after an INSERT operation , and
one before INSERT on the same table.[76] No triggers can be defined on views.

MySQL database's inbuilt functions like UNIX_TIMESTAMP () will return 0 after


[Link] UTC on 19 January 2038. Recently, there had been an attempt to solve
the problem which had been assigned to the internal queue

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CHAPTER 5

5 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

5.1 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION

The Daily Expense Manager is a simple project developed using PHP. This project is an interesting project for calculating a

expenses based on CRUD actions. The user can provide the income details, expenses details and you can see the expense at

the top. The user can edit the details if he/she wants to make some changes to it.  

Making of the Project

The Daily Expense project is simply in PHP. Taking about the features of this system, the user can make the list of income

sources with the income. Also, you can calculate expenses details and calculate the actual budget for the running month. You

just have to type the income source and amount in the text fields and click on the save button to add the information on the

record. This project is functioning but its does not have any layout presented.

5.2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT

Tracking your expenses is one of the key factors in making your budget work for
you. If you do not know how much you have spent each month, you cannot tell
when you have overspent. There are several options available to you track your
expenses. One of the simplest is a written ledger or tracking system. It may be even
easier to choose budgeting software that works with an  on your phone. It will
allow you to keep up while on the go.
expenses in a notebook. It can also help you become more aware of what you are
spending and where you are spending it. It can help you identify the areas where
you need to change.
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First, you will need to have with you. You should also have a notebook available to
you. You can divide your paper into about three columns a piece. You will need to
write down each budget category at the top of the column. Then you need to record
the assigned amount next to it. If you have not created a budget, and are tracking
your expenses so that you can create one, then you should decide on basic
spending categories such as utilities, food, rent, eating out, fun money, and
insurance. Record each of these at the top of the paper.

Next, you will need to take time each day to record your expenses. As you record
each expense in a category, you will need to keep a running total of how much you
have left in that category. Simply subtract the amount you spent from the current
total and record the answer. It may be helpful to have two separate columns, one
for expenses and one for the current total. You may also want to record the total in
another color. If you are tracking expenses to determine how much you spend you
will need to add the amount you spent to your running total.

You will need to stop spending when you see that you are out of money. It is the
essential step in staying on budget. You may find that your budget is unrealistic or
you may need to transfer money between categories. Take the time towards the end
of the month to adjust next month's budget so that will work for you. It is
important to remember that saving and debt payments should take precedence over
eating out and vacations. You will need to cut back in some areas, but you should
still be able to eat every day.

At the end of the month, you have the option of rolling the money over into the
next month's category or transferring the money to a savings account. For bills that

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vary like your power bill, you may want to roll the balance forward to help even
out the cost of the utilities each month. For things like groceries, you may want to
transfer it to savings so that you can build up your emergency fund or work toward
other goals. 

5.3MODULE DESCRIPTION

● User Login
● User Register
● Add Expense
● Add Income.
● View Income-Expense Curve.
● Savings.
● Add savings to income for next month.
● Add Special Expense

User Register

The user registration contains the user details such as user id, name, password,
and mail id, place. These details get stored in user table.

Login

The authorized persons only login this project. The user login contains the user
name and password

Add Expense

The user has to add the details about the daily expenses like Milk, News paper,
Vegetables etc. Are the expenses details add in this table

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Add Income

The user has to add income in this table details such as amount, date, username,
and password. These details get stored in user table.

View Income

The user can view the income details by user table

Savings

In this module that user has to add their savings amount it will store in this table

Add savings to income for next month

The user wants to add the details about the savings for the next month by adding
saving amount, date, username.

Add Special Expense

The user has to add Special expense like Festival purchasing details like Dress,
Sweets, Snacks, Decorative items .These details get stored in this table.

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5.4 SYSTEM DESIGN

5.4.1 System Flow Diagram


start

user User

Yes no no
login register login

yes

Add Expense

View
Expense
Add Income

logout

end

5.4.1 System Flow Diagram

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5.4.2 Data Flow Diagram

LEVEL 0
Login View
USER Add Details User _table

LEVEL 1
Login Add expense View
User
Expense _table

Level 2

Add expense
User Login Expense _table
L1

Add income Income _table

Add Savings
Savings _table

Add special expense


Special expense_table

Logout

5.4.2 DFD Diagram

5.4.3 Use Case Diagram


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Register

Login

Add
Expense

View
Expense

Add
Income

View
Income

USER
Logout

5.4.3 Use Case Diagram


5.4.3 ER Diagram

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Name
eid
desc

User Manage Add expense

stuname

Amount

Idate

Income
Uname

Functio
n

I date

Amount uname
designn

View_income
Special expense Savings

desc
stitle
month
Amount
amount

5.4.4 ER Diagram

5.5 DATABASE DESIGN

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UserTable
Uid: primary key
Table 5.1 User Table
Field name Field size Constraints Field description
Quid Int(5) User id
Fname Varchar(50) User first name
Email Varchar(100) User email id
Uname Varchar(50) User name
Upass Varchar(50) User password
Phone Varchar(20) User phone number

Expanse Table
Upid: primary key
Usr : foreign key
Field name Field size Field description
Eid Int(5) expense id
Ename Varchar(50) Expense name
Edesc Varchar(10) Description
Eamount Varchar(10) Amount
Uname Varchar(10) User name

Saving Table
Field name Field size Field description
Sid Int(5) Sav id
Samount Varchar(50) Saving amount
Smonth Varchar(50) Saving month
Uname Varchar(50) User name

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Income Table
Field name Field size Field description
Iid Int(5) Income id
Amount Varchar(50) Amount
Uname Varchar(50) User name

Special Expanse Table

Field name Field size Field description


Stitle Int(5) Title
Sdesc Varchar(500) Description
Amount Varchar(50) Amount
Uname Varchar(50) User name

5.6INPUT DESIGN

5.7OUTPUT DESIGN

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CHAPTER 6

SYSTEM TESTING

6.1. TESTING METHODOLOGIES

System testing is the state of implementation, which is aimed at ensuring that the
system works accurately and efficiently as expect before live operation,
commences. It certifies that the whole set of programs hang together System
testing requires a test plan that consists of several key activities and steps for run
program, string, system and user acceptance testing. The implementation of newly
design package is important in adopting a successful new system

Testing is important stage in software development. System test is implementation


should be a confirmation that all is correct and an opportunity to show the users
that the system works as they expected It accounts the largest percentage of
technical effort in software development process.

Testing phase is the development phase that validates the code against the
functional specifications. Testing is a vital to the achievement of the system goals.
The objective of testing is to discover errors. To fulfill this objective a series of test
step such as the unit test, integration test, validation and system test where planned
and executed.

6.1.1 Unit Testing

Here each program is tested individually so any error apply unit is debugged. The
sample data are given for the unit testing. The unit test results are recorded for

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further references. During unit testing the functions of the program unit validation
and the limitations are tested.

Unit testing is testing changes made in a existing or new program this test is
carried out during the programming and each module is found to be working
satisfactorily. For example in the registration form after entering all the fields we
click the submit button. When submit button is clicked, all the data in form are
validated. Only after validation entries will be added to the database.

Unit testing comprises the set of tests performed by an individual prior to


integration of the unit into large system. The situation is illustrated in as follows

Coding-> Debugging ->Unit testing -> Integration testing

The four categories of test that a programmer will typically perform on a program
unit

[Link] test
[Link] test
[Link] Test
[Link] test
Functional test involve exercising the code with nominal input values for
which the expected results are known as well as boundary values and special
values.

Performance testing determines the amount of execution time spent in various


parts of unit program through put and response time and device utilization by the
program.

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ID CARD GENERATOR
A variation of stress testing called sensitivity testing in same situations a very
small range of data contained in a bound of valid data may cause extreme and even
erroneous processing or profound performance degradation.

Structured testing is concerned with a exercising the internal logic of a


program and traversing paths. Functional testing, stress testing performance testing
are referred as “black box” testing and structure testing is referred as “white box”
testing

6.1.2 Validation Testing

Software validation is achieved through a serious of testes that demonstrate


conformity with requirements. Thus the proposed system under consideration has
been tested by validation & found to be working satisfactory.

6.1.3Output Testing

Asking the user about the format required by them tests the output generated by the
system under consideration .It can be done in two ways, One on screen and other
on printer format. The output format on the screen is found to be correct as the
format designed n system test.

6.1.4System Testing

In the system testing the whole system is tested for interface between
each module and program units are tested and recorded. This testing
is done with sample data. The securities, communication between
interfaces are tested
System testing is actually a series of different tests whose primary
purpose is to fully exercise the computer based system although each
test has a different purpose all work to verify that all system
elements properly integrated and perform allocate function.

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It involves two kinds of activities namely
1. Integrated testing
2. Acceptance testing

6.1.5 Integrated Testing


Integrated testing is a systematic technique for constructing tests to uncover errors
associated with interface.
Objective is to take unit tested modules and build a program structure that has been
dictated by design

6.1.6 Acceptance Testing

Acceptance testing involves planning an execution of a functional test,


performance test and stress test to verify that the implemented system satisfies the
requirement.

The acceptance testing is the final stage of the user the various possibilities of the
data are entered and the results are tested.

6.1.7 Validation Testing

Software validation is achieved through a series of test that demonstrates the


conformity and requirements. Thus the proposed system under consideration has to
be tested by validation and found to be working satisfactorily. For example in
customer enters phone number field should contain number otherwise it produces
an error message similarly in all the forms the fields are validated

Testing Results

All the tests should be traceable to customer requirements the focus of testing will
shift progressively from programs Exhaustive testing is not possible To be more
effective testing should be which has probability of finding errors
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The following are the attributes of good test

1. A good test has a probability of finding a errors

2. A good test should be “best of breeds”

3. A good test to neither simple nor too comple

(.)

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CHAPTER 7

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

It is the process of exercising software with the intent of finding and ultimately
correcting errors. This fundamental philosophy does not change for web
applications, because web based system and applications reside on network and
inter-operate with many different operating systems, browsers, hardware platforms
and communication protocols. Thus searching for errors is significant challenge for
web applications.

Testing and Implementation

1. Client GUI should be considered.


2. Target environment and platform considerations
3. Distributed database considerations
4. Distributed processing consideration

(.)

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CHAPTER 8

CONCLUTION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

8.1 Conclusion

The daily expenses tracker system is designed to help users to track their daily
expenses. Also it helps to manage daily expenses in a more efficient way. This
tracking system is responsible to boost user’s savings and help them to achieve
their financial goal.

This cost effective, value oriented, significant project is developed using PHP and
MYSQL

8.2 Future Enhancement

The main aim of this project is to manage all the details about expenses etc. There
is only one user is Admin. In this project admin can add manage expense. The
system we envisioned comes to practice, providing a centralized log inculcating all
daily expenses. No or less manual calculations are required by the user, with
efficient and user friendly interface.

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CHAPTER 9

APPENDICES

9.1 SAMPLE CODING

<?php

session_start();

mysql_connect("localhost","root","");

mysql_select_db("Daily expense");

[Link]. CSDA Page 35

Common questions

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PHP and MySQL are fundamental to the development of the Daily Expense Manager, where PHP functions as the server-side scripting language facilitating dynamic content generation and user interaction . It is responsible for the logic handling in CRUD operations for financial management, such as managing income and expenses records . MySQL serves as the database server, providing robust capabilities for data storage and management. These technologies interact in a client-server model where PHP scripts interact with MySQL databases to perform operations such as data retrieval, insertion, and updates necessary for tracking user expenses efficiently . This integration enables dynamic web functionalities critical for real-time financial tracking and management .

The testing phase in the software development process includes several steps: unit testing, integration testing, validation, and system testing . Unit testing involves individual program testing to ensure isolated components function correctly before integration . Integration testing verifies the interaction between integrated modules . Validation testing checks the software against requirements to confirm working functionality . System testing assesses the entire system for interface stability and proper function execution . This phase aims to uncover errors, thus each category of testing—functional, performance, stress, and structure—is designed to maximize error discovery potential, ensuring that the system meets user expectations .

The testing procedures outlined, while comprehensive, show limitations in their ability to address exhaustive testing scenarios as described, where it is recognized that exhaustive testing is not feasible . While they utilize various tests such as unit, integration, and system tests, the approach might not fully capture edge cases in distributed or highly concurrent environments particularly with web-based applications . Enhancement could involve adopting automated testing tools that integrate with continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines to ensure rigorous testing across varied scenarios and user environments. Additionally, implementing user acceptance testing (UAT) in more iterative cycles could pick up user-centric issues earlier in the development lifecycle, potentially reducing deployment risks .

MySQL's database management system is described as fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use, suitable for both client/server and embedded systems . Key features include its performance in managing large databases and its capability to scale from a single machine to clusters of networked machines. It offers diverse APIs, supports various back ends, and is enriched with user-contributed software . However, it has limitations such as non-compliance with the full SQL standard for certain features when using specific storage engines other than InnoDB, and pre-MySQL 5.7 versions limit triggers to one per action/timing per table, with no capability for triggers on views . Additionally, there's a known issue where functions like UNIX_TIMESTAMP() will malfunction beyond a specific date in 2038 .

The 'Daily Expense Manager' system enhances financial management by providing a structured way to track and manage daily expenses, which is especially beneficial for housewives who often do not keep track of expenditures . The system proposes setting a daily expense limit based on income and issuing warnings when exceeded, promoting savings accumulation if expenses are below the set limit . The core components include CRUD-based functionalities for inputting income data, calculating expenses, and budget management. An income expense curve is generated at the end of the month to provide users with insights into their spending patterns .

MySQL's licensing model enhances its adaptability and sustainability for business applications by offering a dual-license system: the GNU General Public License (GPL), which allows free use and modifications, promoting adaptability, and a commercial license for companies that require embedding MySQL into proprietary applications . This flexibility attracts a broad user base, from individual developers to large enterprises, ensuring widespread adoption. The commercial option provides sustainability through revenue streams, supporting continuous development and enhancement, while the GPL encourages community contributions and collaborations, fostering innovation .

The proposed ID card generation system aims to prevent forgery by consolidating multiple ID cards into a single unique ID per person, thereby reducing opportunities for counterfeit cards across disparate systems . By centralizing ID generation and management, it simplifies administrative processes, making it easier to detect and prevent fraudulent activity across institutions. The system manages large volumes of ID cards efficiently, significantly lowering the chances of errors in ID creation and distribution .

Testing attributes are critical in guiding the development of reliable software systems. Attributes such as a high probability of finding errors, 'best of breeds' design, and appropriate complexity serve as benchmarks for evaluating test quality . These attributes ensure that tests are effectively structured to identify potential system failures or design flaws before deployment. By emphasizing error probability, testing efforts are directed toward critical system interactions likely to produce errors, thus enhancing reliability. Comprehensive test design ('best of breeds') covers various scenarios including edge cases, while maintaining appropriate complexity ensures tests are manageable and interpretable . Collectively, these attributes help in validating system functionality and integrity against specifications, significantly contributing to software reliability .

In the context of the proposed expense tracking system, motivation plays a crucial role as it is centered on achieving financial goals, such as savings for significant events or improved financial management . Users are motivated to engage with the system by the prospects of efficient budget control and increased savings. By providing visual aids like daily warnings and savings accumulation updates, the system influences users to adhere to budget limits, thus fostering continuous engagement and positive reinforcement. The motivational aspect is essential for user adoption and sustained interaction with the system as it aligns with personal financial aspirations .

The daily expenses tracker system aligns with future enhancement goals by focusing on user experience and system functionality improvements . Currently, the system facilitates tracking and managing daily expenses to boost savings . Future enhancements aim to incorporate a centralized log of expenditures, minimizing manual calculations and increasing user-friendliness with a more intuitive interface . Additionally, expanding functionalities could include multi-user support, enhancing the system's scalability to handle complex financial scenarios beyond individual usage, thereby aligning with the goals of more comprehensive budget management solutions .

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