School: SAN ISIDRO INTEGRATED SCHOOL Grade Level: TEN

Teacher: MA. CECILIA M. MARIN Learning Area: MATHEMATICS

Date: WEEK 4 Quarter: FIRST

Detailed Lesson Plan in Problem Solving Involving Sequence (MATHEMATICS 10)

I. Objective (Layunin)
A. Content Standards
The learner demonstrate understanding of key concepts of sequences, polynomials and polynomial
equations

B. Performance Standards
The learner is able to formulate and solve problems involving sequences, polynomials and polynomial
equations in different disciplines through appropriate and accurate representations.

C. Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC)

The learner
1. Solves problems involving sequences (M10AL-If-2)

D. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the learners should able to:

1. Solves problems involving sequences

II. Content (Nilalaman)
Problem Solving Involving Sequence and Series

Learning Resources (KagamitangPanturo)

A. Reference
Mathematics for Grade 10 pp 17 – 18
Intermediate Algebra pp 181 – 191
E-Math pp 38 – 39, 55 – 56

III. Procedures (Pamamaraan)

A. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lesson (Balik-aral sa nakaraang aralin at/o pagsisimula ng
bagong aralin)

Hello… Do you still remember our lesson last week?? Before we proceed to the next lesson.

Activity 1: Answer the following questions.

Score Description
10 – 12 Excellent
7–9 Good
4-6 Fair
Review the previous
0-3
lesson

Now, check your work by turning to page 8 for the key to correction. How many correct answers did you get? Rate your
result using the table above.

If your score is at least 7 out of 12, you may now proceed to the next part of the discussion.

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B. Establishing a purpose for the lesson (Paghahabi sa layunin ng aralin)

George Polya, 1887-1985

The Father of Problem Solving in Mathematics Education. George Polya can rightly be
called the father of problem solving in mathematics education. For that distinction and his
many contributions to our field, the California Mathematics Council chose to name one of our
prestigious awards in his honor.

Dr. Polya was a distinguished mathematician and professor at Stanford University. Polya
(1887-1985) made important contributions to probability theory, number theory, the theory of
functions, and the calculus of variations. He was the author of the classic works  How to
Solve It, Mathematics and Plausible Reasoning, and Mathematical Discovery, which
encouraged students to become thoughtful and independent problem solvers.

Polya's Four-Step Problem-Solving Process

Identify the problem

 What is the unknown? What are the data? What is the condition?
 Draw a figure. Introduce suitable notation.

Develop a plan
 Draw connection between data and the unknown. Have you seen it before? Perhaps a problem with similar
unknown?
 Try solving a SIMPLER problem.
 Try specialization and generalization of problem.

Execute the plan

 Execute the plan that you just developed.
 If it doesn't work, go back to step 2 and develop another plan.

Assess the solution

 Can you derive the solution differently?
 Can you use the result or method in some other problem?

C. Presenting examples/ instances of the new lesson (Pag-uugnay ng mga halimbawa sa bagong aralin)

Problems Involving Arithmetic Sequence and Series

Word problems involving arithmetic sequence and arithmetic series can be solved using the corresponding
formula.

Example1: Example 2:
Cherrie made deposits from her school allowance as A househelper receives a salary of ₱ 36,000 a year with a
follows: ₱ 10 on the 1st week, ₱ 13 on the 2 nd week, ₱ 16 contract of ₱ 250 annual increase for 7 years. What is his
on the 3rd week, and so on, until she made 2 deposits. total income for 7 years?
What was the amount of her last deposit? How much was
her total savings after 52 deposits?
10, 13, 16, … form an arithmetic sequence Step1: identify the given:
Step1: identify the given: a 1=10 d=3 n=52 a 1=₱ 36,000 d=₱ 250 n=7
unknown: a 52=? S 52 =? unknown: S7 =?

Step 2: solve for a 52 Step 2: solve for S7

a n=a1 + ( n−1 ) d
n
Step 3: Substitute
S7 = [ a + ( n−1 ) d ]
2 1
a 52=10+ ( 52−1 ) 3
Step 3: Substitute
Step 4: Solve *apply PEMDAS 7
S7 =
2
[ 2(36000)+ (7−1 ) 250 ]
a 52=10+ ( 51 ) 3
a 52=10+ 153
Step 4: Solve *apply PEMDAS
2
a 52=163
7
therefore the 52nd term in the arithmetic sequence is 163
S7 =
2
[ 2(36000)+ ( 6 ) 250 ]
Step 5: solve for S52
7
S7 = [ 72000+ 1500 ]
n 2
Sn= [ a + ( n−1 ) d ]
2 1
7
Step 6: Substitute
S7 = ( 73500 )
2
52
S❑=
2
[ 2(10)+ ( 52−1 ) 3 ] 514500
S7 =
2
Step 7: Solve *apply PEMDAS
S7 =₱ 257,250
52 His total salary for 7 years is ₱ 257,250.
S52=
2
[ 2(10)+ ( 51 ) 3 ]

52
S52 = [ 20+153 ]
2

S52=26 ( 20+153 )
S52=26 ( 173 )
S52=4498

So, Cherrie’s last deposit was ₱ 163. Her total savings

after 52 deposits was ₱ 4,498.00

Now it’s your turn. Amphitheater has 50 rows of seats with 30 seats in the first row, 32 in the second, 34 in the
third, and so on. How many seats are there in 50 th row? Find the seating capacity of the amphitheater?
You answer should be a50 = 128 and S50 = 3950. If your answer is correct you may proceed to the next example
but if your answer is not correct go back to the example and try all over again.

Example 3: Example 4:
An object is dropped from a jet plane and falls 32 A sari-sari store sells ₱ 1 000 worth of products during its
feet during the first second. If during each successive first week. The owner of the sari-sari store has set a goal
second, it falls 40 feet more than the distance in the of increasing his weekly sales by ₱ 500 each week for 10
preceding second, how far does it fall during the weeks. If we assume that this goal is met, find the total
eleventh second?? sales during the first 11 weeks this store is in operation.

32, 40, 48, … form an arithmetic sequence Step1: identify the given:
Step1: identify the given: a 1=32 d=8 n=11 a 1=₱ 1,000 d=₱ 500 n=11
unknown: a 11=? unknown: S11=?

Step 2: solve for a 11 Step 2: solve for S11

a n=a1 + ( n−1 ) d
n
Step 3: Substitute
Sn= [ a + ( n−1 ) d ]
2 1
a 11=32+ (11−1 ) 8
Step 3: Substitute
Step 4: Solve *apply PEMDAS 11
S11 =
2
[ 2(1000)+ ( 11−1 ) 500 ]
a 11=32+ (10 ) 8
a 52=32+ 80
Step 4: Solve *apply PEMDAS
a 52=112
11
therefore the 11th term in the arithmetic sequence is 112 S11=
2
[ 2(1000)+ ( 10 ) 500 ]

11
S11 = [ 2000+5000 ]
2

3
11
S11= ( 7000 )
2
77000
S11=
2
S11=₱ 38,5000
His total sales for 11 weeks is ₱ 38,500.

Now it’s your turn. Mr. A. Reyes bought a lot at the beginning of year 2001 for ₱ 50,000 If it increased ₱ 1 000 in value
each year, how much is it worth at the end of 2025? You answer should be a25 = ₱ 74,000. If your answer is correct you
may proceed to the next example but if your answer is not correct go back to the example and try all over again.

Score Description
Activity 2: Answer each Problem
5 Excellent
1. Joan started a new job with an annual salary of ₱ 150,000 in 2007. If she 4 Good
receives a ₱ 12000 raise each year, how much will her annual salary be after 3 Fair
1o years? Turn to page 7
2. A stack of telephone poles has 30 poles in the bottom row. There are 29 poles section J.1 and
in the second row, 28 in the next row, and so on. How many poles are there in 0-2 work on the
the 26th row? enrichment
3. Josh spent ₱ 150.00 on August 1, ₱ 170.00 on August 2, ₱ 190.00 on August activities
3, and so on, how much did Josh spend on August 31?
4. Gemini was advised by her physician to walk each day in the morning as a daily exercise. On the first day of
June, he walks 10m, on the second 15m, on the third 20m and so on. How far will he walk on the last day of the
month?
5. A Stack of bricks has 61 bricks in the bottom layer, 58 bricks in the second layer, 55 bricks in the third layer, and
so on until there are 10 bricks in the last layer. How many bricks are there all together?

Now, check your answer by turning page 8 for the key of correction. How many correct answers did you get? Rate
your result using the table above. If your score is at least 3 out of 5, you may now proceed to the next part of the
discussion.

D. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #1(Pagtalakay ng bagong konsepto at paglalahad ng bagong
kasanayan #1

Problems Involving Geometric Sequence and Series

Word problems involving geometric sequence and geometric series can be solved using the corresponding
formula.

Example1: Example 2:
A piece of spoiled meat has some bacteria in it. The Michael saved ₱ 50.00 in January. Suppose he saved
number of bacteria increases five times every hour. If the twice the amount he saved the previous month. How much
number of bacteria is 1000 on the first hour, complete the would he save in December? How much was his total
sequence until five hours. How many bacteria will there be savings at the end of the year?
after five hours? What is the total number of bacteria at
the end of five hours?

Step1: identify the given: a 1=1000 r=5 n=5 Step1: identify the given: a 1=50 r=2 n=12
unknown: a 5=? S5 =? unknown: a 12=? S 12=?

Step 2: solve for a 5 Step 2: solve for a 12

n−1 n−1
a n=a1 r a n=a1 r

Step 3: Substitute Step 3: Substitute

5−1 12−1
a 5=(1000)5 a 12=(50)2

Step 4: Solve *apply PEMDAS Step 4: Solve *apply PEMDAS

4 11
a 5=(1000)5 a 12=(50)2

4
a 5=(1000)625 a 12=(50)2048
a 5=625,000 a 5=102,400

therefore the 5th term in the geometric sequence is therefore the 12th term in the geometric sequence is
625,000 102,400

Step 5: solve for S5 Step 5: solve for S5

n n
a 1(1−r ) a 1(1−r )
Sn= Sn=
1−r 1−r

Step 6: Substitute Step 6: Substitute

5 12
1000(1−5 ) 50(1−2 )
S5= S12 =
1−5 1−2

Step 7: Solve *apply PEMDAS Step 7: Solve *apply PEMDAS

1000(1−3125) 50(1−4096)
S5= S12 =
−4 −1
1000(−3124 ) 50(−4095)
S5 = S12 =
−4 −1
−3,124,000 S12 =204,800
S5=
−4
S5=781,000 So, Michael’s total savings at the end of the year is
₱ 204,800.

So, total number of bacteria at the end of five hours is

781,000.

Now it’s your turn. A student saved ₱ 10 on Sunday and doubled his savings each day thereafter. How much did he save
on the 7th day? What was his total savings for the week? You answer should be a 7 = ₱ 640 and S7 = 1270. If your answer
is correct you may proceed to the next example but if your answer is not correct go back to the example and try all over
again.

Example 3: Example 4:
A man accepts an annual salary of ₱168,000 with the A community has a population of 25000 which increases
understanding that he will receive a 5% increase every by 15% every year. What will be the population of the
year. How much will be his salary on the 10th year? How community after 6 years? What will be the total population
much will be his total earnings in 10 years? after 6 years?

Step1: identify the given: a 1=16800 Step1: identify the given: a 1=25000
r =1.05 n=10 r =1.15 n=6

To get r: first get5 % of 168000 To get r: first get15 % of 25000

168000 ×.05=8400 25000 ×.15=3750

Then get the 2nd term by adding: Then get the 2nd term by adding:
168000 + 8400 = 176,400 25000 + 3750 = 28750

a2 176400 a2 28750
To get r: divide = =1.05 To get r: divide = =1.15
a1 168000 a1 25000

unknown: a 10=? S10 =? unknown: a 6=? S6 =?

5
Step 2: solve for a 10 Step 2: solve for a 6
n−1 n−1
a n=a1 r a n=a1 r

Step 3: Substitute Step 3: Substitute

10−1 6−1
a 10 =(168000)(1.05) a 6=( 25000)(1.15)

Step 4: Solve *apply PEMDAS Step 4: Solve *apply PEMDAS

9 5
a 10=(168000)(1.05) a 6=(25000)(1.15)

a 10 =(168000)(1.551328216) a 6=( 25000)(2.011357188)

a 10=260,623.1403 a 10 =50,283.92969

therefore the 10th term in the geometric sequence is therefore the 6th term in the geometric sequence is
260,623.1403 50,283.92969

Step 5: solve for S10 Step 5: solve for S6

n n
a 1(1−r ) a 1(1−r )
S n= S n=
1−r 1−r

Step 6: Substitute Step 6: Substitute

S10 =168000 ¿ ¿ 25000(1−(1.15) )
6
S6 =
−.15
Step 7: Solve *apply PEMDAS
Step 7: Solve *apply PEMDAS
168000(1−1.628894627)
S10 =
−0.05 25000(1−2.313060766)
S6 =
168000(−0.628894627) −.15
S10 =
−0.05 25000(−1.313060766)
S6 =
−105,654.2973 −.15
S10 =
−0.05 −32,826.51914
S6 =
S10 =2,113,085.946 −.15
S6 =218,843.4609
So, his total earnings in 10 years is ₱ 2,113,085.946
So, the total population after 6 years is 218,843 – round
off your answer because we are talking about
population

Now it’s your turn. The population of a certain province increases by 10% each year. What will be the population
of the province five years from now if the current population is 200 000? You answer should be a5 = 292,820. If
your answer is correct you may proceed to the next example but if your answer is not correct go back to the example and
try all over again.

Activity 3: Answer the following problems.

1. The income of Anny’s family in 2008 is ₱ 65000. From 2008 to 2012, the income Score Description
of the family doubles in number every year. What’s the total amount of income of 5 Excellent
Anny’s family from 2008 to 2012? Round your answer to the nearest whole 4 Good
number 3 Fair
2. Mike deposited ₱ 850 into the bank in July. From July to December, the amount Turn to page 7
section J.2 and
0-2 work on the 6
enrichment
activities
of money he deposited into the bank family triples in number every month. What’s the total amount of money in
his account after December? Round your answer to the nearest peso
3. A fisherman harvested 350 kg of fishes on Monday. From Monday to Friday, the amount of fishes, he harvested
increased by 10% per day. What’s the total amount of fishes did the fisherman harvest in the first five days?
Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
4. A truck transport's 600 kg of vegetables to the market on Monday. From Monday to Sunday, the amount of
vegetables the truck transport increased by 15% per day. What’s the total amount of vegetables the truck
transport in a week? Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
5. The population of a town is 2400 in 2007. From 2007 to 2010, the population of the town increased by 5% per
year. What’s the population of the town in 2010? Round your answer to the nearest whole number

Now check your activity by turning to page 8 for the key to correction. Give yourself 1 point for every correct answer.
How many correct answers did you get? Rate your result using the table. If your answer is at least 3 above you may
proceed to the next part of the discussion.

E. Developing mastery (Paglinang sa kabihasnan) Score Description

5 Excellent
Activity 4: Solve the following problems
4 Good
1. Ms. Cruz has signed a 5-year professional consultancy contract with a beginning 3 Fair
salary of ₱ 2,000,000 per year. The management gives her the following options with Turn to page 7
regard to her salary for the next five years. Which option will give more income? section J.3 and
0-2 work on the
a. An annual increase of P 100,000 per year beginning after 1 year. enrichment
b. An annual increase of 5% per year beginning after 1 year. activities

2. Which of the following choices results to more money?

a. To receive ₱ I, 000 on the first day, ₱ 999 on the second day, ₱ 998 on the third day, and so on up to 1 000 days
b. To receive ₱ 1 on the first day, ₱ 2 on the second day, ₱ 4 on the third day and so on for 19 days.

3. A certain bacterial culture doubles in number every hour. If 1 bacterium is placed in a glass beaker at 8 A.M., how many
will be there after 16hours?

Now, check your answer by turning page 8 for the key of correction. How many correct answers did you get? Rate
your result using the table above. If your score is at least 3 out of 5, you may proceed to the next part of the lesson.

F. Making Generalizations and abstraction about the lesson (Paglalahat ng aralin)

As for the summary, in solving Arithmetic and Geometric Sequence/Series problems you have to
1. Identify first the problem if it is arithmetic or geometric by analyzing the problem
2. Identify the given and unknown.
3. And lastly solve the problem by applying the PEMDAS rules

G. Evaluating (Pagtataya ng aralin)

Please see attached worksheet

H. Additional Activities for application or remediation (Karagdaganggawain para sa takdang aralin at remediation)

J.1: Answer the following:

1. You visit the Grand Canyon and drop a rock off the edge of a cliff.  The distance the rock will fall is 16 feet the first
second, 48 feet the next second, 80 feet the third second, and so on in an arithmetic sequence. What is the total
distance the object will fall in 6 seconds?
2. There are 130 students in grade one, 210 students in grade two and 290 students in grade three in a primary
school, and so on in an arithmetic sequence. What’s the total amount of students in the primary school? (Primary
School has 6 grades)
3. A car travels 300 m the first minute, 420 m the next minute, 540 m the third minute, and so on in an arithmetic
sequence. What’s the total distance the car travels in 5 minutes?

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4. Lee earned ₱ 240 in the first week, ₱ 350 in the second week and ₱ 460 in the third week, and so on in an
arithmetic sequence. How much did he earn in the first 5 weeks?
5. There are 125 passengers in the first carriage, 150 passengers in the second carriage and 175 passengers in the
third carriage, and so on in an arithmetic sequence. What’s the total number of passengers in the first 7
carriages?

Now, check your work by turning to page 9 for the key to correction. How many correct answers did you get? You
may proceed to the next part of the discussion if your score is at least 3 out of 5. If not, you have to go back to the section
A and try all over again. If you need more help, you may massage me thru messenger account.

J.2: Answer the following

1. Bruno has 3 pizza stores and wants to dramatically expand his franchise nationwide. If he doubles the
number of stores that he owns each month how many stores will he launch on the 12 month?

2. On January 1 Abby's troop sold three boxes of Girl Scout cookies online. Their daily goal is to sell triple the
number of boxes as the previous day. At this rate how many boxes will they sell on day 7?

3. A new website got 4000 page views on the first day. During the next 4 days, the number of page views
increased by 30% per day. What’s the total amount of page views in the first 5 days? Round off your answer
to the nearest whole number
4. Mr. Santos bought a Condo Unit for ₱ 1,000,000 He plans to sell it in 5 years. If the value of the condo
increases by 3% every year, how much will the condo's value be at the end of 5 years? Round your answer to
the nearest whole number.
5. A laboratory has a population of 50 rabbits. The scientists found that the rabbit population increases by 75%
every month. What would the rabbit population be by the end of one year? Round your answer to the nearest
whole number.

Now, check your work by turning to page 9 for the key to correction. How many correct answers did you get?
You may proceed to the next part of the discussion if your score is at least 3 out of 5. If not, you have to go back
to the section C and try all over again. If you need more help, you may massage me thru messenger account.

J.3: Answer the following arithmetic and geometric problems

1. 20 people live on the first floor of the building, 34 people on the second floor and 48 people on the third floor, and
so on in an arithmetic sequence. What’s the total number of people living in the building?
2. A writer wrote 890 words on the first day, 760 words on the second day and 630 words on the third day, and so on
in an arithmetic sequence. How many words did the writer write in a week?
3. Lanie has decided to add strength training to her exercise program. Her trainer suggests that she starts with 5
minutes during her routine for the first week. Each week thereafter, she is to increase the weight lifting time by 2
minutes. If Lanie continues with this increase in weight lifting time, a) how many minutes will she be devoting to
weight lifting in week 10? b) How many total minutes will she have lifted from day 1 to day 10?
4. The annual growth rate of a certain population is 2%. If at present, there are 100 000 inhabitants, how many
inhabitants will there be after 5 years? Round off your answer to the nearest whole number
5. A car that costs ₱ 700,000 depreciates 15% in value each year for the first five years. What is its cost after 5
years? Round off your answer to the nearest whole number

Now, check your work by turning to page 9 for the key to correction. How many correct answers did you get?
You may proceed to the next part of the discussion if your score is at least 3 out of 5. If not, you have to go back
to the section D and try all over again. If you need more help, you may massage me thru messenger account.

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KEY TO CORRECTION
Activity 1 Answer the following
1. Geometric 5. d = -30 -121, -151, -181 9. r = 5 -625, -3125, -15625
2. Geometric 6. d = -200 -791, -991, -1191 10. r = -4 -1024, 4096, -16384
3. Geometric 7. d = -6 -36, -42, -48 11. r = 3 162, 486, 1458
4. Geometric 8. d = -10 -5, -15, -25 12. r = 2 32, 64, 128

Activity 2: Answer each Problem

1. 258,000
2. 55
3. 750
4. 155
5. 340
Activity 3: Answer the following problems.
1. 2,015,000
2. 309,400
3. 2,137
4. 6,640
5. 2,778
Activity 4: Answer the following problems
1. a. 2,500,000
b. 2,552,563
2. a. 1999
b. 524,288
3. 65,536
J.1: Answer the following problems
1. 576
2. 1,980
3. 2,700
4. 2,300
5. 1,400
J.2: Answer the following
1. 6,144
2. 2,187
3. 36,172
4. 1,125,509
5. 23,572
J.3: Answer the following
1. 240
2. 3,500
3. a. 23 b. 140
4. 112,114
5. 365,404

Prepared by: (Inihanda ni) Noted: (Binigyan Pansin ni)

MA. CECILIA M. MARIN DAISY M. ARCIAGA

Name and Signature of Teacher Name and Signature of Observer
(Pangalan at Lagda ng Guro) (Pangalan at Lagda ng Nagmasid)

9
Evaluation!!!

Name: Date: Score:

ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE WORD PROBLEM EXAMPLES
All final solutions MUST use the formula.

1. A recovering heart attack patient is told to get on a regular walking program. The patient is told to walk a distance
of 5 km the first week, 8 km the second week, 11 km the third week and so on for a period of 10 weeks. At that
point the patient is to maintain the distance walked during the 10th week. How far will the patient walk during the
10th week?
a. Is the sequence arithmetic or geometric?
b. Write your solution and final answer.
2. A virus reproduces by dividing into two, and after a certain growth period, it divides into two again. As the virus
continues to reproduce, it will continue to divide in two. How many viruses will be in a system starting with a
single virus AFTER 10 divisions?
a. Is the sequence arithmetic or geometric?
b. Write your solution and final answer
3. Sam has purchased a ₱ 30,000 car for his business. The car depreciates 30% every year. Depreciation means

the value of the car goes down by that percent each year. What will be the value of the car after the 5 th year?
Note: The car is 0 years old when purchased so the first year is the second entry in the sequence.
a. Is the sequence arithmetic or geometric?
b. Write your solution and final answer
4. Allen is on the football team this year but he has poor time management skills. His mother told him that he is off
the team if he fails anything in school. On his first math quiz he earned a 90, then he earned an 86 and an 82 on
his next two quizzes. If his grades continue at this rate, what will his quiz grade be after the 8 th quiz? Will he still
be on the team?
a. Is the sequence arithmetic or geometric?
b. Write your solution and final answer

5. 5. Edgar is getting better at math. On his first quiz he scored 57 points, then he scores 61 and 65 on his next
two quizzes. If his scores continued to increase at the same rate, what will be his score on his 9 th quiz? Show all
10
work.
a. Is the sequence arithmetic or geometric?
b. Write your solution and final answer

6. 6.Suppose you drop a tennis ball from a height of 15 feet. After the ball hits the floor, it rebounds to 85% of its
previous height. How high will the ball rebound after its third bounce? Round to the nearest tenth.
a. Is the sequence arithmetic or geometric?
b. Write your solution and final answer

7. 7. Viola makes gift baskets for Valentine’s Day. She has 13 baskets left over from last year, and she plans to
make 12 more each day. If there are 15 work days until the day she begins to sell the baskets, how many
baskets will she have to sell?
a. Is the sequence arithmetic or geometric?
b. Write your solution and final answer

8. A house worth ₱ 350,000 when purchased was worth ₱ 335,000 after the first year and ₱ 320,000 after the
second year. If the economy does not pick up and this trend continues, what will be the value of the house after
6 years.
a. Is the sequence arithmetic or geometric?
b. Write your solution and final answer

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