Aroroy Municipal College

Aroroy, Masbate

LEARNING STYLES OF PARENTS

ENROLLED AT AROROY
MUNICIPAL COLLEGE

An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to

The Faculty of Aroroy Municipal
College Aroroy, Masbate

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Degree of Bachelor of Technical Vocational
Teacher Education Major in Civil
and Construction Technology

Florendo, Lea Mae L.

Redoble, Lyka Joy S.
Salubre, Judeth Grace B.
Verano, Jessica R

2021

APPROVAL SHEET
This thesis entitled “ LEARNING STYLES OF PARENTSENROLLED AT AROROY
MUNICIPAL COLLEGE ” (Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis, Aroroy Municipal College,
Aroroy, Masbate, 2021 ) prepared and submitted by Lea Mae L. Florendo, Lyka Joy S. Redoble,
Judeth Grace B. Salubre, and Jessica R. Verano in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
degree BACHELOR OF TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL TEACHER EDUCATION
(BTVTED) MAJOR IN CIVIL AND CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY, has been examined
and is recommended for acceptance and approved for ORAL EXAMINATION.

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree BACHELOR OF
TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL TEACHER EDUCATION (BTVTED) MAJOR IN CIVIL AND
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY.

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examnination with a rating of __________________

CERTIFICATION OF COMPLETION
This is to certify that the suggestions given by the Oral Examination Committee in the thesis
of Lea Mae L. Florendo, Lyka Joy S. Redoble, Judeth Grace B. Salubre, and Jessica R.
Verano entitled “ LEARNING STYLES OF PARENTSENROLLED AT AROROY
MUNICIPAL COLLEGE ” during the oral Defense were complied with.

Secretary
Oral Examination Committee

Reviewed and Approved:

ELIZABETH G. BARUELO Ed. D.

Dean, AMC

EDITOR’S CERTIFICATION
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

This is to certify that the manuscript entitled “ LEARNING STYLES OF

PARENTSENROLLED AT AROROY MUNICIPAL COLLEGE ”has been edited by the
undersigned.

Editor

DEDICATION
We, the student of BACHELOR OF TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL TEACHER

EDUCATION (BTVTED) MAJOR IN CIVIL AND CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

BACHELOR OF TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL TEACHER EDUCATION (BTVTED) MAJOR

IN CIVIL AND CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY, wholeheartedly dedicating this humble work

to our beloved parents who support and prayers. To our Dean, Dr. Elizabeth G. Baruelo ED. D.

who gives suggestions and guides us on what to include in this study. To Sir Jesus S. Huelva, an

emphatic thanks for your tireless support who always there for us. To our humble instructor Mark

Anthony D. Cos, MAEd for imparting your knowledge and taught us that we can do this tedious

work. At last, to our Almighty God that wisdom and enlighten our mind to finish this study. 

LM.L.F
LJ.S.R
JG.B.S
J.R.V
ACKNOWLWDGEMENT

It is a genuine pleasure to express our sincere appreciation and wholeheartedly gratitude

with love to those who helped in the realization of this study.

Special thanks to:

Mark Anthony D. Cos, MAEd our instructor for this subject for his valuable

guidance that serves as motivation when the time losing hope to make the final

output in making every chapter of the research study. And gave fruitful advice made

them resilient in whatever struggles we’ve encountered;

The Thesis Committee and Panel Members for sharing their expertise, advice,

knowledge, corrections, and suggestions for the improvement of this manuscript;

To the faculty and staff, as well as the students of Aroroy Municipal College for

being part of this research;

To our families, friends, and relatives for being supportive, perceiver, creative,

resourceful, and cooperative members; and

Above all the rest, to our Almighty God the strong pillar, source of inspiration,

wisdom, knowledge, and understanding. He has been the source of strength

throughout this research.

LM.L.F
LJ.S.R
JG.B.S
J.R.V
TABLE OF CONTENT

PAGE

PRELIMINARIES
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL SHEET i
CERTIFICATION OF COMPLETION ii
EDITOR’S CERTIFICATION iii
DEDICATION iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLES vii
LIST OF FIGURES viii
ABSTRACT ix

CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS

Introduction
Gap of The Study
Statement of The Problem
Hypothesis/ Assumption
Scope and Delimitation
Locale of The Study
Significance of The Study
Definition of Terms
Theoritical Framework
Conceptual Framework

CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design
Population
Sampling Technique
Respondents
Instrument Used
Data Gathering Procedure
Statistical Treatment of Data

CHAPTER 3 PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION, AND ANALYIS OF THE DATA

INCLUDING SUMMARY OF FINDING , CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

REFERENCES

APPENDICES
APPENDIX A Aprroved Letter Request
APPENDIX B Questionnaire Rating Scale
APPENDIX C Computation of Data

CURRICULUM VITAE
ABSTRACT

Title: Learning Styles of Parents Enrolled in Aroroy Municipal College

Researchers:

Florendo, Lea Mae L.

Redoble, Lyka Joy S.

Salubre, Judeth Grace B.

Verano, Jessica R.

Degree: Bachelor of Technical Vocational Teacher Education Major in Civil

and Construction Technology

School: Aroroy Municipal College

Date: December 2020

Insructor: Mark Anthony D. Cos, MAEd

CHAPTER 1

The Problem and its Background

Introduction

Individual learning style refers to style or learning methods used in the process of learning.

According to Jantan and Razali (2002), psychologically, learning style is the way the student

concentrate, and their method in processing and obtaining information, knowledge, or experience.

On the other hand, from the cognitive aspect, learning style can be referred to various methods in

perception creation and information processing to form concepts and principles (Fleming & Baume

2006). Lebar and Mansor (2000) states that, learning style refers to a preferred strategy and

technique utilized by individuals while studying. This involves individual’s tendency to perceive

and process information , not learning skills. Active learning activity is very important to the extent

that John Dewey, has admitted the importance of this principle by introducing the project method

(learning by doing) (Husin & Abdul Aziz 2003). Were the students interact with their environment

in order to adopt and learn.

This study entitled “Learning Styles of Parents Enrolled in Aroroy Municipal College”, to

identify which learning styles they differ. In the article of Metaphors from a behaviorist point of

view, learning is like a game of billiard. This games has many variables: balls of different colors in

different constellations, and we have to know how to aim, to push at the right place in order to send

it into the right direction. That is why education is essential for everyone. It has been recognized as

an important element in our development. Student’s difficulties in mastering knowledge have

resulted in various researches to overcome the problem. A study that was carried out by Fleming

and Baume (2006) shows that some learning style critics declare that by knowing individual
learning style, actually cannot help to improve learning. It means every students has his/her own

learnign styles and have differences in personality, perception, ability and intelligence.

This study provides a description of the lived experienced of parents. Parents experienced

juggling and struggling in their attempts to be both the mother they want to be and the student they

know they can be. Hence, parents are motivated and inspired at the same time. They are

strengthened with the presence of the people who support them in their journey and they have the

ability to manage and cope with the demands of being both a parent and a student. It suggest that

these parents studying experienced a challenging yet fulfilling dual role. Their lived experiences

can encourage and inspire other parent to pursue higher education.

Learning is like eating; it satisfies a necessity. The keys are to seek balance, feel a sense of

purpose in both roles, and stay determined. Having the determination to finish something that you

started can have a dramatic effect on your family and how they perceive their lives as well. It

showing that no matter what happens, if you stay determined, you can accomplish anything. They

enhance their ability and skills. According to Rahmat and Samsudin (2005), students should be

given the opportunity to study in distinctive situations and presentation methods until they are

capable to identify the most suitable technique and their own individual learning style. This is

because a correct and effective learning style can really help students to gain achievement in their

learning.

Ozdamlı and Ozdal (2014) stated that every individual needs lifelong learning for both their

occupational and individual needs; they also indicated that changing world conditions and

developing technology makes lifelong learning essential for all individuals. Students can maximize

their learning if they are aware of their own style. Knowledge of one’s own style will also help the

learner to learn in his/her way using his/her best strategies for learning. Knowing your learning

style can also increase your confidence and self-respect, which can help you achieve your personal

and professional objectives without doubting yourself or your abilities. Encountering some

discrimination is not a hindrance to stop their study instead of motivating and inspiring their self
just keep fighting, to achieve the goals and let the problems slip away. Some of the Parents can

surpass Millennials’' ability inside the school as long as they have courage, dedication, and

believing in themselves.

At last, today’s educational system had improved and caters to all ages without

discrimination and limitation and provides wider opportunities for all aspiring and determined

parents-students dedicated to their self, family, and community.

Theoritical Framework

This study was anchored in the theory all about parents learning style. This theory supports

our research and shows the Learning style of parents of Aroroy Municipal College.

People learn in different ways. And a learning style is a person’s preferred way of learning. Each of

us has a natural preference for the way in which we prefer to receive, process, and impart

information. Because people have preferred ways of learning, much research has went into

discovering the different styles. 

The Kolb Learning Style theory

Kolb’s learning theory defines four distinct learning styles. These learning styles can be

viewed on a continuum across two dimensions, based on how people perceive information (concrete

vs. abstract) and process information (active vs. reflective). Conversers, learners prefer to learn by

solving problems and doing technical tasks, and they are good at finding practical uses for ideas.

They like concepts and active experimentation. Divergers learners prefer to learn by

observation, brainstorming and gathering information. They are imaginative and sensitive. They like

practical experience and reflection. Assimilators learners prefer to learn by putting information in

concise logical order, and using reflective observation. They like abstract modeling and theoretical

reasoning. Accommodators learners prefer to take a practical, experiential approach.   They are
people-oriented, hands on learners, who rely on feelings more than logical analysis. They like

practical experience and active testing.

The Gregorc theory

Anthony Gregorc Model is based on brain hemisphere research. It is based on the existence

of perceptions, and falls on a continuum rather than being polar extremes. Concrete Sequential

learners prefer order, logical sequence, following directions, predictability getting facts, hands-on

activities, step-by-step instructions, and real life examples. Concrete random learners prefer

experimenting to find answers, taking risks, using their intuition, and solving problems

independently. Abstract Sequential  k learners prefer solitude, prefer well-organized material,

analyzing situations before making a decision or acting, and applying logic in solving or finding

solutions to problems. Abstract Random  learners prefer focusing on relationships and their

emotions, listening to others, bringing harmony to group situations, establishing healthy

relationships with others, focusing on the issues at hand.

Fleming’s VAK theory

Fleming’s VAK (Visual-Auditory-Kinesthetic) model is one of the most common and

widely-used categorizations of learning styles. The VAK model provides a simple way to explain

and understand learning styles. Fleming believed that there were three categories of

learner’s preferences. Visual learners prefer to learn by seeing. They think in pictures. They like

visual aids such as overhead slides, diagrams, and handouts. Auditory learners prefer to learn

through listening. They like lectures, discussions, and tapes. Kinesthetic  learners prefer to learn

through experience by moving, touching, and doing. They like active exploration of the world such

as science projects, building structures or models, and active experiments.

Felder-Silverman Learning Style theory

The Felder-Silverman Model examines specific areas of personality that contribute to

learning. They are active or reflective, sensing or intuitive, visual or verbal, inductive or deductive,

and sequential or global. A combination of these styles makes up the individuals learning

preferences. Sensing learners prefer concrete thinking, practical, concerned with facts and

procedures. Intuitive  learners prefer conceptual thinking, innovative, concerned with theories and

meanings. Visual  learners prefer visual representations, pictures, diagrams, and flow charts. Verbal 

learners prefer written and spoken explanations. Active learners prefer to try things out, working

with others in groups. Reflective  learners prefer thinking things through, working alone or with

familiar partner. Sequential learners prefer linear thinking, orderly, learns in small incremental

steps. Global  learners prefer holistic thinking, systems thinkers, learns in large leaps

Dunn and Dunn’s learning style theory

It leads to higher motivation and a greater intake of knowledge for the student.

Environmental refers to the immediate instructional environment. Does the student prefer to learn in

quiet, with music or noise? How much light doj they need? What temperature is the environment and

even the seating preference? Emotional attributes are related to the motivation, persistence and even

the responsibility of the student. Is the student willing to conform to the learning task or more

associated with non-conformity? What about patience and structure? Sociological influences impact

the social preferences of the learning environment. Is the student an independent or social learner?

Do they prefer to learn in pairs with peers or even in small groups? Students may even enjoy

working in a variety of these options. Physiological concerns how the student physically engages

their learning environment. What are their perceptual preferences (visual, audio, kinesthetic,

read/write)? What time of the day are they most effective as learners? Do they need to be moving to

learn? Hands-on learner? Or maybe they are a passive learner who simply prefers to observe.

Psychological, how the learner processes and responds to information and ideas is related to the
psychological influences. Are they detail oriented? Global oriented? Reflective? Of course, the Dunn

and Dunn Learning Styles possesses strengths and weaknesses.

The Researchers' Theory

The Kolb Learning Style theory

how people perceive information (concrete vs. abstract) and
process information (active vs. reflective).

The Gregorc theory

Concrete Sequential, Concrete Random, Abstract Sequential,
Abstract Random

Figure 1. Paradigm Fleming’s VAK theory

of the theoretical framework
Visual, auditory, kinesthetic

Felder-Silverman Learning Style theory

Active or reflective, sensing or intuitive, visual or verbal,
inductive or deductive, and sequential or global.

Dunn and Dunn’s learning style theory

Environmental, emotional, psychological, physiological,
sociological

Figure 1. Paradigm of the theoretical framework

Conceptual Framework
The conceptual mode that will be used in this research study is the input- process- output

model where it shows the series of boxes that are connected to each other.

Input Process Output

 Demographic profile of  Interview  To understand the

Learning Styles of
the respondents.  Questionnaires Parents Enrolled in
Aroroy Municipal
 Survey
 Age College.

 Gender  Identify and

recommend solution
 Year level / Courses for the problem
encountered of parents
 Status enrolled in Aroroy
Municipal College.
 Marital Status  Conclusion for the
subject matter of this
study.

Figure 1: Paradigm of the Study.

Statement of the Problem

The study aimed to determine thelearning styles of parents enrolled in Aroroy Municipal

College. Specifically, the researcher sought answer to the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of :

a. Age;

b. Sex;

c. Year level / Coursess;

d. Status;
2. What are the learning styles of parents enrolled in Aroroy Municipal College?

3. What suggestions will you give to help improve Learning style of parents?

Hypothesis of the Study

There are learning styles used by parents in Aroroy Municipal College.

Null Hypothesis

There are no learning styles used by parents in Aroroy Municipal College.

Assumption of the Study

After conducting the Research Identification of the learners the researcher assume that:

1. Parents have varied demographic profile in terms of age, sex, year level, course,

status and economic status.

2. There are learning style of parents of being a parent while studying at the same time.

3. The suggestion/recommendation of the respondent improves learning style of

parents.

Significance of the Study

The result of the study will be of great benefit to the following:

Respondents: The respondents will have an awareness of the learning style of parents.

Student: The study will provide the students some knowledge on learning style of parents.

Teachers: The study will helps the teaching provide encouragement to think of ideas that

will give proper teaching style to the parents.

Future researcher: The finding if the study will serve as a reference materials and a guide

for future researcher who wish to conduct the same experimental study or any study related

to parents learning style.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study compiled by the researcher started on 2020-2021 from 1st year- 4th-year parent-

students Bachelor of Technical Vocational Teacher Education major in Civil and Construction

Technology were the parents of Aroroy Municipal College concern of this research in realization,

significance, and effectiveness of learning styles of parents enrolled in Aroroy Municipal College.

The general intention of this study focused on ascertaining the learning style of parents

enrolled in Aroroy Municipal College and to know the quality and effect of being a parent and also

a student. Its purpose is to identify the common problem that they may encounter and help them to

understand how the learning style of being parents enrolled in Aroroy Municipal College. This

study considered all aspects of being a student at the same time a full-time parent.

Definition of Terms

Environment – refers to immediate instructional environment. Does the student prefer to learn

quite with music or noisy place.

Emotional- it is related to the motivation, responsibility/ conformity, task persistent, and structure.

Sociological- influence impact the Social preference of the learning environment. Is an student is an

independent or social learner student may even enjoy working in a variety of these options. Do they

prefer to learn in pairs, with peers or even in a small group.

Physiological- concern how the student physically engages their learning environment what are

their Perceptual preference like visual, audio, kinesthetic, read/write.

Psychological- how the learner process and respond to information and ideas related to

Psychological influence.

Learning Styles- Refers to parents preferred way of learning/ studying.

Result- Report about the finding of the research.

Survey- the collection of information from a sample of individuals through their responses to

questions.
CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

The review of literature and studies will establish the need for further research on the

parents learning style and strategies. This chapter will review the research and investigate specific

studies with parental engagement.

Foreign Literature

According to Goodwin & Huppatz, (2010) based on ‘’the traditional motherhood role''

combining motherhood and studying without compromising the activities 11

of either one is a great

dilemma for student mothers. When a woman must focus all her attention on her studies, her

behaviour may contrast with her traditional motherhood role. While discourse regarding the “good

mother” in any society, its definitions vary by society given the different experiences. Role

challenges cause women to abandon one role for the sake of the other. Myths, expectations, and

ideals available in the campus culture can influence this behaviour.

According to Zhang, (2011), challenges of motherhood in diverse cultures, Academic

activities are intertwined with challenging competitions. The motherhood responsibilities impose a

large burden on students’ 15. The academic community focuses mainly on success, development,

and never-ending competitions without providing any support.

According to William ET, al, (2006 )“ entitled “Students learning time” prejudice towards

student mothers and the labelling of them as non-productive stimulate” that avoidance behaviour
and a discriminatory allocation of educational resources to other students. Therefore, student

mothers avoid bringing their child with them or hide their parenting roles. From an academic’s

perspective, bringing a child indicates that the student mother does not have the required interest

and enthusiasm to take the required steps for scientific development

According to Garcia and Thornton (2014) current research shows that the

involvement of family in learning helps to improve student performance, reduce absenteeism

and restore parents' confidence in their children's education. Learners with parents or caregivers

who are involved in learners’ education, earn higher grades and test scores, have better social skills

and show improved behaviour. Which is something that we as a community and the world at large

are in need of, as it would highly contribute in reducing crime and poverty. Ideally it would help to

have a greater Percentage of parental involvement in their children’s education.

In summary, it is difficult to take concurring of caring child and dealing with hectic

schedule to do an activities . Therefore, to perform equal responsibility as a mother and student at

the same time they must learn in different ways. Have unique of their own learning style. To

manage their time and do the works. So that, it is become easy and manageable to them when it

comes between family and school.

Local Literature

According to Roxas, (07 July 2018) entitled “You are mom, Magazine Cruz”. Every man

and woman can fulfill their goals while also carrying out her role as a parents- students. Many

parents- students decide to complete their studies while also raising their children. The organization

and discipline which parents- students used as the essential to take advantage of the time to study

and attend classes. Willingness to make sacrifices, a lot of effort will be necessary along the way, a
task this large can be twice as rewarding once achieved, but it can count on family help at certain

times.

According to Fernando : Students – Mother, currently studying the problems encountered

and coping mechanisms of student-mothers in the division of Baguio City. These students usually

stop attending regular schools because of the demand of child-rearing. To help them finish their

studies, the Department of Education (DepEd) introduced the Alternative Learning System (ALS)

reducing the school time to fit the learners’ lifestyle. There is also the Open High School Program

(OHSP), a branch of ALS, which is more of modular-type of learning which these mothers can

enroll into just for them to complete high school. Despite these programs, I learned that these young

student-mothers still face daunting challenges.

According to Luis Mercado, Dr. Howard Gardner from Gardner’s Theory of Learning,

attempted to unravel the learning process further with his theory of multiple intelligences in 1983.

He challenged the notion of evaluating and describing intelligence based on IQ testing, asserting

that this was far too limiting. Furthermore, his proposal said that humans had a broader capacity to

learn based on various learning “modalities” or styles. Gardner identified several different learning

styles: visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, kinesthetic (physical), mathematical (logical), interpersonal

(social), and intrapersonal (solitary). Many educational curriculums have emerged over the last few

decades. These are designed to meet the needs of these different types of learners.

By Lain Callen Tina , MD, Understanding learning style . There are characteristics that

most people share when learning. Our brains are social tools. We learn best in a positive supportive

environment where fear and stress do not hamper learning. However, when it comes to learning

styles, we’re not all the same.

In summary, to finish your study is the paramount goal and significant for the future.

Especially in finding jobs to have a good settlement in life. So that, the young mother motivate to

pursue and to continue their study to finish their degree while caring children. Based on cited

above, being both a student and a mother is demanding according to them. Their preferred learning

style support their role as a mother and student to handle it wisely.

Foreign Studies

According to Wolf as cited in Adofo ( 2013 ), “Coping Strategies for the Parents- Students

Face for Struggles they go through while Studying”. Balancing parenthood and preparing for their

careers makes parents- students seriously rethink plans for the future “ attain higher levels of

education, researchers believe that differences parents- students in family and school functioning

have much to do with the outcome for the cognitive development and language improvement as

professionals. The “ good mother” ideal describes a level of perfection that is virtually unattainable

for all parents- students. Further, the concept of most. Americans accepts the way things are in

terms of stratification and classification is contradictory to what these parents- students are trying to

accomplish in their studies.

Oxford & Burry- stack (1995), Learning skills such as strategies for future use. When

taught about strategies of student mothers may use them effectively and even personalize these

strategies to fit their culturally driven learning style while being a mother and studying at the same

time. 3
It increases motivation by instilling confidence in their own learning ability and provide

them with specific type of method that can lead to successful learning. Engage in communicative

activities as active contributors instead of relying excessively on the teachers but preferred a

student- centered approach .

According to Zahra Behboodi Moghadam; Motherhood challenges and well-

being along with the studentship role among Iranian women: A qualitative study,  1The

management of maternal and family affairs by female students in universities where motherhood is

not supported is a challenge. The significance of mother-student roles must be emphasized and

support and education provided for women to gain skills useful in playing these roles. Policy

makers should devise strategies for bringing change to the traditional perspective that motherhood

and educational responsibilities cannot be met at the same time by one person.

Springer et Al, (2009) based on the existence of student mothers; raises concerns

about playing the roles of mother and student (White, 2008). A woman may enthusiastically

embrace the simultaneous roles of mother and student; however, undertaking these two roles, even

in ideal conditions, can pull one person in two directions. 25 A woman’s reproduction rights, such as

having the right to have children, are not considered equally as important as their education rights. 

In summary, parents face struggles and challenging for them both patenting and

studying. So that, by the support of learning strategies help parents to set the goal and manage time

to avoid procrastinating act. Always plan and schedule, but make sure that you include space in

your schedule for quality of time. Whether that's running or relaxing, it's so important to give

yourself a break every now and again. Studying and parenting are both super-challenging; doing

them at the same time is sometimes hectic. But it's all worth it in the end, and it's a great way to

demonstrate to your kids that you can achieve whatever you set your mind to, with good support

and a lot of hard work. 

Local Studies

According to Ledesma Papers, (2019), “Balancing the dual roles of student and mother”.

Student mothers would have to adopt coping strategies; changing the structural demand by sharing
roles, changing their own expectations about their roles, and working very hard to meet all

standards concerning their roles. Persuasion and needs that nobody better than they know the

capabilities, willpower, and circumstances that make this goal possible as being a mother and

studying at the same time.

According to Vicky Isonza from Intentionality in Parenting Styles of Parents and Student-

Facilitators' Reflections: A Hermeneutical-Deconstruction Analysis. Parents value a norm-based

rationality on discipline of children. In the deconstruction process unexpected events are laid bare.

This contributes an authentic learning opportunity for students to expand a social consciousness

that rouses the move for social action. Implications of a postmodern analytical approach to learning

intervention for parents, and the pedagogic method of reflective analysis and social action are

discussed.

Based on Belly Adam V. Jamisola stories of “Single Student-Mothers and Their Coping at

Home and at School.” Students who are single parents experienced greater pressure than most

students. Often most of them ended not being able to finish college at all. This paper studied the

coping mechanism of single parents. An in depth interview was used in gathering the data. It was

found that students who are single parents are able to cope with their responsibilities at home and at

school because of the help of their parents.

According to Joan Mae Manalog from the Students’ Learning Styles And Preferred

Teaching Styles Of College Freshmen. This study was conducted to determine students’ learning

styles and preferred effectve teaching styles of Bukidnon State University – Gingoog. This reveals

that there are many students who perceived that effective teaching should be student-centered.

Therefore, the teaching style of the instructor should match with the student’s learning style. Their

learning styles should be a guide for diversified teaching methods catering to the needs of the
students. Moreover, further studies should be conducted among the colleges and state universities

to develop a diversified learning compendium addressing the needs of the students.

In summary, parents must be good in time management and balancing act to the better

outcome of combining studies while raising children. As a student, you have a lot of freedom to

decide yourself how to use your time, which can be the perfect situation for some parents. it

develop learning behavior and discipline in consuming time and effort. So that learning style of an

adult centered in student approach is diverse, showing different learning strategies of what they

want to perform that they know it is necessary.

SYNTHESIS- OF- THE- ART

The series of studies and literature written by foreign and local authors in this chapter

discusses the concept and narrative detail of relevant information to study. Researcher on related

literature shown that the most effective study comes from blending different learning styles

together.

Foreign and local literature

A. Foreign literature

1. Motherhood role is hard work but we all knew a women is full of circle, within her is

the power to create, nurture and transform. It changed their traditional role varies in experience in

her surrounding. Because of that situation it can’t be denied to set aside their self journey for the

sake of happy family and value of time for study.

2. To believe that you can and will become successful eliminate the negative thoughts

and surround yourself with positive, empowering women who are truly walking their walk as the

path that they want obtain being responsible as a mother and a student.
3. Student couldn’t bring their child to school because they couldn’t focus and study

well while caring of them. That inspiring them more than anything even they scared of something

hearsay of others. So they don’t hold back from what could be their beautiful journey.

4. Parents who involved in school took advantages in term of performance of children.

It is become easy for them to teach and help their children doing an assignment and other activities

because if they did well in school as same when it comes in parenting. It restore parents learning

ability and confidence performing in school. And it helps to encourage children to study very well

as like their parent..

B. Local literature

1. Charting their path as a student – mother requires many things and proving thierself

just how amazing they can be. Pursuing dream just to finish studies and have a good job someday.

Because some women choose to follow men and some women choose to follow their dreams. And

if wondering which way to go, but remember career will never wake up cans tell you that it doesn’t

love you anymore.

2. One of the best learning lifestyle suited for student – mother by taking up Alternative

Learning System because it is more on modular type. Just to continue their studies facing some

challenges for improvements and determine for the successful career.

3. All of us are gifted with different learning ability in different student to meets it’s

learning objective. People are unique in their own learning style/ strategies to come up those

important study and to understand by their own learning style.

4. The understanding learning style of every student where possesses of this

characteristics are not all the same. Through its supportive environment as well as people

uniqueness on how to learn, study and to understand by their own as they know its really work for

them as parents.

Foreign and local studies

A. Foreign studies
1. To attain higher level of education must to think of especially the parent before they

go through that step. They may it be left behind the responsibility of being a mother for their

children and as a wife. So that coping this obstacles, they must need to practice the balancing act

where it can manage the time and handle it wisely.

2. Both active learning and passive learning used as strategies to learn in different ways

as learning skills such as strategies for future use.

3. It is significance to parent gain skills and knowledge for their future career. So that

educational responsibility even if it is not meet by one person must be motivated and determine to

achieve aiming goals and support it’s in study.

4. Education is a vital in life but playing two roles as student-parents facing unfair in

embracing vigor of the rights having children and educational rights. For them, to overcome this, as

taking two direction perceiving to rule it effectively and become as one as they really manage their

responsibility very well.

B. Local studies

1. Time management is the effective ways to use as to do with multitasking skills to

ensure the capability to do good work both in home and school.

2. It provide learning opportunity to social learning where parents involving in student

curriculum and the children learning style.

3. Single student-mothers can cope up at home and at school because of the support by

their parents.

4. The developments of diversified learning of students learning style and teaching style

of an instructor is important in learning-teaching.

GAP BRIDGED OF THE STUDY

The researcher review of related literature and studies has been made, it was observed that

the current studies were focused on the learning style and coping strategies. To determine the
motivation and outcome of Parents, the involvement to other people, and adjustment to

motherhood. The learning style and effectiveness when student understands their strengths with the

parental role and engagement.

Chapter III

Methodology

This chapter represents the methods used in Aroroy Municipal College. It also describes

the subject of the study. The instrument used a sampling technique used and the procedure of data

gathering.

Method of Research

The researcher made use of the descriptive survey method of research to present, analyze

and interpret the data gathered. This means that the descriptive research giving meaning in the

quality and starting fact that are going on. The data collected included various forms of survey and

questionnaires. It can be made by face to face interview conducted requires respondent to gathered
information within Aroroy Municipal College. It can’t be done by numeric only. This descriptive in

the sense that it determined the parents learning style.

Research Respondents

In this research, the possible respondents are those parents schooling in Aroroy Municipal

College during school year 2020-2021.

Sampling Technique used

In this study, the researcher used random sampling of all members of the chosen cluster is

then included in the study. In deriving sample. It uses a non-probability sample where not all

elements of the population have an equal chance of being selected because the researcher focused

on parents- students who studying in Aroroy Municipal College.

Research Instrument used

These are some instrument that the researcher used;

Survey form or Questionnaire – this will be used to asses the parents- student regarding

the study. It consist following items that it based on the study itself.

Personal Interview – this will be used to interview parents- students in Aroroy Municipal

College to gather enough information needed for the enhancement of the study.

Observation - by means of observation, it also help the study neither it is non- verbal or

verbal observation.

Validation of Instrument

The questionnaire was validated by two set of judges. The first was the instructor, his

suggestion, comment and recommendation were incorporated in the first revision of the instrument.

The revised instrument was submitted to the second set of judges who is are parents in AMC. A test
or measurement to check the questionnaire or surveys conducted are valid and determination,

whether the questionnaire is useful and relevant to the respondent. And finally the instrument was

assembled and printed for the dry run.

Procedure of Data gathering

The data were gathered through the use of survey questionnaires needed in the research.

The collecting of data was through self- administered questionnaire. The instructions are clear and

simple to be able to understand well by the respondent. The researcher personally distributed the

questionnaires among the selected parents- students of Aroroy Municipal College.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data gathered were subject to statistical treatment specifically through the following

measures: Frequency and percentage for the scholastic profile of parents of Aroroy Municipal

College in terms of age, sex, year level, course, and marital status.

Formula : P = R/N x 100 Where : P is the percentage

R is the number of respondent

N is the total of respondent

Weighted mean for the learning style of parents; and for the suggestion/recommendations

can give help to improve learning style of parents.

Formula: Mw = ΣPx / Σf

Where : ΣPx is the sum of the product of the weight

F is the frequency

X is the weight

Σf is the sum of frequencies

Scales:
For the learning style of parents and suggestion /recommendation of the parents respondent

in Aroroy Municipal College.

Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
Region V BICOL
Province of Nasbate
Local Government Unit of Aroroy
AROROY MUNICIPAL COLLEGE
Lubigan Hills, Barangay Ambolong, Aroroy, Masbate

Dear Respondent;

Greetings!

We, the researchers are currently conducting a study entitled “THE LEARNING STYLES
OF PARENTS ENROLLED IN AROROY MUNICIPAL COLLEGE”, in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for Technology Research 2.

In connection, we would like to request you to be one of our respondents in this study. If
you permit, please answer the questions below with honesty and sincerity. Rest assured that the
information you will be sharing will be treated with utmost confidentiality.

Thank you very much.

Sincerely,
The Researchers

QUESTIONNAIRE

Instruction: Put check of your best answer.

Part I
Name (optional): ____________________________ Sex: Status:
Course/ year level: ________________________ Male Married
Age: Female Single
16- 20 Separated
21- 25 Annulled
26- 30 Widowed
31- 35 Live- in
More than 35 Single Mother
Solo Parent
Part II

1. What are the learning styles did you use?

5 4 3 2 1
A. Environmental Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree Agree Agree Agree
I prefer a noisy environment while studying.
I prefer quite place while studying.
I prefer brightly lit place.
I prefer bright fluorescent or incandescent light
while studying.
I prefer dim light, or natural light while study-
ing.
I prefer studying in cooler or warm
environment.
I prefer to study at desks and chairs while
studying.
I more comfortable on a lounge chair, solid
high-back chair, lying on the floor or leaning
on a pillow while studying.
If others specify: __________________________________________________________________

5 4 3 2 1
B. Emotional Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree Agree Agree Agree
I need a lot of emotional support while
studying.

I persist in learning tasks.

I can assume personal responsibility.

If others specify: __________________________________________________________________

5 4 3 2 1
C. Sociological. Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree Agree Agree Agree

I learn best in pairs or working with

someone. 
I learn best with peers.

I learn best alone.

If others specify: __________________________________________________________________

5 4 3 2 1
D. Psysiological. Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree Agree Agree Agree

I learn best during hands on activities

I enjoy class discussion

I enjoy the discussions and talking

things through listening to others.

I remember things that I hear, rather

than things that I see or read.

I learn through verbal lectures,

discussions, and listening to what
others have to say.

I learn best when I am shown how to

do something, and I have the
opportunity to do it.

I always move my feet during review.

I stare, look around, and read silently.

I like to eat sweets while studying

I Study early in the morning.

I prefer moving around while
studying.
I prefer sitting while studying.
If others specify: __________________________________________________________________

5 4 3 2 1
E. Psychological Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree Agree Agree Agree
I speak with few gestures.

Plans ahead
I can recall peaple’s name

I prefers bright light while

studying
Verbal learner
Visual learner
Responds to the tone of voice
Impulsive
Recalls people’s faces.
Less punctual.
Prefers sound/music background
while studying.
Prefers frequent mobility while
studying.
I can remain open to others
suggestions,ideas, or approaches.
I can always try to improve and
practices my new skills.
I can ask others for feedback and
ask questions.
I can always look to gain new
knowledge.
I can think about my past
experinces and learn from them.
I can be responsible for my own
learning and take action with my
knowledge.
I read quickly without little
attention to detail.
I answer questions fast without
taking times.
I jump to conclusion easily.
I start answering the question
without reading the instruction.
If others specify: __________________________________________________________________

2. What suggestions will you give to help improve Learning style of parents?
5 4 3 2 1
Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree Agree Agree Agree
Take notes in class and review.

Manage your time properly.

Make a to- do list.

Instructors should expalin the

lesson clearly.

If others specify: __________________________________________________________________

Good luck!
And thank you for considering your involvement in this survey.

“ All of us have a right and privilege to educate. There is no age in education. It is universal and for
everyone.”
- Researcher -
-
Table 1. Age of the Respondents
AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
16-20 2
21-35 12
26-30 14
31-35 17
More than 35 3
Total

Table 1 shows the age of the respondents.

Table 2. Sex of the Respondents

GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Male
Female
Total

Table 2 shows the sex of the respondents. Out of 50 respondents, there are

Table 3. Status of the Respondents

STATUS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Married 25
Single 4
Separated 1
Annulled 0
Widowed 0
Live - in 13
Single Mother 3
Solo Parent 2

Table 4. Environment
Frequency
Mean Verbal
QUESTION Average interpretation
Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree (5) (4) Agree (3) Agree Agree
(2) (1)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Table 5. Emotional
Frequency
Mean Verbal
QUESTION Average interpretation
Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree (5) (4) Agree (3) Agree Agree
(2) (1)
1
2
3

Table 6. Sociological

Frequency
Mean Verbal
QUESTION Average interpretation
Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree (5) (4) Agree (3) Agree Agree
(2) (1)
1
2
3

Table 7. Physiological
Frequency
Mean Verbal
QUESTION Average interpretation
Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree (5) (4) Agree (3) Agree Agree
(2) (1)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Table 8. Psychological
Frequency
Mean Verbal
QUESTION Average interpretation
Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree (5) (4) Agree (3) Agree Agree
(2) (1)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

Table 9. Suggestions
Frequency
Mean Verbal
QUESTION Average interpretation
Strongly Agree Moderately Less Not
Agree (5) (4) Agree (3) Agree Agree
(2) (1)
1
2
3
4