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ANSWER KEY SECTION B: VOCABULARY

UNIT TEST 1 3
1 detached 2 desirable 3 comparatively
4 pollution 5 traffic 6 urban 7 issues 8 recycling
SECTION A: GRAMMAR 9 friendly 10 deliberately 11 normally 12 fossil
1 13 abandoned 14 mindless 15 apartment
1 is researching 2 is focusing/is focussing 3 affect
4 are changing 5 was working 6 was observing SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS
7 realised 8 was having/had
4
2 1 way 2 interested 3 point 4 absolutely/completely/
1 Have you ever interrupted 2 did that happen totally 5 doubt
3 was listening 4 did/was doing 5 did you say
6 Did she stop 7 has never learned/has never learnt/ 6
will never learn/will never learn 1c 2f 3b 4e 5a

SECTION B: VOCABULARY
UNIT TEST 3
3
1 louder 2 thinks 3 straight 4 wavelength 5 quick SECTION A: GRAMMAR
6 hear 7 word
1
4 1 the 2– 3– 4 the 5 the 6– 7 the 8 the
1b 2c 3a 4d 5c 6a 7b 8d 9 the 10 –

2
SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS 1 many 2 few 3 Hardly 4 Almost 5 little
5
1 unable 2 attached 3 apologise/apologize SECTION B: VOCABULARY
4 hesitate 5 sincerely
3
6 1 confidence 2 discipline 3 control 4 calm/courtesy
a, b, d, i, j (in any order) 5 courtesy/calm 6 stamina 7 intensity 8 sacrifices

4
1 ball 2 goalposts 3 level 4 rolling 5 eye 6 own
UNIT TEST 2 7 game

SECTION A: GRAMMAR
SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS
1
1 have lived/have been living 2 has been melting 5
3 have put/have been putting 4 have appeared/have 1 greatest 2 far 3 truly 4 What is extraordinary
been appearing 5 has completely disappeared 5 most
6 has been flooding/has flooded 7 have tried
8 have been helping 6
a, e, g, h, j (in any order)
2
1 tell me how much sea levels have risen 2 ask you
where the information comes 3 to know if there are
any 4 know if the volunteers have arrived
5 wondering who I have to 6 know when the
presentation starts 7 tell me why governments aren’t
doing more

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UNIT TEST 4 SECTION B: VOCABULARY

SECTION A: GRAMMAR 3
1c 2a 3d 4b 5d 6c
1
1 are you going to do 2 both 3 we’ll be sitting 4
4 you’ll be studying 5 he’ll be giving 6 I am going 1 fogbound 2 closures 3 tailbacks 4 congestion
to do/I will be doing 7 I’ll be thinking 5 traffic 6 speed 7 signalling 8 Platform
9 Engineering
2
1 will have finished 2 will have visited 3 won’t be
4 will have been 5 will make 6 will happen/will have SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS
happened 7 won’t have 8 will have changed/will 5
change
1 in comparison 2 far 3 whereas 4 Similarly
5 However 6 while 7 far fewer 8 way 9 overall
SECTION B: VOCABULARY 10 more and more

3
1c 2d 3b 4c 5d 6b 7a
UNIT TEST 6
4
1 about 2 on 3 with 4 from 5 about 6 in
SECTION A: GRAMMAR
7 from 8 from 1
1 had been sitting/was sitting/sat/had sat
SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS 2 stopped 3 had been living/had lived 4 had become
5 was contemplating/had been contemplating
5 6 loomed 7 saw 8 was staring 9 became 10 had/
1 It is vital that you find out 2 You should check heard/heard 11 left/had left/was leaving
3 It is advisable not to try to solve 4 It is a good idea to
spend time 2
1 wasn’t used to 2 used to 3 would 4 Did you use to
6
1 rapidly 2 breakthroughs 3 material 4 research 5
artificially 6 revolutionise
SECTION B: VOCABULARY
3
1c 2d 3c 4a 5b 6d 7a 8c 9b 10 c
UNIT TEST 5
4
SECTION A: GRAMMAR 1 put it down 2 get into it 3 real page-turner
4 my kind of thing 5 lived up to
1
1 might 2 won’t be able 3 be able 4 I’ll be able to
5 have to 6 be able 7 need to 8 might not SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS
2 5
1 F 2 NG 3T 4T 5T 6 NG 7T 8F 9 NG
1 couldn’t 2 weren’t able 3 succeeded in 4 had to
10 T
5 managed 6 were able 7 could

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MID-COURSE ASSESSMENT (UNITS 1–6) their views have not changed much over the decade,
whereas nearly two thirds of them believe we need to
SECTION A: LISTENING find alternative energy sources compared with only a
third ten years ago.
1 With regard to nuclear energy, a quarter of the younger
1T 2F 3T 4T 5F 6T 7F 8T 9F 10 T and older groups were in favour of it, a slight increase
compared with ten years ago. Just over a third of 30–
2 50-year-olds thought it would be a good idea, slightly
a, d, f, g, i (in any order) fewer then previously. From the information given,
wind farms seem to be seen more favourably, with
around half of those from each age group
SECTION B: READING questioned agreeing they were in favour of them. For the
other groups, this is quite a bit more than ten years ago,
3 when 30 percent of younger people agreed and only a
1b 2c 3c 4d 5b 6a 7b 8c quarter of over 50s.
Overall, it seems that people are more aware of and
4 more concerned about environmental issues than
1 D 2B 3C 4B 5D 6A 7C they were a decade ago.

SECTION C: LANGUAGE
UNIT TEST 7
5
1 has changed/has been changing 2 seemed/had SECTION A: GRAMMAR
seemed 3 has been growing/has grown 4 are still
depleting 5 inhabit(s) 6 are melting/have been 1
melting 7 will continue/continue 8 will we 1 was established 2 were undertaken/had been
have been/will we be undertaken 3 were chosen 4 was installed
5 is pumped 6 is known 7 are divided 8 is provided
6 9 has been made
1 would 2 had 3 the 4 a 5 all 6 It 7 hardly
2
7 1 are still being built 2 will be finished 3 was being done
1b 2c 3a 4d 5b 6d 7d 4 have been sent 5 is to be claimed 6 will be sent

8
1 made 2 goalposts 3 from 4 lucrative 5 tailback
SECTION B: VOCABULARY
6 emissions 7 scale 8 cared 3
1b 2b 3d 4d 5b 6a 7b 8c 9c 10 d
SECTION D: WRITING
4
9 Sample answer 1 indisputable 2 revitalised 3 overcome
The two tables show changes over a ten-year period 4 insensitive 5 misplaced
of how different age groups feel about energy
resources and the environment.
Ten years ago, the majority of people between 18 and
30 agreed climate change was due to human activity
and that alternative energy sources had to be found, and
ten years later, the figures had hardly changed.
People aged between 30 and 50 were less likely to
accept that human activity was the cause of climate
change, with just less than half agreeing, whereas ten
years ago, only 15 percent accepted it. On the other
hand, the large majority of them agree that alternative
energy sources have to be found and this has increased
over the ten years. Around a third of over 50s currently
accept human activity has caused climate change and
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SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS UNIT TEST 9

5
1 its 2 his 3 he 4 his 5 which 6 He 7 which
SECTION A: GRAMMAR
8 where 9 which 10 It 1
1 very 2 a little 3 pretty 4 absolutely 5 absolutely
6 really 7 completely 8 totally
UNIT TEST 8
2
SECTION A: GRAMMAR 1 have often been seen visiting their old art college
2 has lived in the Bahamas for years 3 very quickly
1 puts the first layer of paint on/puts the first layer of paint
1 to be 2 to meet 3 telling 4 questioning on very quickly 4 frequently have cultural exhibitions
5 relocating 6 taking 7 paying in the city 5 work has been strongly influenced by
other modern artists 6 mainly does enormous abstract
2 metal sculptures/does mainly enormous abstract metal
1 to get my house redecorated 2 are having the sculptures/has definitely earned millions from his
documents sent 3 had the contract checked 4 had incredible sculptures
her laptop stolen 5 got the new building designed
6 get the jeans made 7 was having her hair cut
8 got the machines serviced
SECTION B: VOCABULARY
3
SECTION B: VOCABULARY 1 critical 2 dismissive 3 picturesque 4 gripping
5 absurd 6 unexpected 7 painfully 8 heavily
3
1 adaptability 2 edge 3 Dynamics 4 sensitivity 4
5 profound 6 mindset 7 pushing 1 amazing shiny stainless-steel 2 exquisite
impressionistic Monet 3 large rectangular marble
4 4 varnished wooden African 5 brilliant new best-
1 greed 2 markets 3 resources 4 labour 5 selling romantic 6 unusual ancient stone 7
choice strange original metal
6 interest 7 trade 8 footprint
SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS
SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS 5
5 1C 2A 3C 4B 5A 6C 7A 8B 9C
1 ask 2 specific 3 come in 4 mean 5 saying 10 B
6 issue

6a UNIT TEST 10
c
SECTION A: GRAMMAR
6b
1T 2F 3 NG 1
1 with whom 2 which/that 3 whose 4 which/that
5 who/that 6 which 7 about which 8 who/that

2
1 causing anger in the department 2 caused by his
actions 3 developed in the 1950s 4 containing all the
documents 5 hidden in the safe 6 giving a talk 7
described as very dangerous

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SECTION B: VOCABULARY SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS

3 5
1 out of 2 out 3 up 4 peace 5 put 6 used to 1 in order to 2 provided that 3 Therefore
7 made 4 In addition 5 Similarly 6 On the contrary

4 6
1 saviour/savior 2 approval 3 diplomacy 1T 2T 3 NG 4F
4 knowledgeable 5 authoritative/authoritarian
6 refusal 7 continuity/continuation 8
behaviour/ behavior
UNIT TEST 12
SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS SECTION A: GRAMMAR
5 1
1b 2i 3 d/j 4g 5 d/j 6a 7f 8e 9h 10 1 Would you be 2 wouldn’t have 3 runs
c 4 would have studied 5 would be 6 had bought
7 hadn’t been driving 8 would you change
9 would it be 10 think
UNIT TEST 11 2
1 Supposing 2 provided 3 as long 4 Unless 5 If
SECTION A: GRAMMAR
1
SECTION B: VOCABULARY
1 that she loved/had loved studying in Madrid but (that)
she is 2 (that) they met/had met some lovely people 3
when they 3 (that) he was living/had been living with a 1 device 2 gadgets 3 appliances 4 equipment
host family when he 4 (that) he wishes he could have 5 cutting 6 lasting 7 machines 8 apparatus
stayed 5 (that) they often visit 6 (that) she is looking 9 close
for a job 7 (that) she hasn’t seen/hadn’t seen them
4
2 1 mistrust 2 inaccurate 3 dislike 4 inefficient
1 denied saying anything 2 considered asking his 5 insensitive 6 inequality
parents 3 invited Jo to/to come to 4 apologised for
not being able to help 5 regretted not taking
6 admitted making 7 promised that she would never SECTION C: INTEGRATED SKILLS
be 8 warned me not to tell anyone
5a
b
SECTION B: VOCABULARY
3 5b
1 proud 2 enthusiastic 3 benefit 4 unable
1 rituals 2 cuisine 3 hostile 4 heritage
5 reduced 6 overweight 7 improved 8 substantial
5 intriguing 6 etiquette
9 signs
4
1 multicultural 2 tolerance 3 admittance
4 hostilities 5 valuable 6 sociology 7 postwar
8 misunderstanding 9 reliable

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END-OF-COURSE ASSESSMENT SECTION D: WRITING

(UNITS 7–12)
9 Sample answer
SECTION A: LISTENING There is no doubt that modern technology has
developed at an incredibly fast rate over the past few
1 years. Nearly everyone worldwide now has access to
1–3 a, c, f (in any order) modern technical devices and this must affect the way
we behave and interact with others, but is the effect
4–5 b, d (in any order) 6– negative or positive? This essay discusses the
7 c, e (in any order) arguments and considers whether, on balance, it is
only having a negative effect on our behaviour.
2 There are many advantages; for example, technology
1 supermarkets 2 price/quantity 3 frost(s) allows us to keep in touch with families and friends
4 budget 5 tourism 6 infrastructure 7 towns wherever we are in the world. With the internet, we
8 chemicals can research any subject, which can greatly help
students with their studies. With regard to the economy,
businesses can work more efficiently with computerised
SECTION B: READING stocks and production systems, which, in turn, allow
3 them to cut costs and stay competitive. Furthermore,
amazing medical and scientific advances have been
1c 2h 3a 4g 5f 6b 7d
made as scientists and doctors share their knowledge
and ideas. As a result, people are spending more time
4 sitting in front of screens and have had to learn new,
1 thought 2 naive 3 customs 4 embracing useful skills.
5 attempt 6 individuality 7 experience 8 benefit
On the other hand, we see young people and their
families only communicating via Facebook, email and
SECTION C: LANGUAGE so on. No longer are there conversations around a
dinner table because everyone is looking at their
5 mobile phone or tablet. We also expect everything to
1 had 2 to 3 have 4 when 5 was 6 which happen immediately and become impatient if devices
7 where are not operating properly. Another negative effect of
this kind of communication is that it allows people to
6 bully each other and to say unkind things because
1c 2a 3d 4a 5d 6a 7d they cannot be seen. Children can also become easily
addicted to the games they play and may get angry or
7 withdrawn if they are not allowed to use their devices
or lose them.
1 apologised for not coming 2 causing me to get
3 promised (that) they would help me 4 wouldn’t have Although society has undoubtedly gained huge
said anything if 5 can’t go to Australia unless benefits from technhology, on balance, I would say
6 denied taking/having taken 7 forgot to lock the door that the technological revolution has had a negative
8 remember meeting her/having met her effect on society. There is less personal interaction
and we feel safer lying or being rude to people when
8 we do not have them directly in front of us. So
perhaps we need to be aware of the negative impact
1 diplomacy 2 stereotyped 3 keep 4 consensus and try to minimise it, while taking advantage of all the
5 conscientious 6 insensitive 7 take 8 refused benefits it can offer.

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