"You can lead a …………… to water, but you can't make him drink.

"

PRACTICE 01
Confusing words:
Adverse/ averse a. The jury made an __________decision, so he was hanged.
b. An anorexic is ___________ to food.
Allusion/ delusion/ illusion a. That poor man is under the ________ that he is Hitler.
b. I am not familiar enough with mythology to understand all the _________s to it in this poem.
c. A good painter can give you the _____________ of broad space in his works.
Complement/ compliment
a. I must ________ you on the choice of flowers for the party.
b. They are just the right flowers to _______the table setting.
Council/ counsel
a. The ________ ‘s advice to the president is to raise taxes.
b. The group was famous for its good ___________.
Elicit/ illicit The detective attempted to ________information about the ________drug ring.
Explicit/ implicit
a. The manual gives _________instructions on how to repair a bicycle.
b. There was definitely an ________ threat in the way he glared at her
Ingenious/ ingenuous
a. An ___________ high school student invented a video game.
b. Katy is so __________ she will believe anything you tell her.
Infer/ imply
a. I _______ from what you just said that the engagement is over.
b. Did you mean to _______ that you don’t love me anymore?

WORD FORMATION 1 Northern Ireland

For thirty years Belfast, the capital city of Northern Ireland, was divided, torn by (01) .......... riots, blasted by car
bombs, patrolled by armoured cars. A whole (2) .......... grew up in the city knowing nothing else but what the
Irish (3) .......... call "the troubles". The place suffered not only from violence, but from poverty, low (4) ..........,
lack of incentive, and lack of a future.

The young complained of (5) .......... by the police and security forces. But the (6) .......... by terrorists, Catholic or
Protestant, could be much worse. The example is given of one 15-year-old Catholic boy with 85 offences behind
him. He fled from Northern Ireland after being told that the IRA was waiting at his home. Six cushions had been
laid out in his sitting room in(7) .......... for a (8) .......... shooting - elbows, knees and ankles. This was a country
where the concepts of law and order no longer had any meaning.
1. SECT ......................2. GENERATE ......................3. EUPHEMISM ......................4. EXPECT ......................
5. VICTIM ......................6. HARASS ......................7. PREPARE ...................... 8. PUNISH ......................
WORD FORMATION 2
9. Now surely our ___ government must go. CREDIT
10. I’ve had a very sheltered upbringing , so this has really been an ____________. EYE
11. But the level of social welfare was so high that poverty was ___ . THINK
12. The government is noted for its ___________ drugs policy.. COMPROMISE
13. In that case, young lady, you would have my undying ___ . GRATEFUL
14. The economies of Western Europe and Japan experienced ___ growth. PRECEDE
15. Which women do you ___ about?FANTASY
16. For some _______ reason, she chose that moment to break the news. EXPLAIN
17. And he accepts that he set out on the lonely road to ___ too early in life. STAR
PHRASAL VERBS/ PREPOSITIONS Fill each blank with one suitable preposition/ particle
1. The exhaust fumes from the cars were so strong that Sherry passed ……….
2. When they offered me that job in Miami, I immediately accepted. There was no way I was going to pass ……
the opportunity to move to Florida.
3. The police are going to look …….. the recent robberies ….. the neighborhood. Hopefully, they will find the
thief.
4. While you are hiking ….. the forest, you need to look ….. for rattlesnakes. They are often lying …… the trails.

5. Although Sam wanted to keep the bag of money he found in the bus station, he knew he should turn it ……..
to the authorities.
6. Did you see that news report about the hikers who were lost in the mountains for more than a week? I couldn't
believe everything they went ……….. Their story was absolutely incredible.
7. Jerry really struggled to keep his business going. But after months ….. any customers, it finally went ……...
8. I momentarily lost my cell phone connection when the train passed ………. the tunnel.
9. My grandfather lived a very long and active life. He didn't pass …….. until he was 107 years old.
10. She always looks ………. on people who don't agree with her. I think she is very arrogant.
11. My parents are not ………. good terms so we tried to patch things ……...
12. I wanted to hold the meeting today, but ……. the light of the changed circumstances it had better be
postponed.
13. Aside …….the Joneses, I don’t know anybody in the village.
14. She did this volunteer work …… her own free will.
15. ……the face of great hardship, she managed to keep her sense of humour.
MULTIPLE CHOICES
1 I was disappointed when I saw the film. It was a real _______ .
A let-down B breakdown C turnout D dropout
2 We al1 wish you luck as _______ on a new career.
A move B alight C embark D board
3 It's obvious that most of the trainees are still at _______ . when it comes to procedures.
A conflict B odds C trouble D probation
4. When all's _______ , he's only a kid.
A say and do B said and made C said and done D done and said
5 I'm not sure how we can get the main thrust of our message _______ to a few million people.
A on B across C through D off
6 We are in two minds as to how to _______ with these latest problems.
A settle B tackle C deal D handle
7 I don't think anything would _______ me to leave this house.
A induce B prevail C entail D instigate
8 Contributions to the charity are beginning to _______ up.
A end B finish C peter D dry
9 What if the committee take _______ with you on the expenses calculations?
A odds B exception C issue D umbrage
10. He was prepared to announce the news to al1 and _______ .
A remainders B odds C sundry D select
11. It was the collapse of the dotcom boom that finally did _______ him.
A out B for C off D with `
12. He escaped by _______
A the hair's breadth B the breadth of a hair C a breadth of a hair D a hair's breadth
13. If you can win his attention _______ for you.
A the better so much B so much the better C the so much better D so the much better
14. In such a plight _______ that we had no choice but to radio for help.
A we ourselves found B did we find ourselves C we found ourselves D did we ourselves find
15. _______ with being so busy both at work and at home, she became increasingly tired and bad-
tempered.
A Where B Which C How D What
16. Capital punishment was done _______ in Britain nearly half a century ago.
A off by B away with C out for D over from
17. _______ you to change your mind about handing in your notice, we would be happy for you to stay
with us.
A Should B Unless C Were D If
18. I take great exception _______ the implication that I was not telling the truth.
A against B to C from D with
19. You'd rather stay at home tonight, _______you?
A wouldn't B didn't C hadn't D won't
20. He crept in _______ his parents should wake up.
A lest B otherwise C whereby D unless
Error Identification
1. Draft horses are the tallest, most powerful and heavy group of horses.
2. Actor teacher Stella Adler played a vital role in the development of the Method Schooling of Acting.
3. Before diamonds can be used as jewels, they must be cut and polish.
4. Of all mammals, dolphins are undoubtedly between the friendliest to humans.
5. Working all night long, Jim felt extreme hungry and just wanted to have a sandwich.
6. Harmony, melody and rhythm are important elements in mostly forms of music.
7. Medical students must learn both the theory and the practice of medicines.
8. Archeological sites sometimes are revealed when the construction of roads and buildings.
9. Yolanda ran over to me and breathless informed the failure of our team.
10. All root vegetables grow underground, and not all vegetables that grow underground are roots.
For questions 1-15 read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space.
Men and women are often considered to be completely at odds with each other, in terms (1) ……………. their
attitudes and behaviour. Not so when they are in love, new research has discovered. As far as their hormone
levels are (2) …………………. , when men and women are in love, they are more similar to each other (3)
……………………… at any other time.
It has (4) …………… been known that love can (5) …………… havoc with hormone levels. For example the
hormone cortisol, (6) ………… is known for its calming effect on the body, dips dramatically when one person
is attracted to (7) …………… , putting the love-struck on a par with sufferers of obsessive compulsive disorder.
But a new study has found that the hormone testosterone, commonly associated with male aggression, also falls
when he is in love. In women, it's quite the (8) ……………….. . Testosterone levels, which (9) ………….. to
be lower among females, rise towards (10) …………….. of the male.
Donatella Marazziti of the University of Pisa, Italy, (11) ……… this down to nature attempting to eliminate the
differences between the sexes. (12) ……… doing so, they can concentrate fully (13) ………… reproduction.
This suggestion seems to be supported by the fact that (14) …………… couples in a long (15) ……………….
relationship, nor participants in the study who were single at the time of the experiment, exhibited such changes.
For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
The game of tennis has until considerably recently always been a well-mannered affair in which even when a
player was 1. _______ a beating, he or she would have such amazing 2. _______ of self-restraint that they could
not even be heard 3. ______ under their breath. It was an unwritten rule that when a tennis player 4. ________
into the limelight of a professional competition, they would from then on
5. _______ their composure at all times and would under no circumstances 6. _______ a decision made by the
umpire. While footballers were free to 7. ______ their anger on referees, sometimes for the smallest of reasons, it
was simply unimaginable that a professional tennis star would ever 8. _____ up a fuss.

This of course has all changed. In the eighties, a succession of tennis stars with 9. ______ names began to
challenge the meek image of professional tennis on a regular 10. ______. And these players were not merely
satisfied to 11. ________ a bit of a moan, once in a while, about an umpire's controversial decision. On the
contrary, games would frequently come to a complete halt for several minutes at a time, while voices were
12. _______ and colourful, even obscene language could be heard going back and forth, in the genteel
surroundings of a lawn tennis championship.
A B C D
1. undergoing getting receiving taking
2. residues conserves stores reserves
3. muttering stuttering bumbling mumbling
4. walked wandered stepped paced
5. retain attain maintain contain
6. disagree refute contest disdain
7. vent outpour shed emit
8. knock kick raise make
9. racy starry catchy showy
10. interval occurrence clockwork basis
11. give make do have
12. raised loudened prolonged enlarged
READING

THOSE DANGEROUS WAVES

These huge waves wreak terrific damage when they crash on the shores of distant lands or continents. Under a
perfectly sunny sky and from an apparently calm sea, a wall of water may break twenty or thirty feet high over
beaches and waterfronts, crushing houses and drowning unsuspecting residents and bathers in its path.

How are these waves formed? When a submarine earthquake occurs, it is likely to set up a tremendous amount of
shock, disturbing the quiet waters of the deep ocean. This disturbance travels to the surface and forms a huge
swell in the ocean many miles across. It rolls outward in all directions, and the water lowers in the center as
another swell looms up. Thus, a series of concentric swells are formed similar to those made when a coin or
small pebble is dropped into a basin of water. The big difference is in the size. Each of the concentric rings of
basin water traveling out toward the edge is only about an inch across and less than a quarter of an inch high. The
swells in the ocean are sometimes nearly a mile wide and rise to several multiples of ten feet in height.

Many of us have heard about these waves, often referred to by their Japanese name of "tsunami." For ages they
have been dreaded in the Pacific, as no shore has been free from them. An underwater earthquake in the Aleutian
Islands could start a swell that would break along the shores and cause severe damage in the southern part of
Chile in South America. These waves travel hundreds of miles an hour, and one can understand how they would
crash as violent breakers when caused to drag in the shallow waters of a coast.

Nothing was done about tsunamis until after World War II. In 1947 a particularly bad submarine earthquake took
place south of the Aleutian Islands. A few hours later, people bathing in the sun along the quiet shores of Hawaii
were dashed to death and shore-line property became a mass of shambles because a series of monstrous, breaking
swells crashed along the shore and drove far inland. Hundreds of lives were lost in this catastrophe, and millions
upon millions of dollars' worth of damage was done.

Hawaii (at that time a territory) and other Pacific areas then asked the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey to attempt
to forecast these killer waves. With the blessing of the government, the Coast and Geodetic Survey initiated a
program in 1948 known as the Seismic Sea Wave Warning System, using the earthquake-monitoring facilities of
the agency, together with the world seismological data center, to locate submarine earthquakes as soon as they
might occur. With this information they could then tell how severe a submarine earthquake was and could set up
a tracking chart, with the center over the area of the earthquake, which would show by concentric time belts the
rate of travel of the resulting wave. This system would indicate when and where, along the shores of the Pacific,
the swells caused by the submarine earthquakes would strike.

1. One surprising aspect of the waves discussed in the passage is the fact that they...
A. are formed in concentric patterns B. often strike during clear weather
C. arise under conditions of cold temperature D. may be forecast scientifically2. The waves discussed in
the passage often strike...
A. along the coasts of the Aleutian Islands
B. in regions outside the area monitored by the Coast and Geodetic Survey
C. at great distances from their place or origin D. at the same time as the occurrence of earthquakes
3. It is believed that the waves are caused by...
A. seismic changes B. concentric time belts C. atmospheric conditions D. underwater earthquakes
4. The normal maximum width of the waves is approximately...
A. five feet B. ten feet C. one mile D. thirty miles5. The
U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey set up a program to:
I. Prevent submarine earthquakes II. Locate submarine earthquakes
III. Determine the severity of submarine earthquakes
A. I, II, and III B. III only C. I and II only D. II and III only
6. Nothing was done about the waves until...
A. deaths occurred B. the outbreak of World War II
C. millions of dollars' worth of damage was incurred in Hawaii D. large areas in Chile were devastated
7. The movement of the waves has been measured at a speed of...
A. 30 miles an hour B. 40 miles an hour C. 100 miles an hour D. more than a hundred miles an
hour8. According to the passage, the waves occur most frequently in the area of...
A. the Eastern U.S. seaboard B. the Pacific C. Argentina D. Western Europe
9. Given present wave-tracking systems, scientists can forecast all of the following "except"...
A. the severity of underwater earthquakes B. the wave's rate of travel
C. when where a wave will strike D. the height of the wave
Rewrite:
1. The boy wasn't allowed to have any friends, so he became an introvert.
Deprived .............................................................................................................
2. I read about the closure of the factory only yesterday.
It .........................................................................................................................
3. I believe the company may well make a profit this year.
I wouldn’t be ......................................................................................................
4. I wasn't surprised when they refused to pay me.
As I .....................................................................................................................
5. It probably takes at least six hours to drive to Glasgow from here.
It's .......................................................................................................................
6. They estimated the price, including all the costs.
Taking ................................................................................................................
7. He always chairs the meeting because he is the managing director.
As........................................................................................................................
8. It was such an appalling sight that we reeled back in horror.
So .......................................................................................................................
9. We like pasta very much but we don't have it every day.
Much .................................................................................................................
10. It's impossible that we stayed at the same hotel, in that case.
We ................................................................................................................