SKYSCRAPER- JIN MAO TOWER, SHANGHAI, CHINA -BY KSHIPRA SHAH
PILLAI HOC COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
LOCATION- 88 CENTURY AVENUE
PUDONG DISTRICT, SHANGHAI 200121, CHINA
ZONE- 88 CENTURY AVENUE PUDONG
DISTRICT, SHANGHAI 200121, CHINA
PLOT AREA-
2
24,000 M (260,000 SQ FT)
DESIGNED BY-
AMERICAN ARCHITECTURAL FIRM OF
SKIDMORE, OWINGS & MERRILL EVOKES ELEMENTS OF
TRADITIONAL CHINESE
COST- ARCHITECTURE
US$530 MILLION. WHEN COMPLETED IN 1999, JIN MAO TOWER
WAS THE TALLEST BUILDING IN CHINA AND
HEIGHT: A SYMBOL OF SHANGHAI'S ASCENDANCY AS
420.5 METERS (1,380 FEET) THE "HEAD OF THE DRAGON," AS
PROCLAIMED BY THE COMMUNIST LEADER
THE BUILDING RESEMBLES A EVOLUTION OF
AND REFORMER DENG XIAOPING. AT 1380
PAGODA, THE JINMAO FOLLOWS A FEET (421M), THE TOWER IS 130 FEET CONCEPT-
MULTI-USE MODEL. TALLER THAN THE EMPIRE STATE BUILDING.
ITS 88 STORIES REFLECT THE SYMBOLIC WITH ITS POSTMODERN FORM,
IT OFFERS RETAIL SHOPPING AT "LUCKY EIGHTS" THAT SIGNIFY EVOKES THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE
ITS BASE, OFFICES ABOVE, AND PROSPERITY. BUILT AROUND AN OCTAGONAL TRADITIONAL CHINESE PAGODA
THE GRAND HYATT HOTEL CONCRETE CORE SURROUNDED BY EIGHT STAGGERED TO CREATE A RHYTHMIC
OCCUPIES THE UPPER 38 FLOORS. MAIN SUPER-FRAME COLUMNS AND EIGHT PATTERN WHILE GROWING IN HEIGHT.
CONCEPT DIAGRAM-
EXTERIOR COLUMNS, THE PAGODA-LIKE LIKE THE PETRONAS TOWERS IN
FORM RISES IN MATHEMATICAL INCREMENTS MALAYSIA, THE DIMENSIONS OF THE
OF EIGHT. THESE LITERAL REFERENCES TO BUILDING AROUND THE NUMBER 8,
CHINESE CULTURE TODAY SEEM TO MARK ASSOCIATED WITH PROSPERITY IN
JIN MAO AS A "FIRST GENERATION" OF CHINESE CULTURE. THE NUMBER 8 IN
SKYSCRAPER DESIGN IN CHINA, IN BUDDHISM IS A LUCKY NUMBER,
CONTRAST TO THE MINIMALIST, ASSOCIATED WITH PROSPERITY,
INTERNATIONAL-STYLE SHANGHAI ECONOMY, GOLD AND TRADE.
WORLD FINANCIAL CENTER.
VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION IN A TOWER
CONCEPTUAL FLOOR PLANNING OF A
TOWER
EIGHT CONCRETE AND STEEL
PERIMETER SUPERCOLUMNS,
AND EIGHT STEEL BUILT UP
COLUMNS.
ADHERING TO THE THEME OF
MAIN EIGHT, WHICH SIGNIFIES GOOD
STRUCTURAL LUCK IN CHINA, THE STRUCTURE
SYSTEM OF THE TOWER CONTAINS AN
OCTAGONAL CENTRAL
REINFORCED CONCRETE CORE.
DEFORMATION - SIDE SWAY ANALYSIS -WIND LOAD WORKS ON THE SURFACE
OF THE BUILDING, THEN
TRANSFERRED TO SUPER COLUMNS.
-WITH THE TRUSSES CONNECTION
BETWEEN SUPER COLUMNS AND CORE,
THE LOAD FINALLY REACHES TO THE
CORE AND GETS TO THE FOUNDATION.
-WHILE HORIZONTAL FORCES
WORKING ON THE STRUCTURE, THE
WHOLE SYSTEM GENERATES INNER
INERTIAL FORCES RESISTING THE
OVERTURNING AND TORSION
INDUCED.
-THE OUTSIDE SYMMETRY SUPER
LATERAL LOAD ANALYSIS
COLUMNS CONSTITUTE OF THE FORCE
DESIGN REQUIREMENT LATERAL LOAD COUPLE TO RESIST THE BENDING
• WIND LOADS: 200KM/H
COMPONENTS MOMENT.
• SEISMIC LOADS: 7 ON THE RICHTER SCALE.
CORE PLANNING OF A TOWER
CONSIST OF
● BRACED FRAMES IN THE CORE,
● OUTRIGGERS FROM CORE TO PERIMETER,
CORE PLAN
● SUPER-COLUMNS AND MOMENT RESISTING FRAMES IN THE PERIMETER
OUT-TRIGGER
TRUSS
ELEVATION AND DETAIL OF OUT TRIGGER TRUSS SYSTEM
FOUNDATION
CORE
-AROUND THE CENTER PART OF THE SKYSCRAPER,
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS DESIGN A REINFORCED CONCRETE
PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE; AND UPGRADE IS HIGH STRENGTH
CONCRETE AND STEEL STRUCTURE COMPOSITE STRUCTURE.
UNDER THE SKYSCRAPER’S FRAMEWORK, THERE IS A 4 METERS
THICK REINFORCED CONCRETE RAFT FOUNDATION AND 429
ROOTS Ø900M HOLLOW STEEL PILES.
-THE FOUNDATION UNDER THE PODIUM USES SMALL STEEL
SUPER-COLUMN
PIPE PILES, WHICH REACH THE SEVENTH SOIL LAYER.
-THE FOUNDATION PIT PERIMETER OF THIS PROJECT IS 568
METERS, THE DEPTH IS 15~19 METERS, THE AREA IS NEARLY
2X104 M2, AND THE TOTAL EARTH CUTTING QUANTITY IS
32X104 M3.
-THE FOUNDATION SLAB OF THE MAIN BUILDING IS 4 METERS
THICK, AND THE TOTAL AMOUNT IS 13500M3 , THE STRENGTH
OF CONCRETE IS C50.
