MIDDLE TERM Duration: Weeks 7-8 – March 15 - 27, 2021

LEARNING OUTCOMES
LEARNING CONTENT OUTCOMES
Indigenous Building  Define the use of sustainable materials.
Technologies and Their  Learn from native and indigenous peoples when
Influence to Design addressing sustainability.
 Use sustainable and environmentally friendly materials in
their design.
 Take advantage of local materials and resources, meaning
that they are relatively energy efficient and sustainable.
 Provide a vital connection between humans and
the environment in which they live.
 Design specifically with the local climatic conditions in
mind.
 Relate to its context and be aware of the specific
geographic features and cultural aspects of its
surroundings.
 Design structures to meet specific needs, accommodate
the values, economy, and lifestyles of a specific culture.
 Respect local conditions, highlighting its great sensitivity
to the geographical context of the surroundings, including
climate, vegetation, and topography.
 Address and revisit many contemporary architectural
practices, playing an important role in today's society.
 Examine and replicate in projects that aim at maximizing
energy efficiency with passive noise and thermal control.
 Respect and adapt to the physical and technological
limitations of its context, raised as the genuine result of its
environment, its people and its history.
LEARNING TASK  Develop their interest in architectural design.
Plate Making  Develop information into space planning diagrams.
“AN ECO-FRIENDLY SCHOOL”  Research and consider as many aspects of the use of the
spaces as possible.
 Develop a matrix/table that demonstrates the
requirements of each room and develop some sketch
diagrams.
 Build a small library of ‘rule of thumb’ plans that can refer
to in order to speed up space planning time.
 Make the connection between basic spatial requirements
and a fully drafted floor plan.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

The Sustainability of Indigenous Design

A building’s fundamental purpose is to provide a comfortable living environment, protected from

the extremes of climate, as well as respond to the site, setting, and context.

The building construction material used today is more synthetic, not sustainable and hard to
reuse such as concrete and steel. The building industry consumes immense energy and
contributes majorly to the world’s greenhouse gas emissions while buildings during vernacular
architecture were built on sustainable principles using local materials and technology through
the amalgamation of the physical and natural environment with cultural, social and mystical
values offering rational solutions to the harsh climate and human needs. The indigenous designs
of this vernacular architecture are still very much alive and play an active role in present society
and its architecture. Indigenous sustainable architecture cannot be separated from the culture it
was developed in and it also resulted in its own regional and economical aesthetic. The houses
are built according to their regional possibilities, needs, availability of materials, topography, and
climate. The material needed for these indigenous designs was not imported from outside and
no material was processed or manufactured, thus the buildings were in deep harmonization with
site surrounding and had a minimal environmental impact as the most commonly used building
material were mud and earth, which improved the building’s thermal and acoustic performance
and enhanced the sustainability aspects.

These traditional societies sustained balance with the lifecycle around and ensured their survival.
These indigenous designs by traditional societies can be called the real pioneers
of sustainable development from the perspective of the natural and built environment.

In southern Taiwan, the alleyways harness the cooling power of the prevailing winds of the island
by building the settlements on an east-west axis, In Tonga, protection against storms and
cyclones was done through curved roofs which offered aerodynamic protection and In the Uros
islands of Lake Titicaca, reeds were used due to their insulating properties of their hollow stems.
Mostly all traditional settlement used sustainable practices such as the living root bridges of
Mawlynnong village, India, the floating city of Ganvie in Benin, the Mahagiri rice terraces of Bali,
Indonesia along with other examples of indigenous design practices in places like Peru, the
Philippines, Tanzania, and Kenya.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tulou, a rural dwelling in China, unique for its social background, local culture, and history. The
indigenous design expresses the Chinese ancient philosophy of harmony between nature and
man. Giant houses built in Fujian from the 12th – 19th century with the main purpose of
prevention against the plunder and attack of the outside forces. The circular or square-shaped
houses with a courtyard in the center were constructed using local resources with mixing stone,
bamboo, wood, beam to create 2 m thick walls without windows. These walls provided good
earthquake resistance, good ventilation, and enough light. Despite building by local materials
with the simple technique, Tulou is as strong as a fortress and can protect people from the
outside dangers. The technology used was adaptable and conserved significant energy.

The traditional house of Rajasthan and Kutch, called bhunga had unique desert architecture in
which the size orientation and location were planned for very good structural and functional
results. Locally available construction material like clay, bamboo, straw, timber, etc. was used to
create a circular structure with a cone-shaped roof along with materials like mud for walls and
thatch for the roof to ensure minimum exposure to the hot and dry desert. The thick walls provide
thermal comfort while wooden frames provide cross ventilation. The thick walls kept the interior
cool in summers and warm when the temperature drops below 5 degrees in winter. The culture
was revealed through the exterior walls were decorated from painting and glass was used in the
interior walls. The bhungas were resistant to natural calamities like the earthquake and caused
few injuries to the occupants. These indigenous designs were time tested, sustainable and
sensitive to the climatic condition.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

The Zawlbuk House in the northeastern region of India region is constructed over varying
topography consisting of plains, mountains, and frequent flood-affected areas. The primary load
distributing element in these structures is bamboo. As bamboo is found in great abundance in
the North Eastern region of India which allows availability and suitability for the material
requirement with strength and lightness combined with extraordinary hardness and range in
sizes. They use wood and bamboo to build their houses on the sloping land. The walls of the
house are prepared by mud, bamboo, and cow-dung as materials for construction, the partitions
are made of bamboo screens the flooring and roofing are also done from bamboo.

The indigenous designs promoted sustainability and generated green building designs. Energy
efficiency and sustainability are very well blended in these designs. It’s an ecosystem, where both
man and ecosystem are interdependent on each other.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Building Materials
Vernacular Architecture is the style of architecture that takes into account the needs of the
people, materials available locally, indigenous labor, and economic factors of the people in
question. It, like every other field of architecture, evolutionized with time and need. This style is
more particularly worked upon residences than other buildings and today it is found in rural areas
rather than cities. When you think about it, vernacular architecture is the best form of
architecture construction since it is extremely cost-effective by using materials that are available
locally and labor too, and also takes into consideration all the needs of the building.

Bamboo
Bamboo is an abundant natural resource available around the world’s tropical and subtropical
regions. Since ancient times it has been a well-established building material due to its
natural characteristics and good mechanical properties. Technological advancement and the
development of modern material science has increased the durability of bamboo as a primary
building material. Bamboo is no longer seen as a poor man’s timber rather it is now a material of
aesthetic and sustainability. However, bamboo architecture had recently enjoyed a new era of
global concern for it is significantly less economic and environmental drawbacks.

A bamboo shoot in 3 months reaches its full height, and in 3 years it becomes fully mature for
harvest owning the tensile strength of steel and the compressive strength of concrete. This clump
will provide 20 or more poles of timber every year.

Bamboo is Asia’s favourite scaffolding material. This overgrown grass has serious potential. Up
to very recently, it was very difficult to protect bamboo from insects and treating it with Borax,
which a natural salt, turns bamboo into a permanent building material.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

So far, bamboo that is ever-growing in the region and available in the bounty. Creative
experimentation to make crazy dreams into reality. However, there are many more across the
world who are innovating each day using the potential of bamboo. Across Asia, bamboo is
everywhere from chopsticks to scaffolding for skyscrapers! For Balinese, it is the bed they are
born in, the house they grow up with and the cremation pyre when their soul leaves their body.
Bamboo has been used in daily life this way for tens of thousands of years across the tropical
regions of the world. There are islands, even continents, first reached by bamboo rafts. But
untreated bamboo gets eaten to dust. So, some people think that you couldn’t be poor enough,
or rural enough to want to live in a bamboo house. This brings to an alarming question – what
would it take to change minds; to convince people that bamboo was worth building with much
less worth aspiring to? Until today, where bamboo can make fantasy of dreamland come true
and is defining a new way to luxury, the luxury of being connected to nature.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Earth
Earth, in great geological diversity, is available throughout the world at the ultimate local level.
Some soil types are suitable for construction in their unadulterated form while others can be
enhanced through minimal additions of sand, stabiliser or other soils that improve the particle
distribution.

Earth has a very ecological profile as a building material. It is a locally sourced material that is
ideally taken directly from the construction site. Therefore, it requires minimal material
transportation as only equipment, labourers and supplementary building materials need to be
transported to the construction site. The raw earth taken for building requires excavation, but
this does not lead to environmental degradation as the fertile top soil is kept aside and reused
later for gardening purposes. The depressions created through excavation can be incorporated
into the design, whether for basement levels in buildings, landscaping elements, rainwater
harvesting, ponds or waste water treatment facilities. Many earth based building techniques
employ manual methods, such as manual presses for blocks, hand forming for cob, wattle and
daub and hand tamping for rammed earth. This reduces energy consumption during the
construction process.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Being taken directly from the site, earth buildings are very economical. The primary costs are
simply the equipment and labour. This makes earth-based construction techniques particularly
appropriate in contexts where labour is plentiful and inexpensive. Earth is adaptable to many
structural types and can give many different effects in texture and colour.

Earth structures provide a superior interior living environment. Earth based walls can regulate
temperature and humidity in a building. Walls absorb heat during warm daylight hours and slowly
release it during cooler nocturnal hours. Earthen surfaces, either of earth based walls or plasters
have been shown to control relative humidity inside the building. The porous surface
automatically absorbs and releases moisture in the air to maintain an optimal range for human
habitation (Torgal & Jalali 2011, p. 177). The natural origin of earthen buildings also means an
absence of the chemical compounds that can be found in some industrial building materials that
also pollute indoor air quality.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Stone
Stone has been used as a building material for thousands of years. It has long been recognised as
a material of great durability and superior artistic quality, the foremost choice for buildings
associated with status, power and religion. The pyramids in Giza, burial chambers in the UK and
temples in Malta were all built from stone over 4000 years ago and are still standing. The use of
stone in construction has declined over the last hundred years, but it remains an aristocrat of
building materials.

Stone is cheap, fireproof, and has less carbon footprint compared to concrete. This material is
used as a primary building material for thousands of years. The entire city was built with quarried
stone, putting on top of another to construct columns and walls. This great forgotten material
has withstood the test of time and it is staging a comeback. Natural stone has some attributes
that make it sustainable and environmentally friendly, for instance, its capability of heat
absorption, availability around the world, and quarries out of mountains and even from
underground.

The field of designing is ever-evolving, new products, materials, and techniques are discovered
and put to use every day. The increasing demand for infrastructure has led to the concretizing of
the world, thereby, increasing the threat to the environment. All buildings have a carbon
footprint. A building’s carbon footprint is defined as the amount of CO2 it produces during its
operations and activities. Every year the construction sector consumes 40% of the world raw
material and contributes to 60% of the world’s greenhouse emission.

The earliest form of stone construction is known as dry stone, or dry stacking. These are
freestanding structures such as field walls, bridges and buildings that use irregularly shaped
stones carefully selected and placed so that they fit closely together without slipping. Structures
are typically wider at the base and taper in as height increases. The weight of the stone pushes
inwards to support the structure, and any settling or disturbance makes the structure lock
together and become even stronger. Dry stone structures are highly durable and easily repaired.
They allow water to drain through them, without causing damage to the stones. They do not
require any special tools, only the skill of the craftsman in choosing and placing the stones.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Applications
It is considered that ages ago human beings lived in caves or under trees. Then they would have
arranged or removed pebbles to make their entry to the caves easier or would have cut tree
branches and arranged the large branches to make roofs for shelter from the rain. As they walked
on the ground, it became a beaten path. They dug the ground with stone tools to make traps for
animals. As they learned to grow plants, they would have dug the ground to make water channels
and made small bridges by placing logs over the channels. These actions contain the basics of
construction techniques, namely, digging the ground or rock, compacting the ground to make a
foundation, transporting materials, processing and assembling various materials to make
buildings or structures. Searching for better living, mankind has refined construction techniques
to make it possible. In other words, construction is a history of mankind’s making many mistakes
and overcoming past failures in the process of conquering the harsh nature. Thus, the desire for
better living was one of the major motivations for humans to develop advanced construction
techniques. Development of construction techniques itself was one of the building blocks of
civilization.

YDF School Building

The Youth Development Foundation (YDF) San Sai is a non-profit organisation that helps
underprivileged hill tribe kids to an education and guides them through vocational training. There
was a need for a school/training center that also reflected the founders’ vision of environmental
mindfulness and love to our planet earth.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

The ancient courtyard concept was chosen to create a space that allows for protection against
outside distractions and concentration on the task at hand. But at the same time there are spaces
for getting together and communication like the lounges at the entrance and the back side. 6
classrooms are facing each other with an arcade connecting all rooms. There is the office room
and a store room at the entrance as well as a space to receive and welcome visitors. On the
opposite wing are the toilets and on the outside is a kitchen and canteen.

The outer walls of the YDF School Building are made of adobe bricks, the walls that separate the
class rooms are rammed earth and the roof construction is all bamboo. The YDF school building
demonstrates how natural materials mold by modern architectural design can increase the
quality of life even in this 21st century.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Aknaibich Preschool

The project was created with the support of The GoodPlanet Foundation’s United Carbon Action
program, an initiative that works with local communities to minimize their greenhouse gas
emissions and construct bioclimatic schools using local natural materials and traditional skills. In
addition to providing a new vernacular to the area’s concrete-dominated landscape, the newly
inaugurated Aknaibich preschool also gives rural children between the ages of 3 and 6 the
opportunity to attend school–until now, children of the village started school at age 6.

The preschool is located between three preserved argan trees and elevated atop the traditionally
inclined foundations of locally sourced stone. A wood-and-earth flat roof tops the adobe outer
walls and the interior rammed earth walls, which are finished with a mixture of earth and
gypsum. Following passive design principles, the architects glazed the north facade to maximize
indirect sunlight and positioned a thick wall with deep and small windows on the south facade to
minimize solar heat gain during the day but dissipate heat at night.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Xuan Hoa Primary School

Dao sub-school belongs to the number 2 Xuan Hoa primary school, located at Xuan Hoa
commune- an area of many extremely difficult condition households in poverty in Bao Yen
District, Lao Cai province. The sub-school has 78 students, from 06 to 11 years old (Grade 1 to 5
respectively). All of the students are ethnic minorities from the Tay, Nung, Dao and Mong tribe.
Multi-culture is a highlighted feature in the sub-school that needs to be considered in our
approach to develop this project. In 5 classrooms in Dao sub-school, there are 02 temporary
classrooms including grade 4 (10 students) and grade 5 (10 students). The building is very
vulnerable and close to a collapse of the wood structure, as badly damaged and badly repaired
joints.

Concept

Plan Section
ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
The project was carried out by the Vietnam Sustainability Social Enterprise (VSSE), coordinated,
designed and constructed by the 1 + 1> 2 Architects. Transsolar advised on daylight supply and
the climate concept. The new building with two open classrooms with enclosing structure meets
the understandable desire for climate comfort, environmental friendliness and local identity. The
walls are made of a brick system that makes use of daylight and captures the wind when needed
to cool down in summer. More than 3000 building blocks with a wall thickness of 15 cm provide
thermal mass - and thus a buffer. New technology is applied to develop local materials. The soil-
which originates from Minh Bao commune, Yen Binh district, Yen Bai province- mixing hydraulic
pressurized admixtures into un-burnt bricks , making it largely CO2-neutral and environmentally
friendly.

Pivot open-able windows with ventilation brick ensure the advantage of natural wind and light.
It keeps cool in summer and in winter all windows and ventilation bricks are close-able to keep it
warmer in rooms. Thatched roof, typical traditional architecture in Lao Cai area is used in this
project. Over 4000 dried leaves are easily collected from mountains around the area by local
community to build a large roof system with a frame of bamboo to cover the 2 classrooms. The
open interaction space between two classrooms is used as a school yard to ensure that students
from different ethnic groups have more communication space to exchange culture between
different ethnic groups.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

L’Ecole du Fleuve (The River School)

Great design means different things to different people, but the best architectural design
incorporates history, culture and functionality. In addition to these paramount foundational
elements, L’École du Fleuve (The River School) also presents a plan that relies on locally sourced,
sustainable and recycled materials.

The River School won second place in the international Archstorming competition, which called
for designs for a school in Senegal. The designers, Tina Gao and Prathyusha Viddam with research
support from Amy Zhang, aimed their finished project at honoring the history of the local area,
where making and using buckets and baskets is standard. They also drew inspiration from the
rivers around the Casamance region; these rivers are central to the culture and economy of the
area, as is education.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

L’École du Fleuve is situated to curve around an existing tree that provides a gathering space in
the shade. Like a bend in a river, the building arcs with all classrooms facing the central courtyard.
The doors for each classroom are composed of bamboo screens that can fully extend to open the
classroom to the outdoors. Outside of the classrooms, gardens provide vegetables, which are
then served from a small kitchen.

Sustainable building requires attention to water usage. The River School harvests water through
a terraced rainwater channel in the courtyard. The water is then funnelled into two percolation
ponds. A PVC pipe inserted into each pond then disperses the water into the ground and back to
the well. In addition, a collection tank in the restroom is filled with water collected from gutters
along the roof.

Going back to the process of bucket making, the outer facade is made up of adobe bricks formed
using plastic buckets as molds. The bricks are stacked in a pattern that resembles traditional
baskets, paying tribute to the way Senegal’s women balance baskets on their heads. The process
for laying the bricks allows for sunlight and ventilation within the space.

Primary walls are composed of easy-to-source natural materials, such as clay, sand and straw. A
small amount of cement speeds up the process and stabilizes the structure. The roof trusses are
made from locally grown bamboo in a process that the community can replicate in other
buildings.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Panyaden School
One of CLC’s main projects is the environmentally friendly Panyaden School, a green school built
entirely from bamboo and earth, in Chiang Mai. The school was conceived to provide an
atmosphere that is peaceful and close to nature. Furthermore, it wants to demonstrate how to
live an environmentally mindful life with a low carbon footprint. Therefore CLC chose earth/clay,
stones and bamboo as the main construction materials.

Walls are built either from rammed earth or adobe bricks. The roofs are built entirely from layers
of treated bamboo.

All the rooms are designed so that air-conditioning is not needed. The earth walls are great
insulators against heat and cold, as well as noise. The bamboo roofs are good heat insulators as
well and are designed to facilitate air circulation. This evens out daily temperature variations and
alleviates the need for air conditioning and heating.

As we have learned over the years, every detail in this building has progressed far beyond its
predecessors, from the use of lighter but stronger bamboo trusses to the creation of large
bamboo dowels, the mix of the rammed earth walls and floor, the finishing of the adobe walls to
make them fungus and water resistant.
ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Oaxaca School of Plastic Arts

Instead of wasting the soil that on-site construction projects produced, Taller de Arquitectura
saw a wonderful opportunity to give it a new and sustainable building application. Some of the
salvaged earth was piled up to make a large mound, which is retained by the stone buildings. In
addition to being lovely to look at, the Plastic Arts school has great acoustics and low power bills
thanks to the naturally-superior construction materials.

Large north-facing windows also contribute to the building’s overall aesthetic and energy
efficiency, while outside gardens – populated with low maintenance plants that don’t require
intensive watering and several shading Macuil trees – round out this project’s inspiring and rustic
green ethos.

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

THE DESIGN OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS
Everyone wants safe and affordable schools that function well, that is, they must respond to
three (3) basic needs: security, identity, and opportunity.
Most school buildings answer students’ identity needs. A well-designed school encourages better
student performance and makes a lasting impression to the community about the importance of
education.
In view of budgetary limitations, these basic needs are taken into account in any renovation or
new building plans, thus design guidelines have to be considered.
DESIGN GUIDELINES
The following general guidelines shall be observed in the design of school buildings:

 A school building shall be designed in accordance with its functions, needs of its user, and
the nature of the environment.
 In view of scarce resources, a school building shall be conceived for economy in construction,
utilization and maintenance.
 The design approach shall be straight forward, relying upon simplicity of concept in the
context of innovation to reflect order and dignity, ensure flexibility in anticipation of
educational change, and achieve structural stability.
 Human dimensions, static and dynamic, specifically with reference to Filipino children and
youth, shall be the basis for establishing scale.
 Aesthetic elements shall be integral to the overall design and even given contemporary
treatment, shall derive from historical, traditional or native themes.
 The use of indigenous or locally produced materials shall be maximized in conjunction with
the application of appropriate construction technology.
 Provision for mobility of handicapped/disabled persons shall be given due consideration in
the design and construction of school buildings and other facilities in accordance with Batas
Pambansa Bilang 344. (Accessibility Law).

In designing school buildings, very significant considerations are:

 Ergonomics;
 Anthropometrics;
 Thermal Comfort;
 Illumination;
 Acoustics; and
 Colors

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

LEARNING TASK
I. PROJECT TITLE: “AN ECO-FRIENDLY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL”

II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

Schools are institution designed to nourish young mind’s intellect and nurture their dreams
and hopes for the future. Inside its four walls, more than just acquiring basic skills to survive
life in general or learning good manners and right conduct, it’s a place where every child begins
to create a vision of who they want to be someday: an artist, a doctor, an entrepreneur, an
engineer, an architect.

Young as they are, they are trained to be conscientious citizens with a strong sense of
patriotism. In its cradle, values are imparted such taking care of co-students who are also
friends, of the community, of the environment, of God-given creation and of the country.

Eco-friendly practices starts from the site planning, actual construction, to the measures and
provisions the facility has in place for administrators, teachers and students alike to maintain
a sustainable facility. Schools, as venues for elections and etc., must also be designed in an
inclusive way and in compliance with the accessibility laws

III. PROJECT SITE FEATURES:

The site selected for this purpose is within an existing elementary school in a current rural
location in the province; it measures 100.00 x 100.00 meters. Bounded by a road and facing
south east and the three sides by an agricultural area on the northwest, a multi-cultural
households on the northeast and a municipal complex on the southwest. A five- and 4-meter
setbacks are required on the southeast and southwest respectively where the one-storey
building shall be located with a limiting dimensions of 20.00 x 36.00 meter.

IV. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS:

Planning & Design
 Planning ideas that will provide better learning environments and serving other
community needs
 Planning on a learning space that will foster greater student and community
relationships
 Design must be visually engaging and must foster a positive impact to the community.

Sustainability
 Focuses on sustainable aspect of the overall planning & design which should be self-
sufficient and cost effective to be able meet not just the current stakeholders’ needs
but also the generations to come.
 How well will the school foster conservation and proper utilization of resources
around the community?
Presentation
 How well the design challenge was presented and explained using the parameters?
 Adherence to applicable government laws and guidelines

V. SPACE REQUIREMENTS:
The design proposal must have minimum standards recommended for primary elementary
school as per Department of Education:
 9 classrooms;
 1 library/learning resource center; and
 A courtyard

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

VI. DRAWING REQUIREMENTS: A3 white paper with standard Title Block and Margins
a. Overall concepts Handwritten/drawn
b. Site Development Plan 1:200m
c. Floor Plan & Roof Plan 1:100m
d. Elevations and Sections 1:100m
e. Bird’s Eye Perspective ACS

VII. BASES OF GRADING:

 Overall Concept 30
 Plans 25
 Elevations and Sections 35
 Bird’s Eye Perspective 10
Total 100

VIII. SUBMISSION:
Learning Tasks Date
Overall Concept (Firmitas, Venustas & Utilitas) 037 April 12 Mon
 Collection of Information
 Indigenous Building Materials and Technologies 038 April 12 Mon
SDP, FP & RP
039 April 16 Fri
 Application of Collected Information (Venustas & Utilitas)
Elevations and Sections & Bird’s Eye Perspective 040 April 14 Wed
 Application of Collected Information (Firmitas)

ARCH 1163 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1 INDIGENOUS BUILDING TECHNOLOGY