ART APPRECIATION

CHAPTER 2: The Artist’s Medium

Concepts
1. Medium refers to the material used by an artist.
2. Technique is the manner in which the artist controls the medium to achieve
desired effect.
3. Combined arts are those whose mediums can be both seen and heard and which
exist in both space and time.
4. Painting is the art of creating meaningful effects on a flat surface by the use of
pigments.
5. Architecture is the art of designing and constructing a structure.
6. Sculpture is the construction of a figure by putting together module segments of
the material.

Objectives
1. To familiarize oneself of how artwork is made, put together, or organized.
2. To determine the meaning conveyed by the art and how an artwork makes life
more meaningful.
3. To appreciate the vase of self-trust in producing art.
4. To come up with a simple art presentation.

LESSON 1: Medium of the Visual Arts

Write the definition of the following Mediums of the Visual Arts.
1. Painting
________________________________________________________________________
-Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a
________________________________________________________________________
solid surface.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
2. Water color
________________________________________________________________________
-Aquarelles painted with water-soluble colored ink instead of modern water colors
________________________________________________________________________
are called aquarellum atramento (Latin for "aquarelle made with ink") by experts.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
3. Fresco
________________________________________________________________________
-Fresco is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid lime plaster.
________________________________________________________________________
Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster ,
________________________________________________________________________
and with the setting of the plaster, the painting becomes an integral part of the wall.
_______________________________________________________________________.
ART APPRECIATION

4. Tempera
known as egg tempera, is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consis-
________________________________________________________________________
-also
________________________________________________________________________
ting of colored pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium, usually glutinous
________________________________________________________________________
material such as egg yolk. Tempera also refers to the paintings done in this medium.
_______________________________________________________________________.
5. Pastel
________________________________________________________________________
-A pastel is an art medium in the form of a stick, consisting of powdered pigment
________________________________________________________________________
and a binder. The pigments used in pastels are similar to those used to produce
________________________________________________________________________
some other colored visual arts
_______________________________________________________________________.
6. Encaustic
________________________________________________________________________
-The term encaustic means “to heat or burn in” from an ancient Greek word.
________________________________________________________________________
Encaustic materials are produced through a process which involves heating
________________________________________________________________________
to seal in the dyes and clays. Traditional encaustic tiles are made using clay and
_______________________________________________________________________.
powdered glazes, and are fired in a coal or wood-fired kiln.
7. Oil
-Oil painting is the process of painting with pigments with a medium of drying oil as
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
the binder. Commonly used drying oils include linseed oil, poppy seed oil, walnut oil,
________________________________________________________________________
and safflower oil. ... An artist might use several different oils in the same painting
_______________________________________________________________________.
depending on specific pigments and effects desired.
8. Acrylic
-Acrylic paint is a fast-drying paint made of pigment suspended in acrylic polymer
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
emulsion and plasticizers, silicon oils, defoamers, stabilizers, or metal soaps. Most
________________________________________________________________________
Most acrylic paints are water-based, but become water-resistant when dry.
_______________________________________________________________________.
9. Mosaic
-A mosaic is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster/mortar, and covering a surface.
________________________________________________________________________
Mosaics are often used as floor and wall decoration, and were particularly popular in
______________________________________________________________________.
the Ancient Roman world.
10. Stained Glass
________________________________________________________________________
-Stained glass, in the arts, the coloured glass used for making decorative windows
________________________________________________________________________
and other objects through which light passes. Strictly speaking, all coloured glass
“stained,” or coloured by the addition of various metallic oxides while it is in a molten
________________________________________________________________________
state.
_______________________________________________________________________.
11. Tapestry
________________________________________________________________________
-Tapestry is a form of textile art, traditionally woven by hand on a loom.Tapestry is
________________________________________________________________________
relatively fragile, and difficult to make, so most historical pieces are intended to hang
________________________________________________________________________
vertically on a wall (or sometimes in tents), or sometimes horizontally over a piece
_______________________________________________________________________.
of furniture such as a table or bed.
ART APPRECIATION

12. Drawing
-Drawing is a way of making a picture. Drawings are created by making lines on
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
a surface. Long lines make up the shapes and small lines make the textures.
________________________________________________________________________
Drawings can be images of real-life or abstract images showing ideas that cannot
_______________________________________________________________________.
be seen in the real world.

13. Bistre
-Bistre, brown pigment made from boiling the soot of wood. Because bistre is trans
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
-parent and has no body, it is frequently used in conjunction with pen and ink drawings
________________________________________________________________________
as a wash, a liquid spread evenly to suggest shadows, and is especially associated
_______________________________________________________________________.
with the appearance of the typical “old master drawing.”

14. Crayons
________________________________________________________________________
-crayons to create colorful, vibrant, realistic, and whimsical pieces of art. Crayola
________________________________________________________________________
is a very popular brand of crayons, even for professional artists. When used in the
________________________________________________________________________
proper way, Crayola crayons can create stunning pieces of work that rival anything
_______________________________________________________________________.
in a museum or gallery.

15. Silverpoint
________________________________________________________________________
-Silverpoint is a traditional drawing technique first used by medieval scribes on manus
________________________________________________________________________
-cripts. It is an incredibly sensitive and delicate medium, and drawing with the lightest
________________________________________________________________________
and most fluid of touches will make a mark on the page. In exhibitions of Renaissance
_______________________________________________________________________.
drawings you will frequently see the term metalpoint used to describe the technique used.

16. Printmaking
-Printmaking is an artistic process based on the principle of transferring images from
________________________________________________________________________
a________________________________________________________________________
matrix onto another surface, most often paper or fabric. Traditional printmaking
________________________________________________________________________
techniques include woodcut, etching, engraving, and lithography, while modern
_______________________________________________________________________.
artists have expanded available techniques to include screenprinting.

17. Lithography
________________________________________________________________________
-Lithography is a printing process that uses a flat stone or metal plate on which the
________________________________________________________________________
image areas are worked using a greasy substance so that the ink will adhere to
________________________________________________________________________
them by, while the non-image areas are made ink-repellent.
_______________________________________________________________________.

18. Sculpture
-Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. It is one
________________________________________________________________________
of the plastic arts. Durable sculptural processes originally used carving and modelling,
________________________________________________________________________
in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other materials but, since Modernism, there has
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
been an almost complete freedom of materials and process.
ART APPRECIATION

19. Stone
-A Stone sculpture is an object made of stone which has been shaped, usually by
________________________________________________________________________
carving, or assembled to form a visually interesting three-dimensional shape. Stone
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
is more durable than most alternative materials, making it especially important in
_______________________________________________________________________.
architectural sculpture on the outside of buildings.

20. Jade
________________________________________________________________________
-Jade was famously used as an ornamental stone in China, as well as other areas
________________________________________________________________________
of Asia, and Mesoamerica. In China jade was used to make functional items like
________________________________________________________________________
buttons, but also for ceremonial objects of art like carved dragons since the Neolithic
_______________________________________________________________________.
period.Jade was also regarded as precious in other areas of Asia too.

21. Ivory
-Ivory is a type of dentine - a hard, dense bony tissue which forms most of the teeth
________________________________________________________________________
and tusks of animals - which has been used for millennia as a material for carving
________________________________________________________________________
sculpture (mostly small-scale relief sculpture or various types of small statue) .
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

22. Metals
-Any art work that is crafted from the 'ores of the earth,' including bronze, gold, tin, l
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
ead, silver and iron is defined as metal art. It is also common to see metal art created
________________________________________________________________________
from various metal alloys, such as aluminum. Metal art can be either purely decorative
_______________________________________________________________________.
or functional and useful.

23. Plaster
________________________________________________________________________
-Commonly used to create sculptures, plaster is made by mixing water, lime, gypsum,
________________________________________________________________________
sand, and other strengthening materials, such as animal hair. The resulting paste can
________________________________________________________________________
be applied to walls, cast, or, once dried, carved.Later, plaster allowed for the easy
_______________________________________________________________________.
reproduction of Greek and Roman masterpieces.

24. Clay
________________________________________________________________________
-Clay is a naturally occurring sticky fine grained earth. It is essentially rock dust
________________________________________________________________________
combined with water. It can be molded into different shapes. Clay is used to make
________________________________________________________________________
bricks, potteries, and ceramics. It is also used to make sculptures and decorative
_______________________________________________________________________.
patterns and designs.

25. Glass
-Glass art refers to individual works of art that are substantially or wholly made of
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
glass. It ranges in size from monumental works and installation pieces to wall hangings
________________________________________________________________________
and windows, to works of art made in studios and factories, including glass jewelry and
_______________________________________________________________________.
tableware.
ART APPRECIATION

LESSON 2: Mediums of the Performing Arts

Write the definition of the following Mediums of the Performing Arts (Music) and
give some examples of the following instruments by pasting the picture at the box
given below.

1. Music
________________________________________________________________________
-Music is the art of arranging sounds in time to produce a composition through the
________________________________________________________________________
elements of melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre.It is one of the universal cultural
________________________________________________________________________
aspects of all human societies.
_______________________________________________________________________.

1.1 Vocal Music

-Vocal music is a type of singing performed by one or more singers, either
_______________________________________________________________
with instrumental accompaniment, or without instrumental accompaniment,
_______________________________________________________________
in which singing provides the main focus of the piece
_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.
1.2 Classification of Vocal Music
-_______________________________________________________________
bass, baritone, tenor, mezzo-soprano, countertenor and soprano voices.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.
1.3 Voice Classification
_______________________________________________________________
-Voice classification is a tool for singers, composers, venues, and listeners to
_______________________________________________________________
categorize vocal properties and to associate roles with voices. Women are
_______________________________________________________________
typically divided into three groups: soprano, mezzo-soprano, and contralto.
______________________________________________________________.
Men are usually divided into four groups: countertenor, tenor, baritone, and bass.
1.4 Instrumental Music
-An instrumental is a recording normally without any vocals, although it might
_______________________________________________________________
include some inarticulate vocals, such as shouted backup vocals in a big band
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
setting. Through semantic widening, a broader sense of the word song may
______________________________________________________________.
refer to instrumentals.

STRING INSTRUMENTS
ART APPRECIATION

WOODWINDS

BRASSES

PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS
ART APPRECIATION

LESSON 3: Methods of Art Production and Presentation

In art production, certain methods are employed for the presentation to be
effective. A presentation can only be effective when the artist is able to express
the idea he wants to make clear.
Authorities in the arts one in their view that the different methods used by the
artist in the production and presentation of an art are: (Write the definition of
the following Methods of Art Production and Presentation)
1. REALISM
-Realism, sometimes called naturalism, in the arts is generally the attempt to
________________________________________________________________________
represent subject matter truthfully, without artificiality and avoiding speculative fiction
________________________________________________________________________
and supernatural elements.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

2. ABSTRACTION
-Abstract art uses visual language of shape, form, color and line to create a
________________________________________________________________________
composition which may exist with a degree of independence from visual references
________________________________________________________________________
in________________________________________________________________________
the world.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

3. SYMBOLISM
________________________________________________________________________
-Symbolism was a late nineteenth-century art movement of French, Russian and
________________________________________________________________________
Belgian origin in poetry and other arts seeking to represent absolute truths symbo
________________________________________________________________________
-lically through language and metaphorical images, mainly as a reaction against
________________________________________________________________________
naturalism and realism.
_______________________________________________________________________.
4. FAUVISM
________________________________________________________________________
-Fauvism is the style of les Fauves, a group of early 20th-century modern artists
________________________________________________________________________
whose works emphasized painterly qualities and strong color over the representational
________________________________________________________________________
or realistic values retained by Impressionism
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

5. DADAISM
-Dada or Dadaism was an art movement of the European avant-garde in the early
________________________________________________________________________
20th century, with early centres in Zürich, Switzerland, at the Cabaret Voltaire.
________________________________________________________________________
New York Dada began c. 1915, and after 1920 Dada flourished in Paris. Dadaist
________________________________________________________________________
activities lasted until c. the mid 1920s.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
ART APPRECIATION

6. FUTURISM
-Futurism was an artistic and social movement that originated in Italy in the early
________________________________________________________________________
20th century which later also developed in Russia. It emphasized dynamism, speed,
________________________________________________________________________
technology, youth, violence, and objects such as the car, the airplane, and the
________________________________________________________________________
industrial city.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

7. SURREALISM
-Surrealism was a cultural movement which developed in Europe in the aftermath
________________________________________________________________________
of World War I and was largely influenced by Dada. The movement is best known
________________________________________________________________________
for its visual artworks and writings and the juxtaposition of distant realities to
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
activate the unconscious mind through the imagery.
_______________________________________________________________________.

8. EXPRESSIONISM
-Expressionism is a modernist movement, initially in poetry and painting, originating
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
in Northern Europe around the beginning of the 20th century. Its typical trait is to
________________________________________________________________________
present the world solely from a subjective perspective, distorting it radically for
________________________________________________________________________
emotional effect in order to evoke moods or ideas.
_______________________________________________________________________.

EVALUATION ACTIVITIES

Answer the following questions. (10 points each)

1. What is medium?
-refers to the material used by an artist.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________.
2. What is technique?
-is the manner in which the artist controls the medium to achieve
____________________________________________________________
desired effect.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________.
ART APPRECIATION

3. Why do artists differ in their choice of subjects for their

artworks?
Visual artists differ in style or method in presenting a particular subject
____________________________________________________________
because art is subjective.These differences affect the artists in various
____________________________________________________________
ways and magnitude. The way people perceive their surroundings and
____________________________________________________________
experiences are influenced by their own backgrounds and thinking.
____________________________________________________________
Because an artist will handle materials in different ways.
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________.

4. What does the artist express in his paintings?

-Many artists express their emotions through their art-making, and the
____________________________________________________________
finished art will reflect that emotion. Other artists may make an image
____________________________________________________________
with the hope of creating an emotional response in the viewer.Art is an
____________________________________________________________
expression made visible by a form and also an expression of feeling,
____________________________________________________________
belief, and character.
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________.

5. What is the medium of Literature? Explain the nature of

translation.
-The medium of literature was the language, tone, theme and symbolism
____________________________________________________________
used by the author in writing literary piece. Also this medium help the
____________________________________________________________
reader to understand what are the underlying meaning about the literary
____________________________________________________________
piece that the author wrote even though it was written as a historical literary
____________________________________________________________
piece.Translation is like pouring water in the glass, we should translate
____________________________________________________________
the work accurately without deleting any words in the original literary piece.
___________________________________________________________.
ART APPRECIATION

CHAPTER 3: The Elements of Visual Arts and

Performing Arts

Concepts
1. The elements of art refer to the qualities or properties inherent in each work of
art.
2. The elements of visual arts are line, color, texture, perspective, space, form,
volume, light and shadow.
3. Line is the path created by moving points in space.
4. Color refers to the quality or kind of light that reflects from the surface of the
object.
5. Texture is the element that deals with the sense of touch.
6. Perspective deals with the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by
means of which the eye judges’ spatial relationship.
7. Space is concerned with making every part of the artwork functional so that all
parts can contribute to make a complete work of art.
8. Form describes the structure or shape of an object.
9. Volume refers to the amount of space a form occupies.
10. The elements of music are rhythm, melody, harmony, tempo, dynamics, and
timbre.
11. Rhythm is the variation of length and accentuation of a series of sounds.
12. Melody refers to pitches or tones sounded one after another in a logical and
meaningful series.
13. Harmony refers to the manner of sound combination whenever subordinate
sounds are added to enhance the quality of the main sound.
14. Tempo refers to the speed of a certain musical piece.
15. Dynamics refers to the amount, strength, or volume of the sound.
16. Timber refers to tone quality.

Objectives
1. To explain the relationship of the elements of the different
fields of arts.
2. To explain how elements are presented in the different
artwork.
3. To determine the characteristics and psychological-effects of
line, form, texture, perspective, color, space, volume, and
other elements in visual arts.
4. To determine the elements of music and literature as
performing arts.
ART APPRECIATION

The Elements of Visual Arts

Write the definition of the following Elements of Visual Arts.

1. LINE Line is the path created by moving points in space.

2. COLOR Color refers to the quality or kind of light that reflects from the
surface of the object.

3. TEXTURE Texture is the element that deals with the sense of touch.

4. PERSPECTIVE Perspective deals with the effect of distance upon the

appearance of objects, by means of which the eye judges’
spatial relationship.

5. SPACE Space is concerned with making every part of the artwork

functional so that all parts can contribute to make a complete
work of art.
ART APPRECIATION

6. FORM Form describes the structure or shape of an object.

7. VOLUME Volume refers to the amount of space a form occupies.

EVALUATION ACTIVITIES
Answer the following questions. (10 points each)

1. What are the elements of Visual Arts?

________________________________________________________________________
-The elements of visual arts are line, color, texture, perspective, space, form,
________________________________________________________________________
volume, light and shadow.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
2. What are the elements of Performing Arts?
-________________________________________________________________________
The four basic elementsof performing arts are time, space, the performer's body,
________________________________________________________________________
or presence in a medium, and a relationship between performer and audience.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
3. What are the specific elements of Literature?
________________________________________________________________________
-The four basic elements of literature are: plot, theme, character, point of view,
________________________________________________________________________
and setting.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
ART APPRECIATION

4. How is form used in establishing balance?

________________________________________________________________________
-Balance in Art refers to the use of artistic elements such as line, texture, color,
________________________________________________________________________
and form in the creation of artworks in a way that renders visual stability. ...
It________________________________________________________________________
is through a reconciliation of opposing forces that equilibrium or balance of
_______________________________________________________________________.
elements is achieved in art.
5. What are the different ways of achieving balance in visual arts?
________________________________________________________________________
-The four types of balance that can be used in art, design, and photography
________________________________________________________________________
—symmetrical, asymmetrical, radial, and crystallographic.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
6. What is the importance of variety in art?
________________________________________________________________________
-Variety is used to make a drawing or painting more interesting. We use variety to
________________________________________________________________________
catch the viewers attention. Variety also helps you stay on track to transform your
________________________________________________________________________
life because you're less likely to get bored.Different elements are used, like line,
_______________________________________________________________________.
shapes, and colors are placed next to each other in a work of art.
7. How does music differ from the other arts?
________________________________________________________________________
-Music is like a harmony in ears while arts is like a harmony in our ears.
________________________________________________________________________
Music is a universal language and can be applied to any art form.Music and tradi-
________________________________________________________________________
-tional art also relate to one another when it comes to emulating existing work.
_______________________________________________________________________.
8. What are the primary colors in pigment?
________________________________________________________________________
-Red, green, and blue are known as the primary colors of light. The combinations
________________________________________________________________________
of two of the three primary colors of light produce the secondary colors of light.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
9. What are the secondary colors in pigment?
-.________________________________________________________________________
The secondary colors of light are cyan, magenta, and yellow.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
10. What are the neutral colors?
-A true neutral has no color or temperature bias at all. You would have a hard time
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
telling what its intrinsic hue was or whether it leaned toward the warm side or the cool
________________________________________________________________________
side. However, just about any neutral pigment, even black, has a color. The color
_______________________________________________________________________.
bias is important because it will influence your mixtures.
Scoring Rubric
90-95 Excellent
85-89 Very Satisfactory
80-84 Satisfactory
75-79 Fair/ Slightly Satisfactory
70-74 Poor- must review the learning unit intensively
ART APPRECIATION