Earth and

Life Science 11
Earth and Life Science – Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Products of Weathering
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use
these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors
do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Mirasol B. Ortinez

Editor: Ronald Dumapias
Reviewers: Ronald Dumapias, Melannie B. Nanteza
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Mark Kihm G. Lara
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
Earth and
Life Science 11
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 5
Products of Weathering
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Earth and Life Science Self-Learning Module 5 on Products of

Weathering

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the Learner:

Welcome to the Earth and Life Science Self-Learning Module 5 on Products of

Weathering

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
EXPECTATION

This module is designed and written with you in mind. This will help you
identify the important concepts related to weathering and how its products is carried
away by erosion and deposited elsewhere. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes your
diverse vocabulary level. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence
of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond
with the other learning materials you are now using.
The module is about how the products of weathering are carried away by erosion
and deposited elsewhere.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. discuss the types of weathering and how its products are carried away by
erosion and deposited elsewhere.
2. apply knowledge through activities on the types of weathering and how its
products are carried away through erosion and deposition; and
3. recognize examples of products of weathering naturally occurring in our
environment

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Which of the following is an exogenic process?

a. Diastrophism b. Magmatism c. Metamorphism d. Weathering

2. Which of the following is the stripping of the outer layers of rock due to the
progressive removal of pressure?
a. Block disintegration c. Exfoliation
b. Carbonation d. Frost weathering

3. Which of the following is NOT a physical weathering?

a. Block disintegration c. Exfoliation

b. Carbonation d. Frost weathering
4. How does physical weathering take place?
a. By penetration into the joints of rocks searching for moisture.
b. By the factors like pressure, warm temperature, water and ice.
c. By movement of detached pieces of rocks downward due to gravity
d. Through the process of metamorphism, cementation and sedimentation

5. Alice, while walking near a monument, observed that its color is changing from
time to time and forming rust eventually. This kind is related to chemical
weathering. How does it happen?

a. By the product of weathering, erosion and deposition

b. By breaking down rocks through pressure, water and ice.
c. By the integration of rocks caused by living and nonliving things
d. By weakening or disintegration of rocks and the formation of new
compounds.

RECAP
Direction: Identify the correct classification of rocks depending on the description
given in each statement. Write the letter of the correct answer. Write A for igneous
rocks, B for sedimentary rock and C for metamorphic rocks.
__________1. These are formed through the cooling of magma or lava.

__________2. These rocks can have distinct foliation because they are exposed to
horizontal pressures, friction, and heat caused by tectonic processes.

__________3. These rocks may become extrusive or intrusive rocks.

__________4. These rocks may have distinct foliation.

__________5. These rocks may be accumulated on the Earth’s surface through the
process of deposition.

__________6. These could be pyroclastic rocks such as ignimbrite, scoria and

pumice.

__________7. These rocks may be clastic, organic and biochemical materials.

__________8. Basalt and andesite are the example of these rocks.

__________9. Marbles and slates are the examples of these rocks.

__________10. These are the combinations of products of weathering and erosion.

It is nice to know that you can still remember the lesson about the three
classifications of rocks.

Rocks undergo changes because of different factors and natural phenomena.

One factor that may be called an architect of nature is known as weathering.
LESSON

Weathering is the general term applied to the combined action of all physical
and chemical processes that disintegrate and decompose rocks near Earth’s surface.
Generally, the disintegration and decomposition processes act together, but one may
be dominant, depending on the climate.

There are two types of weathering: physical or mechanical weathering and

chemical weathering.

Physical weathering happens whenever rocks are broken up without any

change in their chemical state. It takes place in different ways depending on the
factors that act on the rocks. These factors include pressure, warm temperature,
water, and ice. Example of physical weathering include block disintegration,
exfoliation and frost action. Block Disintegration is caused by the successive heating
and cooling that causes the expansion and contraction of rocks. Exfoliation happens
when rocks at depth are brought to the surface of the Earth and experience a
progressive removal of pressure. Lastly, frost weathering refers to the alternate
freezing and thawing of water inside the joints of the rock causing them to split into
small particles or fragments.
Chemical weathering is the weakening or disintegration of rocks and the
formation of new compounds or new substances caused by chemical reactions.
Chemical processes include oxidation, hydrolysis and acid action. Oxidation is the
process where oxygen reacts with the rock and changes its mineral composition.
Carbonation is the process involving the formation of various types of carbonates in
rocks. Hydration is the result of the absorption or combination of water and a
particular substance on the rock, leading to a change in shape. Dissolution is the
process in which some of the minerals in rocks are directly dissolved in water.

Mass wasting refers to the downslope movement of rock, regolith, and soil
because of gravity. It is a natural process that occurs after weathering. It is
considered as a natural hazard. Classifications of mass wasting based on saturation
and speed of flow are solifluction, earthflow, mudflow, slump, debris slide, debris
flow, soil creep and rock fall.

The products of weathering are the disintegration of rocks into particles of

soil. The removal of soil at a greater rate than its replacements by natural agencies
is known as soil erosion. Wind erosion happens when winds carry large amount of
fine soil particles and sand away from a region, spreading it over adjoining cultivated
land and destroying fertility. Sheet erosion is the removal of thin layers of soil
because of surface runoff and rain. Rill erosion is the removal of soil by the action
of concentrated running water. Gully erosion is the removal of soil in water channels
or drainage line. Deposition takes place when particles are carried away by water,
ice or wind and deposited it in certain location.
Let’s explore more weathering in actual way by performing the different
activities below.

ACTIVITIES

Rocks and Acids

Activity 1
I. Objective
a. Find the effects of acid on rocks.
II. Materials
Lemon Juice Medicine Droppers
Vinegar 2 pieces of Chalks/Limestone
III. Procedure
1. Cut the two chalks into two.
2. Put a few drops of lemon juice on one of the half.
3. Put a few drops of vinegar on the remaining half.
4. Record your observation.
IV. Observation
Chalks/Limestones Reaction to Lemon Juice Reaction to Vinegar

Table 1: Reaction to Acids

V. Guide Questions

1. What happens when you put lemon juice on each chalk/limestone?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. What happens when you put vinegar on each chalk/limestone?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. What does this activity have to do with chemical weathering of rocks?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

4. Aside from reactions with acids, what are the other types of chemical
weathering?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

VI. Conclusion
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Weathering, Erosion and Deposition
Activity 2

Direction : Identify if the following is an example of weathering, erosion or deposition.

You can have more than one answers. Write your answer in the space provided.

Objective: Explain how weathering, erosion and deposition takes place.

Source: Mines and Geoscience Bureau

Figure 1: Siki it Elepante along barangay Labnig

Siki it Elepante in Labnig, Answer

Romblon is composed of columns of _____________________________________
light gray to whitish volcanic rocks _____________________________________
(porphyritic andesite) probably _____________________________________
belonging to the Middle Pliocene _____________________________________
Banton Volcanics (approximately 3.5 _____________________________________
million years old) which apparently _____________________________________
resemble large elephant feet. This _____________________________________
remarkable landscape, which is the _____________________________________
most photographed beach in the _____________________________________
island, was subjected to columnar _____________________________________
jointing in the past which was later _____________________________________
molded by crashing waves.
Source: Mines and Geoscience Bureau
Figure 2: Coastal Feature of Bakayawon , Lloerente, Eastern Samar

Answer
These coastal features of the _____________________________________
Pacific Ocean are found in Brgy. _____________________________________
Bakayawon, Llorente, Eastern Samar. _____________________________________
The headlands as portrayed in the _____________________________________
above photo are outcrops of limestone _____________________________________
jutting out into the sea and _____________________________________
surrounded by water on three sides. _____________________________________

Source: Mines and Geoscience Bureau

Figure 3: Rocky to gravelly beach in Barangay Tumalum, Banton, Romblon

Answer
Strong waves surrounding the coasts
also resulted in the formation of a _____________________________________
rocky to gravelly beach in Barangay _____________________________________
Tumalum in Banton, Romblon. This _____________________________________
picture perfect landscape is dominated _____________________________________
by rounded and moderately sorted _____________________________________
boulders and gravels. _____________________________________
Weathering Mind Map
Activity 3

Direction: Continue the mind map below. Use 50 or more interconnected words.
You can use your own design. You can also create your own graphics on how the
products of weathering are carried away by erosion and deposited elsewhere

Weathering

Erosion
Deposition

To summarize the lesson, let’s do the analogy below.

WRAP–UP

Instruction: Look at the given pair and decide how the two words or phrases relate
to each other. Then put your answer on the space provided.

1. Product of Rock Cycle : Transformation of the three types of rocks

________________________: Disintegration of rocks into particles of soil.

2. _____________________ : Caused by pressure , warm temperature, water and ice

Chemical Weathering : Caused by chemical reactions

3. Block Disintegration: Successive Heating and cooling

_____________________ : Freezing and Thawing of water

4. Chemical Weathering :______________________________________________________

Physical Weathering: Block disintegration, exfoliation, frost action

5. Deposition: Waves dropping sand on the beach

___________: Muddy water being carried away by a fast-moving river
VALUING

1. Share two news that describe the role of human activities in changing the Earth’s
structures positively and negatively.

2. Create a short rap jingle or a song about weathering and state the significance
of it in the formation of Earth’s surface. (Rubrics will be made depending on the
teacher and student agreement)

POSTTEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which of the following is NOT an exogenic processes?
a. Deposition b. Erosion c. Metamorphism d. Weathering

2. Which of the following is caused by successive heating and cooling that causes
the expansion and contraction of rocks?
a. Block disintegration c. Exfoliation
b. Carbonation d. Frost weathering

3. Which of the following is NOT a chemical weathering?

a. Carbonation b. Exfoliation c. Hydration d. Dissolution

4. How does mass wasting take place?

a. By breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces

b. By disintegration of rocks into particles of soil
c. Through the process of cementation and sedimentation
d. By movement of detached pieces of rocks downward due to gravity

5. While walking at the shoreline of a certain beach, you observe that the ocean
waves are carrying forms of sediments and depositing it to the coast part making a
little bit higher from the sea level. What is this process by which natural force
moved weathered rock and soil and deposit it in another place?

a. Deposition c. Exfoliation
b. Erosion d. Metamorphism
KEY TO CORRECTION
10. B B 5. 5. Erosion
9. C C 4. dissolution, carbonation
8. A A 3. 4. Hydration, oxidation,
7. B C 2. weathering
6. A A 1. 3. Frost Action/Frost
2. Physical Weathering
class group chat
Recap 1. Products of Weathering
teacher through your Wrap-up
5. d consult your Science 5. a
4. a students. You may 4. d
3. b the views of the 3. b
2. c may vary depending on 2. a
1. d For Activity 1-3 answers 1. c
Pretest What's More Post test

References

Book
Olivar II, Jose Tolentino and Anna Cherylle Morales-Ramos.Exploring Through
Science Series: Earth and Life Sciences Series Phoenix Publishing House Inc.,
2016

Webpages and Photos

Coastal Landforms of Northern Romblon Islands Published May 30, 2019

http://mgb.gov.ph/2015-05-13-02-02-11/mgb-news/715-coastal-
landforms-of-northern-romblon-islands

Feature: Interesting coastal geologic features molded by erosional processes in

Eastern Samar province Published December 1, 2016 http://
mgb.gov.ph/2015-05-13-02-02-11/mgb-news/471-interesting-coastal-
geologic-features-molded-by-erosional-processes-in-eastern-samar-province