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    Inorganic Notes

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    Mr. X
    1. The melting points and stability of hydrides of alkali metals decreases down the group from Li to Cs. The basic nature of hydroxides also decreases. 2. The stability of Group 13 elements in the +3 oxidation state decreases from B to Tl, while stability in the +1 state decreases from Ga to Tl. Basicity also decreases down the group. 3. Properties of Group 14-17 generally decrease down the groups, including metallic character, reducing nature, thermal stability, and acidity of oxides.

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    Inorganic Notes

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    Mr. X
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    1. The melting points and stability of hydrides of alkali metals decreases down the group from Li to Cs. The basic nature of hydroxides also decreases. 2. The stability of Group 13 elements in the +3 oxidation state decreases from B to Tl, while stability in the +1 state decreases from Ga to Tl. Basicity also decreases down the group. 3. Properties of Group 14-17 generally decrease down the groups, including metallic character, reducing nature, thermal stability, and acidity of oxides.

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    1. The melting points and stability of hydrides of alkali metals decreases down the group from Li to Cs. The basic nature of hydroxides also decreases. 2. The stability of Group 13 elements in the +3 oxidation state decreases from B to Tl, while stability in the +1 state decreases from Ga to Tl. Basicity also decreases down the group. 3. Properties of Group 14-17 generally decrease down the groups, including metallic character, reducing nature, thermal stability, and acidity of oxides.

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    Inorganic Notes

    Uploaded by

    Mr. X
    1. The melting points and stability of hydrides of alkali metals decreases down the group from Li to Cs. The basic nature of hydroxides also decreases. 2. The stability of Group 13 elements in the +3 oxidation state decreases from B to Tl, while stability in the +1 state decreases from Ga to Tl. Basicity also decreases down the group. 3. Properties of Group 14-17 generally decrease down the groups, including metallic character, reducing nature, thermal stability, and acidity of oxides.

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    Melting point=

    Li > Na > K > Rb > Cs


    02. Colour of the flame=
    Li-Red, Na-Golden, K-Violet, Rb-Red, Cs-Blue, Ca-Brick red, Sr-Blood red, Ba-Apple green

    Stability of hydrides =
    LiH > NaH > KH > RbH> CsH

    04. Basic nature of hydroxides=


    LIOH < NaOH < KOH < RbOH < CsOH

    . Hydration energy=
    Li> Na > K> Rb > Cs

    06.) Reducing character=


    Li > Cs > Rb > K > Na

    Stability of +3 oxidation state=


    B> Al > Ga > In > T1

    Stability of +1 oxidation state= Ga < In < TI

    Basic nature of the oxides and hydroxides=


    B< Al< Ga < In < TI

    Relative strength of Lewis acid= BF3 < BCl3 < BBr3 < BI3

    Ionisation energy=
    B> Al <Ga > In <TI

    Reactivity=
    C<Si< Ge < Sn <Pb

    :sparkles:13. Metallic character=


    C< Si < Ge < Sn < Pb

    :sparkles:14. Acidic character of the oxides=


    Co2 > SiO2 > Ge02 > SnO2 > PbO2

    :sparkles:15. Reducing nature of hydrides=


    CH4 < SiH4 < GeH4 < SnH4 < PbH4

    :sparkles:16. Thermal stability of tetrahalides=


    CCl4> SiCl4> GeCl4> SnCl4 > PbCl4

    :sparkles:17. Oxidising character of M+4 species=


    GeCl4 < SnCl4 < PbCl4

    :sparkles:18. Ease of hydrolysis of tetrahalides=


    SiCl4 < GeCl4 < SnCl4 < PbCI4

    :sparkles:19. Acidic strength of trioxides=


    N203 > P2O3 > As2O3

    :sparkles:20. Acidic strength of pentoxides=


    N2O2 > P2O2> As202 > Sb2O2 > Bi̟202

    :sparkles:21) Acidic strength of oxides of nitrogen=


    N2O < NO <N2O3 <N2O4 < N2O5

    :sparkles:22. Basic nature/ bond angle/ thermal stability and dipole moment of hydrides=
    NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 > BiH3

    :sparkles:23. Stability of trihalides of nitrogen=


    NF3 > NCl3 > NBr3

    :sparkles:24.Lewis base strength=


    NF3 <NCl3 <NBr3 < NI3

    :sparkles:25. Ease of hydrolysis of trichlorides=


    NCl3 > PCI3 > AsCl3 > SbCl3 > BiCl3

    :sparkles:26.Lewis acid strength of trihalides of P, As, and Sb=


    PCl3 > ASCl3 > SbCl3

    :sparkles:27. Lewis acid strength among phosphorus trihalides


    PF3 > PCl3 > PBr3 > PI3

    :sparkles:(28) Melting and boiling point of hydrides=


    H2O > H2Te > H2Se >H2S

    :sparkles:29. Volatility of hydrides=


    H2O < H2Te < H2Se < H2S

    :sparkles:30. Reducing nature of hydrides=


    H2S < H2Se < H2Te
    :sparkles:31. Covalent character of hydrides=
    H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te

    :sparkles:32. The acidic character of oxides (elements in the same oxidation state)=
    SO2 > SeO2 > TeO2 > PoO2
    SO3 > SeO3 > TeO3

    Acidic character of oxide of a particular element (e.g. S)=


    SO < SO2 < SO3
    SO2 > TeO2 > SeO2 > PoO2

    :sparkles:34. Bond energy of halogens=


    Cl2 > Br2 > F2 > I2

    :sparkles:35. Solubility of halogen in water =


    F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2

    Oxidising power=
    F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2

    Enthalpy of hydration of X ion=


    F- > Cl- > Br- >I-

    Reactivity of halogens:=
    F> Cl> Br > I

    Ionic character of M-X bond in halides


    = M-F > M-Cl > MBr > M-I

    Reducing character of X ion:=


    I- > Br- > Cl- > F-

    Acidic strength of halogen acids=


    HI > HBr > HCI > HF

    Reducing property of hydrogen halides


    = HF < HCL < HBr < HI

    Oxidising power of oxides of chlorine


    = Cl2O > ClO2 > Cl206 > Cl2O7

    Decreasing ionic size=


    02- > F- > Na+ > Mg2+
    :sparkles:45 Increasing acidic property=
    Na2O3 < MgO < ZnO< P205

    :sparkles:46 Increasing bond length=


    N2 <02 < F2 < CL2

    Increasing size=
    Ca2+ < Cl- < S2-

    icreasing acid strength=


    HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4

    Increasing oxidation number of iodine=


    HI< I2 <ICl <HIO4

    Increasing thermal stability=


    HOCl < HOClO < HOClO2 < HOClO3
    »»----☆-------

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