KERALA
ARCHITECTURE
CASE STUDY
SUBMITTED BY:
AISHWARYA SUBHASH
BARCH 19 A
ROLL NO: 03
OLAPPAMANNA MANA
LOCATION
PALAKKAD DISTRICT, KERALA 25KM NORTH OF OTTAPALAM, LOCATED ON THE
BANKS OF RIVER KUNTHI, A TRIBUTE TO BHARATHAPUZHA RIVER WHICH
PALAKKAD
RUNS ACROSS THE STATE.
CLIMATE
PALAKKAD HAS TROPICAL WET AND DRY CLIMATE. TEMPERATURE
REMAIN HIGH THROUGHOUT THE YEAR, WITH MARCH AND APRIL
BEING HOTTEST MONTH. HIGH AMOUNT OF PRECIPITATION IS
RECEIVED MAINLY DUE TO SOUTHWEST MONSOON.
THERE ARE MAINLY 3 TYPES OF SOIL:
LATERITE SOIL
VIRGIN FOREST SOIL
BLACK SOIL
AERIAL VIEW
OLAPPAMANA MANA AROUND THE SITE
ACRES OF LAND
THE OLDEST STRUCTURE IN THE COMPLEX, OWNED BY THE
THE MANA HAS TWO COURTYARD BUILDING, MANA IS USED FOR
(ETTUKETTU) ONE IS FOR WOMENS IN THE PADDY
FAMILY. CULTIVATION.
PADDY FIELD SHOWING THE COLONIAL INFLUENCE WITH
POND ROUNDED ARCHES AT THE ENTRANCE.
EARLIER IT WAS TWO SEPARATE
POOLS,ONE EACH FOR MEN AND
WOMEN, THAT WERE LATER
SHRINE
CONSTRUCTED INTO SINGLE POND DEDICATED TO BRAHMARAKSHAS, IT IS
WITH TWO ENTRANCES. TWO SLOPE BELIEVED THAT THE IDOL WILL
ROOF STRUCTURES SERVE AS ENTRY PROTECT THE SITE FROM EVIL.
GATES TO THE POND.
SNAKE TEMPLE
SITUATED ON AN ELEVATED
LAND ON THE WESTERN SIDE RUBBER FACTORY
OF THE MANA. ONCE RITUALS
STRUCTURE USED TO HOUSE THE
WERE PERFORMED HERE.
RUBBER PROCESSING MACHINE.
ATHANI COWSHED TEMPLES
ENTRANCE DESIGNED IN
SUCH A WAAY THAT PLACE FOR CATTLE. TWO TEMPLES, ONE DEDICATED TO
ANIMAL ACCESS TO MANA LORD SHIVA AND THE OTHER
IS PREVENTED. DEDICATED TO LORD NARASIMHA.
SITE PLAN
THAZHATHE PATHAYAPURA
THEKKE PATHAYAPURA
PADINJATTE PATHAYAPURA THE LARGEST PATHAYAPURA AMONG
THE SMALLEST AND THE OLDEST
PATHAYAPURA. BUILT ON THE SAME LEVEL
THE MOST RECENT OTHER PATHAYAPURAS. BUILT ON OF MANA.
PATHAYAPURA,RENOVATED IN MODERN SOUTHERN SIDE, FUNCTION AS
STYLE. BUILT ON THE WESTERN SIDE. GRANARY AND LIVING AREA, ALSO THE
SITE FOR CULTURAL ACTIVITIES LIKE ENTRANCES
MUSIC CLASSES AND KATHAKALI
PERFORMANCE. 3 OR 4 ENTRANCES TO THE SITE THE MAIN
ENTRANCE TO THE SITE WAS SITUATED ON
THE SOUTH WESTERN CORNER OF THE
MANA AFTER THE ROAD CONSTRUCTION THE
ENTRANCE SHIFTED TO SOUTHERN SIDE.
LEGENDS
1. MEL ADUKKALA
2. WELL
3. STORAGE
4. VALIYA ADUKKALA
5. CHERIYA ADUKKALA
6. KETTU
7. DELIVERY ROOM
8. POOJARI'S ROOM
9. THOTTI
10. SREELAKHAM
11. CHERIYA NADUMUTTAM
12. VADAKKINI
13. AYYAPAN SHRINE
14. VALIYA NADUMUTTAM
15. PADINJATTE
16. ADACHAPURAM
17. PURAMTHALAM
18. THEKKINI
19. OOTUPURA
20. POOMUGHAM
21. TOILET
22. NEDUMPURAM
MEL ADUKKALA:
SQUARE AND WELL VENTILATED. VADAKKINI:
USED AS DINING SPACE FOR MEN. SMALL AND WELL VENTILATED WITH
HIGH PLINTH. BHRAMANICAL RITUAL
SPACE FOR TRAINING.
VELIYA ADUKKALA: CHERIYA NADUMUTTAM:
SMALL AND RECTANGULAR,
SQUARE SHAPED, COOKING IS DONE
SEPARATE CONVERSATION SPACE FOR
HERE, MAINLY USED BY MEN.
WOMEN.
CHERIYA ADUKKALA: DELIVERY ROOM:
SMALL WITH WATER DRAWING SPACE WELL DRAINED WITH GRANITE
FOR WOMEN. USED BY POOJARI AS SLABS. PLACE FOR WOMEN DURING
COOKING SPACE. MENSTRUATION AND LABOUR.
KETTU: THOTTI:
LARGE OPEN WALL USED BY WOMEN, ACT AS ENTRANCE TO SREELAKHAM,
ADJASCENT TO LABOUR ROOM. STORE FOR WOODEN MATERIALS.
OOTUPURA:
ADACHUPURAM: RECTANGULAR AND NARROW AND
LOW BUILT AND STORAGE FOR WELL VENTILATED WITH SLENDER
ARTIFACTS. OCTAGONAL COLUMN.
NEDUMPURAM:
PURAMTHALAM: USED FOR KATHAKALI
WELL LIT AND ADMINISTRATIVE ROOM. PERFORMANCE.
VALIYA NADUMUTTAM:
SQUARE COURTYARD, CENTRALLY POOMUGHAM:
LOCATED AND HOUSE TO AYYAPPA SEATING AND MEETING AREA.
SHRINE.
THEKKINI:
ELEVATED AREA, OPEN TO
COURTYARD AND ORNAMENTED
COLUMNS.
THAZHATHE PATHAYAPURA
THESE STEPS WERE PROVIDED ON THE BEING ONE OF THE FIRST PATHAYAPURAS. IT IS BUILT ON A
EASTERN SIDE TO ALLOW DIRECT ACCESS. LEVEL SAME AS THAT OF THE MANA. THE GROUND FLOOR
FOR THE MEN OF THE HOUSE TO THE LIVING STRUCTURE WAS USED AS A GRANARY. THE ATTIC SPACE ABOVE
ROOM ABOVE, WITHOUT LIVING TO GO ACT AS A BUFFER TO PREVENT THE HEAT FROM ENTERING
THROUGH THE STORAGE. INTO THE LIVING SPACE.
THIS IS SMALLEST OF ALL STRUCTURES AND HAS LESS NUMBER OF SPACES
ARRANGED WITHIN ITS TWO FLOORS THE WINDOWS ARE LONG AND THE
PLINTH IS HIGHER COMPARED IN ORDER TO PREVENT THE GROUND FLOOR
FROM FLOODING.
PLAN
FRONT ELEVATION
MAIN DOOR
PULTHITTA HOUSE,
ARANMULA, PTA THIS IS THE SMALLEST
DOCUMENTED EKASALA
TIMBER WALLED HOUSE.
LOCATED IN ARANMULA,
PATHANAMTHITTA, NEAR
TO THE FAMOUS
PARTASARATHI KRISHNA
PARTHASARATHI TEMPLE.
TEMPLE
AREA COVERED BY
THE ROOF = 17M2,
LENGTH IS ABOUT
7K12A (5.4M),
WIDTH IS ABOUT
4K8A(3.12M).
THE BUILDING HAS
TWO ARAS AND A
POOMUKHAM
(OPEN PORTICO).
PLAN
SECTION DD
THE NILAVARA (CELLAR) IS PROVIDED WHICH OCCUPIES THE SPACE OF ONE ARA OF
ABOUT 3M*1.9M AND THE ENTRANCE IS FROM ARA ITSELF.
HEIGHT OF NILAVARA IS ABOUT 92CM.
FRONT ELEVATION
SECTION CC
VERANDHA WIDTH IS ABOUT 1.44M.
HEIGHT OF UTHARAM FROM GROUND LEVEL IS ABOUT 4K2A (2.9M).
THE AARODHAM IS PLACED AT A HIGHER POINT TO GET DESIRED HEADROOM
FOR VERANDA.
COMMON PERIMETER OF AAROODHAM LIES BETWEEN 27K (19.5M) - 43K (31M).
THANK YOU
