Technological University of the Philippines-Cavite Campus

CQT Avenue, Brgy. Salawag, Dasmarinas City, Cavite

TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

DELA CRUZ, KYLA J.

BSCE- C- 1A

Engr. Maria May Pacete

BES11 Professor

January 2021

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. TABLE OF CONTENTS 2
II. INTRODUCTION 3
III. CONTENTS 4
A. Transportation Engineering 4
B. Tasks and Responsibilities of Transportation Engineer 5
C. Salary of Transportation Engineer 6
D. Career in Transportation Engineering 6
1. Highway Engineering 6
2. Railway Engineering 7
3. Port and Harbor Engineering 7
4. Airport Engineering 8
5. Pipeline Engineering 8
E. Transportation Engineering Projects 8
1. International Projects 8
a. Golden Gate Bridge 8
b. US Rail Unit 8
c. Singapore Changi Airport 9
2. Local Projects 9
a. Manila Light Rail Transit System (LRT) 9
b. Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) 10
c. Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) 10
IV. CONCLUSION 11
V. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 12
VI. REFERENCES 13

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INTRODUCTION

Transportation engineering is a sub-discipline of civil engineering which deals with the

application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation
and management of facilities for any mode of transportation in order to provide the safe, rapid,
comfortable, convenient, economical, and environmentally compatible movement of people and
goods. The planning aspects of transport engineering relate to urban planning, and involve
technical forecasting decisions and political factors. Technical forecasting of passenger travel
usually involves an urban transportation planning model, requiring the estimation of trip
generation on how many trips for what purpose, trip distribution the destination choice, where is
the traveler going, mode choice what mode is being taken by the traveler, and route assignment
which streets or routes are being used.

They are considered as one of the most pivotal civil engineering disciplines. Engineers in
this sector design, construct and maintain all forms of public transportation systems across the
world, including roads, railways, ports and airports. Their aims are to improve the overall traffic
movement, reduce traffic congestion and minimize the risk of accidents from happening. This
can be achieved by either designing a completely new system, or by altering an existing one.

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CONTENTS

Transportation Engineering
Transportation engineering is a sub-discipline of civil engineering which deals with the
application of innovation and scientific standards to the planning, utilitarian plan, operation and
management of facilities for any mode of transportation in arrange to supply the secure, fast,
comfortable, helpful, conservative, and naturally consistent development of individuals and
products. Transportation engineering, as practiced by civil engineers, basically involves
planning, design, construction, maintenance, and operation of transportation facilities. The
facilities support air, highway, railroad, pipeline, water, and indeed space transportation.

The planning aspects of transportation engineering relate to elements of urban planning,

and involve technical forecasting decisions and political factors. Technical forecasting of
passenger travel usually involves an urban transportation planning model, requiring the
estimation of trip generation (number of purposeful trips), trip distribution (destination choice,
where the traveler is going), mode choice (mode that is being taken), and route assignment (the
streets or routes that are being used). More sophisticated forecasting can include other aspects of
traveler decisions, including auto ownership, trip chaining (the decision to link individual trips
together in a tour) and the choice of residential or business location (known as land use
forecasting). Passenger trips are the focus of transportation engineering because they often
represent the peak of demand on any transportation system.

Transportation engineering, as practiced by civil engineers, primarily involves planning,

design, construction, maintenance, and operation of transportation facilities. The facilities
support air, highway, railroad, pipeline, water, and even space transportation. The design aspects
of transport engg include the sizing of transportation facilities (how many lanes or how much
capacity the facility has), determining the materials and thickness used in pavement designing
the geometry (vertical and horizontal alignment) of the roadway (or track). Beside these
operations planning, logistics, network analysis, financing, and policy analysis are also important
to civil engineers, particularly to those working in highway and urban transportation. Every
country has some organization providing the guidelines and specifications for design and
operation of transport systems.

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Database of an area that Transportation engineer must include:

1. Population
2. Land use
3. Transportation facilities and services
4. Economic activity
5. Travel patterns and volumes
6. Regional financial resources
7. Community values and expectations
8. Laws and ordinance

Task and Responsibilities of Transportation Engineer

Transportation engineers focus on the design, construction and maintenance of transport

systems. Most entry-level positions in the field will require a bachelor's degree in engineering,
while advancement in the field may require a master's degree in the more specific discipline of
transportation engineering.

The major focus of transportation engineers includes main thoroughfares and highways
due to their overt use. Highway engineering, infrastructure design and the materials that make up
local and national highways comprise important aspects of a transportation engineer's job.
Though roads often require the most attention of engineers in this field, they may also work on
railways, airports, seaports and canals.

Transportation engineers have various duties based on specific job levels. Engineers must
be able to evaluate plans and proposals drafted by other engineers and make changes if
necessary. Other common duties include analysis of schematics and engineering data, offering
recommendations for traffic and driving policies, designing transit means and analyzing the
effects of transit on urban areas. In addition, transportation engineers may oversee plans with
contractors and calculate the overall costs for a project.

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Salary of Transportation Engineering

The Average Salary of Transportation engineer may vary based on the year of their
working experience in the field.

In USA, the average entry level salary (0-3 yrs. experience) for Transportation engineer
is $48,900. The responsibilities may be to design and plan transportation facilities, ensure that
project compliance with government standards and regulations. The employee may require the
necessary bachelor's degree in area of specialty. The employee has to be familiar with standard
concepts, practices, and procedures within a particular field. With 3-5yrs of experience in this
field, the expected average salary is $67,500. He/She may rely on experience and judgment to
plan and accomplish goals. For experience of 5-8yrs, the average salary is $86,500. The
employee may have to lead and direct the work of others. A wide degree of creativity and
latitude is expected. For experience of 8-12yrs, the average salary is $101,800.

Meanwhile, the average pay for a Transportation Engineer is PHP 611,466 a year and
PHP 294 an hour in Philippines. The average salary range for a Transportation Engineer is
between PHP 433,541 and PHP 765,442. On average, a Bachelor's Degree is the highest level of
education for a Transportation Engineer. This compensation analysis is based on salary survey
data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Philippines.

Careers in the field of Transportation Engineering

Highway Engineering

Highway engineering is an engineering discipline which involves the design,

construction and maintenance of Highway Roads & Systems, urban streets as well as
parking facilities. Important aspects of highway engineering include overall planning of
routes, financing, environmental impact evaluation, and value engineering to compare
alternatives. Traffic engineering involves planning for the volumes of traffic to be
handled, the methods to accommodate these flows, the lighting and signing of highways,
and general layout. Older techniques include signs, signals, markings, and tolling. Newer
technologies involve intelligent transportation systems, including advanced traveler
information systems (such as variable message signs), advanced traffic control systems
(such as ramp meters), and vehicle infrastructure integration. Similarly, pavement and

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roadway engineering involve setting of alignments, planning the cuts and fills to
construct the roadway, designing the base course and pavement, and selecting the
drainage system.

Railway Engineering

It is a branch of civil engineering concerned with the design, construction,

maintenance, and operation of railways. Railway engineering includes elements of civil,
mechanical, industrial, and electrical engineering. Railway engineers handle the design,
construction, and operation of railroads and mass transit systems that use a fixed
guideway (such as light rail or even monorails). Typical tasks would include determining
horizontal and vertical alignment design, station location and design, construction cost
estimating, and establishment of signaling & controlling system. Railroad engineers can
also move into the specialized field of train dispatching which focuses on train movement
control.

Railway engineers also work to build a cleaner and safer transportation network
by reinvesting and revitalizing the rail system to meet future demands. In the United
States, railway engineers work with elected officials in Washington, D.C. on rail
transportation issues to make sure that the rail system meets the country's transportation
needs.

Port and Harbor Engineering

Port and harbor engineers handle the design, construction, and operation of ports,
harbors, canals, and other maritime facilities. A harbor (or haven) is a place for ships to
enter and find shelter from storms or other natural phenomena. The modern harbor is a
place where ships are built, launched, and repaired, as well as a terminal for incoming
and outgoing ships. There are four principal classes of harbors; commercial, naval,
fishery, and refuge for small craft. Harbor may be natural or artificial.

A port is a harbor with the necessary terminal facilities to expedite the moving of
cargo and passengers at any stage of a journey. A good harbor must have a safe
anchorage and a direct channel to open water, and must be deep enough for large ships.
An efficient port must have enough room for docks, warehouses, and loading and

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unloading machinery. Geographically, a port or harbor is usually limited to a
comparatively small area of usable berthing space rather than an extended coastline.
Some ports along exposed coastal areas, for example, the western coast of South
America, have little harbor area.

Airport Engineering

Airport Engineering encompasses the planning, design, and construction of

terminals, runways, and navigation aids to provide for passenger and freight service.
Airport engineers design and construct airports. They must account for the impacts and
demands of aircraft in their design of airport facilities. These engineers must use the
analysis of predominant wind direction to determine runway orientation, determine the
size of runway border and safety areas, different wing tip to wing tip clearances for all
gates and must designate the clear zones in the entire port.

Pipeline Engineering

Pipeline engineering embraces the design and construction of pipelines, pumping

stations, and storage facilities. Pipelines are used to transport liquids such as water, gas,
and petroleum products over great distances. Also, products such as pulverized coal and
iron ore can be transported in a water slurry.

Transportation Engineering Projects

International Projects

Golden Gate Bridge

The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the
one-mile-wide (1.6 km) strait connecting San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean. The
structure links the U.S. city of San Francisco, California—the northern tip of the San
Francisco Peninsula—to Marin County, carrying both U.S. Route 101 and California
State Route 1 across the strait. The bridge is one of the most internationally recognized
symbols of San Francisco and California. It was initially designed by engineer Joseph
Strauss in 1917. It has been declared one of the Wonders of the Modern World by the
American Society of Civil Engineers.

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US rail network

The US rail network, with an operating route length over 250,000km, is the
biggest in the world. Freight lines constitute about 80% of the country’s total rail
network, while the total passenger network spans about 35,000km.

The US freight rail network consists of 538 railroads (seven Class I railroads, 21
regional railroads, and 510 local railroads) operated by private organizations. Union
Pacific Railroad and BNSF Railway are among the largest freight railroad networks in
the world. The national passenger rail network Amtrak comprises of more than 30 train
routes connecting 500 destinations across 46 American states.

A plan is in place to build a 27,000km national high speed rail system in four
phases by 2030. Construction of the California high-speed rail, the country’s first high-
speed rail project, was well underway by the beginning of 2014. Three more high-speed
projects including the Midwest high-speed rail line connecting Chicago with Indianapolis
or St. Louis, Texas high-speed rail, and the Northeast High-Speed Corridor are under
development.

Singapore Changi Airport

Singapore Changi Airport, commonly known as Changi Airport is a major civilian

airport that serves Singapore, and is one of the largest transportation hubs in Asia. As one
of the world's busiest airports by international passenger and cargo traffic, it is currently
rated the World's Best Airport by Skytrax, the first Airport in the world to do so for eight
consecutive years. It has also been rated as the one of the world's cleanest airports and
highly rated international transit airports.

Local Projects

Manila Light Rail Transit System (LRT)

The Manila Light Rail Transit System (Filipino: Sistema ng Magaang Riles
Panlulan ng Maynila), commonly known as the LRT, is an urban rail transit system that
primarily serves Metro Manila, Philippines. Although categorized as a light rail system
because it originally used light rail vehicles, it presently has characteristics of a rapid

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transit system, such as high passenger throughput, exclusive right-of-way, and later use
of full metro rolling stock. The LRT is jointly-operated by the Light Rail Transit
Authority (LRTA), a government corporation attached to the Department of
Transportation (DOTr), and the Light Rail Manila Corporation (LRMC). Along with the
Manila Metro Rail Transit System and the Metro Commuter Line of the Philippine
National Railways, the system makes up Metro Manila's rail infrastructure.

Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA)

Ninoy Aquino International Airport or NAIA formerly known and still commonly
referred to as Manila International Airport as well as by its codename Nichols Field
(Nichols), is the airport serving Manila and its surrounding metropolitan area. Located
along the border between the cities of Pasay and Parañaque, about 7 kilometers (4.3 mi)
south of Manila proper and southwest of Makati. NAIA is the main international gateway
for travelers to the Philippines and serves as a hub for Cebgo, Cebu Pacific, PAL
Express, and Philippine Airlines, as well as a base for Philippines AirAsia. It is managed
by the Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA), an attached agency of the
Department of Transportation (DOTr).

Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA)

Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (Tagalog: Abenida Epifanio de los Santos),

commonly referred to by its acronym EDSA, is a limited-access circumferential highway
around Manila, the capital of the Philippines. It is the main thoroughfare in Metro Manila
passing through 6 of the capital region's 17 local government units, namely, from north to
south, Caloocan, Quezon City, San Juan, Mandaluyong, Makati and Pasay.

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CONCLUSION

Civil engineering is one of the major branches of engineering and, as its name implies, is
related to engineering for civilian applications. Transportation engineering is a branch of civil
engineering that is involved in the planning, design, operation, and maintenance of safe and
efficient transportation systems. These systems include roadways, railways, waterways, and
intermodal operations. Typically, the demand is the amount of traffic (people, cars, railcars,
barges) that is expected to use a particular transportation facility, while the supply is the quantity
and type of infrastructure components (roadways, bridges, pavements, etc.). These systems are
typically large and expensive.

There are a number of attributes of transportation engineering that affect the types of
statistical theory that are used in the profession. One important aspect of transportation
engineering is that the transportation engineer is not only interested in the infrastructure (e.g.,
bridges, rails, etc.) and the individual units (cars, trucks, railcars) that use the infrastructure, but
also the user. Often it is necessary to understand the interaction of all three of these entities—
infrastructure, individual units, and user—to understand the system as a whole. Typically the
infrastructure and units are considered the supply side of the equation, while the users are
identified with demand.

Most Transport Engineers spend the majority of their workday in an office environment.
They must be proficient in using various pieces of office equipment, including email, telephone,
and various computer software programs. However, a Transportation Engineer may sometimes
be required to visit construction sites to evaluate and oversee the progress of work. When
working on site, they must be able to endure adverse weather conditions and noisy machinery.
Transportation Engineers work full-time schedules, though many work overtimes if they are
involved in directing or overseeing projects.

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

1. What does Transportation Engineer do?

- Transportation engineers plan roadway construction and maintenance, as well as design
airports, subways, and metro transit systems. Civil engineers often work outdoors at
construction sites to monitor progress and troubleshoot any problems that come up.
2. Are Transportation Engineer in demand?
- Demand for Transportation Engineers is expected to go up, with an expected 96,780
new jobs filled by 2018. This represents an annual increase of 4.86 percent over the next few
years.
3. Why do we need to study transportation engineering?
- The role of a transportation engineer is to develop efficient transportation systems that
fulfill these needs. Transportation engineers also: Could review the effect of urban
development on traffic systems. Simulate traffic in an intersection to make sure that traffic
movement is smooth.

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REFERENCES

https://www.erieri.com/salary/job/transportation-engineer/philippines?
fbclid=IwAR2g1gAUy_hxjsIQ6ljEn1bkeuPqF5ZHhcFxDN_tRhF5Kdj0nEd2e_Tc8bc

https://study.com/articles/Transportation_Engineer_Job_Description_Duties_and_Requirements.
html

http://www.thecivilengg.com/transportation_engineering.php?
fbclid=IwAR2dLOJaRc2QPMzugg7VGm6DZlsggzY3KfobOVJMkN_6RKSikqFmt-
qves0#:~:text=Transportation%20engineering%20is%20a%20sub,%2C%20comfortable%2C
%20convenient%2C%20economical%2C

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation_engineering?
fbclid=IwAR0k0DJX0qDclMHGA3mE7IsRM20SO6uFtXmoQXqFUkEibpKZBOa9fQYODlE

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changi_Airport

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge

https://www.railway-technology.com/features/featurethe-worlds-longest-railway-networks-
4180878/#:~:text=The%20United%20States%20has%20the,based%20on%20total%20operating
%20length.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDSA_(road)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Light_Rail_Transit_System

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airport

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