Physical Education Notes

Physical Educations

Notes
Providing for Sport:
 Which organizations provide for Sport?

A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning

function. Sports governing bodies come in various forms, and have a variety of
regulatory functions. Examples of this can include disciplinary action for rule
infractions and deciding on rule changes in the sport that they govern.
 Who controls International Sport?
On a worldwide level, individual sports are regulated by the International Sports
Federation (IF) that governs that sport. For example, soccer (football) is governed at
the global level by FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). FIFA
establishes the rules of game play as well as regulations governing players, agents,
and referees. FIFA ensures compliance with its Disciplinary Code. FIFA’s Dispute
Settlement Chamber hears labour disputes and disputes over training compensation
and solidarity contribution.
Other international federations include:
 FIG (Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique)
 IIHF (International Ice Hockey Federation)
 ISU (International Skating Union)
 UCI (Union Cycliste Internationale)
 ICC (International Cricket Council)

The governance structure for soccer is further supported by regional sports organizations
(such as the UEFA – Union of European Football Associations) and national-level
organizations (such as FIA – Football Association of Ireland).
2.1. Olympic Games
Along with the FIFA World Cup, the Olympic Games is the world’s most recognized
international sporting event. Started in ancient Greece, the Olympic Games were revived in
modern times in 1896. This section will explain the organizational structure of the Olympic
Games and illustrate the law-related functions of the various entities. For related information,
see the International Paralympic Committee.
2.2. Olympic Charter
The founding document of the Olympic Movement is the Olympic Charter, which addresses
the legal status of the International Olympic Committee, the role of the International
Federations and the National Olympic Committees, and the World Anti-Doping Code, as well
as the Olympic flag, emblems, motto, and flame, among other things. The Olympic Charter
also states that all disputes that arise in connection with the Olympic Games shall be
submitted exclusively to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) [see section below].
2.3. International Olympic Committee (IOC)
Founded on June 23, 1894 by the French educator Baron Pierre de Coubertin,
the International Olympic Committee (IOC) is an international non-governmental
organization that is the final authority on the Olympic Movement. The IOC owns the rights to
the Olympic symbols, flag, motto and anthem.

The Executive Board of the IOC assumes many of the legislative functions of the
organization and is responsible for enacting all regulations necessary for the full
implementation of the Olympic Charter. The Executive Board is assisted in its administrative
function by several commissions, including ethics, sports and environment, and medical.
The individual members of the IOC represent the IOC in their respective countries. Unlike
congressional or parliamentary members, they do not represent the interests of their
individual countries to the IOC. There are currently 100 members in the IOC.
2.4. International Sports Federations
International Sports Federations (IFs) are non-governmental organizations that are
responsible for the administration of one or more sports at the world level. IFs are recognized
by the IOC and cooperate with it in ensuring that their activities comply with the Olympic
Charter. The IFs are organized into three categories, which are in turn each organized under their
own supervising body. They are illustrated in the table below.
Category Body Example Sports

Summer ASOIF (Association of Summer Olympic archery, boxing, cycling, gymnastics,
Olympic Sports International Federations) swimming, wrestling

Winter Olympic AIOWF (Association of International Winter biathlon, bobsleigh, curling, ice
Sports Sports Federations) hockey, luge, skeleton, snowboard
Recognized ARISF (Association of the IOC Recognised Bowling, cricket, flying disc, karate,
Sports* International Sports Federations) netball, polo, rugby, surfing, wushu
 Who provides for Sport facilities?

There are two providers of sports facilities: the public provision made by the local
councils, county councils and local government and the private provision made by
hotels, sports clubs and private clubs.
The public sector aims to provide facilities that are accessible to everyone and are
based on a pay-and-play policy where anyone can pay their money and play the
sport.
Such facilities can be found in local schools where, after school hours, the school gym
sports hall and outdoor areas are open for the local community to use. These are
places where you might see people using their new softball equipment or tossing
frisbees around. This is known as the dual use system. Colleges and universities offer
a similar system but access by the public usually occurs during the college holidays
when students have little use for them.
Other facilities are run and maintained by the parish, town, city or district councils or
the county council. These facilities include the local village hall, leisure and arts
centres, sports halls, playing fields, athletics tracks, golf courses, bowling greens,
swimming pools and tennis courts.
The private sector, in providing sports facilities, usually has a commercial aim, that
is, they are trying to make money from the people using their facility. Many hotels
now provide some kind of facility for sport to their guests with the aim of attracting
more people to use the hotel. They may also let non-residents use the facilities but this
usually involves some kind of joining and membership fee to do so.
Other complexes are purposely built to provide people with a holiday based around
leisure activities. An example of this is Centre Parcs. There are other commercial
sports clubs that provide venues for sporting events. Squash, tennis and golf are some
examples where private development has taken place. There is also a growth
in private health clubs that provide weight and aerobic gyms and usually have
private instructors.

Physical Education Notes

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Physical Education Notes

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Physical Education Notes

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Physical Educations

A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning

function. Sports governing bodies come in various forms, and have a variety of

infractions and deciding on rule changes in the sport that they govern.

 Who controls International Sport?

On a worldwide level, individual sports are regulated by the International Sports

the global level by FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). FIFA

and solidarity contribution.

Other international federations include:

 FIG (Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique)

 IIHF (International Ice Hockey Federation)

 ISU (International Skating Union)

 UCI (Union Cycliste Internationale)

 ICC (International Cricket Council)

(such as the UEFA – Union of European Football Associations) and national-level

organizations (such as FIA – Football Association of Ireland).

2.1. Olympic Games

see the International Paralympic Committee.

2.2. Olympic Charter

2.3. International Olympic Committee (IOC)

the International Olympic Committee (IOC) is an international non-governmental

the Olympic symbols, flag, motto and anthem.

congressional or parliamentary members, they do not represent the interests of their

2.4. International Sports Federations

International Sports Federations (IFs) are non-governmental organizations that are

Category Body Example Sports

Olympic Sports International Federations) swimming, wrestling

Sports Sports Federations) hockey, luge, skeleton, snowboard

Sports* International Sports Federations) netball, polo, rugby, surfing, wushu

 Who provides for Sport facilities?

You might also like