DR.
ANDRES BELLO UNIVERSITY
FACULTY: HEALTH SCIENCES
CAREER: OPTOMETRY TECHNICIAN
STUDENTS: MELANIE GISELLE ALFARO SURIANO AS00520012020
CECILIA MARITZA AMAYA GUEVARA AG061490012020
EDITH YANETH DIMAS DE ALFARO DA2227012020
KATHERINE ELIZABETH RODRIGUEZ CAMPOS RC1562012020
SUBJECT: ENGLISH
TOPIC: SIMPLE PAST
TEACHER: CARLOS ARMANDO GARZONA VIOLANTES
SAN SALVADOR, MARCH 21TH 2020.
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INDEX
Table of Contents
Simple Past.....................................................................................................................................5
Verb conjugation.......................................................................................................................5
Structure for Simple Past............................................................................................................7
Irregular verbs................................................................................................................................7
Affirmative...................................................................................................................................7
Regular Verbs.................................................................................................................................9
Simple past of "be": Sentences with Was / Were................................................................11
Use of adverbs in the past simple...........................................................................................14
Had in simple past......................................................................................................................14
Use of could in simple past......................................................................................................16
Bibliography.................................................................................................................................18
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INTRODUCTION
The present work refers to one of the verb tenses used in the English language
and we refer to the simple past.
The simple past allows us to speak of a concrete action that started and ended in
the past and which is equivalent to the indefinite past tense of Spain.
This verb tense is generally used with time adverbs like "Last year", "Yesterday" or
"Last night"
The simple past as in the present simple has a structure which is made up of a
subject, a verb in the past, either a regular or irregular verb and a complement.
In order to use the past simple, we must bear in mind that there are two types of
verbs that are regular and irregular.
In regular verbs we must use different rules and. In some of the verbs add "ed", but
in irregular verbs we must learn their past form.
By studying these very important verb tenses we can put them into practice in a
conversation and in class.
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SIMPLE
PAST
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Simple Past
What is the Simple Past?
Also known as the simple past, is the verb
tense used in the English language to
narrate events that occurred at a specific
time in the past. It corresponds in its
meaning to the simple past tense in
Spanish.
The past simple generally has temporary
expressions that refer to the past, such as, yesterday, last night / week / month /
year / Tuesday, then, When ?, How long ago?, Aug, in 1997, etc.
Example:
I went to the cinema yesterday
Verb conjugation
To conjugate a sentence in this verb tense, it is necessary to use regular and
irregular verbs.
We usually recognize a verb in the past simple tense, by carrying the ending "-ed",
such as:
• Promise - Promised
• Announce - Announced
• Crash - Crashed
• Punish - Punished
• Accept - Accepted
• Avoid - Avoided
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• Sneeze - Sneezed
• Cry - Cried
• Miss – Missed
Examples:
• She cried for yesterday’s movie
• He promised a ring.
These verbs are regular and have certain rules that allow them to conjugate in this
verb tense.
On the other hand, there is another class of verbs that by their very nature have a
predetermined past form and are not formed with "-ed". These verbs are known as
irregular, because they do not follow any rules and the only way to recognize them
is through memorization.
Examples:
Base form Simple Past
Eat Ate
Sleep Slept
Come Came
Go Went
Drink Drank
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Structure for Simple Past
Subject + verb in past +
complement
Example:
I drank soda the last night.
Irregular verbs
Affirmative
Structure:
She bought clothes yesterday
Subject Verb in Complement
Past
Examples
I ate pupusas yesterday.
You slept in the morning.
She went to the cinema the last night.
He read a book the last week.
They drew a house.
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Negative
Structure
You did not/ didn’t drink soda
Subject Auxiliary Verb Complement
Did for in base
Negation form
Examples
She did not eat an apple in the last night.
He did not read a newspaper in the morning.
You did not write a letter yesterday.
We did not swim in the pool yesterday.
They did not buy pencils the last week.
Interrogative
Structure
Did He run in the park yesterday ?
Auxiliary Subject Verb Complement Question
In base form Mark
Examples:
Did You sleep in the last night? Yes, I did / No, I didn’t
Did He go to the mall yesterday? Yes, He did / No, He didn’t
Did She drink a coffee in the morning? Yes, she did /No, She didn’t
Did They eat pizza yesterday? Yes, they did / No, they didn’t
Did We read a book yesterday? Yes, we did / No, We didn´t
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Regular Verbs
This is a class of verbs that is conjugated under certain rules to form the past
simple tense or the past participle in English. In most cases you should just add "-
ed", for example:
Want - Wanted / Querer - Quería o quise
Unlike in Spanish, in English the conjugation will be the same for all subjects, be
they singular or plural in first person (I, we), second person (you) or third person
(he, she, it, they).
There are some cases in which the past tense of these verbs must be formed in
the following ways:
1. If the verb ends in "-e", only one "-d" is added.
Share - shared / Compartir
Skate - skated / Patinar
2. If the verb ends in a short vowel, which is known by the sound of the vowels in
the sentence, and a consonant, you must duplicate the last consonant, for
example:
Stop - stopped / Parar
Sin - sinned / Pecar
3. If the verb ends in a consonant and in "-y", you replace this last letter with an "-i".
Try - tried / Intentar
Dry - dried / Secar
Pronunciation
The sound of the ending "-ed" changes depending on the following rules:
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1. If the verb ends in "-p", "-f", "-k" or "-s", the ending "-ed" sounds like "-t". For
example:
Looked / Mirar
Asked / Preguntar
2. If the verb ends with any consonant such as "-b", "-g", "-l", "-m", "-n", "-v" or "-z"
or in a vowel, the ending "-ed" sounds like "-d":
Begged / Suplicar
United / Unir
3. If the verb ends in "-d" or "-t", the ending has a "-id" sound:
Visited / Visitar
Added / Añadir o agregar
On the other hand, there is another class of verbs that, by their very nature, have a
predetermined past form and are not formed with "-ed". These verbs are known as
irregular, because they do not follow any rules and the only way to recognize them
is through memorization. If you want to know some of these verbs and how they
work.
Affirmative Sentences (Regular Verbs)
o You worked very hard last week.
o She lived in Japan last year.
o They learned how to swim two years ago.
o She liked to sit in the sun.
o He always walked to school.
Negative Sentences (Regular Verbs)
You worked very hard last week.
She lived in Japan last year.
They learned how to swim two years ago.
She liked to sit in the sun.
He always walked to school.
Interrogative Sentences (Regular Verbs)
Did I play football last weekend? - Yes, I did / No, I didn't
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Did you work many hours? - Yes, I did / No, I didn't
Did he travel to New York last year? - Yes, he did / No, he didn't
Did she cook chicken for lunch? - Yes, she did / No, she didn't
Did it jump from the tree? - Yes, it did / No, it didn't
Simple past of "be": Sentences with Was / Were
In the same way that the verb "to be" has auxiliaries to structure sentences (am, is,
are), the past tense also presents them but at this time only two are used: "was"
and "were".
In this way the affirmative sentences of the past of the verb "to be" would be
structured under the following grammar: Affirmative past sentences of the verb "to
be"
Affirmative past sentences of the verb "to be"
I
He Was at the store
She this morning
It
We
You
were at the store
They this morning
The auxiliary in the past "was" is used only with those singular pronouns, that is,
they refer to a single person, while the auxiliary "were" is used with plural pronouns
(You are taken in this way because in addition to " You or You "also refers to" You
").
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I
He Was not / wasn't at the
She store this morning
It
We
You
were not / weren't at
They
the store this morning
Affirmative Sentences
We were old friends.
The pencil was on the desk.
He and Mary were good students.
The Sky was clear.
We were married.
In the case of negative sentences, the same grammar is followed by adding only
"not".
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Negative Sentences
She wasn’t hungry after workout. (Ella no estaba hambrienta después del
ejercicio)
They weren’t good friends for many years.
It wasn’t a good movie.
We weren’t married.
He wasn’t a happy child.
They weren’t old friends of my family.
Past interrogative sentences of the verb "to be"
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Where He
She this morning?
was it
Where We
You this morning?
were They
Examples:
Where was she sleeping?
She was sleeping in my bed.
What were they doing?
They were playing football.
Why was he sad?
He was sad because his dog is died.
When were you doing your homework?
I was doing my homework at night.
Why was Tom studying?
He was studying because he had a science's exam.
Use of adverbs in the past simple
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The "simple past" is always used to refer to when something happened, so it is
associated with certain temporary expressions that indicate:
frequency: often, sometimes, always
I sometimes walked home at lunchtime.
I often brought my lunch to school.
A certain time: last week, when I was a child, yesterday, six weeks ago
We saw a good film last week.
Yesterday, I arrived in Geneva.
She finished her work at seven o'clock
I went to the theater last night
An undetermined time: the other day, ages ago, a long time ago People lived in
caves a long time ago.
She played the piano when she was a child.
Had in simple past
Affirmative
Long way Short form
I had I'd
You had You'd
He had He'd
She had She'd
It had It'd
We had We'd
You had You'd
They had They'd
Examples
I had flu last week. Tuve la gripe la semana pasada.
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You´d an idea. Tuviste una idea.
She had a baby. Tuvo un bebé.
They´d some friends. Tuvieron algunos amigos.
Negative
Subject + did + not + have + ....
Subject + had + not + ....
Long way Short form Long way Short form Short form
I did not have I didn´t have I had not I hadn´t I´d not
You did not have You didn´t have You had not You hadn´t You´d not
He did not have He doesn't have He had not He hadn´t He´d not
She did not have She didn´t have She had not She hadn´t She´d not
It did not have It didn´t have It had not It hadn´t It´d not
We did not have We didn´t have We had not We hadn´t We´d not
You did not have You didn´t have You had not You hadn´t You´d not
They did not have They didn´t have They had not They hadn´t They´d not
Examples:
I didn't have a good holiday. No tuve unas buenas vacaciones.
You´d not arrived. No habíais llegado.
He didn´t have to go. No tenía que irse.
They hadn´t worked. No habían trabajado.
Interrogative
Did + sujeto + have + ... ?
Had + sujeto + ... ?
Did I have ...? Had I ...?
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Did you have ...? Had you ...?
Did he have ...? Had he ...?
Did she have ...? Had she ...?
Did it have ...? Had it ...?
Did we have ...? Had we ...?
Did you have ...? Had you ...?
Did they have ...? Had they ...?
Examples:
When did I have a talk with you? ¿Cuándo tuve una charla contigo?
Had you broken the window? ¿Habías roto la ventana?
Did he have time to go to Madrid? ¿Tuvo tiempo de ir a Madrid?
Use of could in simple past
When is could used? The modal auxiliary could is a modal verb that is used to
express permission, possibility or to make suggestions in the present tense. It is
also used to talk about a skill from the past, that is, the past version of the modal
'can'. We will always find it followed by a verb and we can also use it negatively,
like we couldn't.
HOW TO USE THE VERB MODAL COULD?
Modal verb could in interrogative
o Could to order politely.
o ‘Could I open the window?’
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Modal verb could in negative
Could to express ability in the past.
I could play the guitar when I was six years old.
Modal verb could in affirmative
Could accompanied by present perfect to express probability.
The show could have been better.
Bibliography
Ingles con ejemplos (2019), Ingles Celeberrima “Ejemplos oraciones pasado
simple en inglés” Website retaken: https://ingles.celeberrima.com/ejemplos-
oraciones-pasado-simple-en-ingles/
Ingles con ejemplos (2019), Ingles Celeberrima, “Ejemplos oraciones negativas en
pasado simple en inglés” Website retaken:
https://ingles.celeberrima.com/ejemplos-oraciones-negativas-en-pasado-simple-
en-ingles/
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The English and Spanish Club (2011), Overblog, “”Tiempo pasado-Verbos
regulares” Website retaken: http://cpc-english-spanish-club.over-blog.es/article-
leccion-n-10-tiempo-pasado-verbos-regulares-72180486.html
Ingles con ejemplos (2019), Ingles Ceberrima “Oraciones con was y were (verbo to
be en pasado)”. Website retaken: https://ingles.celeberrima.com/50-ejemplos-
oraciones-con-was-y-were-verbo-to-be-pasado/
Ingles con ejemplos (2019), Ingles Ceberrima “Oraciones con was y were
negativas (Verbo to be pasado), Website retaken:
https://ingles.celeberrima.com/50-ejemplos-oraciones-con-was-y-were-negativas-
verbo-to-be-pasado/
Primaria Ingles (2013), Brainly “wh-Question con auxiliary Was y Were” Website
retaken: https://brainly.lat/tarea/187380
Education First (2016) Gramática Inglesa “Simple past” Website retaken:
https://www.ef.com/wwes/recursos-aprender-ingles/gramatica-inglesa/simple-past/
Superprof (2015) Material Didactico “Verb to have: Simple past” Website retaken:
https://www.superprof.es/apuntes/idiomas/ingles/gramatica-inglesa/verbs/verb-to-
have-simple-past.html
Cambridge English (2018) ABA ENGLISH “El verbo Could” Website retaken:
https://www.abaenglish.com/es/verbos-modales-ingles/could/
INSIGHTS 2 unidad 2 páginas 24 a 29
GCF GLOBAL (2018) Gramática tiempos verbales, “Pasado simple en inglés”
Website retaken: https://idiomas.gcfglobal.org/es/curso/ingles/gramatica/pasado-
simple-en-ingles/
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