# OSI Model Key Responsibilities Data Type
Application
7 User Application Service User Data
6 Presentation Data Translation, Compression and Encryption Data
5 Session Session Establishment, Management and Termination Data
End-to-End Connections, Segmentation and
4 Transport Segment
Reassembly
Logical Addressing, Routing (Patch Determination),
Packets/D
3 Network Datagram Encapsulation, Error Handling and
atagrams
Diagnostics
Logical Link Control; Media Access Control (MAC),
2 Data Link Frames
Data Framing; Addressing; Error Detection
Encoding and Signaling, Physical Data Transmission;
1 Physical Bits
Hardware Specifications; Topology and Design
Application Layer
EMAIL POP, SMTP, IMAP 110,25,143
Websites HTTP, HTTPS 80, 443
File Transfer FTP, TFTP 20-21,69
Host Sessions TELNET, SSH 23, 22
Directory Service DNS 53
Network Mgmt SNMP 161,162
Info Firewall
GATEWAYS (Exam) Smartest Layer/ Content Layer/
Kernel Proxy FW - Very Fast
Certs/ Non-Repudiation/Mail; API - Application
Hardware (GEN5)
Program Interface
File Level Formatting; Ecryption & Compressopm
Stateful FW - Inspects,
understands traffic. It allows
Application to Application
protocols as long as it behaves
like is should (GEN3)
(Syn-Flood) ; (Fraggle - exploits UDP)
Router (Isolates Broadcast Traffic) ; Logical
Addressing (IPSec for Security) (PING Flood/ Ping of
Death/ Loki) (Smurf Attack - spoof source address)
(Teardrop - overlapping IT fragments)
Static/Stateless FW - Very
Switch (Doesn't address Broadcast Traffic) ; MAC,
limited / All or nothing - FW
Ethernet, Nic, Tunneling - Encapsulation (L2TP gives
blocks or allows entire
you the tunnel/ IPSec gives you security)
protocol (GEN1)
Cable, Hub, Modem (No Addressing)
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP
TCP/UDP
UDP
Common Protocols and Technologies TCP/IP Model
FTP, TFTP, SSH, IMAP, POP, HTTP, HTTPS, DNS
EFS (Encryption File System)
Application
SQL; RPC (DNS is Layer 5 for the exam)
Transport;
TCP and UDP ; SSL/TLS
Host-to-Host
IP, IPv6, IP NAT, Ipsec, ICMP, RIP, BGP, ISAKMP, IPX Internet
IEEE 802.2 LLC; Ethernet; Token Ring; FDDO and CDDI;
IEEE 802.11; (WLAN, Wi-Fi); PPTP; L2TP, SLIP, PPP
Network
Access
ADSL, ATN, ISDN, RS-X, FDDI, Coax, CAT 3-7