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Geological Conditions for Dam Construction

Geological conditions are important for determining the cost and safety of constructing dams, tunnels, buildings, and roads. For dams, a narrow river valley allows for a smaller, cheaper dam while a wide valley requires a larger, more expensive dam. Shallow bedrock provides a stable foundation at lower cost than deep bedrock. Competent igneous rocks offer a safe foundation while sedimentary rocks pose issues. Geological structures can impact stability, requiring consideration. When building, groundwater conditions like level and springs impact costs, so surveys are needed. Soil properties also affect work like dewatering.

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Noahna Micah S. Diana
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553 views2 pages

Geological Conditions for Dam Construction

Geological conditions are important for determining the cost and safety of constructing dams, tunnels, buildings, and roads. For dams, a narrow river valley allows for a smaller, cheaper dam while a wide valley requires a larger, more expensive dam. Shallow bedrock provides a stable foundation at lower cost than deep bedrock. Competent igneous rocks offer a safe foundation while sedimentary rocks pose issues. Geological structures can impact stability, requiring consideration. When building, groundwater conditions like level and springs impact costs, so surveys are needed. Soil properties also affect work like dewatering.

Uploaded by

Noahna Micah S. Diana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR CONSTRUCTIONS OF DAMS,

TUNNELS, BUILDING AND ROAD CUTTING


DAMS
Geology of DAM sites narrow river valley
- At the proposed dam site, if the river valley is narrow, only a small dam is required,
which means the cost of dam construction will be less. On the other hand, if the
valley is wide, a bigger dam is necessary which means the construction cost will be
very high.

Geology of DAM sites bedrock at shallow depths


- To ensure its safety and stability a dam has to necessarily rest on physical very strong
and structurally very stable. If such competent bedrocks occur near the surface or at
shallow depths, the foundation cost of the dam will naturally be less. On the other
hand, if competent bedrocks occur at great depths, the cost of the foundation will be
very high because it involves extensive work of excavation of loose overburden and
concrete refilling.
Geology of DAM sites competent rocks for safe foundation
- If igneous rock occurs at the selected dam site, they will offer a safe basis, and weak
sedimentary rocks, particularly shale’s, poorly cemented sandstones and limestones
shall naturally be undesirable to serve as foundation rocks.
Geology of DAM sites effects of associated geological structures
- For the stability of a dam, the occurrence of favorable geological structure is a very
important requirement. Under structural geology we have learn that those rocks bear
certain inherent or original physical properties, such characters get modified either
advantageously or disadvantageously when geological structure occurs in those rocks.
Buildings
Geological and geotechnical conditions
 When performing work on the building below the ground surface occurs some
problems related to groundwater (groundwater elevation, vibration levels at
various time periods, the strength of underground springs, etc.).
 Geological complex of ground, geo-mechanical and geotechnical properties of
soil layers on the basis of appropriate tests, and geological sections, geological
maps of the area generally should exist within the architectural- constructive
phase of the project of the building, but contractor has all these elements to check
before building.
 Determining the existence of groundwater, and their regime is of great importance
to the process of organizing works at zero cycle facilities, as well as for predicting
the equipment and installation of water pumping, fencing construction pit,
concreting under water, etc., which has great importance for, among other things,
calculating and determining the cost of these works.

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