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Bus Bar System

The document discusses busbar systems which are used for local high current power distribution. It describes the components of a complete bus duct assembly and how busbars are used to distribute electric power. Transposition of conductors in overhead power lines is also mentioned. The document then discusses isolators, low voltage panels, busbar trunking systems and different methods for vertical power distribution in large buildings such as single rising mains, grouped supply, individual floor supply and ring main supply.

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Bhavika Dabhi
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569 views

Bus Bar System

The document discusses busbar systems which are used for local high current power distribution. It describes the components of a complete bus duct assembly and how busbars are used to distribute electric power. Transposition of conductors in overhead power lines is also mentioned. The document then discusses isolators, low voltage panels, busbar trunking systems and different methods for vertical power distribution in large buildings such as single rising mains, grouped supply, individual floor supply and ring main supply.

Uploaded by

Bhavika Dabhi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BUS BAR SYSTEM

a busbar (also bus bar) is a metallic strip or


bar, typically housed inside switchgear,
panel boards, and busway enclosures for
local high current power distribution.
A complete bus duct assembly shall comprise
the following:
1. Cable and box
2. Hangers
3. Plug-in/feeder Busbar
4. Plug-in/tap-off box
5. Elbow
6. Off set
7. Transposing unit
8. End cap
9. Fire barrier
10. Expansion joints
11. Integral earthing
12. Fire resistance bus
A transposing is a pattern by which the conductors of overhead power lines
are transposed at transposing structures.
VOCABULARY

What is an LV panel?
Low voltage panel is a component of an electrical distribution system that
divides an electrical power feed into branch circuits while providing a protective
fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit in a common enclosure.
ISOLATOR
The isolator disconnects the faulty section of the busbar, hence protects
the system from complete shutdown.
Electrical isolators work by separating part of the electrical power from a system
for safety during maintenance works.
An isolator is a mechanical switch that is manually operated. It sits between
circuit breaker and bus.
Bus bar box
BUSBAR trunking system is a system of distributing electric power using
copper or aluminium bus bar with suitable enclosures.
The word “bus” comes from the Latin word that roughly means “all in
one” a lot of electrical “pathways” of currents in one.
The main reasons why busbar
1. Compact design
Busbar uses less space than cable systems which is a major advantage when dealing
with thousands of amps
2. Flexibility
Busbar is able to fit in any structure and has a more modular design than cables.
Busbars can be relocated without needing to spend large amounts of money,
and they can be modified to fit into any additional space.
3. Better resistance
Busbar also has lower density levels due to a thin flat tire that helps in optimal
distribution of density of current, and reduces resistance. Due to this, the
voltage loss from the busbar is much lower than it would be for cables.
4. Low Life time Costs
The easy installation of busbar and its configurable system ensure that it is very
competitively priced due decreased assembly time and material handling costs.
In fact, over the lifetime of a busbar it costs much less than cables as the system
is much more efficient and virtually maintenance free.
5. Future-Proofing
Busbar is a very flexible system, which can be adapted for ture upgrades and future
changes of use.
6. Quicker and Safer Installation
A busbar system is designed to fit the space required prior to its installation on site.
Busbars can be installed quickly, efficiently and with ease resulting in reduced on-
site costs. Cables are much more difficult to install and take a lot more manpower
and more time on site. Installing cables is incredibly complex and labour-intensive
and can only be done by highly specialised electricians.
Distribution inside Large Buildings In large buildings the type of distribution
depends on the building type, dimension, the length of supply cables, and the
loads. The distribution system can be divided into the vertical supply system
(rising mains) .
and the horizontal supply (distribution at each floor level). The arrangement of the
rising mains depends on the size and shape of the building and suitable size of
shafts for installing cables and bus ducts must be provided .

B. Busbar Trunking System Busbar trunking system (BBT) preforms the function of
transporting current from one point to the other. BBT can tap off power to
switchgear for further distribution using tap of boxes. BBT is totally enclosed, non-
ventilated design busbar and is fully insulated using halogen free fire retardant
epoxy insulation.

Busbar trunking installations can be categorised into two basic types: Distribution
and Feeder. The busbar trunking unit (BTU) is designed to prevent the propagation
of fire and limit the propagation of heat through building divisions (walls and
floors), for a specified time under fire conditions.
The vertical supply system are implemented in several ways, some of which are :

1.SINGLE RISING MAINS


Applications :- Where high supply
security is not important.

Advantages :- a) The different


loads of individual floors are
balanced out. b) Only a small
main L.V board is required. c)
Simple in construction and
operation.

Disadvantages :- Low supply


security (a fault in the rising
mains effect all floors)
GROUPED SUPPLY

Applications :- High rise building


with high load concentration.

Advantages :- Easier mounting.


Smaller size for rising mains.

Disadvantages :- A fault in any


rising mains effect several floors
(relatively low security). Loads
are balanced only within each
group. Larger power
distribution board.
INDIVIDUAL FLOOR SUPPLY

Applications :- In high rise


buildings were stories are let
separately (metering is at central
point at ground floor).

Advantages :- a) Smaller size of


cables can be used (easy
installation). b) In the case of a
fault in arising main, only one
story is effected.

Disadvantages:- a) Different
loading of the individual floors
can not be balanced out. b) The
rising main must be rated for the
peak load of each floor. c)
Uneconomical – large number of
cables and the size of the rising
main shaft is quite large. d) Large
low voltage distribution board
with numerous circuits.
Ring Main Supply

Applications :- In large buildings


when relatively higher security is
required.
Advantages :- a) Higher power
supply security ( in the event of a
fault, it is possible to switch off
the faulty part and leave the
majority of the building
operational ) b) A small low
voltage distribution board is
required. c) The differing loading
of individual floor are balanced
out ( smaller sizes for rising
mains )

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