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    CBSE Class-VI Subject Science Revision Notes Chapter - 9 The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings

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    The document discusses habitats and adaptations of living organisms. It defines habitat as the place where an organism lives and finds what it needs to survive, including biotic factors like other plants and animals, and abiotic factors such as air, water and soil. It describes different types of terrestrial and aquatic habitats and gives examples of adaptations that allow organisms to live in their particular habitats, such as physical traits that help desert animals survive hot dry conditions or ocean animals to breathe and maneuver in water. Adaptations may relate to an organism's body structure, habits or other characteristics.

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    CBSE Class-VI Subject Science Revision Notes Chapter - 9 The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings

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    GHAPRC RUDRAPUR
    174 views4 pages
    The document discusses habitats and adaptations of living organisms. It defines habitat as the place where an organism lives and finds what it needs to survive, including biotic factors like other plants and animals, and abiotic factors such as air, water and soil. It describes different types of terrestrial and aquatic habitats and gives examples of adaptations that allow organisms to live in their particular habitats, such as physical traits that help desert animals survive hot dry conditions or ocean animals to breathe and maneuver in water. Adaptations may relate to an organism's body structure, habits or other characteristics.

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    The document discusses habitats and adaptations of living organisms. It defines habitat as the place where an organism lives and finds what it needs to survive, including biotic factors like other plants and animals, and abiotic factors such as air, water and soil. It describes different types of terrestrial and aquatic habitats and gives examples of adaptations that allow organisms to live in their particular habitats, such as physical traits that help desert animals survive hot dry conditions or ocean animals to breathe and maneuver in water. Adaptations may relate to an organism's body structure, habits or other characteristics.

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    174 views4 pages

    CBSE Class-VI Subject Science Revision Notes Chapter - 9 The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings

    Uploaded by

    GHAPRC RUDRAPUR
    The document discusses habitats and adaptations of living organisms. It defines habitat as the place where an organism lives and finds what it needs to survive, including biotic factors like other plants and animals, and abiotic factors such as air, water and soil. It describes different types of terrestrial and aquatic habitats and gives examples of adaptations that allow organisms to live in their particular habitats, such as physical traits that help desert animals survive hot dry conditions or ocean animals to breathe and maneuver in water. Adaptations may relate to an organism's body structure, habits or other characteristics.

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    of 4

    CBSE

    Class–VI Subject Science


    Revision Notes
    CHAPTER – 9
    The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings

    The surroundings where plants and animals live are called their habitat.
    Several kinds of plants and animals may share the same habitat.
    The presence of specific features and habits, which enable a plant or an animal to live
    in a particular habitat, is called adaptation.
    There are many types of habitats, however, these may be broadly grouped as
    terrestrial (on the land) and aquatic (in water).
    There is a wide variety of organisms present in different habitats.
    Plants, animals and microorganisms together constitute biotic components.
    Rocks, soil, air, water, light and temperature are some of the abiotic components of
    our surroundings.

    Characteristics of living things:

    1. They need food, air and water to grow and for the other processes.
    2. The young ones grow into adults.
    3. They respire. Animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. Plants take in
    carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.
    4. They respond to changes in the surrounding (stimuli).
    5. They all get rid of wastes produced in the body (excretion).
    6. They reproduce their own kind.
    7. They have a definite life span.
    8. They have a particular structure and are made up of cells.
    9. They show movement.

    Habitat: Habitat is the place where an organism finds comfort, safety, food, water, air,
    shelter and suitable conditions for breeding and survival.

    It has two components biotic (living things like plants and animals abiotic (non-living

    Material downloaded from myCBSEguide.com. 1 / 4


    things like rocks, soil, air and water).

    BIOTIC COMPONENTS

    1. AUTOTROPHS

    AUTOTROPHS MAKE THEIR OWN FOOD ( AUTO MEANS SELF; TROPH MEANS
    NUTRITION.)
    green plants are autotrophs.

    2. HETEROTROPHS

    ( HETERO MEANS DIFFERENT OR OTHERS; TROPH MEANS NUTRITION ) .

    Herbivores: plants and grass eating animals.


    Carnivores: flesh or meat eating animals
    Omnivores; eat both, plants and the flesh.
    Habitat provides almost everything to an organism which is needed by it.

    ABIOTIC COMPONENTS

    light,
    temperature,
    water, humidity and rain,
    soil,
    air and wind,
    height of a place-plains or hills.

    Type of Habitat:

    (a) Terrestrial Habitat: Plants and animals live on land.

    some terrestrial habitats are

    seashore or the coastal area. Ex. lants like mangroove and coconut palm are
    common.
    on the bank of Ponds and lakes. Ex. frog,turtle,alligator, crocodile,duck etc.

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    life on land. Ex. cat,deer,lion,tiger,cow. Plants growing on land under normal
    conditions of moderate temperature and availability of water are the mesophytes.
    desert habitat on land . Ex. cactus,euphorbia,aloe,lizards,snake,camel.
    underground habitats. Ex. moles, beetle, cricket, termite, milliped, ant.
    plants and animals living on hills and mountains.Ex. yak, bear, hill goat, flying fox.
    plants in hills are mostly conical and evergreen. they bear deep growing roots. the
    stem is woody, bearing needle-like leaves.plants are mostly xerophytes. Ex.
    apple,pear,plum,apricot,walnut,almond.
    high snowy peaks and polar regions.Ex, polar bear(white bear), penguin
    arboreal or areial habitat Arbor means a tree. organisms living on trees are
    arboreal.Ex. was a honey bee, sider, owls, birds and numerous insects.

    (b) Aquatic Habitat: Plants and animals live in water. Example: ponds, swamps, lakes, rivers
    and oceans.

    plants growing in water are called hydrophytes.


    plant body is covered with a slippery substance called mucilage.

    Adaptations: Presence of specific features or certain habitats which enable an organism to


    live in its surrounding.

    Adaptation helps an organism in acquiring certain characteristics which helps it in


    being able to live in the habitat of its choice.
    The adaptation may be (i) related to the habitat, or (ii) related to its body structure.

    Terrestrial:

    (a) Deserts: Small animals stay in burrows deep in sand during the day, and come out at
    night. In plants, leaves are either absent or very smell as spines; stem has a thick waxy
    coating; roots go deep into the soil.

    (b) Mountains: Animals have thick skin or fur; mountain goat has strong hooves. Trees are
    cone shaped having sloping branches; leaves are needle like.

    (c) Grasslands: Animals are light brown in colour; Lion: a Long clause in front legs that can

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    be withdrawn inside the toes; eyes in front of face. Deer: Srong teeth, long ears, eyes on the
    sides of head.

    Aquatic:

    (a) Ponds:

    · Plants with roots fixed in soil: Stems are long, hollow and light; leaves float on water.

    · Plants with roots submerge: Leaves are narrow and thin ribbon-like.

    (b) Oceans:

    organisms living in sea are called the marine plants and marine animals.
    Animals have streamlined body; gills to respire (dolphins and whales have
    blowholes).
    Animals like squids and octopus do no have streamlined body and stay deep in water.

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