Problems Square-Wave Inverter 8.2, 83. 8-6. 8-7. ‘The square-wave inverter of Fig. 8-1a has Vg, = 125 V, an output frequency of 60 Hz, and a resistive load of 12.5 0. Sketch the currents in the load, each switch, and the source, and determine the average and rms values of each. A square-wave inverter has a de source of 96 V and an output frequency of 60 Hz. The load is a series RL load with R = 5 Q,and L = 100 mH, When the load is first energized, a transient precedes the steady-state waveform described by Eq. (8-5). (a) Determine the peak value of the steady-state current. (b) Using Eq. (8-1) and assuming zero initial inductor current, determine the maximum current that occurs during the transient. (c) Simulate the circuit with the PSpice input file of Fig. 8.4a and compare the results with parts (a) and (). How many periods must clapse before the current reaches steady state? How many L/R time constants elapse before steady state? The square-wave inverter of Fig. 8-3 has a de input of 150 V and supplies a series RL load with R = 20 0 and L = 40 mH. (a) Determine an expression for steady- state load current. (5) Sketch the load current and indicate the time intervals when each switch component (QI, DI: . .. Q4, D4) is conducting. (c) Determine the peak current in each switch component. (d) What is the maximum voltage across each switch? Assume ideal components ‘A square-wave inverter has a de source of 125 V, an output frequency of 60 Hz, and an RL series load with R = 20 Q and | = 25 mH. Determine (a) an expression for load current, (b) rms load current, and (c) average source current. . A square-wave inverter has an RL load with R = 15 Q and L = 10 mH. The inverter output frequency is 400 Hz. (a) Determine the value of the de source required to establish a load current that has a fundamental frequency component of 8 Arms. (6) Determine the THD of the load current. A square-wave inverter supplies an RL series load with R = 25 Q and L mH. ‘The output frequency is 120 Hz. (a) Specify the de source voltage such that the load current at the fundamental frequency is 2.0 A rms. (b) Verify your results with PSpice. Determine the THD from PSpice. “A square-wave inverter has a de input of 100 V, an output frequency of 60 Hz, and a series RLC combination with R = 10 Q, L = 25 mH, and C = 100 pF. Use the PSpice simplified square-wave inverter circuit of Fig. $-4a to determine the peak and rms value of the steady-state current. Determine the total harmonic distortion of the load current. On a printout of one period of the current, indicate the intervals where each switch component in the inverter circuit of Fig. 8-3 is conducting for this load if that circuit were used to implement the converter.Amplitude and Harmonic Control 8-8. For the full-bridge inverter, the de source is 125 V, the load is a series RL connection with R = 10 Q and L = 20 mH, and the switching frequency is 60 Hz. (a) Use the switching scheme of Fig. 8-5 and determine the value of «to produce an output with an amplitude of 90 V at the fundamental frequency. (b) Determine the THD of the load current. 8-9, An inverter that produces the type of output shown in Fig. 8-Sa is used to supply an RI series load with 10 O and L = 35 mH. The de input voltage is 200 V and the output frequency is 60 Hz. (a) Determine the rms value of the fundamental frequency of the load current when a = 0. (b) If the output fundamental frequency is lowered to 30 Hz, determine the value of a required to keep the rms current at the fundamental frequency at the same value of part (a). 8-10. Use the PSpice circuit of Fig. 8-7a to verify that (a) the waveform of Fig. 8-5« with @ = 30° contains no third harmonic frequency and (6) the waveform of ig. 8-5a with « = 18° contains no fifth harmonic. 8-11. (a) Determine the value of « that will eliminate the seventh harmonic from the inverter output of Fig. 8-Sa. (b) Verify your answer with a PSpice simulation. Pulse-Width-Modulated Inverters. 8-18. The de source supplying an inverter with a bipolar PWM output is 96 V. The load is an RL series combination with R = 32 Q and L = 24 mH. The output has a fundamental frequency of 60 Hz, (a) Specify the amplitude modulation ratio to provide a 54-V rms fundamental frequency output. (5) If the frequency modulation ratio is 17, determine the total harmonic distortion of the load current. 8:19. The de source supplying an inverter with a bipolar PWM output is 250 V. The load is an RI. series combination with R = 20 © and J = 50 mH. The output has a fundamental frequ provide a 160-V rm: (b) Ifthe frequency modulation ratio is 31, determine the toll harmonic distortion ofthe load current 8-20. Use PSpice to verify that the design in Example 8-9 meets the THD specifications. 8-21. Design an inverter that has a PWM output across an RL. series load with R = 10.0 and Z. = 20 mH. The fundamental frequency of the output voltage must be 120 V rms at 60 Hz, and the total harmonic distortion of the load current must be less ci nput voltage, the amplitude modulation ratio m and the switching frequency (carrier frequency). Verify the validity of your design with a PSpice simulation, 8-22. Design an inverter that has a PWM output across an RL series load with R = 30.0 and L = 25 mH. The fundamental frequency of the output voltage must be 100 V rms at 60 Hz, and the total harmonic distortion of the load current must be less than 10 percent. Specify the de input voltage, the amplitude modulation ratio m,, and the switching frequency (carrier frequency). Verity the validity of your design with a PSpice simulation